U2 Period 2 Reading and Thinking-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第三册 UNIT 2　HEALTHY　LIFESTYLE Period 2　Reading and Thinking—Language Points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课堂检测 素养达标 课时作业 巩固提升 词汇识记 1．tobacco n．烟草；烟叶 Some teenagers are involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse and that results in physical and mental health problems. 一些青少年吸烟或酗酒，导致了身体和精神健康问题。 2．alcohol n．酒；酒精 3.abuse n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 He abused his position as manager, which put him into prison. ＝The abuse of his position as manager put him into prison.滥用经理职权使他锒铛入狱。 alcoholic adj.酒精的，含酒精的 n．嗜酒如命者，酒鬼 4．physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 physically adv.身体上地 physics n．物理；物理学 5.dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势 His aggressive behavior dominated the meeting, making it difficult for others to speak. 他咄咄逼人的举止主导了会议，让其他人难以发言。 The dominant color in her painting is blue. 她画中的主色调是蓝色。 dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 6．repeatedly adv.重复地 repeated adj.重复的 repeat vt.重复 repetition n．重复 He repeatedly asked the same question.In turn, he got the repeated answer. 他反复问了同一个问题。反过来，他得到了重复性的答案。 Sometimes, it is necessary to repeat something important in the speech, but too much repetition is not so good. 有时，在演讲中有必要重复一些重要的东西，但太多的重复并不那么好。 7．psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响 psychological adj.心理学的 psychologically adv.心理学(上)地 psychologist n．心理学家 He graduated from the University of York with a degree in psychology, and then became a famous psychologist. 他毕业于约克大学，获得了心理学学位，后来成了一位著名的心理学家。 Lack of confidence is a psychological barrier to your success, so to some extent, keeping psychologically healthy is vital. 缺乏自信是阻碍你成功的一个心理障碍，所以从某种程度上来讲，保持心理健康是至关重要的。 8．cue n．提示；暗示，信号 vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示) Can you cue me/Can you give me a cue when you want me to begin speaking? 你要我开始讲话时能给我暗示一下吗？ 9．in response to回答；答复 Millions of people gave freely in response to the appeal for the victims of the earthquake. 为响应救济地震灾民的呼吁，几百万人慷慨相助。 respond vi.回答，回应 10．reward n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 rewarding adj.有益的 I'm treating myself with a piece of cake as a reward for my day of hard work. 我要用一块蛋糕犒劳自己，作为我一天辛勤工作的奖励。 Jack thought his teaching job interesting and rewarding, though it is a low-paid job. 杰克认为他的教学工作很有趣，也很有益，尽管这是一份低报酬的工作。 11．rely on依靠；依赖；信赖 You can rely on him to respond to the challenge. 你可以依赖他来应对这个挑战。 12．facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利 To be honest, the electronic dictionary can be used to facilitate language learning. 说实在的， 电子词典可以用来方便语言学习。 13．examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验 The doctor examined me carefully and told me there was nothing wrong.I sighed in relief. 医生仔细地检查了我，告诉我没有出什么问题。我松了一口气。 Tom will have an examination next week and he feels so anxious that he can't fall asleep. 汤姆下周将参加考试，他紧张得睡不着觉。 examination n．测试；检查 14．negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的 Try not to let negative and pessimistic thoughts dominate you. 尽量别让消极和悲观的想法支配你。 15．straight away立即；马上 Do it straight away because the longer you wait, the harder it will be. 马上就做，因为等得越久，就越难开始。 16．pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的 pessimism n．悲观；悲观主义 pessimist n．悲观主义者 17.discipline n．自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚 As to online learning, if students lack self-discipline, they're more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. 关于网络学习，如果学生缺乏自律，他们就很可能会沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏。 18．pill n．药片；药丸 Every pill made my insides turn upside down. 每片药都让我的胃翻江倒海。 19．delete v．删去；删除 I delete things I don't need anymore and put everything useful into the correct folder. 我删除了我不需要的东西，然后把所有有用的东西放到正确的文件夹里。 20．decide on决定；选定 I wonder what it was that made you decide on the trip to Antarctica? 我想知道到底是什么让你决定去南极洲旅行？ 21．make up one's mind下定决心 I have always been interested in photography, so I make up my mind to take a course on it. 我一直对摄影很感兴趣，所以我决定去上一门摄影课。 22．compose vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写 composer n．作曲家；作曲者 composition n．组成；作曲；作文 be composed of由……组成(或构成)的 The gifted composer composed a song in just a few minutes, which is unbelievable. 这位天才作曲家仅在几分钟内创作了一首歌曲，令人难以置信。 The committee is composed of ten members. 委员会由十名成员组成。 The composition of the soil is very important for plant growth. 土壤的构成对植物生长非常重要。 23．surgeon n．外科医生 It took the surgeon three hours to finish my mother's lung surgery. 外科医生花了三个小时才完成了我母亲的肺部手术。 surgery n．外科手术；外科学 24．liberation n．解放；摆脱 The liberation of the country took years of struggle. 经过多年斗争，这个国家获得了解放。 liberate v．解放；使摆脱约束 25．shave vi.，vt.& n．剃(须发)；刮脸 Why don't you shave off that beard and get a haircut before attending the interview? 你为什么不在参加面试前剃掉胡子，理个发呢？ shave off 剃掉；刮去 26．beard n．胡须；络腮胡子 He's had his beard shaved off and he is almost unrecognizable. 他把胡子剃光了，几乎认不出他来了。 27．disturb vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼 disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起烦恼的 disturbed adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的 disturbance n．干扰，打扰；骚乱，骚动；失调，紊乱 Hearing the disturbing news that there was a disturbance in the streets, he was disturbed. 听到街上有骚乱的令人不安的消息，他感到不安。 Don't disturb me while I'm studying. 当我学习的时候不要打扰我。 28．cigarette n．香烟；卷烟 Given our health, it is essential to avoid passive cigarette smoking. 考虑到我们的健康状况，避免被动吸烟是非常必要的。 29．specialist n．专科医生；专家 special adj.专门的；特别的 specially adv.专门地；特别地 specialize vt.专门研究(或从事)，专攻 You're a special guest, so we prepared the meal specially for you. 你是特殊的客人，因此我们专门为您准备了这顿饭。 He is a language specialist who specializes in dialects. 他是一名专攻方言的语言学专家。 30．consultant n．顾问；高级顾问医师 As an educational consultant, you can consult me about anything related to education. 作为一名教育顾问，你可以咨询我任何与教育有关的事情。 consult vt.咨询 31．drug n．毒品；药物 It is unclear whether the new drug has side effects. 目前还不清楚这种新药是否有副作用。 32．skip vt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n．蹦跳 33．lead to导致 Randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. 对学生随意分组可能会导致小组内的语言能力不均衡。 34．aside from除了……还有…… The room was empty aside from one man seated beside the fire. 这个房间别无他人，除了一个坐在火炉旁的男人。 35．after all毕竟；终究 You'd better not be too strict with her.After all，she's only a four-year-old child. 你最好不要对她太严厉。毕竟，她只是一个四岁的孩子。 默写练习 【限时：20分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ n．烟草；烟叶 2．____________n．滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 3．____________ n．提示；暗示，信号 vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示) 4．____________ vt.促进；促使；使便利 5．____________ adj.消极的；有害的；否定的 tobacco abuse cue facilitate negative 6．____________ n．自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚 7．____________n．药片；药丸 8．____________v．删去；删除 9．____________ n．胡须；络腮胡子 10．____________ n．香烟；卷烟 11．____________ n．毒品；药物 discipline pill delete beard cigarette drug 12．____________ vt.跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳 n．蹦跳 13．____________ adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→____________ adv.身体上地→____________ n．物理；物理学 14．____________ vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势→____________ adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 skip physical physically physics dominate dominant 15．____________adv.重复地→____________ adj.重复的→____________ vt.重复→____________ n．重复 16．____________ n．心理学；心理；心理影响→____________ adj.心理学的→_______________ adv.心理学(上)地→____________n．心理学家 17．____________ n．回答，回应→____________ vi.回答，回应 18．____________ n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬→____________ adj.值得的；有意义的 repeatedly repeated repeat repetition psychology psychological psychologically psychologist response respond reward rewarding 19．____________ vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验 →____________n．测试；检查 20．____________ adj.悲观的；悲观主义的→____________ n．悲观；悲观主义→____________ n．悲观主义者 21．____________ vt.& vi.组成；作曲；撰写 →____________n．作曲家；作曲者→____________ n．组成；作曲；作文 examine examination pessimistic pessimism pessimist compose composer composition 22．____________ n．外科医生→____________ n．外科手术；外科学 23．____________ n．解放；摆脱→____________ v．解放；使摆脱约束 24．____________ vt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼→____________ adj.令人不安的；引起烦恼的→__________ adj.烦恼的，心烦意乱的→____________ n．干扰，打扰；骚乱，骚动；失调，紊乱 surgeon surgery liberation liberate disturb disturbing disturbed disturbance 25．____________ n．专科医生；专家→____________adj.专门的；特别的→____________ adv.专门地；特别地→____________ vt.专门研究(或从事)，专攻 26．____________ n．顾问；高级顾问医师→____________ vt.咨询 specialist special specially specialize consultant consult Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The winners were ____________ with gifts of fruits and flowers when the ____________ activity ended.(reward) 2．I knocked on the door but there was no ___________. In other words, no one ____________ to me.(respond) 3．He is a ____________ man and you can ___________ on him to lend you a hand when you are in trouble.(rely) rewarded rewarding response responded reliable rely 4．The doctor ____________ me but didn't tell me the result of the ____________．(examine) 5．A balanced diet and ____________ activity can help us keep healthy both ____________ and mentally.(physical) 6．This is a ____________ occasion so we should________ pay attention to our behaviour.(special) 7．Tom earned a lot of money as a ____________ (consult) to that big company. examined examination physical physically special consultant specially Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．________________ 回答；答复 2．________________ 依赖；依靠；信赖 3．________________ 立即；马上 4．________________ 决定；选定 5．___________________ 下定决心 6．________________ 由……组成(或构成)的 in response to rely on/upon straight away decide on make up one's mind be composed of 7．________________ 剃掉；刮去 8．________________ 导致 9．________________ 除了……还有…… 10．________________ 毕竟；终究 shave off lead to aside from after all Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．Whenever we're in trouble, you're always the person we can ____________． 2．We finally ____________ holding a class meeting to make a plan for the activity. rely on decided on 3．We all know that water _______________ hydrogen and oxygen. 4．______________ the police's work, people who often pass by the crossroads never break the rules. 5．____________ good service, the restaurant offers various kinds of unique dishes. is composed of In response to Aside from 词汇精研 1．in response to回答；答复；对……作出反应(response n．回答；答复；反应 respond vi.回答；答复；作出反应) [教材原文] Secondly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.其次，有一个“常规”，即你根据暗示通常会采取的常规行动。 respond to回答；答复；对……作出反应 respond that 回答说…… (1)Knowing basic first－aid techniques will help you respond quickly ____________ emergencies. (2)我写信是为了回复你上次来信询问如何提高书法而给你一些建议。(应用文之建议信) I'm writing to offer you some advice __________________________ _________________________ asking how to improve calligraphy. to in response to your last letter/to respond to your last letter (3)当被要求在全班同学面前做演讲时，害羞的杰克回答说，他非常紧张，脑子里一片空白。(续写之紧张表达) When asked to give a presentation in front of the class, shy Jack __________________________________________________． responded that he was so nervous that his mind was blank 2．reward n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 (rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的) [教材原文] Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.第三，有一个“奖励”，我们从常规(活动)中得到的好东西或感觉。 (1)as a reward for作为……的报酬/奖赏 in reward for为酬谢……；作为奖励 (2)reward sb.with sth.用某物奖赏/酬谢某人 reward sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事奖赏/酬谢某人 (1)We're sure to make the activity an educational and ____________ (reward) experience. (2)I will reward you ____________ a visit to the science museum ____________ your generosity and kind help. rewarding with for (3)我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。 ①I gave him a book bought from Shanghai __________________ ． (reward n．) ②____________________ his help，I gave him a book bought from Shanghai.(reward n．) ③I ______________________ a book bought from Shanghai for his help.(reward vt.) in reward for his help As a reward for rewarded him with 3.rely on依赖；依靠；信赖 (reliable adj.可信赖的；可依靠的) [教材原文] The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.奖励使我们更有可能继续这样的循环，依赖不健康的零食的坏习惯就形成了。 rely on (sb.) doing sth.指望(某人)做某事 rely on/upon sb.to do sth.依靠/指望某人做某事 rely on/upon it that...指望…… (1)John is very ____________ (rely)—if he promises to do something, he will do it. (2)Many people now would rely on ____________ (surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news. (3)You can rely on me helping you when you are in trouble. →____________________________________________________(it作形式宾语) reliable surfing You can rely on it that I will help you when you are in trouble. 4．make up one's mind下定决心 [教材原文] We need to make up our minds and show some discipline...我们需要下定决心，表现出一些自律性…… bear/keep sth.in mind＝learn...by heart 牢记/记住…… change one's mind改变主意 bring/call...to mind记起/想起…… (1)You should always bear ____________ mind that honesty is the best policy. (2)正是那首老歌总是让我想起我的童年。 It is that old song that always ____________________________． (3)得到老师的鼓励，这个胆小的女孩决定克服羞怯，慢慢地向前面走去。 Inspired by the teacher's words, the timid girl ___________________ ____________________________ and edged towards the front. in brings my childhood to mind made up her mind to overcome her shyness 句式剖析 1．状语从句的省略 [教材原文] These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.如果任由这些坏习惯发展，当他们长大后，这些坏习惯可能会变得更严重。 (1)此句中if left unchecked是条件状语从句的省略形式，完整形式是if they are left unchecked。 (2)状语从句的省略用于以下情况： ①当when，while，before，after，unless，as等引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，通常省略从句中的主语和be动词； ②当从句的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词时，也可以将从句的主语it和be动词一起省略。 (1)我们可以在享受这些活动的同时逐渐发展更密切的友谊。(应用文之活动介绍) We can gradually develop a closer friendship ___________________ _________． (2)如果我被接受了，我可以向游客介绍中国画技巧，这可以帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。(应用文之申请信) __________________， I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, which can help them know more about Chinese culture. while enjoying these activities If accepted (3)演讲时，必要的话，你可以参考你的笔记。(应用文之建议信) When delivering a speech，________________， you can refer to your notes. if necessary 2.过去分词短语作定语 [教材原文] There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle：“We are what we repeatedly do.”有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。” (1)句中“based on the philosophy of Aristotle：‘We are what we repeatedly do.’”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词saying。 (2)及物动词的过去分词作定语，与所修饰的名词或代词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动含义。 (3)单个的过去分词作定语时，多置于所修饰词的前面，left等少数过去分词放后面；而过去分词短语作定语时，一般置于所修饰词的后面。 (1)旨在提高我们的英语口语的英语口语俱乐部正在招募新的会员，所以我写信邀请您加入我们。(应用文之邀请信) The Spoken English Club ________________________________ is recruiting new members, so I'm writing to invite you to join us. aimed at improving our oral English (2)我是为数不多的被选中作为交换生出国学习的学生之一，所以我非常确信我能胜任你们网站上刊登的工作。(应用文之申请信) I ____________________________________________ as exchange students，so I am greatly convinced that I am equal to the job advertised on your website. am one of the few students selected to study abroad (3)The project，which was designed to help the students in need，didn't work out as planned. →The project，____________________________________，didn't work out as planned.(过去分词短语作定语) designed to help the students in need 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．We are looking for someone who is __________ (rely) and hard－working. 2．Keep in mind that all your hard work will be rewarded ____________ success one day. 3．Given his honesty, you can rely on him ____________ (offer) you some practical suggestions. reliable with to offer 4．Ever since middle school, my cousin and I have made up our ____________ (mind) to cycle along the Mekong River. 5．While ____________ (pick) fruits，I realised how hard it was for farmers to work in the fields. 6．The hungry bear followed its nose to our camp ______________ (surround) by a high wire fence. minds picking surrounded Ⅱ.完成句子/一句多译 1．我想为你做些事，回报你给予我们的及时的帮助和支持。 I'd like to do something for you ______________________________ ___________． 2．我们在学习新技能时经历失败是很常见的。希望你能早日摆脱烦恼。(应用文之劝慰信) It's common for us to experience failure ______________________． Hope you can remove your trouble soon. in reward for your timely help and support while learning new skills 3．我们指望您能为我们提供一些关于策划绿色校园运动的建议。(应用文之求助信) ①We _____________________________________ on planning a Green Campus Campaign. ②We ___________________________________________ on planning a Green Campus Campaign. ③We _____________________________________ on planning a Green Campus Campaign. rely on you to offer us some suggestions rely on it that you can offer us some suggestions rely on you offering us some suggestions 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Without doubt, parents' bad behavior has a ____________ effect on children. 2．Everything goes well and you needn't to be so ____________ about your future. 3．Many people go to work by bike or take a bus in ____________ to the government's call to live a low-carbon lifestyle. negative pessimistic response 4．He always ____________ the whole conversations, for he has a loud voice and a decisive personality. 5．More and more tourists are attracted to the scenic spot, which can ____________ the balance of nature on the island. 6．He was accused of ____________ (滥用) his position to obtain personal benefits. dominates disturb abusing 7．Technology has ____________ (促进) communication between people around the world. 8．Tom was ____________(处罚) for cheating on the exam which annoyed his parents and teachers. facilitated disciplined Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It is not the story itself ____________ what is reflected in the story that counts. 2．I think it a good idea ____________ (bring) a small gift when we attend a dinner party. 3．Nowadays depression is a common _______________(psychology) problem among young people. but to bring psychological 4．To help his mother support his family, the boy made up his mind ____________ (drop) out of school. 5．____________ response to the rising demand for our product, we have decided to increase production. 6．The boy ____________ (frighten) by the scene was rooted to the ground, wondering what to do next. to drop In frightened 7．Taking regular exercise and eating healthy food can help us keep mentally and ____________ (physical) healthy. 8．As far as I am concerned, I can't lay emphasis on the ____________ (reward) and interesting fruit-picking activity too much. physically rewarding Ⅲ.完成句子 1．如果给他们一个展示自己画作的机会，他们一定会给我们一个大大的惊喜。 ______________________________________________，they are bound to give us a big surprise. If given an opportunity to display their own paintings 2．我很乐意帮助你并按你的要求提一些实用的建议以报答你的鼓励和陪伴。 I'm willing to give you a hand and offer some practical suggestions at your request ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________． 3．刚刚被警察询问的目击者对这次事故给出了不同的描述。 The witnesses ______________________________ gave different descriptions of the accident. as a reward for/in reward for your encouragement and company questioned by the police just now Ⅳ.阅读理解 A Many diseases and medical conditions are caused by things out of our control.Yet experts say you can control and even prevent many of the factors that increase your chances of dying.Experts note that an unhealthy lifestyle can put you at great risk of heart disease and strokes.So doctors urge us to eat healthy foods, get exercise, stop smoking and limit our alcohol intake.But there is something else you can do.And it is free and easy.Smile! Anand Chockalingam is a heart disease specialist at University of Missouri Health Care in Columbia, Missouri.He advises his patients to smile.“When we smile, the brain wiring gets altered.The chemicals that are released are more positive.” He says smiling is a first step in fighting physical and emotional stress and sometimes the stress has harmful effects on human health.This is not just New Age advice.Several studies support Dr.Chockalingam's prescription—smile more. Disorders of the heart and blood vessels (血管) are the number one cause of death around the world.The main causes of heart attacks and strokes are blockages in blood vessels.These prevent blood from flowing to the heart or the brain.When you feel stressed or under pressure, your body releases many natural hormones (激素) that increase your heart rate and blood pressure.Cortisol is the body's main stress hormone.It increases sugar in the bloodstream.If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you.They are part of what we call our fight-or-flight response.However, when you are stressed for a long period, these stress hormones may lead to health problems. Dr.Chockalingam says a smile may be one way to help.He tells his patients to smile 20 times an hour.To some, that might seem like a lot of smiling.Or some might even feel foolish...smiling for seemingly no reason.But a smile does not involve drugs.It is free and it has no bad side effects. “Once people smile, they are relaxed.This relaxation directly lowers blood pressure, and improves sugar levels in the blood.If we are smiling, we are breaking that link between stress and health.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了微笑可以预防、控制死亡因素，改善心血管状态，对健康有好处。 2 3 1 4 1．What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To stop people from drinking too much alcohol. B．To show the importance of leading a healthy lifestyle. C．To show some factors that can increase the chance of dying. D．To introduce a free and easy way to control the factors of dying. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But there is something else you can do.And it is free and easy.Smile！”可推知，作者想引出一种可以控制死亡因素的自由、简单的方法——微笑。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 2．What can we learn from paragraph 2? A．The patients who smile can get altered. B．Smiling can add to physical and emotional stress. C．Physical and emotional stress must have bad effects. D．When people smile, there will be positive chemicals produced. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When we smile, the brain wiring gets altered.The chemicals that are released are more positive.”可知，当人们微笑时，就会产生积极的化学物质。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 3．Which of the following statements is reasonable? A．The smiling patients are foolish. B．Heart attacks and strokes don't cause death. C．The stress hormones may lead to different results, good or bad. D．When you feel stressed, the body releases many beneficial hormones. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。由第三段中的“If you are truly in danger, these hormones can help you.They are part of what we call our fight-or-flight response.However, when you are stressed for a long period, these stress hormones may lead to health problems.”可知，压力激素可能会导致不同的结果，有好有坏，故选C项。 2 3 1 4 4．What does the text mainly talk about? A．Smiling makes you relaxed. B．You should lead a happy life. C．Smiling is beneficial to your health. D．You should stop leading the unhealthy life. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 主旨大意题。阅读全文，尤其是最后一段的内容可知，全文围绕“微笑”与“改善心血管状态和对健康的好处”进行阐述，故选C项。 2 3 1 4 B When margarine (人造黄油) was first sold in the 1800s, plentiful alarmist words were uttered about it.However, it was simply a cream of vegetable oil and water, a processed, more sustainable and healthier alternative to an animal product.Anxiety about new foods and how they are produced continues today.Public discussions are full of concerns that “ultra-processed foods” or “UPFs” are downright unhealthy.One particular category in a fierce spotlight is plant-based meats.But how and where food is made doesn't determine how safe or nutritious it is. The term UPFs was first used in 2009 by Carlos Monteiro, a nutritionist.In a 2017 paper, he said he was worried that the shared experience of cooking was being increasingly lost and people weren't eating together.In particular, he was seeing rising rates of diabetes and obesity.Keen to identify the root cause of these issues, he focused on food not made at home, but in factories.But the thing is, as Monteiro has stated openly, the UPF categorisation was never designed to group foods on the basis of nutrition. Just like pork sausages and chicken popcorn, plant-based alternatives are made in factories, so are considered UPFs.But unlike those animal products, they don't require antibiotics (抗生素) or hormones during production, require up to 96 percent less land, have carbon emissions up to 98 percent lower, need up to 99 percent less water and result in 100 percent fewer animals dying. And side by side, they are almost always healthier than the over-processed animal meat products they replace, especially on fat and fibre content.Just compare the labels on the packets next time you are in the supermarket. Many loud voices are raising concerns, suggesting that all UPFs, especially plant-based meats, are “unnatural”， “fake” and “full of chemicals”．We are seeing history repeat itself, and a fear of new foods being aroused all over again.But the science is unmistakably clear: diets rich in plant-based options are better for both people and the planet, factory or no factory. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“超加工食品”和“植物基肉类”进行了介绍和说明，通过列举数据和事实来阐述这些食品的优势和人们对它们的误解，旨在纠正公众对超加工食品的不准确认识，强调植物基食品的健康和环保价值。 5．Why does the author mention margarine in paragraph 1? A．To stress the sales dilemma margarine faced before. B．To illustrate people's misunderstanding about margarine. C．To show the ignored benefits of margarine to people's health. D．To emphasize people's longstanding worry about novel foods. 答案：D 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When margarine was first sold in the 1800s, plentiful alarmist words were uttered about it.However, it was simply...Anxiety about new foods and how they are produced continues today.Public discussions are full of concerns that...(当人造黄油在19世纪首次销售时，关于它的危言耸听的言论不绝于耳……对新食品及其生产方式的担忧今天仍在继续……)”可知，作者提到人造黄油是为了强调人们对于新食物的长期担忧，即人们对于新出现的食品总是持有一种警惕和担忧的态度，这种担忧可能会忽略新食物所带来的实际好处。故选D。 6 7 5 8 6．Why did Monteiro create the UPF categorisation? A．To classify the food made at home. B．To encourage people to cook and eat together. C．To discover the cause of some rising health problems. D．To determine the nutrition level of factory-produced food. 答案：C 6 7 5 8 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The term UPFs was first used in 2009 by Carlos Monteiro, a nutritionist.In a 2017 paper, he said he was worried that the shared experience of cooking was being increasingly lost and...Keen to identify the root cause of these issues, he focused on food not made at home, but in factories.”可知，Monteiro创建UPF分类的目的是发现一些日益严重的健康问题的原因。故选C。 6 7 5 8 7．What do the numbers in paragraph 3 imply? A．Plant-based meats are more eco-friendly. B．Plant-based meats shouldn't be considered as UPFs. C．Plant-based meats will replace UPF animal meat products. D．Plant-based meats are healthier than sausages and chicken popcorn. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But unlike those animal products, they don't require antibiotics or hormones during production, require up to 96 percent less land, have carbon emissions up to 98 percent lower, need up to 99 percent less water and result in 100 percent fewer animals dying.(……需要的土地减少96%，碳排放量减少98%，需要的水减少99%，动物死亡率减少100%)”可知，本段中提到的数字暗示了植物基肉类相比动物肉类更环保。故选A。 6 7 5 8 8．What does the author think of the concern over plant-based meats? A．Unnecessary.　　　　　 B．Temporary. C．Reasonable. D．Alarming. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“And side by side, they are almost always healthier than the over-processed animal meat products they replace, especially on fat and fibre content.(另一方面，它们几乎总是比它们所取代的过度加工的动物肉制品更健康，尤其是在脂肪和纤维含量方面)”以及最后一段中的“We are seeing history repeat itself, and a fear of new foods being aroused all over again.But...”可判断，作者认为，与过度加工的动物肉制品相比，植物基肉类实际上是更健康、更环保的选择。由此推知，作者认为对植物基肉类的担忧是不必要的。故选A。 6 7 5 8 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些帮助改善身心健康的方法。 1 2 3 4 How are you feeling today? Often when we ask people that question, they reply “not bad”， or “could be worse”． 1 Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated，but how? 5 1 2 3 4 A．Fancy a swim in ice-cold water? B．But what would make us feel “perfect”？ C．That's because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. D．Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns. E．But whatever action we take, any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health. F．Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways. G．It gave several health suggestions which the programme's presenters tried and confirmed. 答案：B 5 下文“Maybe we could live better by being healthier, less stressed, more motivated, but how？”说明通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力的生活，我们能生活得更好，选项B“但什么能让我们感觉‘完美’呢？”引出下文，下文回答了B项的问题，通过更健康、更少压力、更有动力的生活才能让我们感觉‘完美’。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 5 Of course there are many treatments for improving our mental health, but sometimes there are small and simple solutions to help improve our well-being.It's something the BBC TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at. 2 And maybe they could help us too. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Fancy a swim in ice-cold water? B．But what would make us feel “perfect”？ C．That's because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. D．Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns. E．But whatever action we take, any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health. F．Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways. G．It gave several health suggestions which the programme's presenters tried and confirmed. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 上文“It's something the BBC TV programme Easy Ways to Live Well has been looking at.”以及下文“And maybe they could help us too.”说明BBC电视节目提出了能帮助我们的建议，选项G“它提出了一些保健建议，节目主持人尝试并确认了这些建议”中的“it”指代上文的“the BBC TV programme”，并引出下文，下文中的“they”指代的是G项中的“several health suggestions”。故选G项。 1 2 3 4 5 Firstly, to tackle putting on weight and to cut the calories, the programme found sniffing peppermint (嗅薄荷) stops our desire for a snack.Presenter, chef and writer Hugh Feamley-Whittingstall says a scientific theory called “mutual competition” shows that a strong smell can distract (分心) our brain from the food we're thinking about. If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it's suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time. 3 With recent studies showing our phones can make us 26% less productive, it seems easy to try this idea. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Fancy a swim in ice-cold water? B．But what would make us feel “perfect”？ C．That's because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. D．Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns. E．But whatever action we take, any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health. F．Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways. G．It gave several health suggestions which the programme's presenters tried and confirmed. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 上文“If your addiction to your smartphone is getting you down, it's suggested that turning your phone screen grey helps you reduce screen time.”说明总看智能手机导致情绪低落，建议把手机屏幕变成灰色能帮你少看手机，选项C“那是因为黑白屏幕看起来不那么吸引人了”承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 5 4 Well, the BBC programme found a daily swim in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses.And another way to relax is to leave your smartphone at home, bury yourself in a forest, and breathe in the fresh air.Forest bathing is the perfect medicine for the stresses of urban life. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Fancy a swim in ice-cold water? B．But what would make us feel “perfect”？ C．That's because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. D．Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns. E．But whatever action we take, any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health. F．Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways. G．It gave several health suggestions which the programme's presenters tried and confirmed. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 下文“Well, the BBC programme found a daily swim in freezing water gets you used to the stress of doing it and therefore prepares you for other life stresses.”说明每天在冰冷的水中游泳可以让你适应这种压力，选项A“想在冰冷的水中游泳吗？”引出下文，下文进一步解释在冰冷的水中游泳的好处，选项A中的“a swim in ice-cold water”与下文的“a daily swim in freezing water”对应。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 5 Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and moving more to get away from our sedentary (久坐的) lives. 5 1 2 3 4 5 A．Fancy a swim in ice-cold water? B．But what would make us feel “perfect”？ C．That's because a black and white screen becomes less attractive to look at. D．Spending too much time looking at a screen is known to affect sleep patterns. E．But whatever action we take, any change to our lifestyle can help improve our health. F．Holidaying locally is a great way to experience the beauty of where you live in new ways. G．It gave several health suggestions which the programme's presenters tried and confirmed. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 上文“Other life-improving ideas included things such as singing to reduce pain and moving more to get away from our sedentary lives.”说明唱歌和运动也能改善生活，选项E“但无论我们采取什么行动，生活方式的任何改变都有助于改善我们的健康”是对上文的总结。故选E项。 1 2 3 4 5 $$