精品解析：江苏省海安高级中学2024-2025学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题

2024-2025学年度第二学期高一年级阶段检测 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How is the weather now? A Clear. B. Cloudy. C. Foggy. 2. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. The man’s loss of balance. B. A problem with computer files. C. The computer mouse being broken. 3. What does the woman mean? A. She has to move forward. B. She regrets her decision. C. She plans to give up. 4. What does Brain think of his role as a full-time husband? A. Frustrating. B. Rewarding. C. Boring. 5. What is the man’s suggestion? A. Waiting for better chances. B. Planning carefully what to say. C. Taking a paid holiday immediately. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What will Jeff bring to school tomorrow? A. Pies. B. Cakes. C. Muffins. 7. What does the boy want to do? A. Learn to look after himself. B. Make cherry pies for his mom. C. Try the freshly baked carrot cake. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Sarah concern about? A. Which course to register for. B. Whether to sign up for a course. C. How to organize study materials. 9. What advice does the man give Sarah to solve her problem? A. Focus on her goals. B. Think about her interests. C. Ask her classmates for help. 10. What is Sarah’s next step? A. Dropping a course. B. Reviewing her notes. C. Managing her time. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is wrong with the exercise bike? A. It is totally out of order. B. Its LCD screen are broken. C. Some of its parts went wrong. 12. How does the woman propose to deal with the exercise bike? A. By offering free on-site maintenance. B. By arranging a paid technical check. C. By giving a free check plus extra costs for parts. 13. How long is the exercise bike’s guarantee period? A. 15 months. B. 12 months. C. 6months. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What kind of life does Lori Robinson have? A. Busy. B. Peaceful. C. Stressful. 15. What motivated Lori Robinson to contribute to Wildlife Conservation? A. Her love for animals. B. Her work with Dr. Jane Goodall. C. Her education in environmental studies. 16. Which experience left a deep impression on Lori Robinson? A. Her first tour in South Africa. B. Her trip to a botanical garden. C. Her first safari in Etosha National Park. 17. Who set a good example for Lori Robinson? A. Dr. Jane Goodall. B. Her father. C. A wildlife tour guide. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker first introduce about IVHQ? A. Application. B. Training. C. Cost and fees. 19. What is covered by the Program Fee for IVHQ volunteers? A. Travel insurance and flights. B. Training and preparation materials. C. Accommodation, meals and airport pick-up. 20. How soon must IVHQ volunteers pay the Program Fee if they start in less than 30 days? A. Within 30 days of the start date. B. Within 7 days of being accepted. C. Within 2 days of securing the place. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Our Jane Austen Book Box Program is designed to help schools, libraries, and community group introduce Austen to new generations and diverse readers. If you work with children in grades K-12 in the U.S. or Canada and would like to introduce them to Austen, we invite you to apply for a FREE Jane Austen Book Box. Who Can Apply Schools, libraries, and community programs serving students in grades K-12 in the U.S. and Canada can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box. Book Boxes are not available to individuals or for-profit organizations, and they are not intended for resale. How the Program Works ▶Submit an Application ●Download the Book Box Application Form. Review the books available through the program, decide which title(s) you would like to receive and how many, and add that information to the application form. You may request multiple copies of one book or a mix of several titles. Email the completed application to JABookBox@jasna.org. Pleaseapply at least six weeks in advance of when you would like the books to arrive ▶After Approval, Order the Book Box If your application is approved, you will receive a coupon code (优惠码) that will allow you to place yourorder on the Book Box page of the Jane Austen Books website. The cost of the books will be taken off in the checkout process. Book Boxes are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis until our funding for the year has been spent. ▶Report Your Results Book Box recipients must submit a report on the outcome of the project or program. Please email it to JABookBox@jasna.org. 1. Who can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box? A. Fans of Austen books. B. Bookstores in the U. S.. C. Kindergartens in Canada. D. For-profit organizations. 2. What will be received once the application is approved? A. A discount code. B. A confirmation email. C. An immediate book delivery. D. A list of books available. 3. What is the purpose of the program? A. To recommend a reading app. B To raise fund for a reading program. C. To sell books written by Jane Austen. D. To introduce new readers to classics. B For decades, Jean Moffatt has been reaching out over the airwaves. As an amateur radio operator, Moffatt has connected with people worldwide. “By sending signals to satellites, I’ve talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic,” Moffatt said. And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96-year-old got to go even further. An amateur radio connection allowed the senior and students to speak with Commander Luca aboard the International Space Station. By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket-list wish she had for many years. Then Moffatt asked if Luca could keep the space station clean and tidy, adding that as a “mature woman” she had done lots of cleaning in her life. When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science. She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances. Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her license. After retiring, Moffatt started volunteering at the Ontario Science Centre. Armed with her radio license, she helped set up the centre’s first radio shack (无线电设备室). The idea to connect with the International Space Station came just after Moffatt’s 36th birthday. Finally after 60 years with the help of amateur radio operators and NASA, Moffatt made her connection. While the connection wasn’t very clear, she was S moved to tears, telling those who had gathered to watch that it was the “highlight” of her life. Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added. 4. What can we learn about Moffatt from the first two paragraphs? A. She attempted an Internet talk. B. She was an environmentalist. C. She was into space exploration. D. She achieved a lifetime goal. 5. Why did Moffatt and her family move to Toronto? A. To pursue a radio license. B. To seek better opportunities. C. To attend a radio school. D. To survive financial troubles. 6. What does Moffatt plan to do further? A. Promote radio communication. B. Continue her passion for radio. C. Start her radio shack business. D. Acquire new scientific ability. 7. Which of the following can best describe Moffatt? A. Creative and ambitious. B. Out-spoken and energetic. C. Passionate and determined. D. Broad-minded and generous. C Workers, especially “knowledge workers” who can work from anywhere, have been fighting for more control over their time. While working from home in 2020 and 2021, they demonstrated to their bosses that they are able to maintain, or in some cases even increase their productivity while working flexibly. Their bosses, on the other hand, have been pulling them in the opposite direction, fighting to get workers back into the offices. This struggle has led to a significant number of employees quitting or “the Great Resignation”. While these issues have gained attention recently, they are not new. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, resignations have been steadily increasing for more than a decade. Part of the reason for this increase, it seems, is that workers have been contemplating the kinds of lives they want and reflecting on the role they want work to play in their lives. The reality is that people spend a lot of their lives working, and because of that, people’s day-to-day work experiences have a substantial impact on how satisfied they are with their lives. Does having control over their time actually make workers happier and more likely to stay in their jobs? To find out, we analyzed survey data from a wide group of people. We found that those with more control over their time had the highest job satisfaction and overall happiness. In contrast, people who felt they never had enough time reported less satisfaction with both work and life. These findings suggest that job satisfaction relies more on having control over time than on the amount of work done. Employees seek flexibility to better manage their personal and professional lives, such as fitting in exercise. Employers should listen to workers and develop flexible policies, including remote and hybrid (混合的) options. This can lead to more satisfied employees and help companies keep their best talent. Ultimately, when employees feel they have control over their time, they tend to be happier at work and in life. 8. What can we infer about people working from home according to the text? A. They are highly productive. B. They are deeply disturbed. C. They become less efficient. D. They tend to talk in person. 9. What does the author think causes “the Great Resignation”? A. The rapidly changing workplace. B. A conflict between workers and employers. C. The desire to sharpen the soft skills. D. A lack of room available for personal growth. 10. What does the underlined word “contemplating” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Tolerating. B. Considering. C. Suspecting. D. Criticizing. 11. What is the author’s suggestion for employers? A. Meet employees’ diverse needs. B. Provide modern workplaces. C. Cut down on their living expenses. D. Employ lower-paid workers. D Have you ever felt so convinced you were right about something, that the thought of anyone challenging your belief could only mean they didn’t know as much as you did? If you have, you’re not alone. Here’s why: you don’t have all the facts, but believe that you do. So you may stand your ground during heated debates, according to a new study. “Most people on average do this,” said the study co-author Angus Fletcher, a professor at Ohio State University. In the experiment, 1,261 adults were divided into three groups to read an article about a fictional school that lacked water. One group read an article that only gave reasons why the school should merge (合并) with another that had water; the second group’s article only gave reasons for staying separate and hoping for other solutions. The third control group read all the arguments for the schools merging and for staying separate. Fletcher’s findings showed that the two groups who received only half the facts-either just the pro-merging or the just the anti-merging arguments- -believed they had enough information to make a good decision. What Fletcher didn’t expect the most was that once everyone was given the other half of the argument, their opinions shifted to be equal to the control group who had both sets of facts from the beginning. Therefore, curiosity about all sides of an argument can help resolve conflicts naturally. “If you feel yourself being annoyed by someone, lake a step back and say, how much do I really know about this situation?” Fletcher says. What led to greater understanding between the different groups in the study was access to all of the facts. Once each group independently reviewed the new information, they were able to come to a general agreement more easily. He recommends that if you find yourself conflicting with a loved one or coworker, to pause and get curious about why they are thinking the way they are. “The odds are good that they’ll reveal something that would shift your perspective,” Fletcher says. 12. What do we tend to do during a heated debate according to the text? A. Stick to our opinion. B. Express our feelings. C. Hold back our emotions. D. Bring forth our thinking. 13. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning the experiment? A. Its process. B. Its outcome. C. Its theory. D. Its purpose. 14. What surprised Fletcher about the findings? A. Perspectives of control groups remained unchanged. B. Participants sought the opposite groups’ information. C. All three groups were good at making wise decisions. D. Views of half-informed groups changed with full facts. 15. What can be a suitable title of the text? A. Argument: to be resolved or not B. Knowledge: the more, the better C. Agreement: to convince all sides D. Curiosity: the key to “no conflict” 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What if we take a closer look at the food chains in a garden? ____16____ Or how, as we put it in another way, everything gardens. I began by looking at which larger predatory (捕食性的) creatures are in my garden. Some predators are at the tops of the food chains. Others, of course, can be both predators and prey (猎物). ____17____ Working out the place occupied by various wildlife in my garden comes next. With most creatures in the garden, including common pests (有害动物), the key to successfully living with them and preventing population explosions lies in understanding what they eat and what eats them, that is, their place within garden food chains. We also need to understand that there will never be just one food chain in operation. ____18____ Just think of the number of different things that will eat different insect species. Looking at who is eating what, when, and where in our gardens can help us not only understand our gardens better but also get them to function better and find our own place as a gardener within the systems. ____19____ While these creatures are sometimes considered pests, they are extremely beneficial to keep the ecosystem in balance. Seeing connections with an open mind can help a gardener understand nothing in the world works on its own. ____20____ A. Why should we work out what eats what in a garden? B The interdependence between garden creatures is limited. C. Different creatures will compete over various forms of prey. D. We should always let nature do some of the gardening as well. E. Moles, for example, eat earthworms and are sometimes eaten by foxes. F. We may begin to truly understand how every creature shapes its environment. G. For example, tracing the food chains in my garden, I let field mice inhabit the space. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分55分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school? What does it take to make you feel like your contribution in those places is truly ___21___? Knowing what ___22___ you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals. Psychologists have a wide variety of ways of describing and ___23___ motivations because people care about so many different things. Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: ___24___ (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world). Authors Adrian Gostick and Chester Elton identified 23 motivations, including creativity, challenge and learning. Some motivations, such as money, social position and praise, are ___25___. These are the tools bosses typically use to encourage their employees to ___26___. Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and ___27___ like one’s work is significant, come from within the person doing the action. These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be ___28___. Since a wide variety of motivations exist, it’s important to understand which ones are ___29___ to you. Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn’t appeal to you will make it ___30___ to convince yourself to work. When choosing a career think about what motivates you and make decisions ___31___. If you are motivated by overcoming challenges, ___32___ a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level. In some fields, certain motivations may become a duty. ___33___, managers motivated by a desire to please others may struggle to give negative feedback because they fear hurting team members’ feelings. People motivated by external rewards sometimes struggle to meet goals they set for themselves that no one else knows about. They can ___34___ this problem by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable. When you know what motivates you, you will be able to motivate yourself to do the things necessary to succeed. And if you are a ___35___, knowing what motivates your team will enable you to help them do the same. 21. A. realistic B. worthwhile C. sufficient D. constant 22. A. affects B. motivates C. convinces D. challenges 23. A. distinguishing B. gaining C. inspiring D. changing 24. A. responsibility B. creativity C. learning D. achievement 25. A. temporary B. lasting C. external D. understandable 26. A. stop B. relax C. imagine D. excel 27. A. smelling B. sounding C. seeming D. feeling 28. A. looked into B. kept up C. taken away D. dealt with 29. A. persuasive B. obvious C. ordinary D. efficient 30. A. important B. difficult C. necessary D. miserable 31. A. regularly B. accordingly C. progressively D. immediately 32. A. look for B. put aside C. take down D. make up 33. A. By contrast B. In addition C. For instance D. To date 34. A. create B. identify C. solve D. consider 35. A. producer B. teacher C. doctor D. leader 第二节 语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Alipay has expanded the nation’s payment services market, with its new product - Alipay Tap! - recently becoming available in Guangzhou, Guangdong province. Tens of thousands of stores and restaurants across the city have started using the service, with about 100,000 restaurants nationwide, including some McDonald’s outlets, ____36____ (apply) to start using the new technology. With the service, ____37____ was introduced by Ant Group’s payment arm in July, users can make payments simply by keeping the phone screen ____38____ (unlock) and then tapping their smartphones against the cash register. Senior or the ____39____ (visual) damaged can now make payments without finding a payment code, which has significantly reduced the barrier ____40____ using mobile payments. To continue improving payment services, the State Council released ____41____ guideline earlier this year, focusing on providing higher-quality, more effective and more convenient payment services for senior citizens and foreign visitors. ____42____ (meet) the demand of the elderly and foreigners, the guideline ____43____ (stress) the need to expand the acceptance rate of bank card payments. Large business districts, tourist attractions, hotels, hospitals and other key locations are required to support diversified payment ____44____ (option), including mobile, bank card and cash payments. “We will continue to focus on key cities, bettering product experiences, expanding scene _____45_____ (open) through partnerships and conducting diverse operational activities to boost local consumption vitality,” said Gao, product manager of Alipay Tap! 第三节 单句填空（共25个小题；每小题1分，满分25分） 46. The human brain needs to be without oxygen for only four minutes before ______ (永久的) damage occurs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. The idea ______ (吸引) to young people is to travel around the world after graduation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. She has published more than 20 books including novels, poetry and ______ (文学的) criticism. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 49. The satellite ______ (发射) last month has sent back valuable data. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. The historical monument is at risk of ______ (destroy) by years of neglect and natural disasters. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. Plants are also ______ (有能力) of distinguishing between different wavelengths of light. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. I was walking on the beach when a thought ______ (闪现) through my mind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 53. He remains a t______ (出色的) figure in rock and roll. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 54. We’ve looked at everything from how ______ (生物多样性) relates to species stability, to competition for forests resources and more. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 55. He explains that the ______ (消失) of one animal can have serious consequence to remaining species in that habitat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 56. For the youngest learners, it means they are more likely to get exposed to different v______ (种类) of play and communication. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 57. At the current rate of decline, many of the rain forest animals could become ______ (灭绝的) in less than 10 years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 58. ______ (以……为特色) unique design, the new product attracted many customers as soon as it was launched. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 59. The government is expected to i______ (宣布、公布) a new set of economic policies. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 60. The ______ (大陆的) climate is characterized by hot summers and cold winters. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 61. They use special tools to l______ (延长) the lifespan of the machine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 62. He felt that working as a cleaner was ______(配不上)his dignity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 63. There were m______（大量的）of people in the shops yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 64. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and ______ (决心)。(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 65. It is u______ (普遍地) acknowledged that forests are indispensable to us. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 66. ______ (利用) on his past experiences, he came up with a creative solution. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 67. D______ (致力于) himself to bringing up the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 68. You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the ______ (上下文、语境). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 69. ______ (defeat) their opponents in the upcoming match, the team trained day and night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. She is very ______(体贴的、感觉敏锐的) to other people’s feelings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假如你是某学校的学生会主席，你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召同学出境时文明旅游。内容包括： 1.学生在出境旅游时不文明行为带来的影响； 2.学生文明出境旅游的具体倡议（至少三点） 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年度第二学期高一年级阶段检测 英语 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How is the weather now? A. Clear. B. Cloudy. C. Foggy. 2. What is the main topic of the conversation? A. The man’s loss of balance. B. A problem with computer files. C. The computer mouse being broken. 3. What does the woman mean? A. She has to move forward. B. She regrets her decision. C. She plans to give up. 4. What does Brain think of his role as a full-time husband? A. Frustrating. B. Rewarding. C. Boring. 5. What is the man’s suggestion? A. Waiting for better chances. B. Planning carefully what to say. C. Taking a paid holiday immediately. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What will Jeff bring to school tomorrow? A. Pies. B. Cakes. C. Muffins. 7. What does the boy want to do? A. Learn to look after himself. B. Make cherry pies for his mom. C. Try the freshly baked carrot cake. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What does Sarah concern about? A. Which course to register for. B. Whether to sign up for a course. C. How to organize study materials. 9. What advice does the man give Sarah to solve her problem? A. Focus on her goals. B. Think about her interests. C. Ask her classmates for help. 10. What is Sarah’s next step? A. Dropping a course. B. Reviewing her notes. C. Managing her time. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11 What is wrong with the exercise bike? A. It is totally out of order. B. Its LCD screen are broken. C. Some of its parts went wrong. 12. How does the woman propose to deal with the exercise bike? A. By offering free on-site maintenance. B. By arranging a paid technical check. C. By giving a free check plus extra costs for parts. 13. How long is the exercise bike’s guarantee period? A. 15 months. B. 12 months. C. 6months. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What kind of life does Lori Robinson have? A. Busy. B. Peaceful. C. Stressful. 15. What motivated Lori Robinson to contribute to Wildlife Conservation? A. Her love for animals. B. Her work with Dr. Jane Goodall. C. Her education in environmental studies. 16. Which experience left a deep impression on Lori Robinson? A. Her first tour in South Africa. B. Her trip to a botanical garden. C. Her first safari in Etosha National Park. 17. Who set a good example for Lori Robinson? A. Dr. Jane Goodall. B. Her father. C. A wildlife tour guide. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What does the speaker first introduce about IVHQ? A. Application. B. Training. C. Cost and fees. 19. What is covered by the Program Fee for IVHQ volunteers? A. Travel insurance and flights. B. Training and preparation materials. C. Accommodation, meals and airport pick-up. 20. How soon must IVHQ volunteers pay the Program Fee if they start in less than 30 days? A. Within 30 days of the start date. B. Within 7 days of being accepted. C. Within 2 days of securing the place. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Our Jane Austen Book Box Program is designed to help schools, libraries, and community group introduce Austen to new generations and diverse readers. If you work with children in grades K-12 in the U.S. or Canada and would like to introduce them to Austen, we invite you to apply for a FREE Jane Austen Book Box. Who Can Apply Schools, libraries, and community programs serving students in grades K-12 in the U.S. and Canada can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box. Book Boxes are not available to individuals or for-profit organizations, and they are not intended for resale. How the Program Works ▶Submit an Application ●Download the Book Box Application Form. Review the books available through the program, decide which title(s) you would like to receive and how many, and add that information to the application form. You may request multiple copies of one book or a mix of several titles. Email the completed application to JABookBox@jasna.org. Pleaseapply at least six weeks in advance of when you would like the books to arrive ▶After Approval, Order the Book Box If your application is approved, you will receive a coupon code (优惠码) that will allow you to place yourorder on the Book Box page of the Jane Austen Books website. The cost of the books will be taken off in the checkout process. Book Boxes are awarded on a first-come, first-served basis until our funding for the year has been spent. ▶Report Your Results Book Box recipients must submit a report on the outcome of the project or program. Please email it to JABookBox@jasna.org. 1. Who can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box? A. Fans of Austen books. B. Bookstores in the U. S.. C. Kindergartens in Canada. D. For-profit organizations. 2. What will be received once the application is approved? A. A discount code. B. A confirmation email. C. An immediate book delivery. D. A list of books available. 3. What is the purpose of the program? A. To recommend a reading app. B. To raise fund for a reading program. C. To sell books written by Jane Austen. D. To introduce new readers to classics. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了简·奥斯汀的图书箱计划，该计划旨在帮助学校、图书馆和社区组织向新一代和不同读者介绍简·奥斯汀的作品。文章详细讲解了申请的流程和注意事项。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Who Can Apply中“Schools, libraries, and community programs serving students in grades K-12 in the U.S. and Canada can apply for a Jane Austen Book Box (在美国和加拿大，为K-12年级学生提供服务学校、图书馆和社区项目可以申请简·奥斯汀书箱)”可知，加拿大幼儿园符合申请条件。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据After Approval,Order the Book Box中“If your application is approved, you will receive a coupon code(优惠码) (如果您的申请被批准，您将收到一个优惠码)”可知，一旦申请被批准，将会收到一个优惠码。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Our Jane Austen Book Box Program is designed to help schools, libraries, and community group introduce Austen to new generations and diverse readers (我们的简·奥斯汀图书箱计划旨在帮助学校、图书馆和社区团体向新一代和不同读者介绍奥斯汀)”可知，该计划的目的是向新读者介绍经典作品。故选D。 B For decades, Jean Moffatt has been reaching out over the airwaves. As an amateur radio operator, Moffatt has connected with people worldwide. “By sending signals to satellites, I’ve talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic,” Moffatt said. And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96-year-old got to go even further. An amateur radio connection allowed the senior and students to speak with Commander Luca aboard the International Space Station. By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket-list wish she had for many years. Then Moffatt asked if Luca could keep the space station clean and tidy, adding that as a “mature woman” she had done lots of cleaning in her life. When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science. She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances. Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her license. After retiring, Moffatt started volunteering at the Ontario Science Centre. Armed with her radio license, she helped set up the centre’s first radio shack (无线电设备室). The idea to connect with the International Space Station came just after Moffatt’s 36th birthday. Finally after 60 years with the help of amateur radio operators and NASA, Moffatt made her connection. While the connection wasn’t very clear, she was S moved to tears, telling those who had gathered to watch that it was the “highlight” of her life. Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added. 4. What can we learn about Moffatt from the first two paragraphs? A. She attempted an Internet talk. B. She was an environmentalist. C. She was into space exploration. D. She achieved a lifetime goal. 5. Why did Moffatt and her family move to Toronto? A. To pursue a radio license. B. To seek better opportunities. C. To attend a radio school. D. To survive financial troubles. 6. What does Moffatt plan to do further? A. Promote radio communication. B. Continue her passion for radio. C. Start her radio shack business. D. Acquire new scientific ability. 7. Which of the following can best describe Moffatt? A. Creative and ambitious. B. Out-spoken and energetic. C. Passionate and determined. D. Broad-minded and generous. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是96岁的业余无线电爱好者Jean Moffatt通过无线电与国际空间站实现通话，达成毕生梦想的故事及其对科学的热爱。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的““By sending signals to satellites, I’ve talked to people from the Arctic to the Antarctic,” Moffatt said. And on Wednesday at the Ontario Science Centre, the 96-year-old got to go even further.(“通过向卫星发送信号，我与来自北极到南极的人们进行了对话，” Moffatt说道。而在周三的安大略科学中心，这位96岁的老人得以走得更远。)”以及第二段中的“By connection, Moffatt told the astronaut she was very excited, admitting that this was a bucket-list wish she had for many years.(通过这次连接，Moffatt告诉宇航员她非常激动，并承认这是她多年来的愿望清单之一。)”可知，Moffatt通过业余无线电与国际空间站的指挥官进行了对话，这是她多年来的愿望之一，由此可知，通过前两段我们可以了解到Moffatt实现了毕生的梦想。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science.(当Moffatt还是个小女孩时，她和家人搬到多伦多，希望那里能为对科学感兴趣的女孩子提供机会。)”可知，Moffatt和她的家人搬到多伦多是为了寻求更好的机会。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added.(Moffatt计划继续在中心做志愿者，向年轻人介绍这种较老的技术，并继续与任何能够接收到她信号的人交谈。“这是一项甚至比我年纪还大的技术，我热爱业余无线电，” Moffatt补充道。)”可知，Moffatt打算继续她在业余无线电领域的热情，并继续她的志愿工作。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“When Moffatt was a young girl, she moved to Toronto with her family, hoping there would be chances for a girl interested in science. She desperately wanted to go to university, but moving house placed a significant burden on their finances. Not discouraged, she took a course in amateur radio, then a popular technology, and shortly after she got her license.(当Moffatt还是个小女孩时，她和家人搬到多伦多，希望那里能为对科学感兴趣的女孩子提供机会。她非常渴望上大学，但搬家给家庭财务带来了沉重负担。尽管如此，她并未气馁，而是参加了一门当时很流行的业余无线电课程，并很快获得了执照。)”可知，Moffatt面对财务困难仍然追求自己的兴趣，说明她是非常坚定而又充满激情的，结合尾段中的“Moffatt plans to keep volunteering at the centre, introducing younger people to the older form of technology, and to keep speaking to anyone who can pick up her signal. “It’s a technology even older than me and I love amateur radio,” Moffatt added.(Moffatt计划继续在中心做志愿者，向年轻人介绍这种较老的技术，并继续与任何能够接收到她信号的人交谈。“这是一项甚至比我年纪还大的技术，我热爱业余无线电，”Moffatt补充道。)”可知，96岁的Moffatt仍然计划继续在中心做志愿者，继续与任何能够接收到她信号的人交谈，由此表明她对业余无线电的热情，综合以上信息可知，Moffatt是一位拥有热情和决心的人。故选C项。 C Workers, especially “knowledge workers” who can work from anywhere, have been fighting for more control over their time. While working from home in 2020 and 2021, they demonstrated to their bosses that they are able to maintain, or in some cases even increase their productivity while working flexibly. Their bosses, on the other hand, have been pulling them in the opposite direction, fighting to get workers back into the offices. This struggle has led to a significant number of employees quitting or “the Great Resignation”. While these issues have gained attention recently, they are not new. According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, resignations have been steadily increasing for more than a decade. Part of the reason for this increase, it seems, is that workers have been contemplating the kinds of lives they want and reflecting on the role they want work to play in their lives. The reality is that people spend a lot of their lives working, and because of that, people’s day-to-day work experiences have a substantial impact on how satisfied they are with their lives. Does having control over their time actually make workers happier and more likely to stay in their jobs? To find out, we analyzed survey data from a wide group of people. We found that those with more control over their time had the highest job satisfaction and overall happiness. In contrast, people who felt they never had enough time reported less satisfaction with both work and life. These findings suggest that job satisfaction relies more on having control over time than on the amount of work done. Employees seek flexibility to better manage their personal and professional lives, such as fitting in exercise. Employers should listen to workers and develop flexible policies, including remote and hybrid (混合的) options. This can lead to more satisfied employees and help companies keep their best talent. Ultimately, when employees feel they have control over their time, they tend to be happier at work and in life. 8. What can we infer about people working from home according to the text? A. They are highly productive. B. They are deeply disturbed. C. They become less efficient. D. They tend to talk in person. 9. What does the author think causes “the Great Resignation”? A. The rapidly changing workplace. B. A conflict between workers and employers. C. The desire to sharpen the soft skills. D. A lack of room available for personal growth. 10. What does the underlined word “contemplating” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Tolerating. B. Considering. C. Suspecting. D. Criticizing. 11. What is the author’s suggestion for employers? A. Meet employees’ diverse needs. B. Provide modern workplaces. C. Cut down on their living expenses. D. Employ lower-paid workers. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是研究表明，员工对工作时间的自我支配度越高，越容易在工作中获得满足感。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“While working from home in 2020 and 2021, they demonstrated to their bosses that they are able to maintain, or in some cases even increase their productivity while working flexibly. (在2020年和2021年的在家办公期间，他们向老板证明，他们能够在灵活工作的同时保持、甚至在某些情况下提高生产率。)”可知人们居家办公最有效，故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Their bosses, on the other hand, have been pulling them in the opposite direction, fighting to get workers back into the offices. This struggle has led to a significant number of employees quitting or “the Great Resignation”. (另一方面，他们的老板一直在把他们拉向相反的方向，努力让工人回到办公室。这种斗争导致了大量员工辞职或“大辞职”。)”可知作者认为雇主和员工之间的矛盾引发了大规模的离职潮，故选B项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第二段最后一句“According to data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, resignations have been steadily increasing for more than a decade. (根据美国劳工统计局（Bureau of Labor Statistics）的数据，十多年来，辞职人数一直在稳步上升。)”以及划线词之前“Part of the reason for this increase, it seems, is that workers have been (这种增长的部分原因似乎是工人们一直在)”以及划线词之后“the kinds of lives they want and reflecting on the role they want work to play in their lives. (他们想要的生活以及他们想要工作在他们生活中扮演的角色。)”可知工人们自己想要什么样的生活以及他们想要工作在他们生活中扮演什么样的角色是十多年来辞职人数一直在稳步上升的部分原因，由此可推断划线词与B项Considering意思相近，故选B项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Employers should listen to workers and develop flexible policies, including remote and hybrid (混合的) options. (雇主应该听取员工的意见，制定灵活的政策，包括远程和混合选项。)”可知作者建议雇主应该满足员工多样化的需求，故选A项。 D Have you ever felt so convinced you were right about something, that the thought of anyone challenging your belief could only mean they didn’t know as much as you did? If you have, you’re not alone. Here’s why: you don’t have all the facts, but believe that you do. So you may stand your ground during heated debates, according to a new study. “Most people on average do this,” said the study co-author Angus Fletcher, a professor at Ohio State University. In the experiment, 1,261 adults were divided into three groups to read an article about a fictional school that lacked water. One group read an article that only gave reasons why the school should merge (合并) with another that had water; the second group’s article only gave reasons for staying separate and hoping for other solutions. The third control group read all the arguments for the schools merging and for staying separate. Fletcher’s findings showed that the two groups who received only half the facts-either just the pro-merging or the just the anti-merging arguments- -believed they had enough information to make a good decision. What Fletcher didn’t expect the most was that once everyone was given the other half of the argument, their opinions shifted to be equal to the control group who had both sets of facts from the beginning. Therefore, curiosity about all sides of an argument can help resolve conflicts naturally. “If you feel yourself being annoyed by someone, lake a step back and say, how much do I really know about this situation?” Fletcher says. What led to greater understanding between the different groups in the study was access to all of the facts. Once each group independently reviewed the new information, they were able to come to a general agreement more easily. He recommends that if you find yourself conflicting with a loved one or coworker, to pause and get curious about why they are thinking the way they are. “The odds are good that they’ll reveal something that would shift your perspective,” Fletcher says. 12. What do we tend to do during a heated debate according to the text? A. Stick to our opinion. B. Express our feelings. C. Hold back our emotions. D. Bring forth our thinking. 13. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about concerning the experiment? A. Its process. B. Its outcome. C. Its theory. D. Its purpose. 14. What surprised Fletcher about the findings? A. Perspectives of control groups remained unchanged. B. Participants sought the opposite groups’ information. C. All three groups were good at making wise decisions. D Views of half-informed groups changed with full facts. 15. What can be a suitable title of the text? A. Argument: to be resolved or not B. Knowledge: the more, the better C. Agreement: to convince all sides D. Curiosity: the key to “no conflict” 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是研究发现人们在辩论中倾向于坚持自己的观点，而全面了解信息和保持好奇心能够有效帮助解决冲突，促进相互理解。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Here’s why: you don’t have all the facts, but believe that you do. So you may stand your ground during heated debates, according to a new study.(原因如下：你并没有掌握所有的事实，但你认为自己掌握了。因此，根据一项新的研究，在激烈的辩论中你可能会坚守自己的立场。)”可知，在激烈的辩论中，即使没有掌握全部事实，人们也倾向于坚持自己的观点。故选A项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“In the experiment, 1,261 adults were divided into three groups to read an article about a fictional school that lacked water.(在实验中，1261名成年人被分成三组，阅读一篇关于一所缺水的虚构学校的文章。)”以及下文介绍的将参与者分成三组，每组阅读不同版本的文章可知，第三段主要介绍的是研究的过程。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What Fletcher didn’t expect the most was that once everyone was given the other half of the argument, their opinions shifted to be equal to the control group who had both sets of facts from the beginning.(Fletcher最没想到的是，一旦每个人都获得了另一半的论点，他们的观点就会发生变化，与从一开始就拥有全部事实的控制组持平。)”可知，那些只了解了一半信息的小组，在获得另一半信息后，他们的观点发生了变化。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文以及文章介绍的一项关于人们在辩论中倾向于固守自己观点的现象的研究，并通过一项实验说明了全面了解信息的重要性和倒数第二段中的“Therefore, curiosity about all sides of an argument can help resolve conflicts naturally.(因此，对争论各方的好奇心可以帮助自然地解决冲突。)”以及尾段中的“He recommends that if you find yourself conflicting with a loved one or coworker, to pause and get curious about why they are thinking the way they are.(他建议，如果你发现自己与亲人或同事发生冲突时，暂停一下并对他们的想法产生好奇。)”可知，通过研究结果表明，好奇心可以帮助自然地解决冲突，并建议在与他人发生冲突时，暂停并好奇对方的想法可能会改变你的视角，这表明好奇心是解决冲突的关键因素，所以题目“好奇心：解决“冲突”的关键”可以概括文章的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 What if we take a closer look at the food chains in a garden? ____16____ Or how, as we put it in another way, everything gardens. I began by looking at which larger predatory (捕食性的) creatures are in my garden. Some predators are at the tops of the food chains. Others, of course, can be both predators and prey (猎物). ____17____ Working out the place occupied by various wildlife in my garden comes next. With most creatures in the garden, including common pests (有害动物), the key to successfully living with them and preventing population explosions lies in understanding what they eat and what eats them, that is, their place within garden food chains. We also need to understand that there will never be just one food chain in operation. ____18____ Just think of the number of different things that will eat different insect species. Looking at who is eating what, when, and where in our gardens can help us not only understand our gardens better but also get them to function better and find our own place as a gardener within the systems. ____19____ While these creatures are sometimes considered pests, they are extremely beneficial to keep the ecosystem in balance. Seeing connections with an open mind can help a gardener understand nothing in the world works on its own. ____20____ A. Why should we work out what eats what in a garden? B. The interdependence between garden creatures is limited. C. Different creatures will compete over various forms of prey. D. We should always let nature do some of the gardening as well. E. Moles for example, eat earthworms and are sometimes eaten by foxes. F. We may begin to truly understand how every creature shapes its environment. G. For example, tracing the food chains in my garden, I let field mice inhabit the space. 【答案】16. F 17. E 18. C 19. G 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍通过观察花园里生物链了解花园里的生态系统。 【16题详解】 由上文“What if we take a closer look at the food chains in a garden? (如果我们仔细观察花园里的食物链会怎样呢？)”及下文“Or how, as we put it in another way, everything gardens. (或者，用另一种方式说，万物如何造园)”可知，上文提出了一个关于花园里食物链的问题，本空应对此问题进行回答，且与下文“万物如何造园”相一致。F选项“We may begin to truly understand how every creature shapes its environment. (我们可能开始真正了解每种生物是如何塑造其环境的。)”能够回应上文的问题，且指出每种生物是如何塑造其环境，与下文万物如何造园相一致，符合题意。故选F。 【17题详解】 由上文“I began by looking at which larger predatory (捕食性的) creatures are in my garden. Some predators are at the tops of the food chains. Others, of course, can be both predators and prey (猎物). (我先看看我的花园里有哪些大型的捕食性生物。一些捕食者处于食物链的顶端。当然，其他的既可以是捕食者也可以是猎物。)”可知，上文提到了花园里的捕食者和猎物，本空应举例说明捕食者既可以是顶端捕食者也可以同时成为其他动物的食物，E选项“Moles, for example, eat earthworms and are sometimes eaten by foxes. (例如，鼹鼠吃蚯蚓，有时也被狐狸吃掉。)”举了一个捕食者和猎物的例子，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 由上文“We also need to understand that there will never be just one food chain in operation. (我们还需要明白，永远不会只有一条食物链在运行。)”及下文“Just think of the number of different things that will eat different insect species. (想想会有多少不同的东西吃不同的昆虫种类。)”可知，本空应强调花园里食物链的多样性，C选项“Different creatures will compete over various forms of prey. (不同的生物会为各种形式的猎物而竞争。)”说明了不同生物会因为食物而竞争，进一步说明了食物链的多样性，能承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上文“Looking at who is eating what, when, and where in our gardens can help us not only understand our gardens better but also get them to function better and find our own place as a gardener within the systems. (看看谁在花园里吃什么，什么时候吃，什么地方吃，这不仅能帮助我们更好地了解我们的花园，还能让它们更好地发挥作用，并在这个系统中找到我们作为园丁的位置。)”及下文“While these creatures are sometimes considered pests, they are extremely beneficial to keep the ecosystem in balance. (虽然这些生物有时被认为是害虫，但它们对保持生态系统的平衡非常有益。)”可知，本空应强调理解和接受花园中所有生物的角色对于维持生态平衡的重要性，G选项“For example, tracing the food chains in my garden, I let field mice inhabit the space. (例如，在追踪花园里的食物链时，我让田鼠栖息在这个空间里。)”提供了一个实际的例子，说明如何通过允许某些生物存在来维持生态平衡，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。 【20题详解】 由上文“Seeing connections with an open mind can help a gardener understand nothing in the world works on its own. (以开放的心态看待联系可以帮助园丁理解世界上没有什么东西是独自运作的。)”可知，上文强调以开放的心态看待联系，本空应强调大自然的园艺作用，D选项“We should always let nature do some of the gardening as well. (我们也应该让大自然做一些园艺工作。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选D。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分55分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school? What does it take to make you feel like your contribution in those places is truly ___21___? Knowing what ___22___ you can help you find meaning in your work and make efforts to reach your goals. Psychologists have a wide variety of ways of describing and ___23___ motivations because people care about so many different things. Psychologist David McClelland identified three main motivations for people: ___24___ (the feeling of success), affiliation (close relationships) and power (the ability to influence the world). Authors Adrian Gostick and Chester Elton identified 23 motivations, including creativity, challenge and learning. Some motivations, such as money, social position and praise, are ___25___. These are the tools bosses typically use to encourage their employees to ___26___. Other motivations, including fun, personal growth and ___27___ like one’s work is significant, come from within the person doing the action. These ideals, called internal motivations, tend to be more reliable than external ones because they represent things that can never be ___28___. Since a wide variety of motivations exist, it’s important to understand which ones are ___29___ to you. Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn’t appeal to you will make it ___30___ to convince yourself to work. When choosing a career, think about what motivates you and make decisions ___31___. If you are motivated by overcoming challenges, ___32___ a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level. In some fields, certain motivations may become a duty. ___33___, managers motivated by a desire to please others may struggle to give negative feedback because they fear hurting team members’ feelings. People motivated by external rewards sometimes struggle to meet goals they set for themselves that no one else knows about. They can ___34___ this problem by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable. When you know what motivates you, you will be able to motivate yourself to do the things necessary to succeed. And if you are a ___35___, knowing what motivates your team will enable you to help them do the same. 21. A. realistic B. worthwhile C. sufficient D. constant 22. A. affects B. motivates C. convinces D. challenges 23. A. distinguishing B. gaining C. inspiring D. changing 24. A. responsibility B. creativity C. learning D. achievement 25. A. temporary B. lasting C. external D. understandable 26. A. stop B. relax C. imagine D. excel 27. A. smelling B. sounding C. seeming D. feeling 28. A. looked into B. kept up C. taken away D. dealt with 29. A. persuasive B. obvious C. ordinary D. efficient 30. A. important B. difficult C. necessary D. miserable 31. A. regularly B. accordingly C. progressively D. immediately 32. A. look for B. put aside C. take down D. make up 33. A. By contrast B. In addition C. For instance D. To date 34. A. create B. identify C. solve D. consider 35. A. producer B. teacher C. doctor D. leader 【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是理解和识别个人动机的重要性，以及这些动机如何影响我们的工作、学习和职业生涯选择。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：怎样才能让你觉得你在这些地方的贡献是真正值得的？A. realistic现实的；B. worthwhile值得的；C. sufficient足够的；D. constant持续不断的。根据下文“help you find meaning in your work”可知，此处表示“让你觉得你在这些地方的贡献是真正值得的”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道是什么激励着你可以帮助你找到工作的意义，并努力实现你的目标。A. affects影响；B. motivates激励；C. convinces使信服；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“Why do you pull yourself out of bed every morning to go to work or school”可知，此处是说知道是什么激励你。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：心理学家有各种各样的方法来描述和区分动机，因为人们关心的事情太多了。A. distinguishing区分；B. gaining得到；C. inspiring激励；D. changing改变。根据下文“identified three main motivations”可知，心理学家用各种各样的方法来区分动机。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：心理学家David McClelland确定了人们的三个主要动机：成就（成功的感觉），隶属关系（亲密关系）和权力（影响世界的能力）。A. responsibility责任；B. creativity创造力；C. learning学习；D. achievement成就。根据下文“the feeling of success”可知，给人带来成功的感觉的应该是成就感。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有些动机，如金钱、社会地位和表扬，是外在的，这些是老板通常用来鼓励员工超越的工具。A. temporary暂时的；B. lasting持久的；C. external外部的；D. understandable可理解的。根据上文“money, social position and praise”可知，金钱、社会地位和表扬都是外在的。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些动机，如金钱、社会地位和表扬，是外在的，这些是老板通常用来鼓励员工超越的工具。A. stop停止；B. relax放松；C. imagine想象；D. excel超过，胜过。根据上文“money, social position and praise”可知，金钱、社会地位和表扬是老板用来鼓励员工超越的工具。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他动机，包括乐趣、个人成长和感觉自己的工作很重要，都来自于做这件事的人的内心。A. smelling闻；B. sounding听起来；C. seeming似乎；D. feeling感觉。根据下文“like one’s work is significant”可知，此处表示感觉自己的工作很重要。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些理想，被称为内在动机，往往比外在动机更可靠，因为它们代表着永远不能被带走的东西。A. looked into调查；B. kept up保持；C. taken away拿走；D. dealt with处理。根据上文“fun, personal growth”，“one’s work is significant”和“These ideals, called internal motivations”可知，乐趣、个人成长和感觉自己的工作很重要这些内在的动机是不能被带走的。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于存在各种各样的动机，了解哪些动机对你有说服力是很重要的。A. persuasive有说服力的；B. obvious明显的；C. ordinary普通的；D. efficient高效的。根据上文“it’s important to understand which ones are”和下文“convince yourself to work”可知，了解哪些动机对你有说服力是很重要的。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试图用一种不吸引自己的方式来激励自己，会让你很难说服自己去工作。A. important重要的；B. difficult困难的；C. necessary需要的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“Trying to motivate yourself in a way that doesn’t appeal to you will make it”和下文“convince yourself to work”可知，用一种不吸引自己的方式来激励自己，会让你很难说服自己去工作。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在选择职业时，想想是什么激励着你，然后做出相应的决定。A. regularly有规律地；B. accordingly相应地；C. progressively渐进地；D. immediately立刻。根据上文“think about what motivates you and make decisions”可知，想清楚了是什么激励你，这样才能相应地做出决定。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你有克服挑战的动力，那就找一份能让你不断努力达到更高水平的工作。A. look for寻找；B. put aside暂时搁置，不考虑；C. take down记下；D. make up编造。根据上文“When choosing a career”和下文“a career where you can continually try hard to reach a higher level”可知，此处表示如果你想克服挑战，那么就找一份能让你不断努力达到更高水平的工作。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，出于取悦他人的动机，管理者可能很难给出负面反馈，因为他们害怕伤害团队成员的感情。A. By contrast相比之下；B. In addition另外；C. For instance例如；D. To date到目前为止。根据下文“managers motivated by a desire to please others may struggle to give negative feedback because they fear hurting team members’ feelings”可知，空后是举的具体的一个例子。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们可以通过为自己的个人目标创造外部奖励来解决这个问题，比如找一个朋友来监督自己。A. create创造；B. identify鉴别；C. solve解决；D. consider考虑。根据下文“by creating external rewards for their personal goals such as finding a friend to hold them accountable”可知，他们是通过为自己的个人目标创造外部奖励来解决这个问题。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你是一个领导者，知道什么能激励你的团队，你就能帮助他们做到同样的事情。A. producer生产商；B. teacher老师；C. doctor医生；D. leader领导者。根据下文“motivates your team”可知，此处是假设你是一个领导者。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10个小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Alipay has expanded the nation’s payment services market, with its new product - Alipay Tap! - recently becoming available in Guangzhou, Guangdong province. Tens of thousands of stores and restaurants across the city have started using the service, with about 100,000 restaurants nationwide, including some McDonald’s outlets, ____36____ (apply) to start using the new technology. With the service, ____37____ was introduced by Ant Group’s payment arm in July, users can make payments simply by keeping the phone screen ____38____ (unlock) and then tapping their smartphones against the cash register. Senior or the ____39____ (visual) damaged can now make payments without finding a payment code, which has significantly reduced the barrier ____40____ using mobile payments. To continue improving payment services, the State Council released ____41____ guideline earlier this year, focusing on providing higher-quality, more effective and more convenient payment services for senior citizens and foreign visitors. ____42____ (meet) the demand of the elderly and foreigners, the guideline ____43____ (stress) the need to expand the acceptance rate of bank card payments. Large business districts, tourist attractions, hotels, hospitals and other key locations are required to support diversified payment ____44____ (option), including mobile, bank card and cash payments. “We will continue to focus on key cities, bettering product experiences, expanding scene _____45_____ (open) through partnerships and conducting diverse operational activities to boost local consumption vitality,” said Gao, product manager of Alipay Tap! 【答案】36. applying 37. which 38. unlocked 39. visually 40 to 41. a 42. To meet 43. stresses##has stressed 44. options 45. openness##opening 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了支付宝推出的支付宝Tap!这一服务。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：全市数以万计的商店和餐馆已经开始使用这项服务，全国约有10万家餐馆，包括一些麦当劳门店，申请开始使用这项新技术。此处apply与Tens of thousands of stores and restaurants构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填applying。 【37题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：蚂蚁支付于今年7月推出了这项服务，用户只需保持手机屏幕解锁，然后在收银机上轻敲智能手机就可以进行支付。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词service，关系词在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：蚂蚁支付于今年7月推出了这项服务，用户只需保持手机屏幕解锁，然后在收银机上轻敲智能手机就可以进行支付。此处作宾补，表示“解锁的”用形容词unlocked。故填unlocked。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：老年人或视力受损的人现在可以在没有支付代码的情况下进行支付，这大大降低了使用移动支付的障碍。修饰动词damage用副词visually。故填visually。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：老年人或视力受损的人现在可以在没有支付代码的情况下进行支付，这大大降低了使用移动支付的障碍。barrier to doing sth.表示“做某事的障碍”。故填to。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：为了继续改善支付服务，国务院今年早些时候发布了一项指导意见，重点是为老年人和外国游客提供更高质量、更有效、更便捷的支付服务。此处guideline为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了满足老年人和外国人的需求，该指导意见强调需要扩大银行卡支付的接受率。此处meet作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To meet。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：为了满足老年人和外国人的需求，该指导意见强调需要扩大银行卡支付的接受率。此处可用一般现在时，表示陈述事实；或用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，主语为guideline，谓语用单数。故填stresses/has stressed。 【44题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：大型商务区、旅游景点、酒店、医院和其他关键地点需要支持多样化的支付方式，包括手机、银行卡和现金支付。根据后文including mobile, bank card and cash payments可知数量大于一用复数形式。故填options。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：“我们将继续关注重点城市，改善产品体验，通过合作伙伴关系扩大场景的开放性，并开展多样化的运营活动，以提高当地的消费活力，”支付宝Tap！作动词的宾语，用名词openness或opening，不可数。故填openness/opening。 第三节 单句填空（共25个小题；每小题1分，满分25分） 46. The human brain needs to be without oxygen for only four minutes before ______ (永久的) damage occurs. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】permanent 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：人类的大脑只需要缺氧4分钟就会产生永久性损伤。“永久的”应用形容词permanent，作修饰damage的定语。故填permanent。 47. The idea ______ (吸引) to young people is to travel around the world after graduation. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】appealing 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：吸引年轻人的想法是毕业后环游世界。结合空后的“to”可知，“吸引”应用动词appeal，构成固定短语appeal to“吸引”，且空处是非谓语，作The idea的后置定语，appeal to和The idea逻辑上是主动关系，因此用appeal的现在分词形式。故填appealing。 48. She has published more than 20 books including novels, poetry and ______ (文学的) criticism. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】literary 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她出版了20多本书，包括小说、诗歌和文学评论。“文学的”应用形容词literary，作修饰criticism的定语，literary criticism表示“文学评论”。故填literary。 49. The satellite ______ (发射) last month has sent back valuable data. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】launched 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：上个月发射的卫星发回了有价值的数据。“发射”应用动词launch，且空处是非谓语，作The satellite的后置定语，launch和The satellite逻辑上是被动关系，结合“last month”可知，动作当时已完成，因此用launch的过去分词形式。故填launched。 50. The historical monument is at risk of ______ (destroy) by years of neglect and natural disasters. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】being destroyed 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于多年的疏忽和自然灾害，这座历史遗迹有被摧毁的危险。空处作介词of的宾语，且destroy“摧毁”和The historical monument逻辑上是被动关系，因此用destroy的动名词被动式。故填being destroyed。 51. Plants are also ______ (有能力) of distinguishing between different wavelengths of light. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】capable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：植物也能够区分不同波长的光。根据汉语提示“有能力的”，在系动词are后为形容词capable，作表语。故填capable。 52. I was walking on the beach when a thought ______ (闪现) through my mind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】flashed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我正在海滩上散步，突然一个念头闪过我的脑海。根据汉语提示“闪现”可知，应用动词flash，从句发生在过去用一般过去时。故填flashed。 53. He remains a t______ (出色的) figure in rock and roll. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】towering##owering 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他仍然是摇滚界的杰出人物。结合首字母提示可知，“出色的”应用形容词towering，作修饰figure的定语。故填towering。 54. We’ve looked at everything from how ______ (生物多样性) relates to species stability, to competition for forests resources and more. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】biodiversity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们研究了从生物多样性如何与物种稳定性相关，到森林资源的竞争等等的所有方面。根据汉语提示“生物多样性”可知，应用名词biodiversity，作宾语从句的主语，不可数名词。故填biodiversity。 55. He explains that the ______ (消失) of one animal can have serious consequence to remaining species in that habitat. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】disappearance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他解释说，一种动物的消失可能会对该栖息地的其他物种造成严重后果。空处作从句的主语，“消失”应用名词disappearance，不可数。故填disappearance。 56. For the youngest learners, it means they are more likely to get exposed to different v______ (种类) of play and communication. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】varieties##arieties 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：对于最年幼的学习者来说，这意味着他们更有可能接触到各种各样的娱乐和交流方式。结合首字母提示可知，“种类”应用名词variety，且根据空前的“different”可知，variety应用复数形式。故填varieties。 57. At the current rate of decline, many of the rain forest animals could become ______ (灭绝的) in less than 10 years. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】extinct 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：按照目前的下降速度，许多雨林动物可能在不到10年的时间里灭绝。“灭绝的”应用形容词extinct，作表语。故填extinct。 58. ______ (以……为特色) unique design, the new product attracted many customers as soon as it was launched. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Featuring 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：这款新产品以其独特的设计为特色，一经推出便吸引了许多顾客。“以……为特色”应用动词feature，且句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，feature和the new product逻辑上是主动关系，因此用feature的现在分词形式，作状语，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Featuring。 59. The government is expected to i______ (宣布、公布) a new set of economic policies. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】issue##ssue 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：人们期望政府公布一套新的经济政策。根据中英文提示可知应用动词issue，短语be expected to do sth.，意为“被期望做某事”，to后接动词原形。故填issue。 60. The ______ (大陆的) climate is characterized by hot summers and cold winters. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】continental 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：大陆性气候的特点是夏热冬冷。“大陆的”应用形容词continental，作修饰climate的定语，continental climate表示“大陆性气候”。故填continental。 61. They use special tools to l______ (延长) the lifespan of the machine. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】lengthen##engthen 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们使用特殊工具来延长这台机器的使用寿命。结合首字母提示，“延长”用动词lengthen，用原形构成不定式作目的状语。故填lengthen。 62. He felt that working as a cleaner was ______(配不上)his dignity. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】beneath 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：他觉得做清洁工的工作配不上他的尊严。根据汉语提示“配不上”，应填写介词beneath。故填beneath。 63. There were m______（大量的）of people in the shops yesterday. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】masses##asses 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：昨天商店里有大量的人。根据中文提示“大量的”和英文提示“m”开头的单词，这里应填“masses”。构成短语：masses of大量的......。故填masses。 64. Everyone concerned acted with great courage and ______ (决心)。(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】determination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：每一位相关人士都表现得非常勇敢且有决心。根据汉语提示“决心”可知，空处应填名词determination，与courage并列作宾语，不可数名词。故填determination。 65. It is u______ (普遍地) acknowledged that forests are indispensable to us. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】universally##niversally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：人们普遍认为森林对我们是不可或缺的。结合首字母提示可知，“普遍地”应用副词universally，作修饰动词acknowledged的状语。故填universally。 66. ______ (利用) on his past experiences, he came up with a creative solution. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】Drawing 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据过去的经验，他想出了一个创造性的解决办法。根据汉语提示可知短语为draw on，与he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Drawing。 67. D______ (致力于) himself to bringing up the secret of nature, the young scientist has little time for entertainment. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】Devoting##evoting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位年轻的科学家致力于揭示大自然的秘密，几乎没有时间娱乐。devote oneself to doing sth.致力于做某事。因为这里作状语，且devote与主语the young scientist是逻辑主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，首字母大写。故填Devoting。 68. You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the ______ (上下文、语境). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】context 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你应该能从上下文中猜出这个词的意思。根据汉语提示“上下文、语境”可知，用名词context，作宾语，不可数。故填context。 69. ______ (defeat) their opponents in the upcoming match, the team trained day and night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】To defeat 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了在即将到来的比赛中击败对手，队员们夜以继日地训练。空格处作目的状语，应用不定式，首字母大写。故填To defeat。 70. She is very ______(体贴的、感觉敏锐的) to other people’s feelings. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sensitive 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她对别人的感情很体贴、感觉敏锐。空白处在句子中作表语，根据汉语提示“体贴的、感觉敏锐的”，可知此处应填形容词sensitive。be sensitive to“对……敏感”。故填sensitive。 第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假如你是某学校的学生会主席，你将代表学生会起草一份倡议书，号召同学出境时文明旅游。内容包括： 1.学生在出境旅游时的不文明行为带来的影响； 2.学生文明出境旅游的具体倡议（至少三点） 注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear fellow friends, With great honor and anticipation, I, representing the Students’ Union, am now making an appeal to every individual student in our school for a more civilized manner when traveling abroad. While traveling in foreign countries becomes increasingly prevalent, some improper behaviors occur among us, such as throwing litter everywhere, carving on the statues, and neglecting local customs, the effects of which can be exceedingly severe. Except for indicating personal rudeness, these uncivilized behaviors also do harm to the reputation of Chinese travelers as a whole and damage cultural heritage belonging to the entire human race. Therefore, the following three suggestions should be taken into your serious consideration. To begin with, preserving local cultural relics is everyone’s obligation. In addition, different though we are from exotic fellows, we should follow regional traditions. Last, be a well-behaved tourist with courtesy, by which we could gain mutual respect with local people. With everyone making joint efforts, we will definitely create a splendid atmosphere of traveling all over the world. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。要求考生写一篇倡议书，号召同学出境时文明旅游。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 此外：in addition→ what’s more 应该：should →be supposed to 因此：therefore→ thus 发生：occur → take place 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Therefore, the following three suggestions should be taken into your serious consideration. 拓展句：Therefore, the following three suggestions should be taken into your serious consideration, which will be helpful. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 While traveling in foreign countries becomes increasingly prevalent, some improper behaviors occur among us, such as throwing litter everywhere, carving on the statues, and neglecting local customs, the effects of which can be exceedingly severe. （运用了while引导让步状语从句的省略，运用了动名词作宾语，运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】 Last, be a well-behaved tourist with courtesy, by which we could gain mutual respect with local people. （运用了“介词+关系代词”引导非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$