U2 单元基础知识回顾-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

必修第三册 UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES 单元基础知识回顾 【限时：30分钟】 Ⅰ.语境识词——写出下列词汇在句中的词性和词义 1．moral/'mɒrəl/ 1)The moral of this story is “Better late than never”．___________ 2)People often talk about morals and what is virtue, but the moral dilemma is what we can't ignore in our daily routine. ____________ ________________ 3)It does require moral strength._____________________ n. 寓意 n.道德 adj.道德的 adj.道德的，道义上的 2．faint/feɪnt/ 1)Faint glimmers of daylight were showing through the trees. ________________ 2)All you can see is a faint reflection in his eyes.________________ 3)You'd better attend to that girl. I think she's going to faint. ________________ adj.微弱的 adj.不清楚的 v.昏倒； 晕厥 3．illustrate/'ɪləstreɪt/ 1)Our textbook is very well illustrated._______________________ 2)This chart is used to illustrate all the changes. ______________________ 3)He used photographs as illustration for his talk.________________ v.给(书或文章)加插图 v.(举例)说明； 阐明 n.图解，图示 4．hire/'haɪə(r)/ 1)The professor hired a young man to drive for him every day. ________________ 2)He signed up for a week's car hire.________________ v.聘任，雇用 n.租借；租用 5．reject/rI'dʒekt/ 1)He says he doesn't reject technology that allows books to be read digitally.________________ 2)I've been rejected by all the universities I applied to.____________ 3)I was annoyed at her rejection of my offer.________________ v.拒绝接受 v.不录用 n.拒绝接受 6．elect/ɪ'lekt/ 1)She has elected to become an archaeologist.________________ 2)He was elected chairman.________________ 3)The party came to power at the last election.________________ 7．tend/tend/ 1)When I'm tired，I tend to make mistakes.________________ 2)Mother was ill，so he had to tend her at home.________________ v.决定 v.选举；推选 n.选举；推选 v.倾向；趋于 v.照顾；照料 8．publish/'pʌblɪʃ/ 1)He published a book on Chinese history. ____________________ 2)Several newspapers published the story.________________ 3)She used to be a teacher，but now she works in publishing. _____________ 4)Several publishers are competing in the same market. _____________ v.出版；发表(作品) v.刊登 n.出版业 n.出版商 9．retire/rɪ'taɪə(r)/ 1)Mr.Green retired as an engineer.________________ 2)He will retire from the army next year.________________ [语境串记]　Tom is retiring next year, so he is asking Mr.Smith, a retired doctor, who is 80 years old, for some advice on how to provide for retirement. v.退休，退职 v.退役 10．saving/'seɪvɪŋ/ 1)Buy three and make a saving of 55 pence.________________ 2)She went to the bank and drew out all her savings. ________________ 3)You will save a lot of time if you go there by air. ________________ n.节省；节约 n.储蓄金；存款 v.节约，节省 11．principle/'prɪnsəpl/ 1)I refuse to lie about it; it's against my principles.______________ 2)The principle behind it is very simple.________________ n.道德原则 n.原理 12．passive/'pæsɪv/ 1)It's a sad truth that children are the biggest victims of passive smoking.________________ 2)His passive attitude made things easier for me.________________ adj.被动的 adj.顺从的 13．sharp/ʃɑːp/ 1)Cats have sharp claws.________________ 2)There is a sharp drop in the prices.________________ 3)Taking exercise will guarantee you a good sleep at night and a sharp mind during the day.________________ 4)The pencil doesn't write well; I should sharpen it before drawing.________________ adj.锋利的 adj.急剧的 adj.敏锐的 v.使锋利，削尖 14．operation/ˌɒpə'reɪʃn/ 1)The operation of this machine is simple.________________ 2)The doctor will carry out/do/perform an operation on his right leg.________________ 3)The company is a large multinational operation._______________ 4)The factory has been in operation for over 20 years. ______________ n.操作 n.手术 n.企业，公司 n.运营，经营 15．whisper/'wɪspə(r)/ 1)She whispers to me so no one else will hear.________________ 2)She leaned close to him and spoke in a whisper, so as not to disturb the others in the room.________________ 3)I've heard whispers that he's leaving, but that is not true._________ v.悄声说；耳语 低声地 n.传言 16．export n．/'ekspɔːt/　v．/ɪk'spɔːt/ 1)The company decided to export its high-quality products to international markets in order to expand its business._____________ 2)The trade gap between imports and exports remained high. ________________ vt.出口 n.出口商品 3)Facing higher import and export costs, the company is looking for ways to survive.________________ 4)The pop music has been exported around the world.___________ n.出口 v.传播 17．lap/læp/ 1)She sat on the sofa with her hands in her lap.__________________ 2)The leading car crashed midway through the tenth lap. ________________ n.(坐着时的)大腿部 n.(跑道等的)一圈 18．memory/'meməri/ 1)He is aged，but his memory is still good.________________ 2)Those songs bring back lots of good memories.________________ 3)The community gathered at the park for a ceremony in memory of those who lost their lives in the tragic accident.________________ 4)The boy can memorize the data easily.________________ n.记忆力 n.回忆 作为对……的纪念 v.记住，记忆 19．chain/tʃeɪn/ 1)The dog has got free from its chain.________________ 2)The incident caused a whole chain of disasters.________________ 3)He owns a chain of hotels.________________ n.链条；链子 n.一连串(人或事) n.连锁集团 20．disguise/dɪs'ɡaɪz/ 1)Mary disguised herself as a boy.________________ 2)She made no attempt to disguise her surprise.________________ 3)He must be a prince in disguise.________________ v.装扮；假扮 v.掩饰 n.伪装 21．tear/tIə(r)/ 1)Her heart was torn by anxiety.________________ 2)She left the room in tears so I went after her.________________ [语境串记]　Seeing the child who was still in tears tear himself away from (依依不舍地离开) her, the mother couldn't fight back her tears (抑制不住泪水) and burst into tears. And the people present were all moved to tears. v.撕，扯 流着泪 22．despair/dɪ'speə(r)/ 1)Don't despair.________________ 2)A person is most disappointed when he is in despair._____________ 23．court/kɔːt/ 1)The players warmed up on the court before the game started. _________________ 2)The judge made recommendations to the court.________________ v.绝望；感到无望 处于绝望中 n.(网球等的)球场 n.法院；法庭 24．flexible/'fleksəbl/ 1)The company's new work-from-home policy has proven to be very flexible, allowing employees to balance their professional and personal lives more effectively._______________________ 2)Online education gives students enough flexibility.________________ adj.灵活的，可变通的 n.灵活性 Ⅱ.语境用词——根据语境填写适当内容 1．majority 1)The ____________ (major) of British people are really friendly and I've made some good friends. 2)Surveys indicate that supporters of the treaty are ____________ the/a majority. 3)I graduated from Peking University and __________ (majority) in information management. majority in majored 2．complain 1)She complained to me ____________ his rudeness. 2)I have to make/pour out a ____________ (complain) about the poor quality of food and service in your restaurant. 3)Jane is my best friend and I can complain ____________ her when I am unhappy. about/of complaint to 3．respond 1)He quickly responded ____________ my email, providing all the necessary information I had requested. 2)The product was developed in ____________ (respond) to customer demand. 3)[单句写作]如果你能在星期五之前回复我的邀请，这将有助于我策划这项活动。 ______________________________________________________________________________ to response If you could respond to my invitation by Friday, it would help me with the planning of the event. 4．appoint 1)They appointed Mr.Smith ____________ (be) manager. 2)I was appointed ____________ (take) charge of arranging all the activities on that day. 3)My patient didn't turn up at the ____________ time, that is, she broke an ____________. (appoint) 4)[单句写作]我和朋友约定了这个周末去看电影。 __________________________________________________________ to be to take appointed appointment I made/had an appointment with my friend to see a film this weekend. 5．scare 1)When I had my first exam，I failed it and felt so ____________ (scare) that I even didn't want to go to school again. 2)She was scared ____________ death at the sight of a snake. [语境串记]　“Nian” is said to be a scary animal that people are all scared of, so people set off firecrackers in order to scare it away. scared to 6．replace 1)It is generally believed that teachers will never ________________ (replace) by/with computers in class. 2)[单句写作]图书管理员把书一本不差地放回了架子。 ________________________________________________________ be replaced The librarian replaced the books correctly on the shelves. 7．assist She often assists her mother ____________ (wash) bowls. [语境串记]　As an assistant, he assisted the professor with the experiment. And his assistance made the experiment easier to do. to wash 8．harm 1)It does no harm to say sorry to him first. →________________________________ to him first. 2)[一句多译]躺在床上看书对眼睛有害。 ①Reading in bed ____________ your eyes. ②Reading in bed ________________ your eyes. ③Reading in bed ________________ your eyes. There is no harm in saying sorry harms does harm to is harmful to 9．a great deal (of) ____________ great deal of money has been spent in saving the lives of the trapped miners since last year. A Ⅲ.完成句子 1．在灾难面前，没有什么是比拯救生命更紧迫的了。 In the face of disasters，nothing ___________________________． 2．他是第一个反对这项提议的人，也是唯一一个被赞扬的人。 He was the first ________________________ and the only one ________________． is more urgent than saving lives to object to the proposal to be praised 3．当我回头看时，我看到一个男孩正站在窗外。 I ________________________________________ when I looked back. 4．作为对这个顾客的投诉的回应，公司发表了正式道歉。 ________________________________________， the company issued a formal apology. 5．一切准备就绪后，我们开始包水饺。 ____________________________，we set out to make dumplings. saw a boy standing outside the window In response to the customer's complaint All the preparations made 6．老实说，我既没有时间也没有钱去参加舞会。 To be honest，I have ________________________ for the ball. 7．由于不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。 ________________________，I can't send this book to him. neither time nor money Not knowing his address Ⅳ.单元语法 单句语法填空 1．The children walked on the way home，____________ (sing) loudly. 2．________________ (dress) up nicely，they went out to take part in the festival. 3．He kept us ____________(gather) relevant information until midnight. singing Having dressed gathering 4．Their car was caught in a traffic jam, ____________ (cause) them to be late. 5．When the little girl found so many people _____________ (surround) her，she felt very nervous. 6．When I was on my way to school this morning，I saw two women ____________ (argue). 7．Don't leave the lights ____________ (burn) all night.It will waste too much electricity. causing surrounding arguing burning 8．After dressing up, he sat close to his friend, ____________ (whisper) something to him. whispering $$