UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2024）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures v．-ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1．(教材P16)“…Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking (think) of the high tuition fees. 2．(教材P16) Thinking (think) of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 3．(教材P17)The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing (play) a key role. 4．(教材P20)He crashed into the stone, spilling (spill) the milk everywhere. 5．(教材P20)The king watched all day as many people complained about the stone, but he found nobody making (make) an attempt to move it. [自我感知] 1．句 1、2、4 为v.-ing形式作状语。 2．句 3、5 为v.-ing形式作宾语补足语。 一、现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语 现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语时，表示正在进行的动作或经常存在的状态。现在分词(短语)常作以下动词(短语)的宾语补足语。 1．表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词(短语)(常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等)＋sb＋doing sth(作宾补)。 ►I felt somebody standing behind me. 我感觉有人站在我后面。 ►I saw the little boy crying there. 我看到小男孩在那儿哭。 2．表示指使意义的使役动词(常见的有have, let, keep, get, leave等)＋sb/sth＋doing sth(作宾补)。 ►We kept the fire burning all night long. 我们让火整夜燃烧着。 ►I won't have you running about in the room. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。 [提示] 使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”；接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。 ►Be careful, or you'll have your hands hurt. 当心，否则你会弄伤手的。 3．用于with复合结构中。 ►I couldn't do my homework with the noise going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。 ►With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.这么多人看着她，她感到紧张。 [即时训练1]——单句语法填空 (1)When I passed by his office, I heard him singing (sing) a Chinese song. (2)With so many people focusing (focus) on him, he felt very nervous. (3)A balanced diet is very important because we need enough energy to keep our body functioning (function) well. (4)He had the walls painted (paint) this morning. 二、现在分词(短语)作状语 (一)现在分词(短语)作状语的用法 现在分词(短语)在句中作状语用来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。 1．作时间状语(相当于一个时间状语从句) ►Walking in the park, she saw an old friend. →When/While (she was) walking in the park, she saw an old friend.当她在公园里散步时，她看到了她的一个老朋友。 [提示] 当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分词前面加上when或while，此时也可理解为状语从句的省略。 2．作原因状语(一般可转换成由as或because引导的原因状语从句) ►Being ill, he couldn't go to school. →As he was ill, he couldn't go to school. 因为生病了，他无法去上学。 3．作条件状语(一般放在句首，其前可以加if, unless等连词) ►Working hard, you'll make great progress. →If you work hard, you'll make great progress. 如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。 4．作结果状语 现在分词(短语)作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。 ►The plate dropped from her hands, breaking into pieces. 盘子从她手中掉了下来，摔成了碎片。 [提示] 现在分词(短语)作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，有时前面可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较： ►He was caught in the rain, thus making himself catch a cold.他被雨淋了，因而感冒了。 ►I hurried to school, only to find it was Sunday. 我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。 5．作让步、方式和伴随状语 现在分词(短语)作让步、方式和伴随状语时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生，此时它可转换成并列句。 ►Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book. →Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book. 玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。 [提示] 为强调现在分词表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when, while，强调与谓语动词同时发生；加上before, after，强调动作先后发生；加上thus，强调结果；加上(al)though，强调让步等。 ►Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.尽管他们了解这一切，但还是让我赔偿损失。 [即时训练2]——单句语法填空 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ) Recalling (recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.” (2) Using (use) a stick, the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes. (3) Having been (be) ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. (4)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, making (make) air conditioning unnecessary. (二)现在分词(短语)作状语的注意事项 1．现在分词的时态 现在分词(短语)作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing)，还是用完成式(having done)。 (1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用分词的一般式。 ►Walking along the street, I saw this bar. 我正在大街上行走时，看到了这个酒吧。(Walking和谓语动词saw同时发生) (2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。 ►Having finished the letter, he went to post it. 他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(Having finished是先发生的，went是后发生的) [即时训练3]——单句语法填空 (1) Having tried (try) many times, he still couldn't their link. (2) Having worked (work) for three hours, he took a rest. (3) Having lived (live) in Beijing for years, I almost know every place quite well. (4) Seeing (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note. 2．现在分词的语态 使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。 ►Having been shown around the factory, they were very happy.(现在分词的被动式) 被带领参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。 ►Having finished his homework, he went to bed.(现在分词的主动式) 完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。 ►Having tried many times, he still couldn't overcome his difficulties.(现在分词的主动式) 尽管尝试了多次，但他仍未克服困难。 [即时训练4]——单句语法填空 (1) Having spent (spend) all his money, the boy had to give his mother a call. (2) Having been told (tell) for several times, he still couldn't understand the rules. (3) Having received (receive) his reply, she rang him up. (4) Having been asked (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. 3．现在分词的否定式：not＋v.-ing; not having＋v.-ed ►Not knowing what to do, the children had to wait for their parents to come back.不知道要做什么，孩子们只好等他们的父母回来。 ►Not having made full preparations, we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。 4．独立主格 现在分词(短语)作状语，有时它也可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。 ►The trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 meters. 那些树非常高，其中一些高达90多米。 ►The weather being fine, we went out for a walk.由于天气好，我们去散步了。 [即时训练5]——用现在分词(短语)的独立主格结构改写下列句子 (1)If weather permits, we shall go there on foot. → Weather permitting , we shall go there on foot. (2)After Mary came back, they discussed it together. → Mary coming back , they discussed it together. 5．现在分词(短语)作评注性状语 有些现在分词(短语)在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”， judging by/from…“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration “从全盘考虑”。 ►Judging from his behaviour, he must be mad. 从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．He forgot to turn on the radio, thus missing (miss) the program. 2．The villagers saw the fire burning brightly in the distance. When they hurried there, they found some houses burnt to the ground already.(burn) 3．Jackson stood in front of his son, trying (try) to control his anger. 4． Wandering (wander) along the street, Frederick caught sight of a homeless dog. 5．His parents got killed in the earthquake， leaving (leave) him an orphan. 6． Compared (compare) with many other women, she leads a very happy life. 7．Their car was caught in a traffic jam， causing (cause) them to be late. 8． Given (give) another five minutes, I can finish the work on time. 9． Having finished (finish) the 800-meter race, he was out of breath. 10．On the bank of the river, we found him lying (lie) on a bench, with his eyes fixed (fix) on a kite in the sky. Ⅱ.句型转换 1．If you work hard, you'll succeed in passing the exam. → Working hard , you'll succeed in passing the exam. 2．When they heard their teacher's voice, the pupils stopped talking at once. → Hearing their teacher's voice , the pupils stopped talking at once. 3．If we stand on the top of the hill, we can see our beautiful school. → Standing on the top of the hill , we can see our beautiful school. 4．After/When he had finished his homework, the boy was allowed to watch TV plays. → Having finished his homework , the boy was allowed to watch TV plays. 5．Because he didn't know how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. → Not knowing how to work out the difficult physics problem, he asked the teacher for help. Ⅲ.语法与写作 1．昨晚，几百万人通过电视观看了开幕式的现场直播。 Last night, there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony live on TV. 2．如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。 Turning to the left , you will find the path leading to the park. 3．这部电影他已看过两遍了，他不想去看了。 Having already seen the film twice , he didn't want to go to the cinema. 4．由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。 Not having heard from her son for a long time, the mother worried a great deal. 5．我们白天不应该开着灯。 We shouldn't keep our lights burning in the day. 6．安德鲁喜欢看窗外一列列驶过的火车。 Andrew likes watching the trains going by from the window. 1 (教材P18)I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to be heard. 我看见她对他耳语了几句，显然不想被人听见。 whisper　vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语 n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传 ①whisper sth to sb把某事悄悄告诉某人 whisper sth in/into one's ear在某人耳旁小声说某事 It is/was whispered that… 有人私下说……；据秘密传闻…… ②in whispers/a whisper低声地 It is whispered that he is heavily in debt, so I think he can't pay for a new house. 据说他负债累累，所以我认为他买不起新房子。 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)在婚礼上，杰克低声对她说话，以免别人听到。 In the ， Jack whispered to her so that no one else could hear. (2)因为他总是小声说话，所以有时很难听清楚他在说什么。 He always talks in a whisper/in whispers , so it's sometimes difficult to hear what he's saying. 2 (教材P18)Despite the difficult situation, Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.尽管情况困难，白求恩大夫还是尽其所能帮助中国人民。 句型：whatever引导名词性从句 ①whatever, whichever, who(m)ever既可引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性从句； ②no matter what, no matter which, no matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。 He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. 无论他们做什么，他总是尽全力参与。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)He promised to give a great reward to whoever found the watch. [习作练笔]——一句多译 (2)无论你选哪一条路，它都通向车站。 ① Whichever road you take , it will lead you to the station. ② No matter which road you take , it will lead you to the station. assist　vt.帮助；援助 ①assist sb to do sth帮助某人做某事 assist sb in/with sth在某方面帮助某人 assist sb in doing sth帮助某人做某事 ②assistance n.帮助；协助 come to one's assistance援助某人 with the assistance/help of在……的帮助下 ③assistant n.助手，助理 Luckily, Mark will assist me to arrange an important meeting. 幸运的是，马克会帮我安排一个重要的会议。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (3)We're looking for volunteers who would be willing to assist us in/with the group's work. (4)With the assistance (assist) of his teacher, the boy gradually adjusted to the new school life. (5)You'd better ask the shop assistant (assist) to reduce the price. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (6)每当我们有困难时，我们的班主任都会来帮助我们。因此，在他的帮助下，我们在学习上取得了很大的进步。 Whenever we are in trouble, our headteacher will come to our assistance . Therefore, with the assistance of him , we have made a great deal of progress in our studies. 3 (教材P18)After Dr Bethune's death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him.白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章纪念他。 in memory of　作为对……的纪念 in praise of　赞美，歌颂 in honour of 纪念；向……表示敬意 in search of 寻找 in charge of 负责；掌管 She set up an educational fund in memory of her parents. 她成立了一个教育基金会来纪念她的父母。 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)Can you tell me who is in charge of (负责) the whole company? (2)He went to the city in search of (寻求) a better life. (3)People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in memory of/in honour of (纪念) Qu Yuan, who was a famous Chinese poet. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$