U8 Period 2 Lesson 1 The Last Leaf-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8　LITERATURE Period 2　Lesson 1　The Last Leaf—Reading Comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　教材原文助读   The Last Leaf Greenwich Village is a place where the art people came together, hunting for① apartments with north-facing windows and low rents. At the top of② a three-story building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio. where引导定语从句；hunting for...是现在分词短语作状语。 ①hunt for 寻找 ②at the top of 在……顶部 最后一片叶子 格林威治村是艺术人士聚集的地方，他们在那里寻找窗户朝北(阴面)且租金低的公寓。苏和约翰西的画室就在一座三层楼的顶楼。 In November, a cold, unseen③ stranger, whom the doctors called Pneumonia④， arrived in Greenwich Village. Mr. Pneumonia placed his icy⑤ finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring⑥ at a blank⑦ wall under her blanket⑧. 此句是and连接的两个并列句；barely moving是现在分词作伴随状语。 ③unseen /ˌʌn'siːn/adj. 未受注意的；未被看见的 ④pneumonia /nju：'məʊniə/n.肺炎 ⑤icy/'aIsi/adj. 极冷的；被冰覆盖的 ⑥stare /steə/vi. 凝视，盯着看 stare at 盯着 ⑦blank /blæk/adj. 空白的 n. (纸张上的)空白处，空格 go blank 变得茫然 fill in the blanks 填空；填表 ⑧blanket/'blækIt/n. 毯子，毛毯 11月的时候，一个冷酷无情、肉眼看不见、医生称之为“肺炎”的不速之客来到了格林威治村。“肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在约翰西身上，于是她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。 The doctor took Sue aside⑨ and claimed, “She has one chance in—let us say, ten. And that chance is for her to want to live. Try to encourage her to think more hopeful thoughts, about the future, about living.” ⑨aside /ə'saId/adv. 到旁边，在旁边 take...aside 把……叫到一旁 医生把苏拉到一边，说：“她的病只有，这么说吧，只有一成希望，这一成希望在于她自己要不要活下去。试着鼓励她多想想有希望的事情，想想未来，想想活下去。” Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy's room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to⑩ raise Johnsy's spirits. Johnsy's eyes were open, but they weren't watching her. Instead, she stared out the window and counted backwards⑪： “Ten, nine, eight, seven...” ⑩in an attempt to do sth. 企图做某事 ⑪backwards /'bækwədz/adv. 往回，往前面；向后，朝后 苏拿了几张纸和一支钢笔来到约翰西的房间，开始画钢笔画，试着让约翰西打起精神。约翰西的眼睛是睁着的，但并没有看苏。相反，她凝视着窗外，倒数着“十，九，八，七……”。 “What are you counting, dear？” asked Sue. “They're falling faster now，” replied Johnsy. “Three days ago there were almost a hundred. But now it's easy. There are only five left now. Five leaves on the ivy⑫ vine⑬. When the last one falls, I must go, too. Didn't the doctor tell you？” ⑫ivy /'aIvi/n. 常春藤 ⑬vine /vaIn/n. 葡萄属植物；葡萄藤 “你在数什么啊，亲爱的？”苏问道。“它们现在掉得更快了，3天前差不多还有100片。现在数起来容易了，只剩下5片了。常春藤上有5片叶子。当最后一片掉下来的时候，我就要离开人世了，难道医生没有说吗？”约翰西回答。 “Oh, I never heard of⑭ such nonsense⑮，” quickly replied Sue. But Johnsy's mind was made up⑯. “I want to see the last one fall. I'm tired of⑰ waiting. I want to go sailing⑱ down, down, just like one of those poor, tired leaves.” see sb.do sth.看见某人做某事。 ⑭hear of 听说，了解 ⑮nonsense /'nɒnsəns/n.胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法) ⑯make up one's mind下决心，决定 ⑰be tired of 对……厌倦 ⑱sail/seIl/vi. & vt. 飘；(乘船)航行 go sailing 去航行 sail down 沿着……航行 苏立即答道：“我从未听说过这么荒谬的话。”但是约翰西决心已定。“我想看着最后一片叶子掉下来，我厌倦了等待。我想随风而逝，就像一片可怜的、疲倦的藤叶一样。” “Try to sleep，” said Sue. Then she went to fetch⑲ her neighbor, Mr. Behrman, to be a model for her drawing. He was a failed painter. In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint⑳. Sue told him about Johnsy's longing to slip㉑ away like the leaves. Behrman cried with disbelief ㉒. “Are there people in the world that foolish to think they'll die because leaves drop off㉓ from a vine? This is not a place in which Miss Johnsy shall lie sick. Someday I will paint a masterpiece, and we shall all go away㉔.” ⑲fetch/fetʃ/vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来 ⑳long to do sth. 渴望做某事 ㉑slip/slIp/vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒 slip away 溜走， 不辞而别 ㉒disbelief/ˌdIsbə'liːf/n. 不信，怀疑 ㉓drop off跌落； 下降； 快速入睡 ㉔go away 离开，带走 “试着睡一会儿吧，”苏说道。然后她去请邻居伯曼先生来做绘画模特。他是个失败的画家。40年来，他从未创作出他所渴望的杰作。苏告诉他约翰西想要像树叶一样流逝。伯曼不可置信地喊道：“世界上竟有这种愚蠢的人，认为藤叶掉落他们就得死？约翰西小姐实在不应该躺在这里生病。总有一天我要画一幅杰作，然后我们就可以离开这里。” Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. What's more㉕， a cold rain was falling, mixed with snow. 此句是and连接的两个谓语动词，第二个谓语动词后是that引导的宾语从句。 ㉕what's more 而且，更进一步 伯曼和苏望着窗外的藤蔓，发现藤枝上只剩下最后一片叶子了。更糟糕的是，外面下起冰冷的雨来，雨夹着雪。 The next morning, Johnsy woke and asked for the curtains㉖ to be opened. One leaf remained on the vine, bravely holding on㉗ in the wind and rain. “It will fall today. And I will die with it.” 此句中bravely holding on...是现在分词短语作伴随状语。 ㉖curtain/'kɜːtn/n. 窗帘；门帘；帘子 ㉗hold on 坚持住； 等一等， 别挂电话 第二天早上，约翰西醒来，让打开窗帘。藤上还留着一片叶子，在风雨中勇敢地坚持着。“它今天会掉下来的，我也会和它一同死去。” The following day, Johnsy asked again for the curtains to be opened. The leaf was still there! Johnsy lay for a long time looking at it. “I've been a bad girl, Sue，” said Johnsy. “It is a crime㉘ to want to die.” Then she asked for some food. ㉘crime/kraIm/n. 罪，罪行；犯罪活动 又过了一天，约翰西又让打开窗帘。叶子还在那儿！ 约翰西躺了很久，看着它。“我真是一个坏女孩，苏，不想活下去是罪恶。”约翰西说，然后她要了些吃的。 In the afternoon, the doctor visited, “Even chances，” said the doctor, “with good nursing, you'll win. And now I must see a fellow㉙ downstairs, Behrman. Pneumonia, too. There is no hope for him.” ㉙fellow/'feləʊ/n. 男人；家伙 下午，医生来了，“康复的希望有5成了，只要好好护理，你会胜利的。现在我得去楼下看另一位病人，伯曼先生，也是肺炎。他没有希望了。” The next day, Sue came to Johnsy's bed. “I have something to tell you，” she said. “Mr. Behrman died today. He was ill for only two days. The janitor㉚ found him lying㉛ in bed helplessly with pain yesterday morning. His shoes and clothing㉜ were wet through and icy cold. They couldn't imagine where he had been on such a terrible night. And then they found a lantern, still lit, and some brushes, and—look out the window, dear, at the last ivy leaf on the wall. Didn't you wonder why it never moved an inch㉝ when the wind blew? Ah, dear, it's Behrman's masterpiece—he painted it there the night when the last leaf fell.” where引导的宾语从句作imagine的宾语。 ㉚janitor/'dʒænItə/n. (学校或大楼的)看门人，门房，管理员 ㉛find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在做某事 ㉜clothing/'kləʊðI/n. 服装，衣服 ㉝inch/Intʃ/n. 英寸 第二天，苏来到约翰西的床前。“我有些话要告诉你，”她说。“伯曼先生今天去世了。他生病只有两天时间。昨天早晨，看门人发现他无助地躺在床上，极度痛苦。他的鞋和衣服都湿透了，冰凉冰凉的。他们想不出，在那凄风冷雨的夜里，他究竟是到什么地方去了。后来，他们找到了一盏还亮着的灯笼，还有几支画刷——亲爱的，看看窗外，墙上最后一片常春藤叶子。你不觉得奇怪吗，为什么那片叶子在风中一动不动呢？啊，亲爱的，因为那是伯曼的杰作——那天晚上最后的一片叶子掉落时，他画上去的。” Part 2　语篇研析 Order the following events correctly. ①Mr. Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay, barely moving, in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket. ②In the afternoon, the doctor visited, “Even chances，” said the doctor, “with good nursing, you'll win.” ③Johnsy was desperately staring out the window and was counting the leaves on the ivy vine. ④Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy's room and began a pen drawing, in an attempt to raise Johnsy's spirits. ⑤Mr. Behrman died. ________________ ①④③②⑤ 1．What can we infer from paragraph 1? A．Greenwich Village is a place where the art people like to live. B．Greenwich Village is a place where all people like to live. C．Greenwich Village is a place where the windows face south and rent is low. D．Greenwich Village is a place where the windows face south and rent is high. 答案：A 2．In the second paragraph，“a cold, unseen stranger” refers to ． A．a person　　　　　 B．an illness C．a beast D．an object B 3．What does Johnsy mean when she says “When the last one falls, I must go，too.”？ A.She will leave the city. B．She will die soon. C．She will fall with the leaf. D．She will recover. 答案：B 4．Who plays the most important part in helping Johnsy recover? A．Sue. B．The doctor. C．Behrman. D．Johnsy herself. 答案：C 5．Why did Mr. Behrman get pneumonia? A．He was outside in the cold rain painting the leaf on the wall. B．He served as a model for other artists at night. C．He went out with the janitor. D．He went to prevent the last leaf from falling off. 答案：A Sue and Johnsy were friends and they had their studio at the top of a three-story building. Unfortunately，Johnsy 1.____________ (suffer) from pneumonia and lay on the bed，staring out the small window and counting backwards：“Ten，nine，eight，seven...” She said 2.____________ (weak) she must go when 3.____________ last leaf fell.The doctor told Sue to encourage her to think 4.______________ (hopeful) thoughts，about the future，about living.At the same time，Sue went to fetch Mr.Behrman 5._________ suffered weakly the more hopeful who/that was a failed painter to be a model for her drawing.When Sue told him about Johnsy's longing to slip away like the 6._________ (leaf)，the old man decided something must 7.___________ (do) to keep Johnsy hopeful，especially when he saw a cold rain was falling，8._______ (mix) with snow.The next morning there was still one leaf on the ivy vine.After another terrible night，it was still there.Then Johnsy saw the power of life and wanted to live.9._____ the help of the doctor and Sue，Johnsy was out of danger 10.__________ (gradual).However，Mr.Behrman died after painting a leaf that would never fall that cold rainy night.The leaf drawn by him was an actual masterpiece. leaves be done mixed With gradually 1．Greenwich Village is a place where the art people came together，hunting for apartments with north-facing windows and low rents. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。where the art people came together 是__________从句；hunting for...为现在分词短语作__________，和从句主语the art people构成主动关系。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 定语 状语 格林威治村是艺术人士聚集的地方，他们在那里寻找窗户朝北(阴面)且租金低的公寓。 2．Mr.Pneumonia placed his icy finger on Johnsy; and she lay，barely moving，in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket. [句式分析]　此句是并列句，and是__________。barely moving和staring at a blank wall为现在分词短语作__________，和分句主语she构成主动关系。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 并列连词 状语 “肺炎先生”把他冰冷的手指放在约翰西身上，于是她躺在床上，几乎不动，盖着毯子，眼睛盯着一堵空墙。 3．Behrman and Sue looked out the window at the vine and noticed that there was just one remaining leaf. [句式分析]　此句是复合句，其中looked和noticed为并列__________；that引导__________从句；remaining意为“____________”。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 谓语 宾语 剩下的 伯曼和苏望着窗外的藤蔓，发现藤枝上只剩下最后一片叶子了。 4．What's more，a cold rain was falling，mixed with snow. [句式分析]　此句是简单句，mixed with snow为过去分词短语作__________，和a cold rain 构成被动关系。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ 状语 更糟糕的是，外面下起冰冷的雨来，雨夹着雪。 5．Didn't you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew? [句式分析]　此句是复合句，主句是一个______句，意为“________________”。why引导的是一个______从句，when引导的是__________从句。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 反问 你不觉得奇怪吗 宾语 时间状语 你不觉得奇怪吗，为什么那片叶子在风中一动 不动呢？ 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Very little is known of Emily Dickinson as the American poet always kept to herself and lived a life of solitude(隐居).She was born on 10th December 1830 at Amherst，Massachusetts to Edward and Emily Norcross Dickinson.She had an older brother，Austin，and a younger sister named Lavinia. From 1834 to 1847，Emily Dickinson studied at the Amherst Academy，an academic institution that was co-founded by her grandfather，Samuel Fowler Dickinson.In 1847，she studied at the Hadley Female Seminary (now known as Mount Holyoke College) but returned to Amherst only after a year，and began her own unique life.After returning from the Seminary，Emily withdrew from all social contact and refused to entertain guests.She chose to dress herself only in white and spent most of her time inside her room.She started writing poems at around this time.Her initial forays (最初的尝试) were conventional but later on，she experimented until she developed her own unique style. The 1860s contributed greatly to Emily Dickinson's writing style and content.The American Civil War broke out in 1861；her closest friends Samuel Bowles moved to Europe for health reasons，and Charles Wadsworth was relocated to San Francisco.In addition，she also had a persistent eye trouble.Although these years were very troublesome for Dickinson，this could also be considered as the most productive period of her life.During this time，Emily Dickinson wrote around 800 poems. Emily Dickinson never married and died on May 15，1886.Her poems were published by her sister Lavinia in 1886.During her life，only seven poems were published，but Emily Dickinson has penned almost 2，000 poems. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了优秀诗人Emily Dickinson的生平。 2 3 1 4 1．What happened to Emily in 1848? A．She studied at the Amherst Academy. B．She went to the Hadley Female Seminary. C．She felt lonely and returned to Amherst. D．She began her life of solitude. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In 1847，she studied at... only after a year...Emily withdrew from all social contact and refused to entertain guests...and spent most of her time inside her room.”可知，她不和社会接触，拒绝接待客人，大部分的时间待在房间里。换言之，她开始隐居，所以选D项。 2 3 1 4 2．What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Emily's writing was disturbed by the American Civil War. B．Two of her closest friends deserted her in 1861. C．Charles Wadsworth once lived in San Francisco. D．Emily developed her own unique style. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...and Charles Wadsworth was relocated to San Francisco.”可知，她的朋友Charles Wadsworth重新到旧金山定居。由此可知，Charles Wadsworth以前曾在旧金山居住过，所以选C项。 2 3 1 4 3．When were most of Emily's poems published? A．After her death in 1886. B．During the American Civil War. C．During her university time. D．Before her death in 1886. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her poems were published by her sister Lavinia in 1886.During her life，only seven poems were published...”可知，她生前只发表过七首诗，其他的诗是在她去世后由她的妹妹出版的，所以选A项。 2 3 1 4 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Emily's life as a poet.　 B．Emily's lifestyle. C．Emily's writing style. D．Emily's poems. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了Emily Dickinson的出生背景、求学过程、生活方式、创作诗歌的过程、去世以及诗集的出版，也就是她作为诗人的一生，所以选A项。 2 3 1 4 B Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths.But that wasn't always the case.The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s.But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging (再现) among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world，” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia.Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth's workshops.In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members' research projects.“It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem，” Mazon says.She plans to continue writing.“We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can't be artistic and that art can't be used to communicate scientific ideas，” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.“Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts，” he says.Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees.Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others.The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think.We're all just people with, hopefully, really interesting things to say and to share. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家和诗人之间的联系。文章提到了一些名人，以显示诗歌和科学并不总是被认为是互相排斥的职业道路。 5 6 7 8 5．What is the purpose of mentioning the celebrities in paragraph 1? A．To display they were talented. B．To confirm they were out of favor. C．To encourage different career paths. D．To show poetry and science can be combined. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets.The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon.Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s.But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.”可知，原文中提到了传统观念中的诗人和科学家不同，但也提到了历史上有一些科学家也具有诗人才华。提到这些历史人物的目的是表明诗歌和科学是可以相结合的。 5 6 7 8 6．What are Illingworth's workshops aimed to do? A．Promote a new science-poetry journal. B．Inspire outsiders to pursue their careers in science. C.Encourage science communication through poems. D．Get scientists to exchange ideas about the latest research. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.”可知，Illingworth的研讨会旨在鼓励通过诗歌进行科学交流。 5 6 7 8 7．What does Illingworth think of the dominant ways of science communication? A．Conventional. B．Effective. C．Innovative D．Complex. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides.”可知，Illingworth认为，科学交流倡议往往被公开讲座的幻灯片所主导，这是一种老套的方式。 5 6 7 8 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Scientists Take on Poetry B．Scientists and Poets Think Alike C．Poetry：A Great Tool to Question the World D．Science Communication：A Two-way Dialogue 答案：A 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。文中提到了一些历史人物，如数学家 Ada Lovelace 和物理学家James Clerk Maxwell 都是杰出的诗人，说明诗歌和科学在过去并不是相互排斥的领域。但是在19世纪，将两种领域结合起来的做法逐渐没落。现在，随着科学家们在寻找更多向外部人员灌输科研成果的方法，将研究成果转化为诗歌、俳句等文学形式的做法再次流行起来。文章介绍了Sam Illingworth学者和诗人的身份交替和新的科学诗歌杂志Consilience，以及他如何鼓励科学家们将自己的成果转化为韵文和诗歌，从而向更广泛的受众灌输他们的最新研 5 6 7 8 究成果。此外，文章也引用了科学家Manjula Silva的观点，认为诗歌为将复杂的科学概念转化为大家都可以理解的语言提供了方便。综上，文章主要强调科学家开始研究诗歌(通过石刻的形式传播科学)。 5 6 7 8 $$