U3 Period 2 Reading and Thinking-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

必修第三册 UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES Period 2　Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　读前策略 【词汇攻略】 ①名词后缀：-ity minor adj.较小的→minority n．少数；少数派；少数人 major adj.重要的；主要的→majority n．大多数；大部分 national adj.国家的；民族的→nationality n．民族；国籍 ②副词后缀：-ly definite adj.确切的→definitely adv.明确地 entire adj.全部的，整个的→entirely adv.完全地，彻底地 pure adj.纯粹的→purely adv.纯粹地 【读文策略】 Classify and organise information We can better understand a passage by classifying or organising the information in it.Classifying means deciding the kind of information，e.g.，dates，numbers，opinions.Organising means putting things in order，e.g.，according to how old，how much，what kind.Sometimes it is a good idea to draw a diagram to organise the information in the passage. Part 2　教材原文助读   Wednesday，21 June Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley.I have to admit① that it definitely② feels good to be back in the city again. And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred③ in 1906. There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills，offering great views of the city，the ocean，and the Golden Gate Bridge. 本句为主从复合句。其中that it definitely feels good to...again为that引导的宾语从句。在此宾语从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。 what a city是由疑问代词引导的感叹句，其本身也是省略形式，完整形式为what a city it is。后面的a city that...1906是前面a city的同位语。that was able to...in 1906是由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰其前的a city，其中，that occurred in 1906也是由关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰the earthquake。 此处为“逻辑主语＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。 此处为现在分词短语作结果状语。 ①admit/əd'mIt/vt. & vi.承认vt.准许进入(或加入) ②definitely/'defInətli/adv.肯定；确实 definite adj.确定的，肯定的；有把握的 indefinite adj.不明确的；无限期的 definition n．[C，U]释义，解释；[C]定义 ③occur/ə'kɜː(r)/vi.发生；出现 6月21日，星期三 今天是我参加红木森林露营并参观红酒之乡纳帕谷后回到旧金山的第一天。我必须承认，再一次回到这座城市的感觉确实很好。这是一座多么伟大的城市——一座在1906年地震后能够自我重建的城市。这里有如此多美丽的老建筑——许多坐落于大山之巅，在那里，城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。 My hotel is near downtown④， in the Mission District⑤， one of the oldest parts of the city.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.This district used to be a poor area of town，but is now a centre for art，music，and food.In fact，an art movement called the “Mission School” started here.It's influenced by graffiti⑥ art and comic⑦ art.I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.It was quite modern and lively.Afterwards⑧，I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck.A real mix of cultures here! one of the oldest parts of the city是the Mission District的同位语。 looking at the street art for a few hours 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。 ④downtown/ˌdaʊn'taʊn/adv. 在市中心；往市中心 ⑤district/'dIstrIkt/n.[C]地区；区域 ⑥graffiti/ɡrə'fiːti/n.[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画 ⑦comic/'kɒmIk/n.[C]连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的 ⑧afterwards/'ɑːftəwədz/ (NAmE usually afterward) adv.以后；后来 我住的酒店位于市中心附近的教会区。这是这座城市最古老的地方之一。住在这里的许多人来自墨西哥或中美洲地区。这个地区过去是城镇的贫困地区，但现在它是艺术、音乐和美食中心。事实上，一场名为“教会学校”的艺术运动就发源于这里。它受到涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术的影响。我在街上漫步，转了几个小时，欣赏着街头艺术。这种艺术非常现代化并充满活力。后来，我在快餐车吃到了一些美味的墨西哥中式面条。这才是真正的文化融合！ In the afternoon，I headed to⑨ a local museum that showed the historical⑩ changes in California.I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848.In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco，which started a gold rush.Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune⑪，and San Francisco quickly became a big city.Many Chinese arrived during this period.To earn⑫ a living，some opened up⑬ shops and restaurants in Chinatown.Many others found jobs on farms，joined the gold rush，or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country.The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants⑭ from different countries and cultures.When these immigrants left their countries，they carried a bit of home in their hearts，and built a new home here. ⑨head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去 ⑩historical/hI'stɒrIkl/adj.(有关)历史的；历史学的 historical background历史背景 [辨析]historic adj.具有历史意义的 a historic building有历史意义的建筑 ⑪seek one's fortune寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 seek/siːk/vt.& vi.(sought /sɔːt/，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求 ⑫earn/ɜːn/vt. & vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得 earn a living谋生 ⑬open up开张，开业；开门；出现 ⑭immigrant/'ImIɡrənt/n.[C](外来)移民；外侨 immigrate vi.(从外地)移居，移民 immigration n．[U]移居(入境)；移民人数 下午，我去了当地一家展示加利福尼亚的历史变迁的博物馆。我了解到1848年美国从墨西哥那里得到了加利福尼亚。同年，(人们在)旧金山附近发现了黄金，从而掀起了一股淘金热。30多万人从世界各地来到这儿寻找发财的机会，旧金山很快就成了一座大城市。许多中国人也在这一时期来到这里。为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开起了商店和餐馆。其他许多人在农场找到了工作，加入了淘金热，或去建设连接加利福尼亚与美国东部地区的铁路。这家博物馆很好地展示了美国是如何由来自不同国家和文化的移民建立起来的。这些移民离开他们的国家时，心中带着一点家的感觉，在这里建立了一个新家。 This evening，I went to Chinatown.There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.I selected⑮ a Cantonese⑯ restaurant that served its food on beautiful china⑰ plates.What great food！ 该句是省略形式的感叹句，其完整形式是：What great food it was! ⑮select/sI'lekt/vt.选择；挑选；选拔 ⑯Cantonese/ˌkæntə'niːz/adj. 广东的；粤语的n.[U]粤语；[C]广东人 ⑰china/'tʃaInə/n.[U]瓷；瓷器 今天晚上，我去了唐人街。那里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。我选了一家用漂亮瓷盘盛装食物的粤菜馆。多么美味的食物！ That's enough for today.Tomorrow evening，I'm going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.Can't wait⑱！ 该句是省略句，其完整形式是：I can't wait to go there！ ⑱can't wait 迫不及待 can't wait to do sth.迫不及待要做某事 can't wait for ...等不及…… 今天就到这里了。明晚，我要去里士满区的一个爵士乐酒吧。我等不及(想去那)了！ Part 3　语篇研析 1．The text mainly tells us that ． A．why the author likes the city of California B．what Mexicans did for the Mission District C．San Francisco has diverse cultures D．Chinese have made great contributions to San Francisco C 2．Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　A．A visit to a local museum in the afternoon. Para.2 B．Li Lan's plan for the next day. Para.3　C．The introduction to the Mission District. Para.4　D．Li Lan's impression of San Francisco. Para.5　E．The good experience of food in Chinatown. 答案：Para.1 D　Para.2 C　Para.3 A　Para.4 E Para.5 B 1．According to the text，we can learn that ． A．the family of the author is in San Francisco B．the author likes San Francisco very much C．California became a big city depending on Chinese D．immigrants left their countries carrying their home in their hearts B 2．Which statement about the Mission District is TRUE? A．People here are mainly from China or Central America. B．It is the oldest part of the city and a poor area of town. C．It's a centre for graffiti art and comic art. D．The street art there is quite modern and lively. 答案：D 3．After reading the text，we can draw the conclusion that . A.San Francisco is a city mostly influenced by immigrants B．San Francisco is a city which is to be the centre for art C．Chinatown has only Cantonese restaurants for visitors D．gold was discovered in 1848 so San Francisco is rich now A 4．What is the author's first impression of the street art in the Mission District? ____________________________ 5．Where did the author go for dinner? _______________________ It was quite modern and lively. A Cantonese restaurant. After 1.____________ (camp) in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley，I spent a whole day in San Francisco，2.__________ there are many beautiful old buildings，many sitting on top of big hills.In the morning，I walked around in the Mission District，which used to be a poor area of town，3.________ is now a centre for art，music and food.In the afternoon，I paid a visit 4._______ a local museum that showed the 5.____________ (history) changes in California.I learnt that America camping where but to historical got California from Mexico in 1848.In the same year，gold 6.________________ (discover) near San Francisco，which 7.____________ (start) a gold rush.Over 300，000 people from all over the world came here 8.____________ (seek) their fortune.They also brought their 9.____________ (culture) with them.In the evening，I went to Chinatown and had a great meal in a Cantonese restaurant. Tomorrow evening，I 10.________________ (go) to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.I can't wait to go there. was discovered started to seek cultures will go/am going Ⅰ.词块 1．展示加利福尼亚的历史变迁 ______________________________________ 2．一次真正的文化融合____________________ 3．连接加利福尼亚与这个国家(美国)的东部地区 ________________________________________________________4．一个艺术中心____________________ show the historical changes in California a real mix of cultures join California to the eastern region of the country a centre for art 5．一家爵士乐酒吧________________ 6．在唐人街开商店和餐馆 ________________________________________ 7．前往当地的一家博物馆__________________________ 8．建立一个新家__________________ 9．掀起一股淘金热________________ a jazz bar open up shops and restaurants in Chinatown head to a local museum build a new home start a gold rush Ⅱ.分析长难句 1．And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906. [句式分析]　本句含有两个定语从句，第一个定语从句that was able to rebuild itself 修饰先行词____________；第二个定语从句that occurred in 1906修饰先行词________________。 [自主翻译]　 ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ a city the earthquake 这是一座多么伟大的城市——一座在1906年地震后能够自我重建的城市。 2．There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills，offering great views of the city，the ocean，and the Golden Gate Bridge. [句式分析]　many sitting on top of big hills是独立主格结构；offering great views of the city，the ocean，and the Golden Gate Bridge是现在分词短语作____________。 [自主翻译]　 ____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 状语 这里有如此多美丽的老建筑——许多坐落于大山之巅，在那里，城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。 3．To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. [句式分析]　本句为一个简单句。to earn a living 为不定式短语作____________。 [自主翻译]　 ____________________________________________ 目的状语 为了谋生，一些人在唐人街开起了商店和餐馆。 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Mammoth Cave National Park, in the state of Kentucky, is a unique and historical natural wonder. It has the world's longest cave system. There may be another 600 miles of cave passageways that have yet to be explored. In addition, more than 200 caves that are disconnected from the larger system can be found in the park. The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone (石灰岩) erosion. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve (溶解) and shape soft limestone. The system is still being shaped today. Not only are they an amazing destination to visit, but the system also provides drinking water for about 40% of the US population. The caves' first explorers were Native Americans, who mined (采矿) the upper levels of Mammoth Cave. Later, the sites were left in great shape and began to draw public interest. Mammoth Cave was made into a national park thanks to strong support. Back in the 1920s, the Southern Appalachian National Park Commission was set up in 1925. After years of work, as well as building roads and public facilities, the park was completed on July 1，1941. The park now receives around 2 million visitors a year, with about a quarter taking a tour of the caves—everything from a cultural tour to the more adventurous tours on offer. The cave supports more than 130 wildlife species (物种). The park is also much more than just a cave; the forest around has a diverse (多种多样的) range of species. There are miles of trails open for horseback riding, with canoe trails and great fishing spots. There are also more than 1，300 flowering species in the forest, and animals like wood warblers, thrushes, and bald eagles can regularly be seen. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了肯塔基州的一个洞穴公园的具体情况。 2 3 1 4 1．What can we learn about Mammoth Cave from the first two paragraphs? A．It was made by ancient people. B．It has the length of 600 miles. C．It is made up of 200 connected caves. D．It has a large underground system. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mammoth Cave National Park, in the state of Kentucky, is a unique and historical natural wonder. It has the world's longest cave system.”和第二段中“The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion.”可知，猛犸洞穴有一个庞大的地下系统。 2 3 1 4 2．How do the caves form? A．Explorers mine the upper levels. B．The government searches for drinkable water. C.Water dissolves limestone. D．People build roads and public facilities. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“The underground caves were created naturally by the process of limestone erosion. Rain and rivers slowly dissolve and shape soft limestone. The system is still being shaped today.”可知，洞穴是通过水溶解石灰岩形成的。 2 3 1 4 3．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．More than 1，300 flowers grow in the caves. B．The park offers visitors diverse experiences. C．Most visitors come to the park just for caves. D．Two million people have visited the park till now. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，公园为游客提供了多样化的体验。 2 3 1 4 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Planning Cave Tours Around the World B．Exploring the World's Longest Cave System C．Learning About the Explorers of Mammoth Cave D．Predicting the Future of Mammoth Cave National Park 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段内容可知，文章介绍了猛犸洞穴国家公园的石灰岩洞穴系统的自然景观的形成过程，以及政府为开发这个国家公园的支持，还有它的特色和历史意义。B项“探索世界上最长的洞穴系统”为最佳标题。 2 3 1 4 B Liverpool, my hometown, is a unique city. It is so unique that it was once a World Heritage Site. I recently returned to my home city and my first stop was at a museum on the River Mersey. Blanketed in the mist, Victorian architecture rose from the banks of the river, responded to the sounds of seabirds, and appeared unbelievably charming. When I headed towards the centre, I found myself surrounded by buildings that mirror the best palaces of Europe. It is not hard to imagine why, on first seeing the city, most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool's history. As if to stress its cultural role, Liverpool has more museums and galleries than most cities in Britain. At Walker Art Gallery, I was told that it has the best collections of Victorian paintings in the world, and is the home of modern art in the north of England. However, culture is more than galleries. Liverpool offers many music events. As Britain's No.1 music city, it has the biggest city music festival in Europe, and its musicians are famous all over the world. Liverpool is also well known for its football and other sports events. Every year, the Mersey River Festival attracts thousands of visitors, making the city a place of wonder. As you would expect from such a city，there are restaurants serving food from around the world. When my trip was about to complete，I chose to rest my legs in Liverpool's famous Philharmonic pub. It is a monument to perfection，and a heritage attraction itself. Once a World Heritage Site, my home city is certainly a place of “outstanding universal value”. It is a treasure house with plenty of secrets for the world to explore. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章描述了作者的家乡——利物浦的美景，并重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围。 5 6 7 8 5．What would impress visitors most when they come to Liverpool for the first time? A.Its charming banks. B．Its famous museums. C．Its wonderful palaces. D．Its attractive buildings. 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“most visitors would be overwhelmed by the beauty of the noble buildings, which are solid signs of Liverpool's history”可知，大部分游客都会被利物浦的建筑吸引。 5 6 7 8 6．The third paragraph is developed mainly by ． A．providing different examples B．following the order of space C.making comparisons D．analysing causes 5 6 7 8 A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，作者列举了博物馆、美术馆、音乐和体育等方面的例子来进行叙述。 5 6 7 8 7．What does the author use the Philharmonic pub to prove? A．Liverpool is a well-known city for its restaurants. B．Liverpool is an impressive place full of attraction. C．A pub is a wonderful place for visitors to relax themselves. D．A pub is a perfect choice for visitors to complete their journey. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可知，它是一个完美的丰碑，本身也是一个遗产景点。作者举出这个例子是为了证明利物浦是一个极具吸引力的地方。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the text mainly about? A．The universal artistic beauty in Liverpool. B．The exciting experience of the author in Liverpool. C．The special cultural atmosphere of Liverpool. D．The beautiful historic sites of Liverpool. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章不仅介绍了利物浦的美景，而且重点介绍了其独特的文化氛围。 5 6 7 8 $$