U1 Period 2Reading and Thinking-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第二册 UNIT 1　SCIENCE　AND　SCIENTISTS Period 2　Reading and Thinking—Language Points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课堂检测 素养达标 课时作业 巩固提升 词汇识记 1．severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 Cholera once was a severe disease，which could cause diarrhoea, dehydration and even death. 霍乱曾经是一种严重的疾病，它会导致腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。 2．frustrated adj.懊恼的；沮丧的；失意的 The frustrating result was that his son was infected with this terrible virus.He was so frustrated that nothing could alleviate his frustration. 令人沮丧的结果是，他的儿子感染了这种可怕的病毒。他非常沮丧，没有什么能减轻他的沮丧。 frustrate vt.使懊丧；使沮丧 frustrating adj.令人沮丧的 frustration n．懊丧；懊恼 3．once and for all最终地；彻底地 It is necessary for us to handle the problem once and for all；otherwise，we would be caught in a dilemma. 我们有必要彻底解决这个问题，否则我们会陷入困境。 4．contradictory adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 With regard to the spread of cholera，there are two contradictory theories. 关于霍乱的传播，有两种相互矛盾的理论。 5．infection n．感染；传染 Thanks to the effective prevention, few people were infected with the infectious virus. 由于有效的预防，很少有人感染这种传染性病毒。 infect vt.使感染；传染 infectious adj.感染的；传染性的；有感染力的 6．subscribe vi. 认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) All of us subscribe to the view that it is not who you are but what you do that matters. 我们所有人都赞同这样一种观点：不是你是谁，而是你做什么才是最重要的。 subscribe to 同意；赞同；订阅；捐助 I subscribe to a few favourite charities on a regular basis. 我定期向几个中意的慈善机构捐款。 I subscribed to the magazine two years ago，from which I benefited a lot. 两年前我订阅了这份杂志，我从中获益很多。 7．proof n．证据；证明；检验 Substantial proofs have proved that smoking is linked to lung cancer，so we'd better give up smoking. 大量的证据证明吸烟与肺癌有关，因此我们最好戒烟。 prove vt.证明；证明是 8．multiple adj.数量多的；多种多样的 It is proved that by doing multiple exercises, children can learn to multiply and divide efficiently. 结果证明，通过多次练习，孩子们可以有效地学习乘法和除法。 multiply vi.& vt.乘；繁殖 9．household n. 一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 An average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by driving cars. 一个普通的美国家庭每天开车会产生150磅的二氧化碳。 10．suspect vt.& vi. 怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 I began to suspect that they were trying to get rid of me. 我开始觉察出，他们试图摆脱我。 suspect sb. of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事 suspect that...怀疑…… 11．handle n．把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) I quietly turned the door handle and slipped into the room，heart pounding fast. 我轻轻地转动门把手，溜进房间，心怦怦直跳。 12．intervention n．介入；出面；干涉 It is necessary that parents should intervene their children's behaviour and proper intervention can guarantee children's good behaviour. 父母有必要干预孩子的行为，恰当的干预能保证孩子的良好行为。 intervene vi.干预；介入 13．raw adj.未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 What annoyed him was that he had forgotten to turn on the oven and the meat was raw. 让他恼火的是，他忘了打开烤箱，肉还是生的。 14．pure adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的 In fact，some bottled water may not be as pure as we expect，though the water is purified. 事实上，一些瓶装水可能并不像我们所预料的那么纯净，尽管这些水是净化了的。 purely adv.完全地；纯粹地 purify vt.净化；使……洁净 Materials in Chinese herbs are purely natural，which have small side effects. 中草药中的材料是纯天然的，副作用小。 15．decrease n. 减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi. (使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 To some extent, the wide use of vaccine really decreases the spread of many kinds of diseases. 在某种程度上，疫苗的广泛使用确实减少了多种疾病的传播。 16．statistic n. 统计数字；统计资料；统计学 Substantial statistics show that 50% of new businesses fail in their first year. 大量的统计数据显示，50%的新企业在第一年就倒闭了。 17．transform vt.使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变 What a transformation! The desert was transformed into a wood through decades of efforts. 多么大的转变啊！经过几十年的努力，沙漠变成了树林。 transformation n．(彻底的)变化；转变；改革 18．microscope n．显微镜 Many medical tools are of great help for scientists to do research such as microscope. 许多医学工具对科学家做研究很有帮助，比如显微镜。 19．thinking n．思想；思维；见解 The wise manager finally changed his colleagues' thinking on this issue. 这位英明的经理最后改变了同事们对这个问题的看法。 20．protein n．蛋白质 To keep fit, we should eat foods rich in protein so that we can avoid infecting the severe illness. 为了保持健康，我们应该吃富含蛋白质的食物，以避免感染严重的疾病。 21．cell n．细胞；小房间；单间牢房 There is no denying that fat is essential for every cell in the body. 不可否认，脂肪对身体的每个细胞都是必不可少的。 22．die from/of死于 The study shows that women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from/of heart attacks. 该研究表明，女性患高血压或死于心脏病的可能性较小。 23．in time 及时；迟早 We reached the top of Mount Tai，just in time to enjoy the rising sun. 我们到达了泰山山顶，正好赶上了观看日出。 24．in general一般来说；通常 In most countries the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. 在大多数国家，微笑一般表示快乐。 25．more than多于；不只是；非常 More than 2，000 years ago，the whole China was governed by a king called Qin Shihuang. 两千多年前，整个中国由秦始皇统治。 Hearing the exciting news, he was more than delighted and jumped with joy. 听到这个激动人心的消息，他非常高兴，以至于跳了起来。 26．be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事 Once she has been determined to do something，nothing can change her mind. 一旦她下定决心做某事，什么也改变不了她的主意。 27．as a result of由于；因为 As a result of more and more cars，air quality is getting worse and worse. 由于汽车越来越多，空气质量越来越差。 28．be likely to do sth.有可能去做某事 Physically active children are more likely to become active and healthy adults. 身体活跃的孩子更有可能变成积极健康的成年人。 29．finding n．发现；调查结果；(法律)判决 Snow's finding was that the water infected with waste was to blame. 斯诺的发现是被废物感染的水是罪魁祸首。 30．initial adj.最初的；开始的；第一的 Initially，their initial plan didn't go as smoothly as they had planned and they were quite frustrated. 起初，他们最初的计划并没有像他们计划的那样顺利进行，他们非常沮丧。 initially adv.起初；最初 默写练习 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的 2．____________ adj.相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的 3．____________ n．一家人；家庭；同住一所(套)房子的人 4．____________ vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．犯罪嫌疑人；可疑对象 5．____________ vt. 把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．责备；指责 severe contradictory household suspect blame 6．____________ n．把手；拉手；柄 vt.处理；搬动；操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) 7．____________ n．联系；纽带 vt.把……连接起来；相关联 8．____________ adj. 未煮的；生的；未经处理的；原始的 9．____________ adj.大量的；价值巨大的；重大的 10．____________ n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 handle link raw substantial decrease 11．____________ n．病毒 12．____________ n．证据；证明；检验→____________ vt. 证明 link v．证明是 13．____________ adj.数量多的；多种多样的→____________ vi.& vt.乘；繁殖 14．____________ adj.干净的；纯的；纯粹的→____________adv.完全地；纯粹地→____________ vt.净化；使……洁净 virus proof prove multiple multiply pure purely purify 15．____________ vt. 使改观；使改变形态 vi.改变；转变→______________ n．(彻底的)变化；转变；改革 transform transformation Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．Learning that I failed to pass the exam，I was ____________(frustrate) and depressed. 2．Sadly，he is suffering from the rare illness and no one knows how to treat the ____________ (infect). 3．For lack of ____________ (prove)，the police could not take action against the man. frustrated infection proof 4．Government's ____________ (intervene) is necessary to control the price of the house. 5．You should ____________ (pure) water before drinking it；otherwise，you will fall ill easily. intervention purify Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．________________最终地；彻底地 2．________________同意；赞同 3．________________幸亏；由于 4．________________死于 5．________________及时；迟早 6．________________一般来说 once and for all subscribe to thanks to die from/of in time in general 7．________________多于 8．_______________________下定决心做某事 9．________________由于；因为 10．___________________有可能去做某事 more than be determined to do sth. as a result of be likely to do sth. Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．Thanks to the help of several passers-by, the injured were sent to hospital ________________． 2．As far as I'm concerned，as long as you practice hard, you ________________ be a good player. 3．________________ his years' efforts, Yuan made a great breakthrough and finally developed hybrid. in time are likely to As a result of 4．It was an important interview, and Richard ________________ make a good impression on the interviewers. 5．To broaden our horizons and enrich our school lives, our teacher encourages us to ____________ the English newspaper Youth. was determined to subscribe to 词汇精研 1.subscribe vi.认购(股份)；定期订购；定期交纳(会费) [教材原文]　Snow subscribed to the second theory. 斯诺赞同第二种理论。 [一词多义] (1)The old man leads a simple life himself but subscribes to the charity regularly.____________ (2)Most people subscribe to the view that eating in a healthy way and exercising regularly are the key to keeping healthy.(写作话题之健康)____________ (3)With regard to enriching your school life，I recommend you to subscribe to some magazines or newspapers.(应用文之建议信)____________ (定期)捐款 赞成，同意 订阅 subscribe to同意；赞同；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸) 2.suspect vt.& vi.怀疑；疑有；不信任 n．可疑对象；犯罪嫌疑人 [教材原文]　Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. 斯诺怀疑是水泵的问题。 (1)Two ____________ ( suspect) involved in the theft are now being questioned at present. suspects (2)The teacher suspected the boy of cheating in the exam，which made him quite frustrated. →The teacher ______________________________________，making him quite frustrated. suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做过)某事 suspect that＋从句　怀疑……；觉得…… suspected that the boy cheated in the exam 3.blame vt.把……归咎于；责怪；指责 n．指责；责备 (1)It was the foggy weather rather than the drivers that was ____________ (blame) for the traffic jam. to blame (2)经理没有将错误归咎于他的助手，这是出乎意料的。 ①The manager ___________________________________，which was beyond expectations. ②The manager ______________________________________，which was beyond expectations. didn't blame his assistant for the mistake didn't blame the mistake on his assistant (3)汤姆因演出失败被责备，他感到一阵悲伤。(读后续写之情感描写) ________________________________________，Tom felt seized by a burst of sadness. Blamed for the failure of the performance be to blame (for sth.) (对某事)负有责任；应受责备 blame sb.for sth.因某事责备某人 blame sth.on sb./sth.把某事归咎于某人/某事 4.decrease n．减少；降低；减少量 vt.& vi.(使大小、数量等)减少；减小；降低 [教材原文]　Through Snow's tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water, and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease. 通过斯诺的不懈努力，供水公司开始销售清洁饮用水，世界各地的霍乱威胁也大幅度减少。 (1)Statistics show that average house prices decreased ____________ 13% last year. (2)一些稀有动物的数量正在减少，因此急需政府采取措施来保护它们。(写作话题之环境与自然) ____________________________________________________，so there is an urgent need for the government to take measures to protect them. by The number of some rare animals is on the decrease decrease to ...减少到…… decrease by ...减少了…… decrease from ...to ...从……减少到…… on the decrease在减少 句式剖析 1.until引导的时间状语从句 [教材原文]　Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world，until a British doctor，John Snow，showed how it could be overcome. 在英国医生约翰·斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。 (1)我的老师一直鼓励我参加写作比赛，直到我同意去尝试一下。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷，读后续写) My teacher kept encouraging me to enter the writing contest ____________________________． until I agreed to give it a try (2)Jane didn't let out a cry of regret until she got lost in the forest.(读后续写之后悔心理描写) ①____________________________________ Jane let out a cry of regret.(用倒装句改写) ②____________________________________________ Jane let out a cry of regret.(用强调句改写) Not until she got lost in the forest did It was not until she got lost in the forest that (3)直到社会科学老师鼓励我，我才有了信心。(强调句) ________________________________________________________________________　　　 It was not until my social studies teacher encouraged me that I gained confidence. (1)若主句的谓语动词是延续性的，那么这个主句需用肯定形式；若主句的谓语动词是非延续性的，则主句常用否定形式，构成not...until...结构； (2)在not ...until ...句型中，可以把not until提到句首，此时主句用部分倒装语序； (3)not ...until ...句型的强调句式：It is/was not until ...that ... 2.so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……” [教材原文]　He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. 他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱疫情非常严重，10天内就有500多人死亡。 (1)无意中听到她的朋友们嘲笑她，她非常伤心，以至于眼泪控制不住地从脸颊上流了下来。(读后续写之悲伤心理描写) ①Overhearing that her friends laughed at her，she was ______________________________________________________． ②Overhearing that her friends laughed at her，________________________________________________________. (用倒装句写) so sad that tears rolled down her cheeks without control so frustrated was she that tears rolled down her cheeks without control (2)我的英语老师是一个非常善良和热心的人，所有的学生都尊敬她。(写作话题之记人) ①My English teacher is ____________________________________ that all of the students respect her .(so) ② My English teacher is __________________________________ that all of the students respect her.(such) so kind and warm-hearted a person such a kind and warm-hearted person (1)so...that...句型的常见形式： so＋adj./adv.＋that... so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数可数)＋that... (2)such...that...句型的常见形式： such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数可数)＋that... such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that... (3)当so/such连同它所直接修饰的成分共同位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序 3.have sth.done 使某事被做；请人做某事；遭遇到某事 [教材原文]　It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.这个妇女似乎非常喜欢(饮用)水泵里的水，因此她每天都让人送水到她家。 (1)Attention，please! I have something urgent ____________ (inform) you.(应用文之通知) (2)Our teacher is so strict that he can't have us ____________ (waste) each minute. (3)Set goals and work hard and you're sure to have them ____________ (achieve) in the end. to inform wasting achieved (4)非常抱歉让你一直等我这么长时间，因为我刚才遇到了交通堵塞。(应用文之道歉信) I am terribly sorry for ____________________________________，because I was held up in a traffic jam just now. having you waiting for me for so long (1)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 (2)have sb./sth.doing sth.让某人一直做某事或让某事处于某种状态 can't/ couldn't have sb.doing sth.不能容忍某人做某事 (3)have sth.to do有某事要做 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I subscribed ____________ some English magazines to improve my English. 2．Because of illegal hunting，the number of some animals is ____________ the decrease. 3．Your generous help transformed my first Canada trip ____________ an unforgettable memory. to on into 4．Most of the people thought that it was the young man who was ____________ (blame) for the accident. 5．We can't have him ____________ (get) away with cheating in the exam，in other words ，he will be blamed. to blame getting Ⅱ.完成句子 1．多亏了我的英语老师的指导和帮助， 我在英语学习上取得了很大的进步。 ________________________________________________，I made great progress in learning English. 2．他是如此害怕，以至于站在那里一动不动。 ______________________________ he stood rooted to the spot.(倒装句) Thanks to my English teacher's guidance and help/assistance So frightened was he that 3．参加更多的社交活动可以提高你的交际能力。 Attending more social activities can ___________________________ _____________________．(have sth.done) 4．直到我参观了中国画展，我才对一些著名画家及其作品有了更好的了解。 ___________________________________________________ I have a better understanding of some famous painters and their works.(not until 位于句首的倒装句) have your communication ability improved Not until I visited the exhibition of Chinese painting did 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Without guidance, I had no idea how to ____________ the difficult issue. 2．The research shows a ____________ between high sugar diets and heart disease. 3．The earthquake caused ____________ damage to the area and many buildings fell down. handle link severe 4．The businessman ____________ to the university regularly where his son is studying. 5．It upsets me that everyone ____________ (责备) it on me whenever something goes wrong. 6．____________ (数量多的) studies have shown that enjoying a little music can reduce stress. 7．The public are able to hold a number of apparently ____________ (对立的) attitudes. subscribes blames Multiple contradictory 8．It is a pity that he lost all the ____________ (统计数字) because of the sudden breakdown of his computer. 9．Do you get ____________ (懊恼的) by slow-moving traffic in your routine life? 10．Owing to the environmental pollution，this species of insect is ____________ (减少) in numbers every year. statistics frustrated decreasing Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It is not a good idea to have the machine ____________ (run) all the time. 2．The man ______________ (suspect) to be the one who had given away government secrets. 3．She takes exercise every day.As a result，she has decreased her weight ____________ 10% to 50 kilos. running was suspected by 4．My hometown is transforming ____________ a poor and backward village ____________ a rich and advanced community. 5．Some scientists said that mankind is to blame ____________ global warming and environmental protection. from into for Ⅲ.完成句子 1．多亏了他的周密安排，这项工作将如期开展。 ____________________________________，this work is going to be done as scheduled. 2．你想要你的文章发表在这本杂志上吗？ Would you like to ________________________ in this magazine? 3．我的心跳得特别厉害，几乎要晕倒。 ________________________ that I almost fainted. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．多亏了他的周密安排，这项工作将如期开展。 ____________________________________，this work is going to be done as scheduled. 2．你想要你的文章发表在这本杂志上吗？ Would you like to ________________________ in this magazine? 3．我的心跳得特别厉害，几乎要晕倒。 ________________________ that I almost fainted. Thanks to his careful arrangement have your article published My heart beat so violently Ⅳ.阅读理解 A At the airport，one of my partners greeted me with a broad smile.“Welcome to Cuba！” he exclaimed in perfect English，giving me a strong handshake and a hug.The next day，we drove to the research center where he worked.In the conference room，each of us gave a presentation about science and what we hoped to learn from the study of Cuban rivers. Then，we toured every lab in the building.I met scientists，technicians，secretaries，students，and the cook.Some spoke English，and others communicated with me in Spanish while my cooperator translated.I was introduced to each person in their center，and that was what I remembered most. Then we met again to brainstorm.Together，we studied maps carefully to plan how we were going to collect samples.Had it not been for the Cubans，I would have been unaware that the maps I had were outdated and wrong.They left out reservoirs，which was a problem because if we had sampled downstream of them，our results would have been misled. On the last night of the trip，we searched for a restaurant that could seat all 14 of us at one table because that's what teams do—sitting together.When a restaurant couldn't seat the team without splitting us up，my partners insisted that we move on and find another restaurant with a large enough table. In 26 years as a professor，I've always tried my best to treat my students as valued partners.I have never been a fan of the grade system in the academic world.I urge everyone working with me to feel as though they are part of a team.But my Cuban partners take teamwork to another level entirely.They make it clear—through actions，both big and small—that all team members are valued，that everyone is equal，and that true team work contributes to better science. I returned to the United States as a changed scientist.Now，I spend more time listening and making sure that everyone's voice is heard. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在古巴与合作伙伴们一起进行研究的经历，这次经历让作者明白了团队合作中应当包容每个成员的观点，对每位成员表示尊重。 2 3 1 4 1．What impressed the author most when he visited the research center? A．He was led to see everyone. B．There were not many people there. C．Everybody gave a great presentation. D．The cooperator spoke perfect English. 答案： A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I was introduced to each person in their center，and that was what I remembered most.”可知，让作者印象最深的是，自己被介绍给了中心的每个人。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 2．Why did the author's partners refuse to eat at the first restaurant? A．They wanted a smaller one. B．They wanted to save money. C．They didn't want a crowded one. D．They didn't want to be separated. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When a restaurant couldn't seat the team without splitting us up，my partners insisted that we move on and find another restaurant with a large enough table.”可知，作者的搭档拒绝在第一家餐馆吃饭是因为他不想团队被分开。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 3．Which of the following does the author stress in the team? A．Honesty.　　　　　 B．Devotion. C．Cooperation spirit. D．Scientific theory. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“I urge everyone working with me to feel as though they are part of a team.But my Cuban partners take teamwork to another level entirely.”可推知，作者在团队中强调合作精神。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 4．What can we infer about the author from the text? A．He used to treat his students unfairly. B．He used to be misled by other scientists. C．He focuses on the opinions of the masses now. D．He speaks highly of the grade system in science now. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，作者现在专注于每个人的意见。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 B Contrary to popular opinion，the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable and well-defined process.To make new discoveries，researchers need the freedom to be creative，fail，and learn by chance.There is the romantic idea of the scientist who has an Eureka moment (顿悟时刻) and suddenly arrives at new insights.Another impression is that research only involves formal steps.Neither of those ideas is correct. “Science and art are two different ways to make something understandable or imaginable，” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers.“From the outside，the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy.But the scientific process can also unfold (展开) in an unpredictable way.Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.” There is an intersection (交叉点) between science and art.This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to amplify creative freedom.Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel，together with other scientists and artists，have designed a plan to learn from each other and to exchange ideas.One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells.A molecular (分子) sensor was used to visualise the different forces.They revealed the results in colourful images，each representing a different force. What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society.There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science.“It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented，and people do not have any insight into the artistic process leading to discovery.As a scientist，you are criticised if you say that something is different a few years later.Then you are viewed as unreliable.But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science，” says Weijers. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了艺术在科学研究中的作用，艺术与科学之间是有交叉点的。 5．What is the paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The views on science research. B．The purpose of science research. C．The hardship of science research. D．The attitude to science research. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，第一段主要讨论了人们对于科学研究的看法。故选A。 6 7 5 8 6．What can we know from Weijers's view? A．Scientists should have creative and associative thinking. B．The artistic process is too messy to be used in research. C.The scientific process always unfolds in an unpredictable way. D.The research process and the artistic process are totally different. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Creative and associative thinking is very important for scientists to gain insight and make connections.”可知，从Weijers的观点中我们可以了解到科学家应该具有创造性和联想性思维。故选A。 6 7 5 8 7．What does the underlined word “amplify” mean in paragraph 3? A．Refuse. B．Detect. C．Increase. D．Imply. 答案：C 6 7 5 8 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“There is an intersection between science and art.”和“look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas”可推知，画线词所在句子表示“科学和艺术之间有交集。这就是瓦赫宁根的科学家们从艺术家那里寻找灵感，并就如何扩大创作自由交换意见的原因”符合语境，画线词amplify的意思是“扩大，增加”，和increase意思相近。故选C。 6 7 5 8 8．Why does the author mention Weijers's research on plant cells? A．To stress the importance of thinking freely. B．To display the beauty of colourful images. C．To present the findings of his recent project. D．To show the connection between science and art. 答案：D 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“There is an intersection between science and art.”和“One example is the recent and special project in which they measured the forces that act on plant cells.A molecular sensor was used to visualise the different forces.They revealed the results in colourful images，each representing a different force.”可知，通过Weijers的关于植物细胞的研究事例说明艺术与科学之间的交叉融合，表明艺术与科学的联系。故选D。 6 7 5 8 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了实验室培育的肉所带来的益处和问题。 1 2 3 4 5 For all of human history，eating meat has meant killing animals. 1 They produce meat by growing cells obtained from an animal's body. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Lab-grown meat is much more expensive now. B．When ready，lab-grown meat is formed into shapes. C．The approval launches a new era of meat production. D．It looks，smells and tastes like any other grocery store version. E．But scientists behind lab-grown meat say that's no longer necessary. F．That could also offer a solution to feeding the world's growing population. G．The typical way meat is produced now is a risk factor for the emergence of diseases. 答案：E 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文“For all of human history，eating meat has meant killing animals.”和下文“They produce meat by growing cells obtained from an animal's body.”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明没有必要杀死动物就能够得到肉，并且下文中的“they”指代E项中的“scientists”。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5 Lab-grown meat，also called “cell-cultivated”or“cultured” meat，is made by feeding a mix of nutrients to animal cells in steel tanks in labs.The idea is to create an alternative to agriculturally raised meat.And unlike other meat substitutes which are made from plant proteins and other ingredients，lab-grown meat is real meat. 2 1 2 3 4 5 A．Lab-grown meat is much more expensive now. B．When ready，lab-grown meat is formed into shapes. C．The approval launches a new era of meat production. D．It looks，smells and tastes like any other grocery store version. E．But scientists behind lab-grown meat say that's no longer necessary. F．That could also offer a solution to feeding the world's growing population. G．The typical way meat is produced now is a risk factor for the emergence of diseases. 答案：D 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文“And unlike other meat substitutes which are made from plant proteins and other ingredients，lab-grown meat is real meat.”可知，空处承接上文，进一步解释说明实验室培育的肉的特征，且D项中的“It”指代上文中的“lab-grown meat”。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 Recently，the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) has given two companies approval to sell lab-grown chicken. 3 It's aimed at eliminating (消除) harm to animals，and reducing the environmental impacts of grazing(放牧) and growing feed for animals. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Lab-grown meat is much more expensive now. B．When ready，lab-grown meat is formed into shapes. C．The approval launches a new era of meat production. D．It looks，smells and tastes like any other grocery store version. E．But scientists behind lab-grown meat say that's no longer necessary. F．That could also offer a solution to feeding the world's growing population. G．The typical way meat is produced now is a risk factor for the emergence of diseases. 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 根据上文“Recently，the U．S.Department of Agriculture (USDA) has given two companies approval to sell lab-grown chicken.”可知，空处说明这项批准的意义，且C项中的“The approval”和上文中“two companies approval”对应。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 “Everything we know about how meat can be made is going to change.But don't expect to see cultivated meat in grocery stores just yet，” said Uma Vaieti，CEO of UPSIDE Foods. 4 That's because it cannot yet be produced on the scale of traditional meat. 1 2 3 4 5 A．Lab-grown meat is much more expensive now. B．When ready，lab-grown meat is formed into shapes. C．The approval launches a new era of meat production. D．It looks，smells and tastes like any other grocery store version. E．But scientists behind lab-grown meat say that's no longer necessary. F．That could also offer a solution to feeding the world's growing population. G．The typical way meat is produced now is a risk factor for the emergence of diseases. 答案：A 1 2 3 4 5 根据下文“That's because it cannot yet be produced on the scale of traditional meat.(这是因为它还不能以传统肉类的规模生产)”可知，实验室培育的肉不能大规模生产，因此空处说明实验室培育的肉价格高。故选A。 “To make cultivated meat，we need much more energy，” said Bruce Friedrich，president and founder of the Good Food Institute.However，those high energy needs will be offset (补偿) by the reduction in land and water use and other benefits.It's thought that cultured meat will be probably produced on a large scale. 5 1 2 3 4 5 A．Lab-grown meat is much more expensive now. B．When ready，lab-grown meat is formed into shapes. C．The approval launches a new era of meat production. D．It looks，smells and tastes like any other grocery store version. E．But scientists behind lab-grown meat say that's no longer necessary. F．That could also offer a solution to feeding the world's growing population. G．The typical way meat is produced now is a risk factor for the emergence of diseases. 答案：F 1 2 3 4 5 $$