U3 Period 1 Understanding ideas-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第二册 Unit 3　On the move 【单元知识目标】 重点单词 represent, basis, equipment, content, defend, conflict, adjustable, available, balance, involve, master, response, interpret, data, power, tension, disappear, inspire, persuade, ultimate 重点短语 go back, to one's heart's content, take...for example, put down, a matter of life and death, list...against, around the corner, in turn, raise money, save...from, die out, as well as 单元语法 动词不定式作定语和结果状语 单元写作 写一篇与体育运动有关的故事 【单元话题词汇】 Period 1　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 必备知识 自主探究 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主探究 Part 1　教材原文助读   A Game for the World [标题赏析]　本文的标题是“A Game for the World”，Game指的是足球运动。该标题妙在不定冠词“A”的使用上，它指“一项”，同时也暗含着“统一，同一”的意味，暗示足球运动是一项世界各地人们都热爱的运动，同时也是一项使人们团结友爱的运动。 These days，football is one of the most popular sports in the world. Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world！ The history of the game goes back① over two thousand years to Ancient China. It was then known as cuju (kick ball)，a game using a ball of animal skins with hair inside. Goals② were hung in the air.Football as we know it today started in Great Britain，where the game was given new rules. Given that引导条件状语从句，given that表示“鉴于，考虑到”。 that引导宾语从句。 作cuju(kick ball)的同位语，using a．..inside为现在分词短语作定语，修饰a game。 as引导方式状语从句。 where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Great Britain。 ①go back (to)追溯到，回溯到 [近义]　date back (to)，date from ②goal /ɡəʊl/ n．[C]球门；射门；目标 set/achieve a goal 设定/达到目标 一项世界运动 足球是现今世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。考虑到尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想带着足球登月，我们甚至可以说它是这个世界上最受欢迎的运动了！这项运动的历史可以追溯到两千多年前的古代中国。当时，这项运动被称作“蹴鞠”(意为“踢球”)，使用的球是由动物皮革填充毛发制成的，而球门是悬挂在空中的。我们现在所熟知的足球起源于英国，在那里，这项运动被赋予了新的规则。 That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis③ of its popularity④.It is also a game that is very cheap to play. You don't need expensive equipment⑤；even the ball doesn't have to cost much money.All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content⑥ with a ball made of plastic bags； just like Pelé did when he was a boy. that引导主语从句。that引导主语从句时只起连接作用，不充当成分，没有实际含义，但是不能省略。 see kids playing 是“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，此处用现在分词短语作宾语补足语，表示主动和动作正在进行，意为“看见某人正在做某事”。过去分词短语made of plastic bags作后置定语，修饰a ball。 ③basis /'beIsIs/ n．[sing.]原因；基础；根据 ④popularity n．[U]受欢迎，普及，流行 gain/grow/increase in popularity 开始流行 ⑤equipment /I'kwIpmənt/ n．[U]装备，设备，用具 a piece of equipment 一件设备 ⑥to one's heart's content 尽情地，心满意足地 content /kən'tent/ n．[U]满意，满足 足球是一项如此简单的运动，这或许是它得以流行起来的基础。它也是一项花费很少的运动。你无需昂贵的装备，甚至球本身也不用花很多钱。在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们用塑料袋制成的足球尽情地玩耍，就像贝利小时候那样。 Another factor⑦ behind football's global popularity is the creativity⑧ and excitement on the field. It is fun enough to attract millions of people. You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players—how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend⑨ can be amazing to see—or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist . 动词不定式短语作结果状语。 解释说明职业球员的技巧，其中how they use...defend为how引导的主语从句。 10 现在分词短语作定语，修饰a game。 ⑦factor /'fæktə/ n．[C]因素，要素 a deciding/determining factor 决定性因素 ⑧creativity n．[U]创造性，创造力 [词链]　create (vt.创造)—creation (n.[U]创造)—creative (adj.创造的，有创造力的)—creativity (n.) ⑨defend /dI'fend/ vi.& vt.(在比赛中)防守，防卫；保卫，防御 defend...against/from... 保卫/保护……免受……之害 defend against... 抵御…… ⑩twist /twIst/ n．[C](形势或事态的)意外转折；扭，拧；曲折处 vi.& vt.扭动(身体)；(使)弯曲 足球得以风靡世界的另一因素是(这项运动)在球场上展示出来的创造力和激情。它充满乐趣，足以吸引数百万人。你(即便)不是球迷，也会赞赏职业球员的球技——他们利用自己的身体传球、得分和防守的绝技让人叹为观止——或者对一场结局有意外转折的比赛感到激动不已。 What's more，football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate：it does not require⑪ words, but everyone understands it. It breaks down⑫ walls and brings people together⑬ on and off the field⑭. 11 Take, for example⑮，the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914.World War Ⅰ had broken out⑯ months before，but British and German soldiers put down⑰ their guns and played football together—one moment of peace to remember 12 during years of conflict⑱. 11 [修辞手法]　本句使用了隐喻的修辞手法。walls暗指人们之间的误解、敌意、冲突和隔阂。 12 不定式作后置定语，修饰one moment of peace。 ⑪require vt.需要；要求，规定 ⑫break down 破坏，消除(人与人之间的隔阂等) ⑬bring sb.together 使某人团结起来 ⑭on and off the field 场内外 field n．[C]运动场；田地，田野；(研究或工作的)领域，范围 in the fields 在田间 in the field of 在……行业内 ⑮take...for example 以……为例 ⑯break out 爆发，突然发生 ⑰put down 放下；记下 ⑱conflict /'kɒnflIkt/ n．[C，U]武装冲突，战斗，战争 此外，足球已经成了人们最佳的沟通方式之一：它无需话语，但人人都能明白。它可以消除隔阂，将球场内外的人们凝聚在一起。以1914年圣诞节的那场著名的足球比赛为例。虽然第一次世界大战在几个月前就爆发了，但英国和德国士兵仍然放下枪支，一起踢起了足球，这成为战乱年代值得纪念的和平时刻。 “Some people believe football is a matter of life and death⑲，...”said Bill Shankly, the famous footballer and manager. “ I can assure⑳ you it is much，much more important than that.” This might sound funny，but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like㉑ a football 13 . 13 不定式结构作结果状语，其中that引导的宾语从句作realise的宾语。 ⑲a matter of life and death 生死攸关的事 death /deθ/ n．[C]死，死亡 ⑳assure /ə'ʃʊə/ vt.向……保证，使确信；确保，保证 assure sb.of sth.向某人保证某事 ㉑be shaped like... 形状像…… “有些人认为足球攸关生死……”著名的足球运动员和教练比尔·香克利说，“我可以向你保证，足球比生死重要得多。”这听起来可能很滑稽，但是，一个人只要想一想地球，就会意识到我们的星球的形状跟足球一样。 [人物小传] Neil Armstrong was born in the US in 1930.He was the commander of the Apollo 11 manned lunar landing mission，and was the first man to step on the lunar surface. [文化采风] Cuju was an ancient football game in China.It's a form of sport and entertainment which was influential in China for more than 2，000 years.In the Chinese language，cu means “to kick” and ju means “a ball made of leather”．Therefore，cuju literally (字面上) means “to kick a ball with the foot”． Part 2　语篇研析   1．Match the main ideas to the paragraphs. A．Football is one of the best ways for people to communicate. B．Football enjoys popularity all over the world. C．Football is so important that it counts for much in people's life. D．Football is a game with creativity and excitement. E．Football is a simple and cheap game to play. 答案：Para.1 B；Para.2 E；Para.3 D；Para.4 A；Para.5 C 2．What's the main idea of the text? A．Football is simple to play. B．Football can bring us excitement. C．Football can help people to communicate. D．Football enjoys its popularity all over the world. 答案：D 1．What do we know about the earliest football according to the text? A．It's a ball made of plastic bags. B．It's a ball made of animal skins with hair inside. C．It's a ball in the shape of the Earth. D．It's a large round ball made of leather and filled with air. 答案：B 2．Why did the soldiers put down their guns during the World War Ⅰ？ A．To celebrate victory. B．To play football games. C．To have a rest. D．To show their eagerness for peace. 答案：B 3．What is Bill Shankly's attitude towards football? A．Positive.　　　　　 B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Different. 答案：A 4．What does the author want to say in the last paragraph? A．Football is much more than just a sport. B．Football is a matter of life and death. C．Football is more important than other sports. D．Football is important because our planet is shaped like a football. 答案：A 1．Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules. [句式分析]　本句中“as we know it today”是as引导的____________状语从句；where引导________________从句，修饰先行词Great Britain。 [翻译]　 _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 方式 非限制性定语 我们现在所熟知的足球起源于英国，在那里，这项运动被赋予了新的规则。 2．This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the Earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football. [句式分析]　本句中but为____________连词，连接前后两个句子，表示转折；“to realise...like a football”为动词不定式作____________；“that our planet is shaped like a football”是that引导的____________从句。 [翻译]　 _______________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 并列 结果状语 宾语 这听起来可能很滑稽，但是，一个人只要想一想地球，就会意识到我们的星球的形状跟足球一样。 These days, football is fun enough to attract millions of people.It has 1.____________ history of over two thousand years.Football can go back to Ancient China，when it 2.____________ (know) as cuju, a game using a ball of animal 3.____________ (skin) with hair inside. a was known skins It's generally a game to play cheaply and easily.All over the world you can see kids playing 4.____________ their hearts' content with a ball 5.____________ (make) of plastic bags.By playing it, people can show their wonderful and 6.____________ (profession) football skill, using their bodies to pass, score and defend.Besides, this sport breaks 7.____________ walls and brings people together on and off the field.It has become one of the best ways for people 8.________________ (communicate). to made professional down to communicate In a word, football is a game with both creativity 9.____________ excitement.It is considered to be a matter of life and 10.____________ (die).It is much more than just a sport. and death 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Baseball was always where my heart lay.However, my father did not care for baseball.Two recreational activities he enjoyed were golfing and fishing, neither of which I considered a real sport.He didn't talk much and he wasn't good at expressing himself.Frankly, I wasn't entirely certain he cared about me.In a way, my father was like a familiar stranger I saw every day. One day, watching the play on television made me want a glove of my own.To my surprise, my father said he wanted one, too.He was on the portly side, but then again, one famous pitcher (投手) was even fatter.So I thought, why not? We bought two gloves, and that evening, he suggested we go out to the courtyard and toss (掷) the ball around.I'd already practiced catching and throwing at school, but I could tell this was the first time for my father, because every time he caught the ball, it landed directly in his palm.If you've ever caught a ball with a baseball glove, you know how much this hurts. But my father caught ball after ball this way.Slap! Slap! He winced (龇牙咧嘴).After about five minutes, I told him I'd had enough.It wasn't out of mercy, but for my own self-interest.Neighborhood kids were watching and would no doubt tease me later for having an old man who didn't know how to properly catch a baseball do that.When my father took the glove off, his palm was red and swollen (肿胀的). Dad, who passed away 11 years ago, never told me he loved me.But that sound of the baseball landing in the soft flesh of his hand, over and over again，spoke its own tender language, though at the time, all I felt was shame. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者回忆父亲陪自己打棒球的经历，表达了父亲对作者深深的爱。 2 3 1 4 1．Why did the father want a glove? A．Because he was interested in baseball. B．Because he was impressed by the play on television. C．Because he wanted to show his improvement in baseball. D．Because he wanted to make the author happy. 答案：D 推理判断题。第一段提到父亲不喜欢棒球，而且是一个不善言辞的人，下文中提到他甘愿当作者的陪练，由此可推知，父亲想要一副棒球手套的原因是他想让作者开心。 2 3 1 4 2．What does the underlined word “portly” mean in paragraph 2? A．Experienced.　　　　 B．Cool. C．Famous. D．Fat. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的even fatter可知，父亲是一个体形偏胖的人，所以portly意为“发胖的”。 2 3 1 4 3．What can we learn from the text? A．The father didn't feel hurt when catching the ball. B．The father didn't understand his child at all. C．The author didn't realise his father's love at first. D．The author criticized his father when playing. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者当时觉得父亲是一个熟悉的陌生人，这说明作者最初没有意识到父亲对自己的爱。 2 3 1 4 4．What could be the best title for the text? A．A Crying Shame for Baseball B．The Sound of Love C．A Loving Father and His Son D．Love That Comes Late 答案：B 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段的内容可知，文章讲述了作者的父亲陪作者打棒球的经历，棒球落在父亲手掌上的声音表现出父亲对作者深深的爱，故B项最适合作为文章的标题。 2 3 1 4 B Most people think that regular exercise does health wonders for people, but what exactly are its health benefits? To start with，research suggests regular exercise can help make people's body strong.It helps cut down on the number of different diseases people face each year.Regular exercise throughout the year helps the working quality of people's heart become better and lowers blood pressure. During exercise，people's heart must work harder so that it can make blood go throughout the body.This extra effort makes it grow stronger over the long term. Exercise has a good effect on people's mind and spirit too. If you are suffering from stress and sadness，regular gentle exercise is one way to improve your full sense of happiness. The way that exercise improves people's mental state is by moving away the bad effect of stress that swims into their bodies, helping them find deep calm. Some studies even show that exercise keeps people's skin fit. Exercise helps keep skin cells alive and healthy by increasing blood flow. Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to working cells throughout the body, including the skin. In addition to providing oxygen，the blood flow also helps carry away waste products. You can think of it just like cleaning your skin from the inside. However, we should know that when suffering from an illness, we should try not to finish all our plans for exercise. The body needs time to recover. Strong exercise can be harmful to the immune system (免疫系统) when it is already under pressure. Instead, take a gentle walk when you are falling ill to help recovery. Now you know the benefits of exercise and how to do it properly. What are you waiting for? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲的是定期锻炼对身体的益处以及如何正确地锻炼才会对健康真正有益。 5 6 7 8 5．Why does the writer raise a question in paragraph 1? A．To describe the writer. B．To introduce the topic. C．To develop a new idea. D．To show the writer's doubt. 答案：B 推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段中的“To start with, research suggests regular exercise can help make people's body strong.”可推断，第一段提出问题是为了引出文章所要讲的主题。故选B项。 5 6 7 8 6．What's the benefit of regular exercise in paragraph 2? A．It builds a strong body. B．It causes the spread of diseases. C．It influences the mind and body. D．It plays a role in skin cleaning. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“To start with, research suggests regular exercise can help make people's body strong.”可知，本段所提到的定期锻炼所带来的益处是它可以使身体变强壮。故选A项。 5 6 7 8 7．How does exercise improve people's mental state according to the text? A．By moving away waste in blood. B．By helping them find deep calm. C．By making them get close to stress. D．By cleaning the skin from the inside. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，锻炼可以通过帮助人们找到内心深处的平静来改善人们的精神状态。故选B项。 5 6 7 8 8．What's the best title for the text? A．The Benefits of Regular Exercise B．A Study on Living Happily C．The Method of Being Strong D．Tips on Doing Regular Exercise 答案：A 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和最后一段可知，文章主要介绍了定期锻炼带给人们的益处。故选A项。 5 6 7 8 $$