U2 Period 1 Understanding ideas-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第三册 Unit 2　Making a difference 【单元知识目标】 重点单词 contribution, relief, shortage, internal, effective, fund, recycle, fountain, earn, donate, foundation, insight, reality, extend, mission, disease, disability, territory, sensitive, generous, hesitate, cancer, royal, institution, assistance, registration, confirmation, aid, temporary, military, achievement, chief, major, treatment, obtain, drug, certificate, ministry, further 重点短语 look across, earn money, turn out, break into a smile, make a difference, set up, benefit from, make one’s dream a reality, transport...to safety, keep records of, at one point, rise to one’s feet, bring...to public attention, pass away 单元语法 过去分词(短语)作定语 写作任务 人物传记 【单元话题词汇】 Period 1　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 必备知识 自主探究 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主探究 The Well That Changed the World As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing① the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He looked across the classroom at the drinking fountain②. It was very close—only ten steps away. So, Ryan asked himself, “Why do some African children have to walk ten kilometres to get water every day？And why is the water so dirty that it makes them sick？” Young Ryan thought, “Life is easy for me, but hard for those people. Why don’t I help？” Part 1　教材原文助读 动词-ed短语spoken by his teacher 作后置定语，修饰the words；that 引导同位语从句，解释 the words 的具体内容。 本句包含了“so...that...”引导的结果状语从句；makes them sick为“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 ①have trouble (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 ②fountain /'faʊntIn/ n．[C]喷水池 drinking fountain n．[C](设于公共场所的)喷泉式饮水器 改变世界的井 6岁的加拿大男生瑞安听老师说，非洲的发展中国家有许多人没办法获得足够多干净的水，他对此感到难以置信。瑞安的目光掠过教室，望向对面的喷泉式饮水器。它是那么近——只有十步远。因此，瑞安问自己：“为什么有的非洲孩子每天不得不步行十公里去取水？为什么水会那么脏，以至于他们喝了会生病？”年幼的瑞安想：“我的生活很舒适，可他们的生活却很艰难，我为什么不去帮助他们呢？” At first, his plan was to earn money③ to build a single well somewhere in Africa. He cleaned windows and did gardening④ for his family and neighbours. He soon reached his first target⑤ of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well. Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand pump⑥. Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children. What they needed was a well dug near their homes. 动词不定式短语作表语，其中“to build a．..Africa”为动词不定式作目的状语。 本句为“it costs (sb.) some money to do sth.”句式，意为“做某事花费(某人)……钱”。 What they needed 是主语从句，what 在从句中作宾语；动词-ed 短语 dug near their homes 作后置定语，修饰a well。 ③earn money 挣钱 earn /ɜːn/ v．挣得，挣(钱) ④do gardening 做园艺；做园艺工作 ⑤reach one’s target 实现某人的目标 ⑥a hand pump 手摇泵 起初，他的计划是赚钱，然后在非洲某个地方打一口井。他帮助家人和邻居擦玻璃、做园艺。他很快就实现了第一个目标——挣到70美元，但当他把这笔钱捐给一家慈善机构时，却被告知打一口井实际上要花费2 000美元。70美元只够买一个手摇泵。瑞安明白，一个手摇泵无法帮到(非洲的)孩子们，他们需要的是在离家不远处打一口井。 Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn’t give up. He was determined to⑦ help other children have clean water. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them to⑧ donate⑨ money. At the same time, a friend of Ryan’s mother helped make his story go public⑩. After several months, Ryan had raised⑪ the $2，000, with which a well was built near a primary school⑫ in Uganda. The children at the school no longer⑬ needed to walk for hours to get water. They were grateful to⑭ him and invited him to visit. 表示时间、距离、长度、价值、金额、重量等的可数名词复数作主语时，常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 “make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 “介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the $2，000。 ⑦be determined to do ...决心做…… ⑧persuade sb. to do sth. (＝persuade sb. into doing sth.) 说服某人做某事 ⑨donate /dəʊ'neIt/ vt. 捐赠，捐献 donate...to...将……捐赠给…… [词链]donate (vt.)—donor (n.捐赠者；献血者)—donation (n.捐赠物，捐赠) ⑩go public 公之于世，公开(秘密等) ⑪raise vt.筹募，征集 [一词多义] ⑫a primary school 小学 a secondary school 中学 ⑬no longer (＝not...any longer)不再 ⑭be grateful to sb. (for sth. )(因某事)感激某人 2 000美元可不是一笔小数目，但是瑞安没有放弃。他下定决心要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。他开始向他的同班同学和邻居求助，劝说他们捐款。与此同时，瑞安妈妈的一位朋友帮忙将他的事情传播了出去。几个月后，瑞安筹到了2 000美元，用这笔钱在乌干达的一所小学旁边建了一口井。这所学校的孩子们再也不用走几个小时的路去打水了。他们非常感激瑞安，邀请他前来参观。 In Uganda, Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes⑮. But that was not all. He also saw hundreds of delighted⑯ students who had turned out⑰ to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. Some even offered him food and gifts. At first Ryan was nervous, but soon a great warmth filled him. He really had made a difference for these children. He broke into a joyful smile⑱. 过去分词finished作前置定语，修饰well。 ⑮see...with one’s own eyes 某人亲眼看到…… ⑯delighted adj. 高兴的，愉快的，快乐的 [词链]delighted (adj.)→delight (n.令人高兴的事；高兴 vt.使愉快)→delightful (adj. 令人愉快的) ⑰turn out 出席，在场 ⑱break into a smile 突然笑起来 break into...突然开始…… 在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼见到了已经完工的井。但是不仅如此。他还看到数百名兴高采烈的学生出来迎接他。他们高兴地又唱又跳，有的学生还为他送上了食物和礼物。刚开始瑞安还很紧张，但很快一股暖流涌上了他的心头。他真的给这些孩子带来了改变。他突然开心地笑了起来。 Later, Ryan’s experience led him to⑲ set up⑳ a foundation㉑ to encourage more people to help　.Many inspired people gave him their support.Ryan’s foundation continues to㉒ attract support from㉓ more and more people, so the work of building more wells can go on㉔. Today, over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from㉕ the life-changing㉖ gift of clean, safe water. 　动词不定式短语作目的状语。 ⑲lead sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 ⑳set up 建立；开办 ㉑foundation /faʊn'deIʃ(ə)n/n.[C]基金会 ㉒continue to do sth. 继续做某事 ㉓attract support from...吸引……的支持 ㉔go on(with sth.)(尤指停顿或中断之后)继续(做某事)，持续 ㉕benefit from...得益于…… ㉖life-changing adj. 改变生活的 [构词法]由“名词＋现在分词”构成的复合形容词常作定语或表语。常见的此类形容词还有： peace-loving(热爱和平的)，time-saving (节省时间的)等。 后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸出援手。许多深受鼓舞的人都向他提供支持。瑞安的基金会不断吸引着越来越多的人给予帮助，从而使建造更多水井的工作能够继续。今天，这份能改变人一生的礼物——干净、卫生的水——已经惠及了非洲16个国家的 80多万人。 Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask　 is not “Why don’t I help？”， but “How can I help today？”. This insight㉗ grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality㉘. 　动词不定式作后置定语，修饰the question。 ㉗insight /'InsaIt/ n．顿悟，猛醒 ㉘reality / ri'ælIti/ n. [C，U]真实，现实 make one’s dream a reality＝realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 现在，作为一个成年人，瑞安说要问的问题不是“为什么我不去帮助(别人)？”，而是“今天我该如何帮助(别人)？”。这种顿悟源于一个态度坚定的6岁男孩，他有勇气和毅力实现自己的梦想。 1．Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1 A．Ryan was inspired and decided to help. Para.2 B．Ryan got help and realized his dream at last. Para.3 C．Ryan got more support and helped more people. Para.4 D．Ryan visited the well in Uganda he donated. Para.5 E．The kind attitude changed Ryan’s whole life. Para.6 F．Ryan’s first try ended up in failure. 答案：Para.1 A　Para.2 F　Para.3 B　Para.4 D　Para.5 C　Para.6 E Part 2　语篇研析 2．What is the main idea of the text? A．The friendship between Ryan and African children. B．Ryan tried his best to build a well in Africa. C．Ryan helped African children to recycle waste water. D．The well built by Ryan changed the world. 答案：B 1．What inspired the Canadian boy to help? A．What he learned from his teacher. B．The dirty water he found in Uganda. C．The drinking fountain in his school. D．The ten-kilometre distance to the source of water. 答案：A 2．What did Ryan plan to do at first? A．To set up a foundation. B．To help buy a hand pump. C．To donate some money to a charity. D．To help build a well somewhere in Africa. 答案：D 3．Which of the following can best describe Ryan? A．Helpful and determined. B．Joyful and warm-hearted. C．Hard-working and grateful. D．Delighted and generous. 答案：A 4．What’s the influence of Ryan’s foundation? A．A well was built in Uganda. B．Over 800，000 wells have been built. C．All the Africans can drink clean water now. D．Over 800，000 people in Africa have had clean water. 答案：D 1．As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water. [句式分析]　本句为主从复合句。spoken by his teacher为过去分词短语作______，修饰the words；that引导________从句，解释说明words的内容。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ 定语 同位语 　　　 6岁的加拿大男生瑞安听老师说，非洲的发展中国家有许多人没办法获得足够多干净的水，他对此感到难以置信。 2．He soon reached his first target of $70, but when he gave the money to a charity, he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well. [句式分析]　本句为but连接的并列句。第二个分句为主从复合句，其中when引导__________从句，that引导______从句。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________。 时间状语 宾语 　 　　 他很快就实现了第一个目标——挣到70美元，但当他把这笔钱捐给一家慈善机构时，却被告知打一口井实际上要花费 2 000美元。 Ryan, a six-year-old Canadian boy, was shocked by the words 1.________ (speak) by his teacher that many people in developing African 2.___________ (country) couldn’t get enough clean water. Therefore, he was determined to try his best to help them. At first, he 3.________ (earn) money by cleaning windows and doing gardening for his family and neighbours. Soon, he made $70, which was enough for a hand pump, 4._____ it was far from enough to build a well, which 5.__________ (actual) cost $2，000. spoken countries earned and actually Ryan didn’t give up. He started to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them 6._____________ (donate) money. Meanwhile, a friend of his mother helped make his story go public. Several months later, Ryan had raised the $2，000, with 7._______ a well was built near a primary school in Uganda. to donate which The children were grateful to him and invited him to visit. Hundreds of 8.___________ (delight) students welcomed him. Seeing the finished well and the happy children, Ryan broke 9.______ a joyful smile and realized that he had made 10.___ difference for these children. delighted into a 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Volunteer Day What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time? Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you’d like to join for the day. See below for a schedule of events on Volunteer Day. Volunteer Day Schedule： 7：30 a．m.: Meet at the Community Centre for juice and bagels. 8：00－8：30 a．m.: Choose which activity you’d like to help with for the day. 8：30 a．m.: Board the bus to your activity site. 9：00 a．m.－3：30 p．m.: Work as a volunteer. 3：30 p．m.: Board the bus that will take you back to the Community Centre. See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join. A list of volunteer activities： Paint houses: Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, volunteer painters of Happy Homes offer to repaint old houses. Plant flowers: Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks, help lay paths at Cave Spring Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks. Read to children: Love and Learning is an organization that provides volunteers who can help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children aged four to six, or read one-on-one with struggling readers aged seven to eight. Play with animals: Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers that spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned. If you take an interest in it, please call 0195242 for further information. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一些志愿者活动的时间安排和志愿者活动的类型。 1．At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites? A．7：30 a．m.　　　　　　　 B．8：00 a．m. C．8：30 a．m. D．9：00 a．m. 答案：C 2 3 1 解析：细节理解题。根据Volunteer Day Schedule部分中“8：30 a．m.: Board the bus to your activity site.”可知，志愿者早上8：30出发去活动地点。故选C。 2 3 1 2．What do Lovely Friends volunteers do? A．Read books to children. B．Pick up garbage along the river. C．Help plant bushes in parks. D．Spend time with animals. 答案：D 2 3 1 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers that spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned.”可知，Lovely Friends的志愿者会花时间与动物在一起。故选D。 2 3 1 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To attract volunteers. B．To present a festival. C．To show a schedule. D．To introduce activities. 答案：A 2 3 1 解析：写作目的题。根据第一段中“What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time? Come to Volunteer Day and choose an activity you’d like to join for the day.(有什么更好的方法可以在帮助他人的同时享受自己的爱好？来参加志愿者日，选择一个你想在那天参加的活动)”可推断出，本文的目的是吸引志愿者。故选A。 2 3 1 B Ian McKenna was in third grade when he learned that many kids at his Austin school weren’t getting enough to eat at home. He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution. For years, he had been gardening with his mother, and they often sent their vegetables to the neighbors. “I’m good at gardening，” says McKenna, now 16.“Why not plant a garden at school, so that kids in need could take food home？” McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time. Within months, McKenna’s garden was producing lettuces, tomatoes and cucumbers for students and their families. McKenna’s perseverance paid off. Now, seven years later, McKenna’s Giving Garden project has expanded to five area schools in addition to his own backyard garden. For most of his gardening activities, McKenna wears the same T-shirt in different colors, with his personal motto on it: BE A GOOD HUMAN. To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age. “Even a smile might change someone’s life，” he says. “It lets them know that they are important. It can make their day.” Then, McKenna redoubled his efforts, cooking up to 100 meals and distributing (配送) them to the hungry on the weekends. When social distancing meant that volunteers couldn’t work on the community garden, he started offering online classes and a gardening hotline so families could grow at home. While gardening is his core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for effective ways to help the hungry. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个富有爱心、乐于助人的男孩Ian McKenna看到学校很多孩子没有足够的东西吃，就在学校种植了一个菜园来帮助他们的故事。 4．What caused Ian’s decision to help the kids in his own way? A．Being rejected by volunteer groups. B．Being good at gardening. C．His school’s support. D．His mother’s suggestions. 答案：A 4 5 6 7 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“He wanted to help, but local volunteer organizations turned him away, saying he was too young. So he decided to find his own solution.”可知，由于遭到志愿者组织的拒绝，Ian决定以自己的方式帮助这些孩子。选项A中的Being rejected与文中的turned him away为同义表达。 4 5 6 7 5．What do we know about the Giving Garden project? A．It helps students only. B．It was started with much support. C．It is funded by schools. D．It earns great profits every year. 答案：B 4 5 6 7 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“McKenna persuaded his school to set aside space for a garden; then he asked the community for donations of seeds and equipment. Other students donated their time.”可知，McKenna说服学校拨出一块空地来建一个菜园，然后他请求社区捐赠种子和设备，其他学生贡献了他们的时间。由此可知，这个项目是在许多支持下开始的。故选B。 4 5 6 7 6．Which of the following can best describe Ian? A．Well-educated. B．Honest. C．Boring. D．Caring. 答案：D 4 5 6 7 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“He wanted to help”和第二段中“To him, that means helping in any way you can, no matter what your age.”以及最后一段中“While gardening is his core focus, McKenna says he is always looking for effective ways to help the hungry.”可推知，McKenna是一个乐于助人的人。well-educated受过良好教育的；honest诚实的；boring令人厌烦的；caring乐于助人的。故选D。 4 5 6 7 7．What is the best title for the text? A．Ian McKenna, Growing a Food Project B．Ian McKenna, an Experienced Gardener C．Giving Garden Project, a Challenging Task D．Giving Garden Project, a Universal Solution 答案：A 4 5 6 7 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一个富有爱心、乐于助人的男孩Ian McKenna看到学校很多孩子没有足够的东西吃，就在学校种植了一个菜园来帮助他们的故事。标题中应包含Ian McKenna和他所做的事情，因此A项为最佳标题。 4 5 6 7 $$