(精讲册)02 第二讲 主从复合句（课件PPT）-【练客中考】2025年甘肃中考英语提优方案（人教版）

英语 人教版 2025甘肃 精讲册 1 第二讲 主从复合句 （兰州：6年13考；省卷：6年14考） 2 1 思维导图串考点 2 核心考点精讲练 3 01 思维导图串考点 4 返回目录 5 02 核心考点精讲练 6 命题点 1 状语从句（兰州：6年9考；省卷：6年5考） 1.初中常见状语从句引导词 （1）引导时间状语从句（兰州：6年5考；省卷：2023.6） 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 when “当……时”；引导的从句可以 用延续性动词，也可以用短暂 性动词 He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. while “正当……时；正在……时”； 引导的从句中，谓语动词必须 是延续性动词，且常用进行时 While Linda was sleeping, Jenny was helping Mary with her homework. 返回目录 7 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 as “当……时”；表示一件事情正 在发生，另一件事情也在进行 中，通常只用于一般过去时 Just as I was leaving the house, the phone rang. after “在……之后”；表示主句的动 作发生在从句的动作之后 People will get to know the advantages of your product after they use it. before “在……之前”；表示主句的动 作发生在从句的动作之前 Turn off the lights before you leave the room. 返回目录 8 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 until/till “直到……为止”；常用在 “not…until…”结构中，表示 “直到……才……” The boy didn't stop running until he reached the finishing line. since “自……以来”；主句用现在完 成时，从句用一般过去时 We have been good friends since we entered the same high school. 返回目录 9 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 as soon as “一……就……”；引导的从句 常用一般现在时，主句用一般 将来时 I will give you a call as soon as I arrive home. whenever “在任何……时候；无论何 时”；引导的从句常用一般现在 时，主句用一般将来时 Whenever we're in trouble， they'll help us. 返回目录 10 （2）引导条件状语从句（兰州：2021.27；省卷：6年2考） 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 if “如果”；从句用一般现在时，主 句通常用一般将来时 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. unless “如果不;除非”；unless 可以转 化为if…not…结构。主从句时态 与if用法一致 Unless you get enough sleep every night, you will not remember things well. 返回目录 11 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 as long as “只要”；主从句时态与if用法一 致，如果主从句动作都不是将来 的动作，时态可以根据具体情况 使用相应的时态 There is nothing to worry about as long as you work hard. 返回目录 12 （3）引导让步状语从句（兰州：6年2考；省卷：2019Ⅱ.15） 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 though/alth ough “虽然，尽管”；两者可互换 使用，都可以与 yet 连用,不 能与 but 连用 I can look after myself， although it won't be easy for me. even if/though 即使；尽管 Even if it was rainy today， they still attended the football training. 返回目录 13 从属连词 （短语） 含义及用法 例句 whether “是否”；常用于句型 “whether… or not”与 “whether… or…”句型中 She hasn't decided whether to go camping or not. whatever “无论什么”；等于 no matter what Whatever you want to be， you need to work hard to achieve it. whenever “无论何时”；等于no matter when Whenever I read this book， I feel happy. 返回目录 14 （4）引导原因状语从句（兰州：2019.80；省卷：2024Ⅱ.6） 从属连词 含义及用法 例句 because “因为”；常用来回答由why引 导的问句,不能与so连用 I'd like to join the Music Club because I can play the piano. since “因为;既然”；语气比because 弱 Since we have already grown up, we cannot act like little babies. as “因为;由于”；引出的原因在 说话人看来已经很明显，无需 强调 As you were out, I left a message. 返回目录 15 （5）引导目的状语从句 从属连词短语 含义及用法 例句 so that “以便……”；后接从 句，只能用于句中 They sped up so that/in order that they could get there on time. in order that “为了……”；后接从 句，可用于句首或句中 返回目录 16 （6）引导结果状语从句 从属连 词短语 含义 用法 so…that … 如 此……以 至 于… … so修饰的中心词是形容词或副词，结构为 “so+adj./adv.+that…”。可与“too…to…”结构互换 such…th at… such修饰的中心词是名词， 结构为“such+a/an+adj.+可 数名词单数+that…”或“such+adj.+不可数名词/可数名 词复数+that…” 返回目录 17 （7）引导方式状语从句 连词（短语） 含义及用法 例句 as 按照……的方式，像…… 一样；通常置于主句之后 When in Rome, do as the Romans do. as if/ though 似乎，好像 Virginia smiles as if she is the happiest person in the world. 返回目录 18 2.主句与从句时态一致问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，主句和从句的时态一致一般分为 三种情况： 类型 含义 例句 主将 从现 主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现 在时表将来 If she comes here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her. 主祈/ 情从 现 主句是祈使句或主句中含有情态动 词，从句用一般现在时表将来 Be quiet when you are in the reading room. 返回目录 19 类型 含义 例句 过去 时态 主从句都是在叙述过去的事情，则 主从句可以用一般过去时或过去进 行时 My sister was playing the piano when I got home yesterday. 【注意】since引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般 过去时。如： Our English teacher has worked in this school since she graduated from Peking University. 返回目录 20 Ⅰ.语法与情景对话 1.（2024省卷Ⅱ.6）Many students lose marks simply ___ they do not read the questions carefully. A.unless B.so C.before D.because 2.（2023省卷Ⅱ. 6）Let's wait ___ the rain stops. A.so B.while C.since D.until √ √ 返回目录 21 3.（2021省卷Ⅱ.15）___ you practice every day， you won't make any progress. A.Although B.Unless C.If D.Since 4.（2020兰州38）___ it was raining heavily, the policemen were still working on the roads. A.If B.Because C.Although D.Until 5.（2020省卷Ⅱ.8)You will feel cold ___ you don't wear a coat. A.so B.though C.if D.unless √ √ √ 返回目录 22 6.—I don't think I can finish the task. —Don't say so. You will never know your strong abilities ___ you try. A.after B.until C.if D.since 7.If you go to Kunming in winter, you ___ lots of birds from the north of China. A.see B.saw C.will see D.have seen 8.___ you face difficulties, don't give up. Remember that every challenge is a chance to grow. A.Though B.Unless C.Until D.When √ √ √ 返回目录 23 9.Little George read the story again and again ___ he could tell it to his younger sister. A.because B.so that C.unless D.even if 10.—Please review the language points in your notebook as often as possible, or you may make the same mistakes. —Thanks, Mr. Green. I will do ___ you told me. A.if B.when C.until D.as √ √ 返回目录 24 11.Lisa ___ the Summer Palace twice since she came to Beijing. A.visits B.visited C.has visited D.was visiting 12.Work hard ___ it's too late to achieve your dream. A.before B.after C.when D.until √ √ 返回目录 25 Ⅱ.完成句子 13.（2021省卷Ⅷ.3）自我开始学英语以来，我结识了很多外国朋友。 I have made many foreign friends ______ I _____________ learning English. since started/began 14.自从上次见到我们的小学同学以来，已经过去了三年多的时间了。 It has been more than three years ______ we last _____ our primary school classmates. since saw 返回目录 26 15.你应该坚持锻炼，除非你不在乎你的健康。 You should stick to taking exercise _______ you do not care about your _______. unless health 16.David感到很幸运，因为他的爱好已经给他带来了快乐和成功。 David feels very lucky, ________ his hobby has _________ him pleasure and success. because brought 17.科技发展日新月异，以至于我们对未来一无所知。 Science and technology is developing in ______ a rapid way _____ we have no idea about the future. such that 返回目录 27 Ⅲ.任务型完形填空微语篇 when, whether, unless, if, before, although Self-discipline（自律） means controlling one's thoughts and behavior. 18._________ your teachers or parents are around or not, you should have a better ability to keep yourself studying. Get started here with these easy steps. Set up a good study area at home for yourself. 19._______ you have a suitable study environment, you will find it hard to keep focused. Make sure the area is quiet so that you can pay attention to your study. Whether Unless 返回目录 28 Study in groups. Group study can help students learn course materials better. 20._______ you study in a group, take some time to review what you have learned. Make a plan for each subject. 21.___ you can wisely manage your time, it can help you reduce time wasting. When If when, whether, unless, if, before, although 返回目录 29 22._______ you start any task, take a moment to remind yourself of your goals. 23.__________ it's hard to learn to control yourself, you can enjoy many benefits, such as stopping putting off your plans and having more confidence. Learning self-discipline is a skill that can help you achieve your dream. Before Although when, whether, unless, if, before, although 返回目录 30 命题点 2 宾语从句（兰州：2020.39；省卷：6年7考） 宾语从句三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.宾语从句的连接词 连接词 作用 例句 that 本身无意义，在从句中不作成 分，只起连接作用，在口语或非 正式文体中常省略 He said（that） he would go to the seaside. if/whether 意为“是否”，在从句中不作成 分，但不可省略；句末有or not 时，只能用whether He asked me whether/if I could help him. 返回目录 31 连接词 作用 例句 连接代词 （what/which/who /whose/whom等） 在从句中作一定的成分，如：主 语、宾语、定语等 He asked me whose book it was. （作定语） 连接副词 （when/where/ why/how等） 在从句中作状语 Could you tell me where you are from？ 返回目录 32 2.宾语从句的语序 无论主句是什么语序，在宾语从句中，必须用陈述句语序，即“主语 +谓语+其他”。但是，当连接代词本身在宾语从句中充当主语时，则要保 持原来的语序，即“连接代词+谓语+其他”。如: 返回目录 33 3.宾语从句的时态 宾语从句的时态应遵循以下三个原则： 类型 含义 例句 需要 性原 则 主句若是现在时（包括一般现在时、 现在进行时、现在完成时）或将来 时，从句时态随句意 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. 呼应 性原 则 主句若是过去时（包括一般过去时、 过去进行时），从句用过去的某种时 态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、 过去将来时、过去完成时） He told me that he would take part in the high jump. 返回目录 34 类型 含义 例句 特殊 性原 则 若从句表示客观真理或永久性情况， 无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般 现在时 He told me that the earth revolves around the sun. 返回目录 35 4.疑问词+不定式 （1）疑问代词what, which和疑问副词how, when, where等和动词不定式 一起构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： When to go to Beijing hasn't been decided yet.（作主语） I haven't decided yet when to leave.（作宾语） The difficulty was how to cross the river.（作表语） （2）“疑问词+不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如： Can you tell me where to get the scarf?=Can you tell me where I can get the scarf? 返回目录 36 5.否定前移 在含有think（认为）, believe（相信）, suppose（设想）, expect （期待）等动词的宾语从句中，如果从句中的谓语动词要用否定形式，则 其否定式要前移，即将主句的谓语动词think, believe, suppose, expect等 变为其否定形式。如： I think you are right.→I don't think you are right. 返回目录 37 Ⅰ.语法与情景对话 24.（2024省卷Ⅱ.11）—Excuse me, do you know ___? —Sure. There's a supermarket down the street. A.where I can buy some vegetables B.how to get to the post office C.when the band starts playing D.why he's late for school again √ 返回目录 38 25.（2023省卷Ⅱ.15）—Do you know ___？ —Yes， there's one here. It's in the store. A.whom he is talking with B.when I can get to the hotel C.how to use the machine D.if there's a restroom around here √ 返回目录 39 26.（2022省卷Ⅱ.13）I wonder ___. A.that April is the hottest month in Thailand B.do you know where I can buy some medicine C.whether June is a good time to visit Gansu D.how can I improve my pronunciation √ 返回目录 40 27.（2021省卷Ⅱ.14）—Can you tell me ___？ —The day after tomorrow. A.when we had the school leavers' party B.when did we have the school leavers' party C.when will we have the school leavers' party D.when we will have the school leavers' party √ 返回目录 41 28.（2020省卷Ⅱ.14）—Do you know ___？ —Sorry. I've never had an e-book before. Why not read the instructions first？ A.how can I turn the e-book on B.how I can turn the e-book on C.where can I buy an e-book D.where I can buy an e-book √ 返回目录 42 29.（2019省卷Ⅱ.5）I wonder ___ Tom had a good time having a picnic yesterday. A.that B.if C.what D.which 30.—Kate, could you tell me ___? —Sure. To share my favourite book with my classmates. A.who you took part in the Reading Festival with B.why you took part in the Reading Festival C.where you took part in the Reading Festival D.when you took part in the Reading Festival √ √ 返回目录 43 31.—Could you tell me ___? —Better than I expected. A.when you took your exams B.how your speech was C.if you went to the concert D.why you left your hometown √ 返回目录 44 32.—Excuse me. Could you tell me ___? —At the new bookstore beside our school. A.who bought you the magazine B.how did you buy the magazine C.where you bought the magazine D.why you bought the magazine √ 返回目录 45 33.—What did the teacher say just now? —He asked me ___. A.who I am shouting at B.why I looked angry then C.when I will go to the concert D.how could I do the maths problem 34.He has been here for months, but nobody knew ___. A.where he comes from B.where was he from C.where did he come D.where he was from √ √ 返回目录 46 35.—Alex, do you know ___? —Yes, it's going to be ready for use after the summer vacation. A.who the new science lab is set for B.who is the new science lab set for C.when the new science lab will open D.when will the new science lab open √ 返回目录 47 Ⅱ.任务型完形填空微语篇 whether, that, what, how, why One day Jack saw Amanda sitting in her seat unhappily. He wanted to know 36.______ happened to her. “What's the matter with you?” Jack asked. “I wonder 37._____ I can't draw pictures as well as Abby does. Her pictures look so beautiful,” Amanda said. “I quite understand your feeling. But you should stop comparing yourself with others,” Jack said. what why 返回目录 48 “I see. Even though I try my best to do everything, I always think about 38._________ I can draw as well as her,” Amanda replied. “I think everyone has his or her own standard for being better. You should follow your own steps to study hard. And I promise 39._____ you'll be excellent as you work so hard.” Jack said. After that, Amanda knew 40._____ to treat herself correctly. She worked harder than before. whether that how whether, that, what, how, why 返回目录 49 命题点 3 定语从句（关系从句）（兰州：6年3考；省卷：6年2考） 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。引导定语从 句的词叫关系词。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。其基本结构 为：先行词+关系词+定语从句。如： Do you know ？ 引导定语从句的有关系代词who, that, which, whom, whose和关系 副词when, where, why。初中阶段要求掌握that, which, who引导的定语 从句，关系副词在本书不讲解。 返回目录 50 1.关系代词的用法 先行词 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 that/who that/who/whom/省略 whose 指物 that/which that/which/省略 whose 关系词有三个作用：①引导定语从句；②代替先行词；③在定语从句中 充当某种成分。 返回目录 51 返回目录 52 2.使用关系代词的特殊情况 （1）关系代词只能用that的情况 分类 例句 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 He was the first person that gave us some useful advice. 先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， none， the one， little， few等不定代词 Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last等修饰 It is the only word that I don't know in the passage. 返回目录 53 分类 例句 先行词中同时含有人和物 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避 免重复，只能用that Who is the man that is standing over there？ 返回目录 54 （2）关系代词只能用which的情况 分类 例句 当关系词前面有介词， 且指物时 The company in which he works is big. 先行词本身是that， those时 Those which are on the desk are English books. 返回目录 55 Ⅰ.语法与情景对话 41.（2021省卷Ⅱ.12）A true friend is a person ___ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A.whom B.whose C.who D.which 42.（2020兰州33）I will never forget the young man ___ saved my mom in the fire. A.when B.which C.where D.who √ √ 返回目录 56 43.（2019兰州37）The movie ___ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth. A.who B.which C.where D.when 44.(2019省卷Ⅱ.13)I prefer music ___ has great lyrics. A.who B.whose C.that D./ 45.—Do you like watching TV, Lucy? —Yes, very much. And Moving China is the best TV program ___ I've ever watched. A.that B.which C.what D.who √ √ √ 返回目录 57 46.—What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ___ I've got. A.who B.which C.what D.whose 47.Mr Wu is a teacher ___ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. A.which B.when C.what D.who √ √ 返回目录 58 48.I made a speech on the men and things ___ I had seen abroad. A.that B.who C.which D.what 49.—What's that ___ is under the desk? —It's the movie poster my friend gave me. A.that B.who C.which D.what √ √ 返回目录 59 Ⅱ.任务型完形填空 but, why, though, after, who, if, until, so, when, and There was a man who failed in his business. 50.________ he worked hard, failure was all that he had seen. 51.______ he tried again and again, he left everything behind and went into a forest. In the forest, he met an old man 52._____ had lived there for a long time. He shared his experience with the old man. “Can you tell me 53._____ I should keep on? I can't find a reason to persist,” he asked the old man. Though After who why 返回目录 60 “Look,” the old man said, pointing to two plants. “Do you see that fern（蕨类植物） and bamboo there?” “Yes,” the man answered. “54._______ I planted their seeds（种子）, I took very good care of them. Within a short time, the fern quickly grew from the earth,” the old man went on. When but, why, though, after, who, if, until, so, when, and 返回目录 61 “I watered and took care of the bamboo seed for years, 55._____ it didn't sprout（发芽）. There was no sign of growth. But I did not give up and went on looking after it. In the fifth year, a small sprout came out. 56._____ within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall. The little bamboo tree had been growing underground 57.______ it developed a root system（根系） strong enough for its ground growth. 58.___ it hadn't done this, it would not be as strong as it is now. 59.____ you know, all the time you were trying, you were actually growing strong roots,” the old man said. but And until If So but, why, though, after, who, if, until, so, when, and 返回目录 62 温馨提示 请完成《课后提升练》P60～62习题 返回目录 63 64 $$