2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件

2025-03-25
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第十九课时:词汇和语法 基础模块1 Unit10 对口升学英语一轮复习 复习目标 认读重点词汇 01 02 掌握现在完成时的基本用法 认读重点词汇和短语 01 一、单词(汉译英) 感激的,表示感谢的________________ 阴凉________________ 陈述,表达________________ 愉快________________ 安德鲁克里斯________________ 森林________________ 受伤________________ 饥饿的,挨饿的________________ 出乎某人的意料________________ 宠物________________ 感谢信________________ 细节________________ 支持的,鼓励的________________________________ 给人印象深刻的,令人敬佩的________________ 土地;领土________________ 各种不同的________________ 俄罗斯(国家名)________________ 德国(国家名)________________ 打开包装________________ 包裹________________ 诚挚的________________ 教授________________ 代替________________ 敲_____________ 重点词汇 Reading 对某人有帮助________________ 感恩某人________________ 帮助某人解决问题________________ 起初________________ 害怕________________ 逃跑________________ 为……感到难过________________ 靠近________________ 最后 几天后________________ 跟……斗________________ 令人惊奇地是________________ Speaking 跟某人谈论________________ 写感谢信________________ 看起来焦虑________________ 给某人写信________________ 添加几行________________ 关心;在乎;担忧;关怀________________ 重点短语 掌握现在完成时的基本用法 02 学习目标 1.掌握现在完成时的含义和基本结构 2.掌握现在完成时动词变过去分词的规则 时态 完成情况 具体意义 例句 现在完成时 完成 现在时间前完成的动作对现在的影响或留下的结果 He has already repaired the watch.他已经修好了手表。We have been to Beijing twice.我们去北京两次了。 现在时间前完成的动作 He is reading the books that he has bought recently. 他正在读最近买的书。 (在时间或条件状语从句中)表示在将来的某个时间前要完成的动作 I’ll return the book to you as soon as I have finished it. 我一读完这本书就还给你。 未完成 到现在为止尚未完成的动作 He has lived in Zhengzhou since last summer. 自从去年夏天以来他一直住在郑州。 一、 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时用于表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态,常与just, yet, ever,never,already,recently,once,twice,so far等连用。 句型 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其它. I havealready spentall of my money.我已经花光了我所有的钱。 否定句 主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词+其他. He hasn't comeback yet. 他还没有回来。 一般疑问句 ——Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其它?——Yes,主+have/has./No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t. —Haveyou madenew friends this term?——你新学期交到新朋友了吗?—Yes, I have./No, Ihaven’t.——是的,我交了。/不,我没交。 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词过去分词+其它? Where haveyou beenduring the winter holiday?寒假你去哪里了? 二、现在完成时的各种句式结构 1.规则动词:直接在动词后面加-ed 。过去分词和过去式相同。 构成形式 动词原形 动词过去式 过去分词 一般动词词尾加-ed work worked worked 以e结尾的动词加-d close closed closed 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将y变i,再加-ed study studied studied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词(x除外),先双写辅音字母,再加-ed stop stopped stopped 重读r音节结尾的动词先双写r,再加-ed prefer preferred preferred 三、动词的过去分词的构成有两种形式 构成类型 原形——过去式——过去分词 A—A—A let—let—let cost—cost—cost A—B—A become—became—become run—ran—run A—B—B catch—caught—caught sweep—swept—swept A—B—C do—did—donegive—gave—givenspeak—spoke—spoken 2.不规则动词 四、时间标志词 1.since与for since 自从……以来,since后跟时间点 for 持续一段时间 for后跟时间段 We have lived here since 1996. 我们从1996年起就一直住在这里。 I have been here for ten years. 我在这儿十年了。 2.already与yet already 已经,常用于肯定句; yet 尚未,常用于否定或疑问句 He has already left. 他已经离开了。 I haven’t finished my homework yet. 我还没有完成我的家庭作业。 Have you found your ruler yet? 你找到你的尺子了吗? 3.ever与never 多用于否定或疑问句。ever表“曾经”;never表“从未” —Have you ever seen this movie? —No, I have never seen it. ——你看过这部电影吗? ——不,我从来没见过它。 4.in the past/last+一段时间 指的是从现在算起往前推的一段时间 In the past three years, I have learned a lot. 在过去的三年中,我学了很多。 He has made rapid progress in the last three months. 在过去的三个月他进步很快。 五、have/has gone与have/has been 前者意为“去了”;后者意为“去过” He has gone to Shanghai. 他去了上海。 They have been to Hangzhou twice. 他们已经去过杭州两次了。 课堂练习 (一)单项填空 ( )1. He _____to Beijing twice. A. has gone B.has been C.have gone D.have been ( )2. —Has the plane arrived? —Yes, it____. A. has B. have C. hasn’t D. haven’t ( )3. He ____ English for 5 years. A. have studied B. has studied C. have study D. has study ( )4. —I've got the final Harry Potter book. —You will love it. I ____ it twice already. A. am reading B. have read C. was reading D. will read ( )5. In the past few years there_____great changes in my hometown. A. have been B. were C. has been D. are ( )6. My aunt is a writer. She ____ more than ten books since 1980. A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. will write ( )7. — ____you ever ____ this song? —Yes, I have. It is very wonderful. A. Did; hear B. Do; hear C. Have; hear D. Have; heard ( )8. —Have you had your breakfast, Nick? — Yes, I have had it ____. A. yet B. ever C. never D. already ( )9. — Do you know him well? — Of course. We ____ friends since ten years ago. A. were B. have been C. are D. had been ( )10.We ____seen each other for 10 years. A. hasn’t B. haven’t C. won’t D. didn’t 1. B。has been to 表示去过某地(已回来);has gone to 表示去了某地(未回来)。他去过北京两次,用 has been to。主语是 he,谓语动词用单数。 2. A。Has...?的肯定回答是 Yes, it has.;否定回答是 No, it hasn't.。 3. B。for 5 years 是一段时间,要用现在完成时,主语是 he,谓语动词用 has studied。 4. B。already 常与现在完成时连用,have read 表示已经读过两次了。 5. A。in the past few years 是现在完成时的标志词,changes 是复数,用 have been。 6. C。since 1980 是现在完成时的标志词,主语是 she,用 has written。 7. D。ever 常与现在完成时连用,have/has + 动词的过去分词,hear 的过去分词是 heard。 8. D。already 用于肯定句,表示“已经”;yet 用于否定句和疑问句;ever 曾经;never 从不。 9. B。since ten years ago 是现在完成时的标志词,be friends 是延续性动词短语,用 have been。 10. B。for 10 years 是一段时间,要用现在完成时,主语是 we,用 haven't。 (二)汉译英 1. 我们尚未决定去哪里。 2. 我已经完成我的作业了。 3. 你们去过北京吗? 4. 他还没读过这本书。 5. 我们自从三年前就在这个学校学习了。 (二)汉译英 1. We haven't decided where to go yet. 2. I have already finished my homework. 3. Have you ever been to Beijing? 4. He hasn't read this book yet. 5. We have been studying at this school since three years ago. 课后检测:词汇判断 ( )1. 饥饿的 A.hungry B.hard C. hurry D.hole ( )2. 愉快 A.pleasure B.place C.play D.popular ( )3. 表达,表示 A.expect B.excuse C.express D.expert ( )4. 支持的,鼓励的 A.support B.supportive C.supper D.suppose ( )5. 代替 A.invade B.insert C.instead D.involved ( )6. 抱怨,埋怨;投诉 A.complaint B.concern C.celebrate D.century ( )7. 包裹 A.partner B.pants C.path D.package ( )8. 土地,领土 A.save B.share C.soil D.soul ( )9. 感激的 A.great B.grate C.greeting D.grateful ( )10. 诚挚的 A.sincere B.since C.surprise D.soil 词汇判断答案与解析 1. 答案:A。解析:“hungry”的意思是“饥饿的”;“hard”意为“硬的;困难的”;“hurry”是“匆忙”;“hole”是“洞”,所以选 A。 2. 答案:A。解析:“pleasure”有“愉快;快乐”的意思;“place”是“地方”;“play”是“玩;演奏”;“popular”是“流行的;受欢迎的”,所以选 A。 3. 答案:C。解析:“express”表示“表达,表示”;“expect”是“期待”;“excuse”是“原谅;借口”;“expert”是“专家”,所以选 C。 4. 答案:B。解析:“supportive”意为“支持的,鼓励的”;“support”是“支持”(动词);“supper”是“晚餐”;“suppose”是“假设;认为”,所以选 B。 5. 答案:C。解析:“instead”表示“代替”;“invade”是“入侵”;“insert”是“插入”;“involved”是“涉及;卷入”,所以选 C。 6. 答案:A。解析:“complaint”有“抱怨,埋怨;投诉”的意思;“concern”是“关心;担忧”;“celebrate”是“庆祝”;“century”是“世纪”,所以选 A。 7. 答案:D。解析:“package”是“包裹”;“partner”是“伙伴”;“pants”是“裤子”;“path”是“小路”,所以选 D。 8. 答案:C。解析:“soil”意为“土地,领土”;“save”是“拯救;节省”;“share”是“分享”;“soul”是“灵魂”,所以选 C。 9. 答案:D。解析:“grateful”是“感激的”;“great”是“伟大的;好的”;“grate”是“磨碎”;“greeting”是“问候”,所以选 D。 10. 答案:A。解析:“sincere”表示“诚挚的”;“since”是“自从;因为”;“surprise”是“惊讶”;“soil”是“土地”,所以选 A。 选择填空 ( )1. I'm grateful_______my teachers for their deep love for me. A.with B.to C.at D.on ( )2. It is good for us to eat at home instead of _______ to a restaurant every day. A. go B. goes C. going D. went ( )3. My sister can ________ at least four foreign languages. A. say B. talk C. speak D. speech ( )4. This kind of wood ________ make furniture. A. use to B. used for C. is used to D. is used for ( )5. They went to the village on foot ______ by bus. A. instead of B. instead C. in stead for D. take place of ( )6. I visited several cities in China, ______ Beijing, Shanghai, Xi'an and so on. A. such as B. for C. so as D. for example ( )7. He wants you ______ him back at 6:00 p.m. A. call B. to call C. called D. calling ( )8. Many tall buildings ______ in my hometown in the past five years. A. have built B. have been built C. had built D. were building ( )9. The Whites ______ in China for ten years. A. has lived B. lived C. have lived D. lives ( )10. The population of the world has grown faster ______ four hundred years. A. for the past B. in the past C. for past D. in past 选择填空答案与解析 1. 答案:B。解析:be grateful to sb. 表示“对某人感激”,是固定搭配,故选B。 2. 答案:C。解析:instead of 后面接动词 - ing 形式,意为“而不是做某事”,故选C。 3. 答案:C。解析:speak后面接语言,say后面接说话的内容,talk是不及物动词,常与about、with等连用,speech是名词,故选C。 4. 答案:C。解析:be used to do sth.表示“被用来做某事”,这种木材被用来制作家具,故选C。 5. 答案:A。解析:instead of 后面接名词、代词或动名词,表示“代替;而不是”,他们步行去村庄而不是坐公交车,故选A。 6. 答案:A。解析:such as用来列举同类事物中的多个例子,for example 一般只列举一个例子,故选A。 7. 答案:B。解析:want sb. to do sth. 表示“想要某人做某事”,故选B。 8. 答案:B。解析:in the past + 时间段,是现在完成时的标志,且建筑物是被建造,要用被动语态,故选B。 9. 答案:C。解析:The Whites表示怀特一家人,是复数概念,for ten years是现在完成时的标志,故选C。 10. 答案:B。解析:in the past + 时间段,意为“在过去的……里”,故选B。 $$

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2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件
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2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件
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2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件
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2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件
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2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件
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2025年中职英语一轮复习语文版(2021)基础模块1 Unit 10 词汇和语法课件
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