U1 Period 3 Using language 情态动词(1)-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第二册 Unit 1　Food for thought Period 3　Using language: 情态动词(1) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 关键能力 互动探究 核心语法 专项突破 知识点1　情态动词的基本特征 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的看法或主观设想，是复合谓语不可或缺的部分。 1．情态动词有一定的词义，不能单独作谓语，需和实义动词或系动词一起作谓语。 ♦They must be in the classroom. 他们一定在教室里。 2．情态动词一般无人称和单复数的变化，个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。 ♦She can speak English though she is only six. 尽管她才6岁，但她会说英语。 ♦Mozart could play the piano at the age of three. 莫扎特在三岁时就会弹钢琴了。 3．构成否定句时，not放在情态动词后面。 ♦The young man can't carry the big stone. 这个年轻人搬不动那块大石头。 4．情态动词后接动词原形。 ♦The new law states that people mustn't drive after drinking alcohol. 新的法律规定人们不得酒后驾车。 知识点2　情态动词的基本用法 1．be able to的用法 be able to表示“经过努力而成功地做成某事”，且有人称和时态的变化，不能与can连用。 ◆If we keep trying, we will be able to achieve our goals. 如果我们不断尝试，我们将能实现我们的目标。 ◆It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they had done for me. 我花了很长时间才完全理解他们为我做的事情。 [温馨提示]　be able to与can/could的区别 (1)be able to有更多的时态的变化；can只有一般现在时和一般过去时。 (2)was/were able to表示“过去成功做成了某事”，相当于succeeded in doing sth.；could仅表示客观上有某种能力。 ◆The stadium can be emptied in four minutes. 这个体育场能在四分钟以内让观众全部散场。 ◆Tom could swim when he was five years old. 汤姆5岁时就会游泳。 ◆After years of hard work, he was able to win the prize. 经过多年的艰苦工作，他终于获了奖。 2．have to的用法 have to 表示“不得不，必须”，强调客观上的必要性，有人称和时态的变化。否定式为don't/doesn't/didn't have to。 ◆It's too late.I have to go home now. 天色太晚了，我现在得回家了。 ◆You don't have to finish the work now. 你没有必要现在完成这项工作。 [温馨提示]　have to与must的区别 have to表示一种客观的需要；must表示一种主观的需要。此外，must还有“偏要，非得”的意思；mustn't表示“禁止，不许，不可以”。 ◆I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon. 今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。 ◆We must finish the work before lunch. 我们必须在午饭前完成这项工作。 ◆You mustn't tell Jerry what I've bought. 你千万别告诉杰里我买了什么。 3．had better 的用法 had better 表示“应该，最好”，没有人称和时态的变化。其否定式为had better not。 ◆Parents had better not give kids more money than what is necessary. 父母最好别给孩子们太多的钱， 够用就可以了。 ◆To make it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand. 为了更容易联系到我们，你最好把这张卡片放在手边。 4．dare的用法 dare作情态动词时，常用于疑问句、否定句以及条件句中，表示“敢于，敢做”，没有人称的变化，但有过去式。 ◆He daren't speak English in public. 他不敢在公共场合说英语。 ◆How dare he take my bicycle without even asking! 他怎敢不问我一声就把我的自行车骑走了！ [温馨提示]　dare用作实义动词时的用法 (1)有人称、时态和单复数的变化。 (2)在肯定句中，其后常接带to的不定式。 (3)在否定句和疑问句中，既可接带to的不定式，也可接不带to的不定式。 (4)构成否定句和疑问句时，要借助do/does/did。 5．need的用法 need作情态动词时，多用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“需要，必须”，无人称和单复数的变化。由need引导的一般疑问句的肯定回答常用must或have to，否定回答常用needn't或don't have to。 ◆This is free service; you needn't pay for it. 这是免费服务，你不必付钱。 ◆—Need I make an appointment with Doctor Smith ahead of time? —Yes, you must./—No, you needn't/don't have to. “我需要提前与史密斯医生预约吗？” “是的，你需要。”/“不，没必要。” [温馨提示]　need也可作实义动词，有时态、人称和单复数的变化，后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式或动词-ing形式等。其否定式和疑问式要借助助动词do/does/did。 关键能力 互动探究 词汇精研 1.related adj.有关系的，相关的 (1)(be) related to 与……有关系的，与……有关联的 (2)relate vt.联系，使有联系 relate to 与……有关/相符；涉及 relate...to... 把……与……联系起来 (3)relation n．关系；联系 in relation to 关于；与……相比 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Chinese calligraphy (书法), which has a long tradition in China, is a type of visual art ____________ (relate) to writing. ②(人教选必2U3)“You are what you eat.” Most people today relate this saying ____________ healthy eating. ③The ____________ (relate) between the original book and this new film is very little. related to relation ④(2021·全国甲卷)我们学校将要举行一次与中国传统文化有关的主题班会。我写信来征求你的宝贵建议。 Our school is going to hold a theme class meeting ________________________________________．I'm writing to ask for your valuable advice.(应用文佳句之求助信) that is related to traditional Chinese culture 2.addict n．对……着迷的人 [教材原文] So, if you're a sugar addict and aren't able to say no to chocolate or cola, you had better download it now！所以，如果你是一个爱吃糖的人并且不能拒绝巧克力或可乐，你最好现在就下载它！ (1)addicted adj. 上瘾的；成瘾的；入迷的 be/become addicted to... 沉迷于……；迷上…… (2)addiction n．上瘾；入迷；嗜好 addictive adj.(药物等)使人上瘾的 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级 ①(人教必修1U1)Some students even become ____________ (addict) to the Internet and cannot concentrate on school and family life. ②Some students are now fighting their ____________ (addict) to computer games. addicted addiction ③Because he ____________________ (沉迷于)computer games, the boy didn't want to study. →________________________________， the boy didn't want to study.(过去分词短语作状语) was addicted to Addicted to computer games 3.in case 以防万一；假使，如果 [教材原文] Sometimes there are so many knives and forks that you needn't pick them up in case you get it wrong.有时候刀叉太多了，为了防止出错，你没有必要把它们拿起来。 in case of 如果；假使 in any case 在任何情况下；不管怎样 in this case 在这种情况下 in that case 既然那样 in no case 决不(置于句首，句子要用部分倒装) as is often the case (with...) (对……来说)这是常有的事 [即学即练]—— 用case的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①You may think of giving up study.________________， just think it over before making the decision. ②Please inform me in advance ________________ any change in the plan. ③I don't see why I couldn't do it.________________， I'm going to try. In this case in case of In any case ④________________ are you allowed to take the books out of the library. ⑤(译林必修3U2)与此同时，布朗女士迅速打开教室的门，以防它在晃动中损坏而无法打开。 At the same time, Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door, ________________________ during the shaking and could not open. In no case in case it became damaged 4.recommend v．推荐；劝告，建议 [教材原文] Highly recommended！重点推荐！ (1)recommend sth.to sb. 向某人推荐某物 recommend (doing) sth. 建议(做)某事 recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that...(should) do...建议……(应该)做…… It is/was recommended that...(should) do...有人建议……(应该)做…… (2)recommendation n．建议；推荐；介绍 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I strongly recommend ____________ (develop) a good habit of going for a walk after supper for the sake of your health. ②The doctor recommended me ____________ (take) a good rest after a long day of hard work. developing to take ③It is strongly recommended that the machines ________________________ (check) every year. ④为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你与中国人进行练习。 To master Mandarin, I strongly ______________________________ __________________________________．(应用文佳句之建议信) (should) be checked recommend that you (should) practice with Chinese people 5.attack v．侵袭，侵蚀 n．攻击；发作 [教材原文] The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.每次我们喝软饮料的时候，里面的糖会形成酸，会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。 (1)attack sb.with sth. 用某物攻击某人 (2)launch/make an attack on... 对……发起进攻 under attack 受到攻击 a heart attack 心脏病发作 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子 ①The soldiers received the order to make an attack ____________ the city at dawn. ②When an animal is ________________ (受到攻击), it can run away or fight back. ③The doctor said that ________________________ (他的心脏病发作) may be concerned with his overwork. on under attack his heart attack 句式剖析 each time引导时间状语从句 [教材原文] The sugar in soft drinks forms acid and attacks our teeth for about 20 minutes each time we drink them.每次我们喝软饮料的时候，里面的糖会形成酸，会侵蚀我们的牙齿大约20分钟。 本句是一个主从复合句。名词短语each time可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每次”。 用作连词的其他名词性短语有：(the) next/last time，the first/second/...time，the day/week/month/year，the moment/instant/minute/second(一……就……)等。 [即学即练]—— 补全句子 ① —__________________________________ (下次你拜访鲍勃时), remember to give him a call in advance. —Good point.I will. ②________________________________________ (每次他遇到困难时), he turns to me for help. Next time/The next time you visit Bob Every/Each time he comes across difficulties ③He happened to be out ________________________________ (上次我去拜访他时). ④He paid a visit to his old friend ________________________ (他到达当天)last weekend. (the) last time I called on him the day he arrived 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.选词填空 1．They ____________ not walk into the forest because it was so dark. 2．As a result of his hard work, Paul ________________ take the lead in the race last week. be able to, have to, had better, dare, need dared was able to 3．You ____________ not worry before you go to the new school, for your classmates there will be friendly. 4．You ________________ not go to school without breakfast for it's bad for your health. 5．We don't ________________ take any food to the party as Sue will get everything ready. need had better have to Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．The play is very popular.We ________________________ (最好不要错过) the chance to enjoy it. 2．I had read the report three times, so I ____________________ (能够理解) the author's ideas better. 3．You ____________________________________________ (不必担心) the car any more, since I have had it repaired. had better not miss was able to understand don't need to worry about/needn't worry about 4．He has broken one of his legs.As a result, he _________________ (将不得不离开) from school for three months. 5．Tom ___________________________________ (不必被强迫) to study—he always works hard. will have to be away needn't be made/doesn't have to be made 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.选词填空 1．I ____________ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning，the train comes by my house. 2．How ____________ you speak to your mother like that? You're being very rude! needn't, be able to, dare, must, had better, have to needn't dare 3．The company was so far away from my dorm that I ____________ spend much time on the way. 4．No matter how hard your situation is，you ________________ not lose heart. 5．With hard work and determination，you will ________________ achieve your goals. had to had better be able to Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．红灯亮时你不许过马路。 You ____________________ the road when the traffic lights are red. 2．星期天我们不用去上学。 We ________________________________ on Sundays. 3．考虑到他的身体状况，我们最好不要让他去那里了。 Given his health condition，we_____________________________． mustn't go across don't have to/needn't go to school had better not let him go there 4．小汤姆现在晚上不敢单独外出。 Little Tom _______________________________________alone at night now. 5．外面在下雨， 我们不得不待在家里。 It was raining outside; we ________________________． dare not /doesn't dare (to) go out had to stay at home Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 用情态动词的适当形式完成短文 Last night, I stayed up till 11 o'clock to write my English reading report which 1.____________ be handed in today. has to Because my English is poor, I asked my cousin, who is good at English writing, to do me a favour.This morning, however, my English teacher told me I 2.______________________ hand in the report so urgently.She asked me whether I wrote the English report by myself.I told her the truth for I 3.____________ tell lies.Surprisingly, she didn't get angry with me.Instead, she said that I 4.____________ do it on my own whatever the result.From then on, I knew I 5.____________ do my homework by myself whether it's easy or difficult. didn't have to/needn't dare(d) not had better must Ⅳ.阅读理解 Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table.Just three extra minutes at a family mealtime could help avoid child fatness.Research found that the reasons might lie in communication and the importance of a scheduled mealtime. Dr.Barbara Fiese said, “Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week, weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes.Over time, those extra minutes per meal add up and become really powerful.” Researchers studied 200 family mealtimes, testing the influences of mealtime behavior of families with children in primary school.They found that families, who said that shared mealtimes were an important part of family life and had special meaning for them, were less likely to have fat children.Similarly, families, who talked more together and communicated more positively during the meal, were more likely to have healthy-weight children. Teaching families how to make the most of family mealtimes was a wise idea.Dr.Fiese said, “This is something we can target and teach.” She added，“It's also important to recognize the increasing differences of families and their sometimes complex living schedules that may challenge their abilities to plan ahead and set some time to communicate with each other.”· Families in poorer US neighborhoods faced a lot of problems, including poor chances of getting healthy food.But even so, regular high-quality family mealtimes made a difference to the children's weight.Dr.Fiese said, “Three to four extra minutes per meal will make a healthy weight more possible.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了吃饭的用时问题。现在越来越多的孩子有肥胖的情况，家长们应该给孩子们更多的时间吃饭，那样可以帮助咀嚼和消化，孩子们才不会肥胖。 2 3 1 4 1．How long is reasonable for a family mealtime according to the text? A．About 10 minutes. B．About 15 minutes. C．About 17 minutes. D．About 20 minutes. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dr.Barbara Fiese said, ‘Children, whose families have a 20-minute meal over four times a week, weigh less than kids who leave the table after 15 to 17 minutes...”可知，对于家庭就餐来说，大约20分钟的时间是合情合理的。 2 3 1 4 2．What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 3? A．The result of a study. B．Different eating habits. C．Causes of child fatness. D．The importance of normal eating. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 段落大意题。根据第三段第一句“Researchers studied 200 family mealtimes, testing the influences of mealtime behavior of families with children in primary school.”可知，作者在第三段想要向我们展示一项研究结果。 3．What is the advantage of a longer family mealtime? A．Children can enjoy their meals better. B．Children can have a good rest while eating. C．Children can communicate more during the time. D．Children can have more time to choose what they like. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Similarly, families, who talked more together and communicated more positively during the meal, were more likely to have healthy-weight children.”可知，较长的家庭用餐时间有利于与孩子进行更多交流。 2 3 1 4 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Mealtime Talks Help Lose Weight B．Poorer Families Have Thinner Kids C．Healthy Food Makes Normal Weight D．Longer Family Mealtimes Prevent Child Fatness 答案：D 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。根据第一段第一句“Parents can cut the chances of their children getting fat simply by keeping them longer at table.”及全文可知，这篇文章主要讲的是更长的家庭用餐时间有助于防止儿童肥胖。所以D项“Longer Family Mealtimes Prevent Child Fatness”适合作为文章标题。 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。饺子是中国人民最喜欢的传统佳肴之一。文章主要介绍了制作饺子的步骤以及吃饺子的习俗。 Dumplings, also 1. (call) jiaozi, are one of Chinese people's favorite traditional 2. (dish).According to 3. ancient Chinese legend, dumplings 4. (make) first by Zhang Zhongjing.There are three steps in making dumplings: first, make dumpling wrappers (饺子皮); second, prepare the dumpling stuffing (馅)； 5. (final), wrap the wrappers around the stuffing.With thin dough skin, fresh stuffing, delicious taste and unique shape, dumplings are worth 6. (eat) hundreds of times.There's an old 7. (say) that claims, “Nothing could be more delicious 8. dumplings.” During the Spring Festival and other holidays, or when treating relatives and friends, Chinese people prefer to follow the custom of eating dumplings.To Chinese people 9. value family a lot, having dumplings at the moment when the old year is replaced by the new is a 10. (meaning) part of bidding farewell (道别) to the old and greeting the new year. 1．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空后有谓语动词are，空处应用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词Dumplings; Dumplings和call之间为被动关系，需用过去分词形式。 答案：called 2．考查名词的单复数。dish为可数名词，one of后面跟复数名词。 答案：dishes 3．考查冠词。legend意为“传说”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且ancient的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。 答案：an 4．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓语，根据ancient Chinese legend可知，此处应用一般过去时；主语dumplings和make之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；主语是复数名词，be动词用were。 答案：were made 5．考查词性转换。由前面的first，second可知，此处应用副词作状语，修饰整个句子。 答案：finally 6．考查非谓语动词。be worth doing意为“值得做”，为固定用法，空处应用动词-ing形式作宾语。 答案：eating 7．考查词性转换。不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词。 答案：saying 8．考查介词。根据more可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，需用介词than。 答案：than 9．考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词为Chinese people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who或that引导。 答案：who/that 10．考查词性转换。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词part。 答案：meaningful $$