U3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking & -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第四册 UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION Period 2　Reading and Thinking & Build up your vocabulary—Language Points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 词汇识记 1．tale n．故事；叙述 She unfolded her tale to us. 她向我们倾吐了她的故事。 2．merchant n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的 He was a merchant and he had been in business in Japan for many years. 他是一位商人，已经在日本经商多年。 3．set sail 起航；开航 After the College Entrance Examination, we will bid farewell to each other and set sail for an unknown future. 高考结束后，我们将告别彼此并启航驶向未知的未来。 4．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长 There are plans to extend the no－smoking area. 现已有扩大无烟区的计划。 5．negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商     Participating in extra－curricular activities enables us to learn to negotiate and cooperate with fellow students. 参加课外活动可以让我们学习如何与同学进行协商与合作。 negotiation n．谈判；磋商；协商 6．behold vt.(beheld，beheld)看；看见 Her face was a joy to behold. 她的容貌十分悦目。 7．league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛   These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league of their own at that time. 这些船队在当时蔚为壮观，独领风骚。 in a league of one's own独领风骚 8．royal adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的 n．王室成员 The royal wedding was an occasion of great festivity. 皇室婚礼是喜庆的盛事。 9．spice n．(调味)香料     Variety is the spice of life. 变化是生活的调味品。 spicy adj.加有香料的；辛辣的 10．withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离     The company has decided to withdraw from some of its sports sponsorship. 这家公司已经决定撤销部分体育项目的赞助。 withdraw from退出；撤回 11．channel n．航道；海峡；频道；途径；渠道 The newsletter is a useful channel of communication between teacher and students. 发简讯是师生沟通的有益渠道。 12．bond n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 The experience created a very special bond between us. 这个经历使我们之间产生了一种很特殊的关系。 13．in hand 在手头；可供使用 What he said has no direct relevance to the matter in hand. 他所说的话与眼下的事没有直接关系。 14．politics n．政治；政治观点     His politics are extreme. 他的政治观点偏激。 political adj.政治的 politician n．政治家；政客 15．profession n．职业；行业     They're both doctors by profession. 他们两人的职业都是医生。 professional adj.职业的；专业的；专门的 n．专业人员 16．tournament n．锦标赛；联赛 He was knocked out of the tournament in the third round. 他在锦标赛的第三轮被淘汰出局。 17．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物     The city is a mixture of old and new buildings. 这座城市是新老建筑兼而有之。 mix v．混合 mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的 18．laptop n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑 What do you think of the keyboard on this laptop? 你觉得这种笔记本电脑的键盘怎么样？ 19．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围     The media coverage was shocking. 媒体的报道糟透了。 cover n．封面；盖子；套子；表面 v．覆盖；涉及；包含；报道 20．press conference记者招待会；新闻发布会 The President will be giving a press conference this afternoon. 总统今天下午将举行记者招待会。 默写练习 【限时：20分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ n．故事；叙述 2．____________ n．商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的 3．____________ vt.看；看见 4．____________ n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛 5．____________ adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的 tale merchant behold league royal 6．____________ n．航道；海峡；频道 7．____________ n．纽带；关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 8．____________ n．锦标赛；联赛 9．____________ n．笔记本电脑；便携式电脑 channel bond tournament laptop 10．____________ vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→____________ adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的→____________ n．扩大；延伸 11．____________ vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商→____________ n．谈判；磋商；协商 12．____________ n．政治；政治观点→____________ adj.政治的→____________ n．政治家 extend　 extensive　 extension negotiate　 negotiation politics　 political　 politician 13．____________ vi.& vt.(使)撤回；撤离→____________ n．退出；撤走；取款(额)；脱瘾期 14．____________ n．职业；行业→____________ adj.专业的；职业的→____________ n．教授；讲师；教员 15．____________ n．混合；结合体；混合物→____________ vt.配制；混淆；使混合→____________ adj.混合的；人员混杂的 16．____________ n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→____________ vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖 withdraw　 withdrawal profession　 professional　 professor mixture　 mix　 mixed coverage　 cover Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The famous ____________ delivered a ____________ guidance to the graduates, which would benefit them greatly, especially in their future ____________．(profession) 2．Facing such an event，I have ____________ emotions.I feel a strange ____________ of excitement and fear.(mix) 3．As a journalist，it's your duty to ____________ the facts and you are responsible for your ____________．(cover) professor　 professional　 professions mixed　 mixture cover　 coverage 4．After several rounds of ____________， the two parties finally managed to ____________a settlement that satisfied both sides.(negotiate) 5．The teacher provided an ____________ review of the course material and offered to ____________ the deadline for submitting the final project, giving students a two－week ____________．(extend) negotiation　 negotiate extensive　 extend　 extension Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．________________ 起航；开航 2．____________________ 独领风骚 3．________________ 退出；撤回 4．____________ 在手头；可供使用 5．____________________ 形成……的基础 set sail in a league of one's own withdraw from　 in hand form the foundation of 6．____________________ 在……的领导下 7．____________ 伸出 8．________________________________ 增强……和……的联系 9．________________ 为……的利益 10．____________________ 从一个……的角度来看 under the command of reach out strengthen the bonds between...and... for the benefit of from a．..point of view Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．________________ the swimming competition because of a serious injury made him frustrated. 2．The Belt and Road initiative greatly ________________________ China __________ other countries. 3．Nothing can prevent him from exploiting the sea，he _________ again after a short rest. Withdrawing from strengthens the bonds between　 and set sail　 4．The three regiments are all ______________________ you. 5．With many good qualities，our monitor is _________________ in every aspect. under the command of　 in a league of his own 词汇精研 1.set sail起航；开航 [教材原文] However，merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.然而，东方的商人和探险家们早在哥伦布首次航行前很多年就已经开始从东半球向西半球航行了。 set sail for开船；起航前往…… set sail from从……起航 set foot on踏上；踏足于 set aside留出 set off动身；出发；引爆；引发 set out to do sth.开始做某事 set about doing sth.着手做某事 set up建立；树立 set down写下；放下；记下 (1)The captain announced that the ship was ready, and we were about to set sail ____________ the Pacific. (2)The sound of firecrackers was set ____________ instantly, announcing the arrival of the New Year. (3)I deliberately set ____________ some time every week to do sports and keep fit. (4)We decided to set ____________ a new branch company next month to expand our business. for off aside up (5)他们着手打扫厨房，而他们的父亲帮忙做早餐。 →They ________________________________ while their father helped make breakfast. →They ________________________________ while their father helped make breakfast. set about cleaning up the kitchen　 set out to clean up the kitchen 2.extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长 [教材原文] A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka).一条横跨海洋的贸易路线也沿着印度洋海岸延伸开来，以锡兰(现在的斯里兰卡)为中心。 ·extend...to...提供；给予 extend...by 延长了 extend one's heartfelt gratitude to 由衷感谢 ·extension n．延长；扩大 extensive adj.广泛的，广大的 (1)Hearing that our holiday would ____________ (extend) by two days，we couldn't conceal our inner excitement and jumped for joy. (2)Every day I will read the English newspaper，Youth，for half an hour，and I benefit a lot from such ____________ (extend) reading. be extended extensive (3)He first entered the country on a six－month visa, and was given a further ____________ (extend) of six months. (4)我很荣幸能在这里代表我们学校对你们表示热烈的欢迎。 I'm honored to be here __________________________________ on behalf of our school. extension to extend a warm welcome to you 3.negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商 [教材原文] Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.在这里，来自中国和许多其他地方的商人聚在一起洽谈贸易，也增进了对彼此文化的了解。 ·negotiate with sb.for/about sth.与某人协商某事 negotiate a deal/contract/treaty/settlement 达成交易；确立合同；商定条约内容/解决措施 ·negotiation n．谈判；磋商；协商 in negotiation with...与……协商 under negotiation 在商讨之中 (1)After long hours of ____________ (negotiate), the two parties finally reached an agreement. (2)I took it for granted that he would negotiate ________ me about what to do next, but he didn't. (3)The issue is still _______ negotiation. negotiation with under 4.withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离，使退出；提取；收回 [教材原文] Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.虽然中国在1433年以后就停止了进一步的海上探索，但这些陆上和海上路线在接下来的几个世纪里仍然是其他文化之间进行交流的繁忙通道。 withdraw...from...把……从……撤离/撤回；从……中取出…… withdrawal n．撤走；退出；收回 (1)Henry David Thoreau was happy to withdraw ______ social life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of his life. (2)The drug _________________ (withdraw) from sale after a number of people suffered serious side effects. (3)我渴望买一台笔记本电脑，因此，我不得不从银行取些钱。 I have an urge to buy a laptop and thus，I have to ________________________________． from was withdrawn withdraw some money from the bank 5.in hand在手头；可供使用；在控制之中 [教材原文] Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.数百年过去了，在掌握了最新的科学技术的情况下，未来中国将不断探索海洋，进一步促进贸易，加强与其他国家的联系。 hand in hand 手拉手；齐头并进 by hand 手工 at hand 近在手边；在附近 on (the) one hand...；on the other hand...一方面……；另一方面…… (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)There, you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup—and the wrappers are pressed _______ hand rather than rolled. (2)Meanwhile, you'd better keep a dictionary close _____ hand so that you can look up unfamiliar words in it. (3)The Olympic organizers say that matters are well ________ hand. (4)As the old saying goes, success and failure always go hand _____ hand.  by at in in 6.mixture n．混合物；混合；结合体 [教材原文] Reaching out across the sea is often a mixture of danger and boredom.远渡重洋往往是危险和无聊的混合体。 ·mix vt.& vi.混合；调配；混淆；弄乱 mix A with/and B　把A和B混在一起 ·mixed adj.混合的；混杂的 (1)We listened to the news with a ____________ (mix) of surprise and horror. (2)The chef mixed the chopped vegetables ____________ the cooked rice to create a delicious stir－fry. (3)With ____________ (mix) feelings on her mind, she doesn't know what to do next. mixed mixture with/and 句式剖析 1.what引导宾语从句 [教材原文] In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。 ·what引导的宾语从句放在介词或动词之后，从句中使用陈述语序； ·what既具有疑问的意思，意为“什么”，也可表示“……的事物/样子/时间/地点/数量”等，此时what 不具有疑问含义； ·what在从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语，当what不具有疑问含义时，在结构上相当于“the＋名词＋that/which”引导的定语从句。 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)After a heated discussion that lasted for ____________ seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car. (2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I truly understood ____________I had accomplished was not just about winning a contest, but about realizing my own potential. what　 what (3)A tall building arose in a place which was a wasteland. →A tall building arose in ____________________．(what引导宾语从句) (4)小女孩吓得不敢说话，似乎在那儿站了几个小时。 The young girl was too frightened to speak，standing there for ____________________． what was a wasteland what seemed like hours 2.with复合结构 [教材原文] Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand，the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.数百年过去了，在掌握了最新的科学技术的情况下，未来中国将不断探索海洋，进一步促进贸易，加强与其他国家的联系。 “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”构成的复合结构除了在句中作状语外，还可以作定语。主要结构如下： (1)I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes ________ (fix) on the ceiling. (2)With my teacher ____________ (help) me，my English has greatly improved. (3)眼里含着泪水，他扑向了我。 ________________________，he threw himself into my arms. fixed helping With tears in his eyes (4)这个男孩低着头站在那儿。 The boy stood there ____________________________________． (5)没有人可以求助，他很难摆脱现在的窘境。 ________________________________，he had difficulty getting rid of the present dilemma. with his head down With no one to turn to 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The aim of the activity is ____________ (strengthen) the bonds between China and Ireland. 2．If you have your lecture notes or the article ____ hand, you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you. 3．Two hours ago，the salesman entered the restaurant out of ____________ (curious). to strengthen in curiosity 4．The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond ____________ the work is based on our present mental register. 5．The ____________ (negotiate) broke down because one side refused to play the game. 6．What was it that caused the butcher to withdraw ____________ the seemingly beneficial event? with negotiation from 7．I learned a lot about how ____________ (extend) the life of objects and transform them into something new and useful. 8．The fleet will set sail ____________ Africa to send some machines that help build railways. 9．All ____________ (channel) of communication need to be kept open if the question is to be solved. 10．The student completed this experiment to make come true ____________ Professor Joseph had said. to extend for channels what Ⅱ.选词填空 search for, in hand, set sail, in return for, for the benefit of, withdraw from 1．Let's finish the job ____________ first before we start something new. 2．The rescue workers removed the bricks and stones with bare hands to ____________ any survivors in the earthquake. 3．The explorer ____________ for the Antarctic in search of some unknown wildlife. in hand search for set sail 4．____________ his kind help，she treated him to lunch. 5．He was thinking about ______________________ the difficult online course. 6．The warning sign was put there ________________ the public. In return for　 withdrawing from for the benefit of Ⅲ.完成句子 1．我要由衷感谢全体老师，他们这些年来为我们付出了很多。(extend) I would like ________________________________________， who have done so much for us over the years. 2．手头有了足够的资料，我们可以按照安排开始执行我们的计划了。(in hand) ________________________，we can set out to carry out our plan as scheduled. to extend my heartfelt thanks to all my teachers Having enough data in hand 3．(2022·全国乙卷)学生可以选择自己喜欢的内容来丰富自己的英语学习经历。(what引导宾语从句) Students can choose __________________ to enrich their English－learning experiences. 4．他所说的话让在场的每一个人都不高兴，因此，我要求他收回他说的话，并道歉。(withdraw) What he said made all the people present unhappy.So I asked him to __________________________ and apologize. what they like withdraw his remarks 5．所有国家已经在商讨如何适度开发海洋。(negotiate) ______________________________________ how to exploit the sea moderately. All the countries have been negotiating about 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The travelers decided to ____________ (延长) their visit to see more about the beautiful country. 2．We have been ____________ (谈判)with these merchants for the fair distribution of goods. 3．Complaints must be made through the proper and legal ____________ (途径). extend negotiating channels 4．Please observe the ____________ (混合物) and write down what you will have seen. 5．The tennis player ____________ (退出) from several tournaments as a result of injury. 6．I don't want to get involved in office ____________ (政治). 7．We enjoyed watching folk dances and listening to folk songs and ____________ (故事). mixture withdrew politics tales 8．Most media ____________ (新闻报道)disapproves of the travellers' lifestyle and values. 9．Zheng He, with his ____________ (舰队), came across the Indian Ocean, and arrived at the east coast of Africa. 10．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, ____________ (专业地) presented manuscript (原稿). coverage fleets professionally Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．At present, the pilots are negotiating ____________ the airline managers. 2．(2024·浙江1月卷)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart ____________ (pound) and legs ____________ (shake). 3．The head teacher has extended an invitation _____ the Prime Minister to visit the school. with pounding　 shaking to 4．I found an old man lying on the ground and I took him to hospital in a taxi immediately，____________ was why I was late that morning. 5．This has been my worst time for injuries since I started as a ____________ (profession) player. 6．____________ is no need for you to apologize for being late because I am late, too. which professional There Ⅲ.完成句子 1．由于没有人可以倾诉，约翰感到很痛苦。 ____________________，John felt miserable. 2．我们为我们的公司、产品和服务感到非常自豪，同时我们欢迎你。 We take great pride in our company, products and services, and we ____________________ you. With no one to talk to extend our welcome to 3．如果您住在我们酒店，您就不需要带牙刷或毛巾。 If you are staying in our hotel，_______________________________ _________________________． 4．一座现代化的城市在十年前还是一块废墟的地方建立起来了。 A modern city has been set up in ______________________________． 5．他帮助别人并不期待任何回报。 He didn't expect anything __________________________． there is no need for you to bring a what was a wasteland ten years ago in return for his help toothbrush or a towel　 Ⅳ.阅读理解 A Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams.She describes herself as an ambitious, adventurous child who went to bed reading the survival guides that lived on her bedside table.Even so, James says she could never have predicted that, one day, she might be the youngest British woman to reach the summit of Mount Qomolangma. Today, James is a professional adventurer.Yet ahead of her first expedition at the age of 18, which she spent mapping the cracks of Iceland's Vatnajökull glacier with the British Exploring Society, James recalls doubting her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath.“It's only by stepping out of our comfort zone that we understand our true potential，”she explains.“That's when the magic happens.” Although James has spent a significant part of her life exploring some of the most remote landscapes in the world, when it comes to traveling, she believes that there are numerous ways for everyone to push their boundaries, other than by undertaking physical challenges.James also encourages would－be adventurers not to be put off by the stereotypical image of the rugged, hardy explorer.“I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring something to an expedition，” she says. Sometimes, she adds, it's only out in the field that someone's hidden talents emerge.A diverse team can be key to a successful trip, particularly given the role of exploration in today's world.“Historically, exploration has been about people finding nature's hardest obstacles and trying to either overcome them, or beat them，” says James.“But now, for me at least, exploration is about connecting, not conquering.It's about our connection to the living world around us, it's about sharing its importance once we've returned and it's about figuring out how to do adventure sustainably.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tori James从小喜欢探险，长大后成为专业的探险家，从而也形成了自己对探险旅行的独特见解。 1．What do we know about James? A．She was once doubted to be a professional adventurer. B．She enjoys reading thrilling adventure survival stories. C．She was a child with big dreams and a desire for exploration. D．She might be the youngest woman to conquer Mount Qomolangma. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“She describes herself as an ambitious, adventurous child who went to bed reading the survival guides that lived on her bedside table.”可知，James小时候是个怀揣远大梦想且热衷于探索的孩子。 2 3 1 4 2．What would James probably agree with according to paragraph 3? A．Few ways are there for us to push our boundaries. B．Future explorers are supposed to venture bravely. C．Exploring remote landscapes in the world is of significance. D．Support and skills are sure to bring out the best of explorers. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“James also encourages would－be adventurers not to be put off by the stereotypical image of the rugged, hardy explorer.”可知，James认为未来的探险家应该勇敢地冒险。 2 3 1 4 3．What might be the value of exploration nowadays? A．To make the most of people's hidden talent. B．To overcome the possible hardest obstacles. C.To figure out how to have a successful adventure. D．To engage in sustainable interactions with nature. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“But now, for me at least, exploration is about connecting, not conquering.It's about our connection to the living world around us, it's about sharing its importance once we've returned and it's about figuring out how to do adventure sustainably.”可知，与自然进行可持续的互动可能是当今探索的价值所在。 2 3 1 4 4．What might be the best title for the text? A．Born to Be Adventurers B．Connecting the Living World C．James's Amazing Expeditions D．Adventurer James's Travel Insights 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：标题归纳题。结合全文尤其是文章第三段的内容和最后一段中的“‘Historically, exploration has been about people finding nature's hardest obstacles and trying to either overcome them, or beat them，’ says James.‘But now, for me at least, exploration is about connecting, not conquering.It's about our connection to the living world around us, it's about sharing its importance once we've returned and it's about figuring out how to do adventure sustainably.’”可知，文章主要讲述了James对探险旅行的独特见解。故D项最适合作为文章的标题。 2 3 1 4 B If a diver surfaces too quickly, he may suffer the bends.Nitrogen (氮) dissolved in his blood is suddenly liberated by the reduction of pressure.The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡) accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name.If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death. Other air－breathing animals also suffer this decompression (减压) sickness if they surface too fast: whales, for example.And so, long ago, did ichthyosaurs (鱼龙).That these ancient sea animals got the bends can be seen from their bones.If bubbles of nitrogen form inside the bone they can cut off its blood supply.This kills the cells in the bone, and consequently weakens it, sometimes to the point of collapse.Fossil bones that have caved in on themselves are thus a sign that the animal once had the bends. Bruce Rothschild of the University of Kansas knew all this when he began a study of ichthyosaur bones to find out how widespread the problem was in the past.What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years.To this end, he and his colleagues traveled the world's natural－history museums, looking at hundreds of ichthyosaurs from the Triassic period and from the later Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. When he started, he assumed that signs of the bends would be rarer in younger fossils, reflecting their gradual evolution of measures to deal with decompression.Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite.More than 15% of Jurassic and Cretaceous ichthyosaurs had, suffered the bends before they died, but not a single Triassic specimen (标本) showed evidence of that sort of injury. If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti－decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards.But that is not what Dr.Rothschild thinks happened.He suspects it was evolution in other animals that caused the change. Whales that suffer the bends often do so because they have surfaced to escape a predator (捕食动物) such as a large shark.One of the features of Jurassic oceans was an abundance of large sharks and crocodiles, both of which were fond of ichthyosaur lunches.Triassic oceans, by contrast, were mercifully shark－ and crocodile－ free.In the Triassic, then, ichthyosaurs were top of the food chain.In the Jurassic and Cretaceous, they were prey (猎物) as well as predator—and often had to make a speedy exit as a result. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对鱼龙等海洋生物变弯曲的原因的研究。 5．Which of the following is a typical symptom of the bends? A．A twisted body. B．A drop in blood pressure. C．A gradual decrease in blood supply. D．A sudden release of nitrogen in blood. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The consequence, if the bubbles accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body—thus the name.If the bubbles form in his lungs or his brain, the consequence can be death.”可知，遭遇减压病的症状是剧烈的疼痛和扭曲的身体。 6 7 5 8 6．The purpose of Rothschild's study is to see ． A．why ichthyosaurs bent their bodies B．when ichthyosaurs broke their bones C．how often ichthyosaurs caught the bends D．how ichthyosaurs adapted to decompression 答案：D 6 7 5 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What he particularly wanted to investigate was how ichthyosaurs adapted to the problem of decompression over the 150 million years.”可知，Rothschild教授的研究目的是鱼龙如何适应减压问题。 6 7 5 8 7．Rothschild's finding stated in paragraph 4 ． A．confirmed his assumption B．disagreed with his assumption C．changed his research objectives D．speeded up his research process 答案：B 6 7 5 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Instead, he was astonished to discover the opposite.”可知，研究结果与他原本的假设相反。 6 7 5 8 8．Rothschild might have concluded that ichthyosaurs ． A．failed to evolve an anti－decompression means B．died out because of large sharks and crocodiles C．gradually developed measures against the bends D．evolved an anti－decompression means but soon lost it 答案：A 6 7 5 8 解析：推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“If ichthyosaurs did evolve an anti－decompression means, they clearly did so quickly—and, most strangely, they lost it afterwards.”可推知，Rothschild可能已经得出结论：鱼龙类生物未能进化出反减压器官。 6 7 5 8 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 Travel is an important part of your life, and it will make a comeback soon.Here are the most powerful benefits of traveling, including health, happiness, and more! 1 From running to get to airports and train stations to hiking along the beach to get some vitamin D, there are some reasons why travel is beneficial to your health.According to a study, travel decreases the risks of heart attacks and makes your brain healthy. Travel can contribute to your happiness. 2 If you can go out and escape from your work, lessons or any other things possibly weighing you down, you will surely have a smile on your face.Travel will also leave you with a longer－lasting sense of happiness. Travel relieves stress and anxiety.According to a trial conducted by Austrian researchers and published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, one of the great travel benefits is that it can reduce stress level and anxiety.Even just one short vacation has positive effects on your emotions. 3 Travel enables you to experience new things.When you travel, you are stepping outside your comfort zone, for one thing. 4 Even if your destination is relatively nearby (across the country rather than internationally), you can learn something new. Travel can improve your creativity.Are you a student, artist, writer, photographer, advertising manager, or video game designer struggling with coming up with your next great idea？ 5 So head on to book some international flight tickets if you're considering improving your creativity. A．Travel makes you healthy. B．Travel can improve brain activity. C．An outing enables you to get away from daily things. D．You are still experiencing new things, for another thing. E．And the good effects last quite a while after you get home. F．Don't come up with new ideas on the journey to foreign countries. G．No matter who you are, travel can help you become more creative. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了旅行的好处。 1．答案：A 解析：根据下文“From running to get to airports and train stations to hiking along the beach to get some vitamin D, there are some reasons why travel is beneficial to your health.”可知，本段主要讲述旅行对健康的好处，A项“旅行让你变得健康”符合语境。 2．答案：C 解析：根据下文“If you can go out and escape from your work, lessons or any other things possibly weighing you down, you will surely have a smile on your face.”可知，旅行可以让人走出家门，远离日常事务，C项“旅行能使你远离日常琐事”与下文联系紧密。 3．答案：E 解析：上文“Even just one short vacation has positive effects on your emotions.”提到即使是一次短暂的旅行也有积极的影响，E项“而且这种积极的影响在你回家后还会持续很长一段时间”符合语境，E项中的“good effects”与上文的“positive effects”呼应。 4．答案：D 解析：根据下文“Even if your destination is relatively nearby (across the country rather than internationally), you can learn something new.”可知，此处说的是另一方面也能经历新事物，D项“另一方面，你还在经历新的事物”符合语境，D项中的“for another thing”与上文“for one thing”呼应。 5．答案：G 解析：根据下文“So head on to book some international flight tickets if you're considering improving your creativity.”可知，旅行能够提高创造力，G项“无论你是谁，旅行都能让你变得更有创造力”符合语境。 $$