专题06 阅读表达20篇-2024-2025学年八年级英语下学期期中考点大串讲（牛津译林版）

阅读表达20篇 1.（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中） Before 1970, few laws protected the environment. Then on April 22 that year, Earth Day was made to celebrate our world, to tell people about environmental problems and encourage them to take action. Now Earth Day is celebrated all around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate (气候) change, plastic pollution, and deforestation (毁林). But we can make a difference. Here is an Earth-helping hero. Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was twelve when her family’s home flooded. Indonesia, the island country in South-east Asia, is often hit hard by floods and other natural disasters. Adeline wanted to help. Studying the problem, she learned that mangrove trees play an important role in flood protection. Their big, tangled (缠结的) roots slow floodwaters and keep soil from washing away. But the trees were being cut down. Adeline gathered her classmates to plant 200 mangrove young trees during a school holiday. They also started a group called Friends of Nature to keep the area’s biodiversity (生物多样性), fight against climate change, and help people realize the importance of the environment. They even started a project to get clean energy to remote villages. Today, Adeline attends college, studying how businesses can help the environment. Remember: every one of us can be a hero for the environment! 注：每题答案不超过5个词。 1．What do the underlined words “our world” in Paragraph 1 refer to? 2．What happened to Adeline’s home when she was twelve? 3．How many things did Adeline and her classmates do to help with the environment? 4．What does Adeline do now? 5．What is the proper title for the passage? 2.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Electric scooter safety If you look around the streets of London, you’ll see people move around in many different ways. Whether it’s on the way to work, a journey to the shops, or a sightseeing trip, there’re people on buses, the Tube, cars, motorbikes, bicycles and even roller skates. The traffic is already heavy and now there’s a new way of transport—electric scooters (e-scooters). This traditional children’s vehicle (交通工具) has become more advanced over the years. And now, scooting has become a cheap and easy way of transport, so it’s no wonder they’re becoming more and more popular in cities around the world. But following a lot of traffic accidents caused by electric scooters in the UK, questions are being asked about their safety and whether traffic laws should be changed. Some scooter riders have been seen on pavements (人行道) and others on the road jumping red traffic lights, making the car drivers annoyed (恼火). In the UK, the law states that anyone mustn’t ride a scooter on the public highway or pavement. The police will fine (罚款) the riders up to £300 and take away six points on their driving licence (执照) for doing so. But, despite (尽管) this, it seems that there’re still many young people on e-scooters everywhere. And now users are calling on rules to be changed. The UK government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is reviewing the law. But its transport minister, Michael Ellis, has told the BBC that, “e-scooters are appearing in countries around the world and are an exciting innovation (创新) for which we know there is need. However, safety must always be in our mind when thinking about their use on public highways in this country.” It’s true there are dangers in riding a two-wheeled scooter. Despite the fact that only a few e-scooters can be faster than 30mph, they sometimes only have one brake ( 刹车) and no lights. They also become dangerous if the riders hit something, and however confident the riders may be, larger vehicles on the road make them easy to be hurt. So it seems more work needs to be done to give e-scooters a safe space to travel in. 1．How many ways of transport does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1? 2．Why do more and more people like riding e-scooters? 3．How will the police in the UK punish (处罚) the people riding e-scooters on the public highways or pavements? 4．What does Michael Ellis think we must always keep in our mind? 5．What do you think of riding e-scooters?(请自拟作答) 3.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）阅读并回答问题。答案不超过六个词。 A travel journal is one of the best ways to keep a long journey in memory. Many details that don’t seem important while you are writing your travel journal often turn out to be so memorable. Get into the habit of writing your travel journal every day. When you are on a busy journey, you probably won’t remember to write. You may promise that you will write later, but that almost newer happens. Take a few minutes every day and put down your memories. It doesn’t have to be long. Use your down time for your travel journal. There is surprising plenty of sitting around while traveling. You can always put down a few lines in your travel journal when you are on trains, waiting for planes, drying your clothes or waiting in line. At the beginning, write down the first details people usually forget easily. They include the day, where you are, who you are with, maybe even the weather and what you eat. Years later when you read your journal, you will know exactly what you were doing. Never forget to write about how you feel. Listing facts is fine but that isn’t why you travelled. A long journey is a time for careful thoughts. Memories of these feelings disappear quickly with time. Writing about the experiences while the memories are fresh is important. 1．How do you keep a long journey in memory according to this passage? 2．How many ways does the writer advise us to write a travel journal? 3．Is the time you’re waiting for planes is your down time? 4．When is the best time to write about the experiences? 5．What do you think of writing a travel journal? 4.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读与回答问题 One day, a baby snail found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused, so he went up to his mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?” His mother said, “Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.” The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live without a shell?” The mother snail answered, “That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly. She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her. The baby snail had one more question, “But the earthworm moves like us. He has no bones and he won’t turn into a butterfly. Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.” The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky or from the ground!” His mother smiled at him, “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don’t have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s more, we’ll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Why were snails born with shells? 2．How did the baby snail like his shell? 3．What will the caterpillar become when she grows up? 4．Where can an earthworm hide? 5．What does the story want to tell us? 5.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中） A crow (乌鸦) lived in the forest with some swans. One day, swans flew down to the ground. The crow watched them with disdain (不屑). “You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air? No, I don’t think you can do it! Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!” A strong young swan took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, showing other flying tricks, and then came down and looked at the swan. Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments (评价) about his flying. Ten minutes later, they could see nothing but water. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was so tired and he found it hard to stay in the air, and tried to keep himself from falling into the water. The swan asked, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother? Is that another trick?” “No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride (骄傲)! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...” The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach. 根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。 1．Where did the story happen? 2．Who took up the crow’s challenge? 3．What could the crow and the swan see after ten minutes’ flying? 4．Why did the crow find it hard to stay in the air? 5．What do you think of the swan? 6.（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）“How do you get to school?” This question often gets an answer like “by bus” or “walk” or “My parents take me by car.” But not always — there are children in many different parts of the world who, every day, have to go on a difficult way to get to their lessons. They travel for kilometres on foot, bicycle, donkey or train. They cross deserts (沙漠), mountains, rivers, snow and ice: for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him. The school is far away from the village. It is halfway up a mountain，so it takes five hours to climb from the bottom of the mountain to the school. The dangerous path is only 45 centimetres wide in some places. And they are not the only ones, kids in many countries do this and more. Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. (Some years ago the bridge fell down after a very heavy rain.) Then they walk many more kilometres through the forest to their school in Banten. The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. Their teacher watches them carefully. Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sertão area of Northeast Brazil. Their school is in Extrema. It’s a tiny village — very few people live there. So one question we can ask is: why do the children do this? Because their parents make them do it? The answer, in many cases, is no — it’s because for them going to school means a better future: they hope to get a job so they can help their families and their neighbours. And this is why rivers, deserts or danger won’t stop them on their way to school. 1．How many countries are mentioned (提及) in the passage? 2．Why do teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully? 3．Besides the answers in the last paragraph, what else have these children got as they tried hard to overcome (克服) difficulties?  (at least two points) 7.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读与回答问题 A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste theme store is about providing people with a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products to help them start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey. “Zero waste” or “danshari” was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson. “Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth.” she said. Yu Yuan, 27, and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot until she saw a video about “zero waste”. The video is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend. Yu says that a zero-waste life followed the 6 R principle—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot (腐烂). Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6 R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish. Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing, to support a zero-waste life. At the store they use environmentally friendly products. For example, they use wood products to replace plastic ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero-waste logos for customers. Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of them which are not recyclable can degrade (分解). The store also has secondhand books and audio-visual CD/DVDs. For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself, there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it. Yu says that those who were once not interested in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity. The zero-waste lifestyle, she adds, is for everyone. “It’s around us at our fingertips.” Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste. As the saying goes, many hands make light work. 1．Who first gave the idea of “Zero waste” or “danshari” ? 2．Where is the Bulk House? 3．What can you do to be environmentally friendly if you have some used toiletries?   4．How much rubbish do Bea Johnson and her boyfriend produce after they follow 6 R principle? 5．What do you think of a zero-waste life? 8.（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Everyone takes baths. It can not only clean your body but also relax yourself. It feels good to have a nice hot bath during the winter, but it can also cause dry skin. What else do we need to know about bathing in winter? Let’s have a look. Why do we feel itchy (痒的) after a bath in winter? On the surface (表面) of human skin, there is something called sebum (皮脂层). It can protect our skin and give our skin water. However, the air is colder and drier in winter. Our bodies make less sweat (汗), so we have less sebum. Taking baths can take away the sebum. So, your skin may feel itchy after a bath. How often should we take a bath in winter? Many people shower every day. In summer, you might even take two or three of them. But since your skin may be dry in winter, too many showers can make it even drier. During the cold season, some experts advise showering with warm water. They also advise that people should take a bath for no more than 15 minutes a day. Some people like to take a shower in the morning, while the others like to take a bath in the evening. Which is a better choice in winter? A hot water bath can relax people’s body and it is one of the most popular ways for people to relax. But a hot water bath in winter is likely to make us lazy and sleepy. So it is a good choice to take a hot bath before bedtime. 根据短文的内容，回答问题。(每题答案不超过八个单词) 1．Can taking baths relax ourselves? 2．Where is the sebum in human body? 3．Why do we feel itchy after a bath in winter? 4．How long do the experts advise people about taking a bath in winter? 5．When should people take a hot bath during a day? 9.（22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期中）下面短文选自《八年级下册●黑布林》, 请你认真阅读下面短文, 并根据短文内容回答问题。 One day in autumn Squire Gordon went on a long journey. John went with him and I pulled the cart. The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled happily until we came to the old wooden bridge. The man at the tollgate told us the river was rising fast. “There’s going to be a bad storm tonight,” he said. We arrived in the town, but Squire Gordon’s work took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon. The wind was blowing, making a terrible sound. Suddenly we heard a crack, and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still. I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away. “We must go back to the crossroads,” said John, “and drive six miles to the wooden bridge.” When we got there, it was nearly dark. There was water on the middle of the bridge, but the Squire did not stop. As soon as my feet touched the bridge I knew that something was wrong. I stopped dead. “Go on,” said the Squire. “There’s something wrong, sir” said John. He got out and tried to lead me forward. “Come on, Beauty.” Just then the man saw us. “Hey there! Stop!” he cried. “What is it?” shouted the Squire. “The bridge is broken in the middle,” he answered. “If you go on to it, you are all going to drown in the river.” “Thank God!” said the Squire. “Thank you, Beauty!” said John. We turned around and went along the road by the river. For a long time no one said anything. Then John said: “Black Beauty saved our lives. He knew the bridge was dangerous.” When we returned home the Squire told Mrs Gordon: “We are all safe, thanks to Black Beauty!” That night I had good food to eat and a comfortable bed of straw. And I was glad, because I was very tired. 1．What was the weather like that day? 2．How did Black Beauty feel when a huge tree fell across the road suddenly? 3．How far was it from the crossroads to the wooden bridge? 4．How did Black Beauty save their lives? 5．What do you think of Black Beauty? (请自拟一句话作答) 10.（22-23·江苏淮安·期中）根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过6个单词。 I sold my house and left my job. There was one thing that I just could not leave behind (留下): my cat Willow. There was a simple way to solve it—I went on a journey with my best animal friend! In the past 3 years, we have travelled over 70,000 kilometers around Australia. We have seen forests and beaches together. This year, we spent three months in the desert. I’m happy to go back to the beautiful beach, but I’m not sure what Willow thinks. Some people were surprised to find that I was travelling with a cat. I remember that once a backpacker (背包客) at a campsite shouted, “Excuse me, there is a cat trying to get into your van!” I know. The van, a tiny house on wheels, is our home. I built it by myself with a bed, cupboards, a kitchen—and plenty of places for a little cat to hide! It might be small, but the whole Australia is our garden. Willow enjoys exploring the places she has never visited, but she doesn’t like to go too far from our van. She loves to sit on the dashboard (仪表盘) to enjoy a great view. I put our photos on the Internet and look forward to hearing from people all over the world who are following our adventures. We are lucky. We always have each other and the whole Australia to see. I will treasure the memory for a lifetime. If Willow has taught me anything, it is that happiness doesn’t require much. A bit of food, shelter and a whole lot of love will be well enough. 1．Could the writer leave behind his house and job? 2．How far has the writer travelled in the past 3 years? 3．How did the backpacker feel when he saw Willow at a campsite? 4．Why does Willow love sitting on the dashboard? 5．What has the writer learned from his cat Willow? 11.（22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 The Awakening Age (《觉醒年代》), a TV series telling the story of how the Party was founded (成立) in 1921 has become a hot topic and has won praise (赞扬) among lots of young people in China recently, who found the part of history inspiring (鼓舞人心的). The history of the birth and growth of the Communist Party of China (CPC 中国共产党) a century ago has drawn the interest of many young Chinese audiences (观众). It is reported that some young audiences even look through history books while watching the shows to better understand them. “I love the scene in which young Mao Zedong first appears (出现) in the series so much and have watched the two-minute video several times. He walks through the rain, shining like a light,” one reviewer wrote. Director (导演) Zhang said that the biggest pressure (压力) in making The Awakening Age comes from how to make it more accepted by young audiences in China, who have set very high standards (标准) for historical movies and TV shows. Using the New Youth magazine as background material, the series linked Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, and Hu Shi, shining names in the history. Stories about how Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and other passionate youths (有志青年) pursued truth and explored knowledge were also included in the series. Those great men of that generation have great love for the family and the nation. These spirits, passing down from generation to generation, will continue to enlighten (启发) the young generation of today. Many audiences look forward to the sequel (续集) to the series, but Director Zhang says all the Chinese people today have already seen it and are enjoying it. 1．How long has the Communist Party of China been founded? 2．What do some young people do to understand the TV series better when watching it? 3．How does Mao Zedong first appears in the series? 4．What do great people like Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, and Hu Shi love according to the article? 5．What is the sequel to the series in your eyes? 12.（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期中） Spring is the season when plants start to grow freely from the ground. In China, wild spring greens are traditionally popular as healthy food. They are still common in many dishes today.Chinese toon shoots （香椿芽） Toon shoots are usually the best just before guyu (the grain rain), the sixth of the 24 solar terms. Guyu means that spring is about to end. This is when the leaves are most tender (嫩的). It is often fried with eggs to balance the sometimes strong taste of the leaves. Sometimes it can also be prepared with tofu. Indian aster （马兰头/马拦头） Its Chinese name means to make a horse turn its head. It is said that its tender taste could make a horse stop moving on. Perhaps because of the name, the green has become a goodbye gift, cooked when one wants to wish a friend a safe journey. The vegetable is usually boiled in water, cut and mixed with tofu and sesame (芝麻) oil.Shepherd’s purse （荠菜） This is a green herb (草本植物) with an unusual smell. It grows early in spring and can be eaten both cooked and uncooked. It tastes a little bit bitter (苦的) and sweet and can be used in dumplings and wonton (馄饨) or cooked in soup. It has other uses, too. For example, in traditional Chinese medicine, it is used to improve eyesight. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．When do plants start growing freely from the ground? 2．What are toon shoots often fried with? 3．Why has Indian aster become a goodbye gift in China? 4．In traditional Chinese medicine, what do people use Shepherd’s purse to do ? 5．What do you think of the wild spring greens above? 13.（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）One day, a baby snail (蜗牛) found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused (困惑的), so he went up to his mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?” His mother said “Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.” The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar (毛毛虫) has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live without a shell?” The mother snail answered, “That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly. She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her.” The baby snail had one more question, “But the earthworm (蚯蚓) moves like us. He has no bones and he won’t turn into a butterfly. Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.” The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky or from the ground!” His mother smiled at him. “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don’t have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s more, we’ll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。（词数不多于6个） 1．Whom did the baby snail ask for help, his mother or father? 2．What will the caterpillar in the story become when she grows up? 3．Where can an earthworm hide? 4．How many questions did the baby snail ask? 5．Who should the snails depend on according to the story? 14.（22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每个问题的答案不超过8个单词。 There once was a king who gave a prize to the artist who would paint the best picture. Hundreds of artists tried. The king looked at all the pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them. One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace. The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged (崎岖的) and bare (光秃秃的). Above was an angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down the side of the mountain was a dangerous waterfall (瀑布). But when the king looked closely, he saw behind the waterfall a small bush growing in the rock. In the bush a mother bird had built her nest. There, in the middle of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest—in perfect peace. Which picture do you think won the prize? The king chose the second picture. Do you know why? “Because,” explained the king, “peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble, or hard work. Peace means to be in the middle of all those things and still be calm in your heart. That is the real meaning of peace.” 1．If an artist’s picture was best, what would he get from the king?    2．How many pictures did the king read?     3．Where did the mother bird build her nest? 4．Why did the king choose the second picture? 5．What’s the similarity (相似点) between the two pictures? 15.（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。(每题不超过10个词) It was a happy time for me, but there were many dangers because of my small size. There are some incidents (事件) that I remembered clearly. Every morning Glumdalclitch carried my box to the window. One day she carried me to the window as usual, and then she left me there. Some huge wasps came in through the window, and entered the box. They were the size of birds in England, and they were very fierce (凶猛的). I was afraid of them. I took out my sword and fought them. I killed four of them. Luckily, the others flew away. Another dangerous moment that I remembered was this: Glumdalclitch left me in the garden one day, and the weather was very bad. First it rained, and then it hailed (下冰雹) very hard. The hailstones were the size of tennis balls, and they hurt me badly. I managed to hide under a tree, but I was still hit by some of them. Another danger came from an idea that the Queen had. She knew that I liked boats, and she ordered one of her servants to make a little boat for me. The servant put the boat into a tank of water on the table. I spent many hours in this boat. One day, however, a frog jumped out of the water into the boat. I thought the boat would sink, and I was afraid. I was lucky, and I managed to push the frog out of the boat. —Taken from Gulliver’s Travels 1．Why did Gulliver have some dangers? 2．What were as big as the size of birds in England? 3．How did Gulliver keep himself safe from the hailstones? 4．How did Gulliver feel when the frog jumped into the boat? 5．What do you think of Gulliver? 16.（23-24八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）根据短文(B)内容回答问题。 The world is in great need of fresh water. About 97% of water on Earth is salt water. Man can only drink or use the rest which comes from rivers, lakes and the underground (地下). The number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger, so we need more and more fresh water. Now water shortage (短缺) becomes a big problem. And people are trying their best to find more ways to get fresh water. Then what can we do about it? Scientists have found some ways to turn salt water into fresh water. One important way is to boil (煮沸) sea water at a high temperature. In this way, we can make a lot of fresh water. But it often costs too much. And heating is not the only way to get fresh water. People also have other ways, such as digging deep wells (井), keeping rainwater (雨水) and protecting rivers from being polluted. Which way is better? I think to get the most fresh water with the least money is the best. And most importantly, everyone should take part in saving water. And it’s not difficult. We should just try not to waste any water in our everyday life. 1．Where does the fresh water that people can drink come from? 2．Why do we need more and more fresh water? 3．How many ways to get fresh water are mentioned (被提及) in the passage? 4．Who should take part in saving water? 5．As a student, do we need to save water in our daily life? 17.（23-24八年级下·山东滨州·期中）阅读下面短文，并回答问题。 In many countries of the world people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish. We don’t want our world to become one big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland the government was very worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002 Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the place. One of the most exciting recycling (再利用) ideas is Freecycle. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. It is a good idea because it recycles useful things. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important answers to the problem of rubbish. 1．What did the Irish government ask people to do? 2．When did people start to stop making plastic bags in Zanzibar? 3．Who buys or sells things through Freecycle? 4．What do people think of recycling according to the article? 5．What do you often do to deal with the problem of rubbish? (请自拟一句话作答) 18.（23-24八年级下·上海奉贤·期中）Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题） Saving the Well Once upon a time, in a vast desert, there was a small village that depended on a single well for water. The well was not only a source of life for the villagers but also for the travelers who passed through the desert. One year, a really bad drought hit the village. The plants died, animals moved away, and the well’s water level started to drop. The villagers grew worried, knowing that they needed the well to live. Among them was a young boy named Amir. He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water. Amir decided to make a difference. He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots. He also suggested planting drought-resistant (抗旱) plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation (蒸发). At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen. Amir taught the villagers how to create small basins around the plants to catch more rainwater and how to cover the ground with stones and leaves to reduce evaporation. He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well. As the weeks passed, the villagers noticed a change. The water in the well didn’t go down as much, and the plants around it began to grow well. The efforts to save water paid off, and the village was able to make it through the drought. 1．What happened to the village one year? 2．A lot of villagers took action to save the precious water at the very beginning, didn’t they? 3．Where did Amir collect rainwater at first? 4．When did the villagers start to take Amir’s suggestions seriously? 5．How did Amir and the villagers direct rainwater into the well? 6．What can you learn from the story? 19.（23-24八年级下·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期中）It is reported that the UK will save thousands of red phone boxes. Its first phone box started appearing in 1921, and the special red style came out five years later. As smart phones have become part of everyday life, the public (公共的) phone boxes may seem out of date. But Ofcom, the UK’s communications regulator (通信商), says they can still be a “lifeline” for people in need. “People can use the phone boxes we plan to protect to make calls. If one of those calls is from a sad child, an accident victim (受害者), that phone line can be a lifeline at a time of great need,” says Selina Chadha, a leader in Ofcom. Ofcom plans to protect 5,000 phone boxes, especially in poor areas where smart phones are not so common. “We also want to make sure that people in those areas, often in poor areas, can still make calls,” she adds. According to the official report (官方报道), nearly half of the phone boxes in the UK have lost their places in people’s everyday life. Because more and more people use smart phones. It is said that people turned more than 6, 500 unused call boxes into mini community libraries or coffee shops under a plan called “Adopt a Kiosk”. It allows local organizations (当地组织) to buy a red phone for only one pound and turn the box into something useful. 根据文章内容回答问题（不超过8个词） 1．When did the red phone box appear? 2．What does the underline phrase “out of date” mean? 3．What is the Ofcom according to the passage? 4．How many phone boxes does Ofcom plan to protect? 5．Why did nearly half of the phone boxes in the UK lose their places in people’s everyday life? 20.（22-23八年级下·上海虹口·期中） You Are Made to Fly High Once upon a time, a king received two eaglets as a gift. These baby eagles belonged to an uncommon breed (品种), and the king had never seen such beautiful eagles before. He was pleased with the gift and wanted to find an experienced caretaker for them. As the eaglets grew larger and stronger, the king was eager to see how they looked in the sky. He instructed the caretaker to signal them to fly. The caretaker did as he was told. The eagles both spread their wings and took to the air at the signal. However, one of them flew high, while the other flew for a few seconds and returned to its starting branch. Confused by this result, the king questioned, “Why do they behave so differently?” The caretaker explained, “This eagle has always refused to leave that branch.” The king treasured both eagles and desired to see the second eagle flying high. The next day, he announced a reward for anyone who could make that eagle reach new heights. Although many people responded to the challenge and tried every trick, they all failed—there was still no improvement in the eagle. After a few weeks, the king lost hope and nearly gave up. Then, one day, a farmer showed up with a simple solution. He cut down the familiar branch of the eagle, and it worked. Without its perch (栖息处), the eagle had no choice but to take flight. The king was amazed by the farmer’s success. He immediately offered him a lot of gold coins and couldn’t wait to ask, “You’re really something! How did you achieve what others, even the learned ones, couldn’t?” The farmer replied, “Your Majesty (陛下), I’m just an ordinary farmer. I have little knowledge of animal training. But I believed that if the branch on which the eagle used to sit on were gone, the only thing it could do would be fly, and it did so very well.” 1．What did the king do with the pair of eagles he was gifted? . 2．How did the eagles respond when they were signaled to fly? . 3．What action did the king take to improve the second eagle’s performance? . 4．How did the farmer successfully make the second eagle fly high? . 5．Why was the farmer able to complete the king’s challenge? . 6．What is your understanding of the title after reading the story? . / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 阅读表达20篇 1.（23-24八年级下·江苏无锡·期中） Before 1970, few laws protected the environment. Then on April 22 that year, Earth Day was made to celebrate our world, to tell people about environmental problems and encourage them to take action. Now Earth Day is celebrated all around the world. We still face many challenges, such as climate (气候) change, plastic pollution, and deforestation (毁林). But we can make a difference. Here is an Earth-helping hero. Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was twelve when her family’s home flooded. Indonesia, the island country in South-east Asia, is often hit hard by floods and other natural disasters. Adeline wanted to help. Studying the problem, she learned that mangrove trees play an important role in flood protection. Their big, tangled (缠结的) roots slow floodwaters and keep soil from washing away. But the trees were being cut down. Adeline gathered her classmates to plant 200 mangrove young trees during a school holiday. They also started a group called Friends of Nature to keep the area’s biodiversity (生物多样性), fight against climate change, and help people realize the importance of the environment. They even started a project to get clean energy to remote villages. Today, Adeline attends college, studying how businesses can help the environment. Remember: every one of us can be a hero for the environment! 注：每题答案不超过5个词。 1．What do the underlined words “our world” in Paragraph 1 refer to? 2．What happened to Adeline’s home when she was twelve? 3．How many things did Adeline and her classmates do to help with the environment? 4．What does Adeline do now? 5．What is the proper title for the passage? 【答案】1．The Earth. 2．Her family’s home flooded. 3．Three. 4．She is a college student. 5．An Earth-helping hero. 【导语】本文讲述了印尼女孩Adeline Tiffanie Suwana在经历家园洪水后，致力于通过种植红树林和成立环保组织来保护环境，成为地球保护英雄的故事，并鼓励每个人都能成为保护环境的英雄。 1．根据“Earth Day was made to celebrate our world”可知，地球日的设立是为了庆祝地球，“our world”应指代地球。故填The Earth. 2．根据“Adeline Tiffanie Suwana was twelve when her family’s home flooded.”可知，Adeline十二岁时，她的家被洪水淹没了。故填Her family’s home flooded. 3．根据“to plant 200 mangrove young trees”、“They also started a group called Friends of Nature”和“They even started a project to get clean energy to remote villages.”可知，Adeline和她的同学们种植红树林，成立名为“自然之友”的组织以及启动为偏远的村庄提供清洁能源的项目，一共做了三件事。故填Three. 4．根据“Today, Adeline attends college”可知，现在Adeline在上大学，是一个大学生。故填She is a college student. 5．通读全文可知，本文讲述了印尼女孩Adeline Tiffanie Suwana在经历家园洪水后，致力于通过种植红树林和成立环保组织来保护环境，成为地球保护英雄的故事，“一个地球保护英雄”可作本文标题。故填An Earth-helping hero. 2.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Electric scooter safety If you look around the streets of London, you’ll see people move around in many different ways. Whether it’s on the way to work, a journey to the shops, or a sightseeing trip, there’re people on buses, the Tube, cars, motorbikes, bicycles and even roller skates. The traffic is already heavy and now there’s a new way of transport—electric scooters (e-scooters). This traditional children’s vehicle (交通工具) has become more advanced over the years. And now, scooting has become a cheap and easy way of transport, so it’s no wonder they’re becoming more and more popular in cities around the world. But following a lot of traffic accidents caused by electric scooters in the UK, questions are being asked about their safety and whether traffic laws should be changed. Some scooter riders have been seen on pavements (人行道) and others on the road jumping red traffic lights, making the car drivers annoyed (恼火). In the UK, the law states that anyone mustn’t ride a scooter on the public highway or pavement. The police will fine (罚款) the riders up to £300 and take away six points on their driving licence (执照) for doing so. But, despite (尽管) this, it seems that there’re still many young people on e-scooters everywhere. And now users are calling on rules to be changed. The UK government is looking at how safely they can be used on the road and is reviewing the law. But its transport minister, Michael Ellis, has told the BBC that, “e-scooters are appearing in countries around the world and are an exciting innovation (创新) for which we know there is need. However, safety must always be in our mind when thinking about their use on public highways in this country.” It’s true there are dangers in riding a two-wheeled scooter. Despite the fact that only a few e-scooters can be faster than 30mph, they sometimes only have one brake ( 刹车) and no lights. They also become dangerous if the riders hit something, and however confident the riders may be, larger vehicles on the road make them easy to be hurt. So it seems more work needs to be done to give e-scooters a safe space to travel in. 1．How many ways of transport does the writer mention (提及) in Paragraph 1? 2．Why do more and more people like riding e-scooters? 3．How will the police in the UK punish (处罚) the people riding e-scooters on the public highways or pavements? 4．What does Michael Ellis think we must always keep in our mind? 5．What do you think of riding e-scooters?(请自拟作答) 【答案】1．Seven. 2．Because it’s a cheap and easy way of transport. 3．They will fine them up to £300 and take away six points on their driving licence./By fining them up to £300 and taking away six points on their driving licence. 4．Safety. 5．It’s convenient./It’s interesting./It’s dangerous. 【导语】本文讨论了电动滑板车作为新兴交通方式在伦敦等城市的普及、它们引发的安全问题、对交通规则的挑战，以及政府对这些问题的态度和正在进行的法律审查，强调了在为电动滑板车创造安全旅行空间方面需要做更多的工作。 1．根据“Whether it’s on the way to work, a journey to the shops, or a sightseeing trip, there’re people on buses, the Tube, cars, motorbikes, bicycles and even roller skates. The traffic is already heavy and now there’s a new way of transport—electric scooters (e-scooters).”可知，本段提及了公交车、地铁、汽车、摩托车、自行车、轮滑以及电动滑板车，一共7种交通方式。故填Seven/7. 2．根据“And now, scooting has become a cheap and easy way of transport, so it’s no wonder they’re becoming more and more popular in cities around the world.”可知，滑板车越来越受欢迎是因为它已经成为一种便宜又方便的交通方式。故填Because it’s a cheap and easy way of transport. 3．根据“The police will fine (罚款) the riders up to £300 and take away six points on their driving licence (执照) for doing so.”可知，警方将对这些驾驶员处以最高300英镑的罚款，并在驾驶执照上扣6分。故填They will fine them up to £300 and take away six points on their driving licence./By fining them up to £300 and taking away six points on their driving licence. 4．根据“safety must always be in our mind”可知，Michael Ellis认为我们必须时刻把安全放在心中。故填Safety. 5．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为It’s convenient./It’s interesting./It’s dangerous. 3.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）阅读并回答问题。答案不超过六个词。 A travel journal is one of the best ways to keep a long journey in memory. Many details that don’t seem important while you are writing your travel journal often turn out to be so memorable. Get into the habit of writing your travel journal every day. When you are on a busy journey, you probably won’t remember to write. You may promise that you will write later, but that almost newer happens. Take a few minutes every day and put down your memories. It doesn’t have to be long. Use your down time for your travel journal. There is surprising plenty of sitting around while traveling. You can always put down a few lines in your travel journal when you are on trains, waiting for planes, drying your clothes or waiting in line. At the beginning, write down the first details people usually forget easily. They include the day, where you are, who you are with, maybe even the weather and what you eat. Years later when you read your journal, you will know exactly what you were doing. Never forget to write about how you feel. Listing facts is fine but that isn’t why you travelled. A long journey is a time for careful thoughts. Memories of these feelings disappear quickly with time. Writing about the experiences while the memories are fresh is important. 1．How do you keep a long journey in memory according to this passage? 2．How many ways does the writer advise us to write a travel journal? 3．Is the time you’re waiting for planes is your down time? 4．When is the best time to write about the experiences? 5．What do you think of writing a travel journal? 【答案】1．I write a travel journal./By writing a travel journal. 2．Four. 3．Yes. 4．While/When the memories are fresh. 5．Memorable./Useful./Great. 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些写旅行日志的建议。 1．根据“A travel journal is one of the best ways to keep a long journey in memory.”可知写旅行日志是记住旅行的方法。故填I write a travel journal./By writing a travel journal. 2．根据“Get into...writing your travel journal every day.”，“Use your down time for your travel journal.”，“At the beginning, write down the first details people usually forget easily.”，“Never forget to write about how you feel.”可知，作者给出了四种建议。故填Four. 3．根据“Use your down time for your travel journal...You can always put down a few lines in your travel journal when you are on trains, waiting for planes, drying your clothes or waiting in line.”可知，等飞机是休息时间。故填Yes. 4．根据“Writing about the experiences while the memories are fresh is important.”可知，在记忆清晰的时候把经历写下来，这是记录经历的最佳时间。故填While/When the memories are fresh. 5．开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填Memorable./Useful./Great. 4.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读与回答问题 One day, a baby snail found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused, so he went up to his mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?” His mother said, “Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.” The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live without a shell?” The mother snail answered, “That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly. She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her. The baby snail had one more question, “But the earthworm moves like us. He has no bones and he won’t turn into a butterfly. Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.” The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky or from the ground!” His mother smiled at him, “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don’t have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s more, we’ll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Why were snails born with shells? 2．How did the baby snail like his shell? 3．What will the caterpillar become when she grows up? 4．Where can an earthworm hide? 5．What does the story want to tell us? 【答案】1．Because they need shells to protect themselves. 2．Hard and heavy. 3．She will become a butterfly. 4．He will hide in the ground. 5．We need to depend on ourselves. 【导语】本文讲述的是小蜗牛对自己出生起就背着又大又重的壳而感到困惑，并分别和毛毛虫、蚯蚓比较，向妈妈提出疑问．妈妈向小蚯蚓解释了不同于毛毛虫和蚯蚓的原因以及这个壳的重要性。 1．根据“Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.”可知，蜗牛天生带着壳是因为它们需要壳去保护自己。故填Because they need shells to protect themselves. 2．根据“Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?”可知，小蜗牛觉得它的壳又硬又重。故填Hard and heavy. 3．根据“That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly.”可知，毛毛虫长大后会变成蝴蝶。故填She will become a butterfly. 4．根据“He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.”可知，蚯蚓可以藏在地下。故填He will hide in the ground. 5．根据“We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.”可知，这个故事告诉我们，我们需要依靠自己。故填We need to depend on ourselves. 5.（23-24八年级下·江苏盐城·期中） A crow (乌鸦) lived in the forest with some swans. One day, swans flew down to the ground. The crow watched them with disdain (不屑). “You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air? No, I don’t think you can do it! Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!” A strong young swan took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, showing other flying tricks, and then came down and looked at the swan. Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments (评价) about his flying. Ten minutes later, they could see nothing but water. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was so tired and he found it hard to stay in the air, and tried to keep himself from falling into the water. The swan asked, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother? Is that another trick?” “No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride (骄傲)! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life...” The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach. 根据上面短文的内容回答问题（每小题答案不超过6个单词）。 1．Where did the story happen? 2．Who took up the crow’s challenge? 3．What could the crow and the swan see after ten minutes’ flying? 4．Why did the crow find it hard to stay in the air? 5．What do you think of the swan? 【答案】1．In the forest. 2．A strong young swan. 3．Water./Nothing but water. 4．Because he was so tired. 5．Kind./Helpful. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了乌鸦和天鹅比赛飞行的故事。 1．根据“A crow lived in the forest with some swans.”可知，故事发生在他们居住的森林里。故填In the forest. 2．根据“A strong young swan took up the challenge.”可知，一只强壮的年轻天鹅接受了挑战。故填A strong young swan. 3．根据“Ten minutes later, they could see nothing but water.”可知，十分钟后，他们只能看见水。故填Water./Nothing but water. 4．根据“He was so tired and he found it hard to stay in the air”可知，乌鸦太累了，因此很难在空中停留。故填Because he was so tired. 5．根据“The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.”可知，虽然是乌鸦挑衅在先，但天鹅还是把体力不支的乌鸦带回了海滩，因此天鹅是善良的、乐于助人的。故填Kind./Helpful. 6.（23-24八年级下·江苏苏州·期中）“How do you get to school?” This question often gets an answer like “by bus” or “walk” or “My parents take me by car.” But not always — there are children in many different parts of the world who, every day, have to go on a difficult way to get to their lessons. They travel for kilometres on foot, bicycle, donkey or train. They cross deserts (沙漠), mountains, rivers, snow and ice: for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him. The school is far away from the village. It is halfway up a mountain，so it takes five hours to climb from the bottom of the mountain to the school. The dangerous path is only 45 centimetres wide in some places. And they are not the only ones, kids in many countries do this and more. Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. (Some years ago the bridge fell down after a very heavy rain.) Then they walk many more kilometres through the forest to their school in Banten. The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. Their teacher watches them carefully. Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sertão area of Northeast Brazil. Their school is in Extrema. It’s a tiny village — very few people live there. So one question we can ask is: why do the children do this? Because their parents make them do it? The answer, in many cases, is no — it’s because for them going to school means a better future: they hope to get a job so they can help their families and their neighbours. And this is why rivers, deserts or danger won’t stop them on their way to school. 1．How many countries are mentioned (提及) in the passage? 2．Why do teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully? 3．Besides the answers in the last paragraph, what else have these children got as they tried hard to overcome (克服) difficulties?  (at least two points) 【答案】1．The passage mentions five countries：China, Indonesia, the USA, Sri Lanka, and Brazil. 2．Teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully because some of them have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning, which could pose a danger. The teacher’s careful observation ensures the safety of the children. 3．开放性作答，言之成理即可，参考答案为In addition to the hope for a better future, these children have developed resilience and a sense of responsibility towards their families and communities. They demonstrate courage and determination in overcoming challenges, showing strong and brave qualities. 【导语】本文简要描述了世界各地一些孩子为了上学而面临的困难和挑战，展现了他们的勇气和决心。 1．根据第一段“for example, a pupil at Gulu Village Primary School, China, rides a donkey as his grandfather walks beside him.”；第二段 “Some children in Indonesia have to cross a bridge ten metres above a dangerous river to get to their class on time. ”以及“The children of the Inupiat community in Alaska, the USA go to school and then come back when it is dark, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning.”以及“In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. ”和“Six-year-old Fabricio Oliveira gets on his donkey every morning to ride with his friends for over an hour through a desert in the very dry Sertão area of Northeast Brazil.”可知，文章提到了五个国家，分别是：中国、印度尼西亚、美国、斯里兰卡和巴西，故填The passage mentions five countries: China，Indonesia, the USA, Sri Lanka and Brazil. 2．根据第二段“In Sri Lanka, some children have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning. ”可知，斯里兰卡的老师们对孩子们非常小心是因为他们中的一些人每天早上必须穿过一座古老城堡的两堵墙之间的一块木头，这可能会带来危险，故填Teachers in Sri Lanka watch children carefully because some of them have to cross a piece of wood between two walls of an old castle every morning, which could pose a danger. The teacher’s careful observation ensures the safety of the children. 3．开放性作答，言之成理即可，参考答案为In addition to the hope for a better future, these children have developed resilience and a sense of responsibility towards their families and communities. They demonstrate courage and determination in overcoming challenges, showing strong and brave qualities. 7.（23-24八年级下·江苏南通·期中）阅读与回答问题 A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste theme store is about providing people with a number of everyday, practical and pleasant zero-waste products to help them start on a one-stop, zero-waste life journey. “Zero waste” or “danshari” was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson. “Live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different methods to protect the earth.” she said. Yu Yuan, 27, and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot until she saw a video about “zero waste”. The video is about a family of four, and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend. Yu says that a zero-waste life followed the 6 R principle—Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot (腐烂). Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6 R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish. Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing, to support a zero-waste life. At the store they use environmentally friendly products. For example, they use wood products to replace plastic ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero-waste logos for customers. Most of the products sold in the store can be reused, and a small number of them which are not recyclable can degrade (分解). The store also has secondhand books and audio-visual CD/DVDs. For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself, there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it. Yu says that those who were once not interested in the zero-waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity. The zero-waste lifestyle, she adds, is for everyone. “It’s around us at our fingertips.” Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste. As the saying goes, many hands make light work. 1．Who first gave the idea of “Zero waste” or “danshari” ? 2．Where is the Bulk House? 3．What can you do to be environmentally friendly if you have some used toiletries?   4．How much rubbish do Bea Johnson and her boyfriend produce after they follow 6 R principle? 5．What do you think of a zero-waste life? 【答案】1．A French woman called Bea Johnson. 2．In Nanluoguxiang, Beijing. 3．I can mails them to a company which accepts them. 4．They both produced only two cans of rubbish. 5．I think it is good for protecting the environment. (言之有理即可) 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种零浪费的生活方式，和一对夫妇对这种生活方式的具体实施情况，以及他们的期望。 1．根据“‘Zero waste’ or ‘danshari’ was first given by a French woman called Bea Johnson.”可知“零浪费”一词由法国女士比娅·约翰逊首次提出。故填A French woman called Bea Johnson. 2．根据“Now, the couple have opened a small shop called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang (南锣鼓巷), Beijing”可知The Bulk House开在北京南锣鼓巷。故填In Nanluoguxiang, Beijing. 3．根据“For used toiletries (洗漱用品) things ... there is a company which accepts them, and the couple regularly mails their waste to it.”可知有一家公司会接受用过的洗漱用品，可以把它们邮寄给这家公司。故填I can mails them to a company which accepts them. 4．根据“Over August—October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.”可知比娅·约翰逊和她的男朋友都只生产了两罐垃圾。故填They both produced only two cans of rubbish. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为I think it is good for protecting the environment. 8.（23-24八年级下·江苏淮安·期中）Everyone takes baths. It can not only clean your body but also relax yourself. It feels good to have a nice hot bath during the winter, but it can also cause dry skin. What else do we need to know about bathing in winter? Let’s have a look. Why do we feel itchy (痒的) after a bath in winter? On the surface (表面) of human skin, there is something called sebum (皮脂层). It can protect our skin and give our skin water. However, the air is colder and drier in winter. Our bodies make less sweat (汗), so we have less sebum. Taking baths can take away the sebum. So, your skin may feel itchy after a bath. How often should we take a bath in winter? Many people shower every day. In summer, you might even take two or three of them. But since your skin may be dry in winter, too many showers can make it even drier. During the cold season, some experts advise showering with warm water. They also advise that people should take a bath for no more than 15 minutes a day. Some people like to take a shower in the morning, while the others like to take a bath in the evening. Which is a better choice in winter? A hot water bath can relax people’s body and it is one of the most popular ways for people to relax. But a hot water bath in winter is likely to make us lazy and sleepy. So it is a good choice to take a hot bath before bedtime. 根据短文的内容，回答问题。(每题答案不超过八个单词) 1．Can taking baths relax ourselves? 2．Where is the sebum in human body? 3．Why do we feel itchy after a bath in winter? 4．How long do the experts advise people about taking a bath in winter? 5．When should people take a hot bath during a day? 【答案】1．Yes,it can. 2．On the surface of human skin. 3．Because taking baths can take away our sebum. 4．No more than 15 minutes a day. 5．Before bedtime. 【导语】本文主要介绍了和冬天洗澡相关的信息。 1．根据第一段中的“Everyone takes baths. It can not only clean your body but also relax yourself.”可知，洗澡能让我们放松。故填Yes, it can. 2．根据第二段中的“On the surface (表面) of human skin, there is something called sebum (皮脂层).”可知，皮脂层在皮肤的表面。故填On the surface of human skin. 3．根据第二段中的“Taking baths can take away the sebum. So, your skin may feel itchy after a bath.”可知，在冬天洗完澡后会感到发痒的原因是洗澡会带走我们的皮脂层。故填Because taking baths can take away our sebum. 4．根据第三段中的“They also advise that people should take a bath for no more than 15 minutes a day.”可知，专家建议人们在冬天洗澡时间每天不超过15分钟。故填No more than 15 minutes a day. 5．根据最后一段中的“So it is a good choice to take a hot bath before bedtime.”可知，睡前洗个热水澡是个不错的选择。故填Before bedtime. 9.（22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期中）下面短文选自《八年级下册●黑布林》, 请你认真阅读下面短文, 并根据短文内容回答问题。 One day in autumn Squire Gordon went on a long journey. John went with him and I pulled the cart. The weather was rainy and windy, but we travelled happily until we came to the old wooden bridge. The man at the tollgate told us the river was rising fast. “There’s going to be a bad storm tonight,” he said. We arrived in the town, but Squire Gordon’s work took a long time. We didn’t leave until late afternoon. The wind was blowing, making a terrible sound. Suddenly we heard a crack, and a huge tree fell across the road in front of us. I stopped still. I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away. “We must go back to the crossroads,” said John, “and drive six miles to the wooden bridge.” When we got there, it was nearly dark. There was water on the middle of the bridge, but the Squire did not stop. As soon as my feet touched the bridge I knew that something was wrong. I stopped dead. “Go on,” said the Squire. “There’s something wrong, sir” said John. He got out and tried to lead me forward. “Come on, Beauty.” Just then the man saw us. “Hey there! Stop!” he cried. “What is it?” shouted the Squire. “The bridge is broken in the middle,” he answered. “If you go on to it, you are all going to drown in the river.” “Thank God!” said the Squire. “Thank you, Beauty!” said John. We turned around and went along the road by the river. For a long time no one said anything. Then John said: “Black Beauty saved our lives. He knew the bridge was dangerous.” When we returned home the Squire told Mrs Gordon: “We are all safe, thanks to Black Beauty!” That night I had good food to eat and a comfortable bed of straw. And I was glad, because I was very tired. 1．What was the weather like that day? 2．How did Black Beauty feel when a huge tree fell across the road suddenly? 3．How far was it from the crossroads to the wooden bridge? 4．How did Black Beauty save their lives? 5．What do you think of Black Beauty? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】1．Rainy and windy. 2．He felt shaking with fear. 3．Six miles. 4．By not moving at all. 5．Black Beauty is a wise and brave horse who can sense danger and protect his owners. 【导语】本文讲述了黑骏马Beauty在暴风雨夜察觉桥梁断裂，阻止主人过桥，从而挽救了主人及约翰生命的智慧与勇敢的故事。 1．根据“One day in autumn...The weather was rainy and windy”可知，那天的天气是雨大风急。故填Rainy and windy. 2．根据“I stopped still. I was shaking with fear, but I did not turn round or run away.”可知，当大树突然横倒在路中间时，黑骏马感到非常害怕，它停了下来，身体在颤抖，但没有转身逃跑。故填He felt shaking with fear. 3．根据“We must go back to the crossroads,...and drive six miles to the wooden bridge.”可知，从十字路口到木桥有六英里的距离。故填Six miles. 4．根据“As soon as my feet touched the bridge I knew that something was wrong. I stopped dead.”及后文提到的桥中间断裂可知，黑骏马通过拒绝过桥并停下，从而挽救了他们的生命。故填By not moving at all. 5．开放性作答，言之有理即可。根据“That night I had good food to eat and a comfortable bed of straw. And I was glad, because I was very tired.”和全文内容可知，它能在危急时刻感知危险并保护主人，我认为黑骏马是聪明且勇敢的。故填Black Beauty is a wise and brave horse who can sense danger and protect his owners. 10.（22-23·江苏淮安·期中）根据短文内容回答问题，每题答案不超过6个单词。 I sold my house and left my job. There was one thing that I just could not leave behind (留下): my cat Willow. There was a simple way to solve it—I went on a journey with my best animal friend! In the past 3 years, we have travelled over 70,000 kilometers around Australia. We have seen forests and beaches together. This year, we spent three months in the desert. I’m happy to go back to the beautiful beach, but I’m not sure what Willow thinks. Some people were surprised to find that I was travelling with a cat. I remember that once a backpacker (背包客) at a campsite shouted, “Excuse me, there is a cat trying to get into your van!” I know. The van, a tiny house on wheels, is our home. I built it by myself with a bed, cupboards, a kitchen—and plenty of places for a little cat to hide! It might be small, but the whole Australia is our garden. Willow enjoys exploring the places she has never visited, but she doesn’t like to go too far from our van. She loves to sit on the dashboard (仪表盘) to enjoy a great view. I put our photos on the Internet and look forward to hearing from people all over the world who are following our adventures. We are lucky. We always have each other and the whole Australia to see. I will treasure the memory for a lifetime. If Willow has taught me anything, it is that happiness doesn’t require much. A bit of food, shelter and a whole lot of love will be well enough. 1．Could the writer leave behind his house and job? 2．How far has the writer travelled in the past 3 years? 3．How did the backpacker feel when he saw Willow at a campsite? 4．Why does Willow love sitting on the dashboard? 5．What has the writer learned from his cat Willow? 【答案】1．Yes./Yes, he could. 2．Over 70,000 kilometers. 3．He felt surprised./Surprised. 4．To enjoy a great view. 5．Happiness doesn’t require much. 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者带着猫咪旅行的故事。 1．根据“I sold my house and left my job.”可知，作者卖掉了房子并且离职了，所以作者可以离开他的房子和工作。故填Yes./Yes, he could. 2．根据“In the past 3 years, we have travelled over 70,000 kilometers around Australia.”可知，在过去的三年里， 作者已经旅行了7万多千米。故填Over 70,000 kilometers. 3．根据“Some people were surprised to find that I was travelling with a cat. I remember that once a backpacker (背包客) at a campsite shouted, ‘Excuse me, there is a cat trying to get into your van!’”可知，当营地的背包客看到猫咪要进到作者的车里时，他惊讶地对作者大喊并提醒他。故填He felt surprised./Surprised. 4．根据“She loves to sit on the dashboard (仪表盘) to enjoy a great view.”可知，她喜欢坐在仪表盘上欣赏美景。故填To enjoy a great view. 5．根据“If Willow has taught me anything, it is that happiness doesn’t require much.”可知，猫咪教会了作者幸福不需要太多。故填Happiness doesn’t require much. 11.（22-23八年级下·江苏南通·期中）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 The Awakening Age (《觉醒年代》), a TV series telling the story of how the Party was founded (成立) in 1921 has become a hot topic and has won praise (赞扬) among lots of young people in China recently, who found the part of history inspiring (鼓舞人心的). The history of the birth and growth of the Communist Party of China (CPC 中国共产党) a century ago has drawn the interest of many young Chinese audiences (观众). It is reported that some young audiences even look through history books while watching the shows to better understand them. “I love the scene in which young Mao Zedong first appears (出现) in the series so much and have watched the two-minute video several times. He walks through the rain, shining like a light,” one reviewer wrote. Director (导演) Zhang said that the biggest pressure (压力) in making The Awakening Age comes from how to make it more accepted by young audiences in China, who have set very high standards (标准) for historical movies and TV shows. Using the New Youth magazine as background material, the series linked Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, and Hu Shi, shining names in the history. Stories about how Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and other passionate youths (有志青年) pursued truth and explored knowledge were also included in the series. Those great men of that generation have great love for the family and the nation. These spirits, passing down from generation to generation, will continue to enlighten (启发) the young generation of today. Many audiences look forward to the sequel (续集) to the series, but Director Zhang says all the Chinese people today have already seen it and are enjoying it. 1．How long has the Communist Party of China been founded? 2．What do some young people do to understand the TV series better when watching it? 3．How does Mao Zedong first appears in the series? 4．What do great people like Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, and Hu Shi love according to the article? 5．What is the sequel to the series in your eyes? 【答案】1．(About) 102 years./More than 100 years. 2．They look through history books. 3．He walks through the rain, shining like a light. 4．They love the family and the nation. 5．Fighting for the new China. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了电视剧《觉醒年代》的相关内容。 1．根据“the Party was founded (成立) in 1921”可知，中国共产党成立于1921年，今年为2023年，距今102年或超过100年。故填(About) 102 years./More than 100 years. 2．根据“It is reported that some young audiences even look through history books while watching the shows to better understand them.”可知，据报道，一些年轻观众甚至在看电视剧时翻阅历史书来更好地理解它们。故填They look through history books. 3．根据“I love the scene in which young Mao Zedong first appears (出现) in the series so much and have watched the two-minute video several times. He walks through the rain, shining like a light”可知，毛泽东第一次出现在剧中的场景是：他走在雨中，像一盏灯一样闪闪发光。故填He walks through the rain, shining like a light. 4．根据“Those great men of that generation have great love for the family and the nation.”可知，那一代伟人对家庭和国家都有极大的爱。故填They love the family and the nation. 5．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理皆可。故填Fighting for the new China. 12.（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期中） Spring is the season when plants start to grow freely from the ground. In China, wild spring greens are traditionally popular as healthy food. They are still common in many dishes today.Chinese toon shoots （香椿芽） Toon shoots are usually the best just before guyu (the grain rain), the sixth of the 24 solar terms. Guyu means that spring is about to end. This is when the leaves are most tender (嫩的). It is often fried with eggs to balance the sometimes strong taste of the leaves. Sometimes it can also be prepared with tofu. Indian aster （马兰头/马拦头） Its Chinese name means to make a horse turn its head. It is said that its tender taste could make a horse stop moving on. Perhaps because of the name, the green has become a goodbye gift, cooked when one wants to wish a friend a safe journey. The vegetable is usually boiled in water, cut and mixed with tofu and sesame (芝麻) oil.Shepherd’s purse （荠菜） This is a green herb (草本植物) with an unusual smell. It grows early in spring and can be eaten both cooked and uncooked. It tastes a little bit bitter (苦的) and sweet and can be used in dumplings and wonton (馄饨) or cooked in soup. It has other uses, too. For example, in traditional Chinese medicine, it is used to improve eyesight. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词。 1．When do plants start growing freely from the ground? 2．What are toon shoots often fried with? 3．Why has Indian aster become a goodbye gift in China? 4．In traditional Chinese medicine, what do people use Shepherd’s purse to do ? 5．What do you think of the wild spring greens above? 【答案】1．In spring. 2．(With) eggs. 3．Because of the (Chinese) name. 4．To improve eyesight./They use it to improve eyesight. 5．Healthy./Tender./ Delicious... 【导语】本文主要介绍了几种春季的野菜。 1．根据“Spring is the season when plants start to grow freely from the ground.”可知，在春天，植物开始从地里自由生长出来。故填In spring. 2．根据“It is often fried with eggs to balance the sometimes strong taste of the leaves.”可知，香椿芽经常和鸡蛋一起煎。故填(With) eggs. 3．根据“Perhaps because of the name, the green has become a goodbye gift, cooked when one wants to wish a friend a safe journey.”可知，马兰头因其（中文）名字成了中国的告别礼物。故填Because of the (Chinese) name. 4．根据“For example, in traditional Chinese medicine, it is used to improve eyesight.”可知，荠菜在传统中医中，被用来改善视力。故填To improve eyesight./They use it to improve eyesight. 5．开放性题目，答案言之有理即可。参考答案为Healthy./Tender./ Delicious... 13.（22-23八年级下·江苏盐城·期中）One day, a baby snail (蜗牛) found that he had to carry a big and heavy shell at any time. He was confused (困惑的), so he went up to his mother and asked, “Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?” His mother said “Because we don’t have bones to hold us up. We can only move slowly, so we need a shell to protect us.” The baby snail asked again, “The caterpillar (毛毛虫) has no bones, either, and she can’t move quickly. Why can she live without a shell?” The mother snail answered, “That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly. She can fly high into the sky. The sky can protect her.” The baby snail had one more question, “But the earthworm (蚯蚓) moves like us. He has no bones and he won’t turn into a butterfly. Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?” His mother said, “He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him.” The baby snail then cried, “We are so poor! We have no protection from the sky or from the ground!” His mother smiled at him. “That’s why we have a shell. My dear, imagine that if we don’t have the shells, what will happen to us? Hot sun will dry out our bodies and we’ll have nowhere to sleep. What’s more, we’ll die in the heavy rain. How terrible it is! We don’t depend on the sky or the ground for protection. We should depend on ourselves.” 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。（词数不多于6个） 1．Whom did the baby snail ask for help, his mother or father? 2．What will the caterpillar in the story become when she grows up? 3．Where can an earthworm hide? 4．How many questions did the baby snail ask? 5．Who should the snails depend on according to the story? 【答案】1．His mother. 2．A butterfly./It will become a butterfly. 3．In the ground./They can hide in the ground. 4．Three. 5．They should depend on themselves./Themselves. 【导语】本文主要讲了小蜗牛不明白自己为何要背着重重的壳，蜗牛妈妈给出了正确的回答，并告诉蜗牛：我们不依赖天空或地面的保护，我们应该依靠自己。 1．根据“He was confused (困惑的), so he went up to his mother and asked”可知向妈妈求助。故填His mother. 2．根据“That’s because a caterpillar will become a butterfly”可知毛毛虫长大后会变成一只蝴蝶。故填A butterfly./It will become a butterfly. 3．根据“He can dig a hole and hide in the ground, and then the earth can protect him”可知蚯蚓能够躲在地里。故填In the ground./They can hide in the ground. 4．根据“Why was I born with a shell that grew so hard and heavy?”、“Why can she live without a shell?”、“Why doesn’t he carry a hard and heavy shell?”可知问了三个问题。故填Three. 5．根据“We should depend on ourselves.”可知它们要靠它们自己。故填They should depend on themselves./Themselves. 14.（22-23八年级下·江苏无锡·期中）阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每个问题的答案不超过8个单词。 There once was a king who gave a prize to the artist who would paint the best picture. Hundreds of artists tried. The king looked at all the pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them. One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace. The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged (崎岖的) and bare (光秃秃的). Above was an angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down the side of the mountain was a dangerous waterfall (瀑布). But when the king looked closely, he saw behind the waterfall a small bush growing in the rock. In the bush a mother bird had built her nest. There, in the middle of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest—in perfect peace. Which picture do you think won the prize? The king chose the second picture. Do you know why? “Because,” explained the king, “peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble, or hard work. Peace means to be in the middle of all those things and still be calm in your heart. That is the real meaning of peace.” 1．If an artist’s picture was best, what would he get from the king?    2．How many pictures did the king read?     3．Where did the mother bird build her nest? 4．Why did the king choose the second picture? 5．What’s the similarity (相似点) between the two pictures? 【答案】1．He would get a prize./A prize. 2．He read hundreds of pictures./Hundreds of pictures. 3．She built it in the bush./In the bush. 4．Because he felt the real peace./It showed the real meaning of peace. 5．They both have mountains./They are both peaceful./They both show peace. 【导语】本文讲述了从前有个国王，他悬赏能画出最宁静的画的画家。最后有两个作品比较满意，国王最后选择了第二幅画，因为他认为真正的宁静意味着在所有嘈杂的事情中，内心仍保持平静。 1．根据“There once was a king who gave a prize to the artist who would paint the best picture. ”可知，如果一个艺术家的画是最好的，他会从国王那里得到奖赏。故填He would get a prize./A prize. 2．根据“Hundreds of artists tried. The king looked at all the pictures. ”可知，国王看了数百张图画。故填He read hundreds of pictures./Hundreds of pictures. 3．根据“In the bush a mother bird had built her nest.”可知，鸟妈妈在灌木丛中筑巢。故填She built it in the bush./In the bush. 4．根据“peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble, or hard work. Peace means to be in the middle of all those things and still be calm in your heart. That is the real meaning of peace.”可知，因为国王在第二幅画中感受到了真正的平静。/第二幅画显示了平静的真正含义。故填Because he felt the real peace./It showed the real meaning of peace. 5．根据“The other picture had mountains, too.”可知，两张照片都有山。根据“All who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace.”和“There, in the middle of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest—in perfect peace.”可知，两张画都展示了平静。故填They both have mountains./They are both peaceful./They both show peace. 15.（22-23八年级下·江苏扬州·期中）阅读短文，回答下面5个问题。(每题不超过10个词) It was a happy time for me, but there were many dangers because of my small size. There are some incidents (事件) that I remembered clearly. Every morning Glumdalclitch carried my box to the window. One day she carried me to the window as usual, and then she left me there. Some huge wasps came in through the window, and entered the box. They were the size of birds in England, and they were very fierce (凶猛的). I was afraid of them. I took out my sword and fought them. I killed four of them. Luckily, the others flew away. Another dangerous moment that I remembered was this: Glumdalclitch left me in the garden one day, and the weather was very bad. First it rained, and then it hailed (下冰雹) very hard. The hailstones were the size of tennis balls, and they hurt me badly. I managed to hide under a tree, but I was still hit by some of them. Another danger came from an idea that the Queen had. She knew that I liked boats, and she ordered one of her servants to make a little boat for me. The servant put the boat into a tank of water on the table. I spent many hours in this boat. One day, however, a frog jumped out of the water into the boat. I thought the boat would sink, and I was afraid. I was lucky, and I managed to push the frog out of the boat. —Taken from Gulliver’s Travels 1．Why did Gulliver have some dangers? 2．What were as big as the size of birds in England? 3．How did Gulliver keep himself safe from the hailstones? 4．How did Gulliver feel when the frog jumped into the boat? 5．What do you think of Gulliver? 【答案】1．Because he was small (in size)./Because of his small size./Because everything around him was huge/big. 2．Some huge wasps./Wasps. 3．He managed to hide under a tree. /He hid (himself) under a tree./By hiding (himself) under a tree. 4．(He was/felt) afraid. 5．(I think) he is clever and brave./Clever and brave. 【导语】本文主要讲了格列佛变小之后经历的危险。 1．根据第一段“It was a happy time for me, but there were many dangers because of my small size.”可知，因为我的体型小或者说我周围的一切都很大，所以会有一些危险。故填Because he was small (in size)./Because of his small size./Because everything around him was huge/big. 2．根据第二段“Some huge wasps came in through the window, and entered the box. They were the size of birds in England, and they were very fierce.”可知，巨大的“黄蜂”和英国的鸟一样大。故填Some huge wasps./Wasps. 3．根据第三段“The hailstones were the size of tennis balls, and they hurt me badly. I managed to hide under a tree, but I was still hit by some of them.”可知，我设法躲在树下避免冰雹砸到。故填He managed to hide under a tree./He hid (himself) under a tree./By hiding (himself) under a tree. 4．根据最后一段“I thought the boat would sink, and I was afraid.”可知，我很害怕船会下沉。所以当青蛙跳进船里时，格列佛很害怕。故填(He was/felt) afraid. 5．根据第二段“I took out my sword and fought them. I killed four of them. Luckily, the others flew away.”、第三段“I managed to hide under a tree, but I was still hit by some of them.”以及第四段“I was lucky, and I managed to push the frog out of the boat.”可知，我杀了四只黄蜂，又设法把青蛙推出了船，推断出格列佛足够勇敢和聪明来保证自己的安全。故我认为他很聪明很勇敢。故填(I think) he is clever and brave./Clever and brave. 16.（23-24八年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·期中）根据短文(B)内容回答问题。 The world is in great need of fresh water. About 97% of water on Earth is salt water. Man can only drink or use the rest which comes from rivers, lakes and the underground (地下). The number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger, so we need more and more fresh water. Now water shortage (短缺) becomes a big problem. And people are trying their best to find more ways to get fresh water. Then what can we do about it? Scientists have found some ways to turn salt water into fresh water. One important way is to boil (煮沸) sea water at a high temperature. In this way, we can make a lot of fresh water. But it often costs too much. And heating is not the only way to get fresh water. People also have other ways, such as digging deep wells (井), keeping rainwater (雨水) and protecting rivers from being polluted. Which way is better? I think to get the most fresh water with the least money is the best. And most importantly, everyone should take part in saving water. And it’s not difficult. We should just try not to waste any water in our everyday life. 1．Where does the fresh water that people can drink come from? 2．Why do we need more and more fresh water? 3．How many ways to get fresh water are mentioned (被提及) in the passage? 4．Who should take part in saving water? 5．As a student, do we need to save water in our daily life? 【答案】1．River, lakes and the underground. 2．Because the number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger. 3．Four. 4．Everyone. 5．Yes. 【导语】本文主要介绍了世界缺水，缺水原因及避免缺水的方法。 1．根据“Man can only drink or use the rest which comes from rivers, lakes and the underground (地下).”可知，人们可以饮用的水来自河流、湖泊和地下水。故填River, lakes and the underground. 2．根据“The number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger, so we need more and more fresh water.”可知，世界上的人口越来越多，所以我们需要越来越多的淡水。故填Because the number of people in the world is becoming larger and larger. 3．根据“One important way is to boil (煮沸) sea water at a high temperature ... People also have other ways, such as digging deep wells (井), keeping rainwater (雨水) and protecting rivers from being polluted.”可知，文中提到了在高温下煮沸海水、挖深井、保存雨水和保护河流不受污染这四种获取淡水的方法。故填Four. 4．根据“And most importantly, everyone should take part in saving water.”可知，每个人都应该参与节约用水。故填Everyone. 5．根据“And most importantly, everyone should take part in saving water. And it’s not difficult. We should just try not to waste any water in our everyday life.”可知，学生在日常生活中也需要节约用水，此处进行肯定回答。故填Yes. 17.（23-24八年级下·山东滨州·期中）阅读下面短文，并回答问题。 In many countries of the world people are saying, “We must do something about our rubbish. We don’t want our world to become one big landfill site (垃圾填埋场).” In Ireland the government was very worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them. Since 2002 Irish people have been paying for the bags they take home from the shops. Of course, they soon stopped buying new bags and started taking bags with them when shopping. Some countries have made even bigger changes. In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags. They were worried the bags were killing sea animals. They also said nobody could bring plastic bags into the country. Soon there were no plastic bags in the place. One of the most exciting recycling (再利用) ideas is Freecycle. It has grown around the world. People join a Freecycle group because they are looking for things or have things that they want to give to other people. Perhaps they have a chair they do not need any more, or they want a camera. They leave a message on the Internet to tell people what they want or what they are going to give. Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them. It is a good idea because it recycles useful things. Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer. Using less and reusing are also important answers to the problem of rubbish. 1．What did the Irish government ask people to do? 2．When did people start to stop making plastic bags in Zanzibar? 3．Who buys or sells things through Freecycle? 4．What do people think of recycling according to the article? 5．What do you often do to deal with the problem of rubbish? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】1．The Irish government asked people to pay for plastic bags. 2．In 2006. 3．Nobody. 4．It’s important and exciting./Important and exciting. 5．I often recycle the useful part of the rubbish. 【导语】本文介绍了一些国家为减少垃圾所做的贡献，着重介绍Freecycle这个组织。 1．根据“In Ireland the government were very worried about plastic bags so they decided to make people pay for them.”可知爱尔兰政府要求人们为塑料袋付费。故填The Irish government asked people to pay for plastic bags. 2．根据“In 2006, the people of Zanzibar decided to stop making plastic bags.”可知在2006年桑给巴尔决定不再生产塑料袋。故填In 2006. 3．根据“Nobody buys or sells anything—people give things to other people who want them.”可知没有人买卖任何东西。故填Nobody. 4．根据“Recycling is important and sometimes it is exciting too, but it is only one part of the answer.”可知人们认为回收很重要，有时也很令人兴奋。故填It’s important and exciting./Important and exciting. 5．此题是开放性试题，答案合情合理即可。故填I often recycle the useful part of the rubbish. 18.（23-24八年级下·上海奉贤·期中）Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答下列问题） Saving the Well Once upon a time, in a vast desert, there was a small village that depended on a single well for water. The well was not only a source of life for the villagers but also for the travelers who passed through the desert. One year, a really bad drought hit the village. The plants died, animals moved away, and the well’s water level started to drop. The villagers grew worried, knowing that they needed the well to live. Among them was a young boy named Amir. He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water. Amir decided to make a difference. He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots. He also suggested planting drought-resistant (抗旱) plants around the well to keep the soil wet and reduce water evaporation (蒸发). At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen. Amir taught the villagers how to create small basins around the plants to catch more rainwater and how to cover the ground with stones and leaves to reduce evaporation. He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well. As the weeks passed, the villagers noticed a change. The water in the well didn’t go down as much, and the plants around it began to grow well. The efforts to save water paid off, and the village was able to make it through the drought. 1．What happened to the village one year? 2．A lot of villagers took action to save the precious water at the very beginning, didn’t they? 3．Where did Amir collect rainwater at first? 4．When did the villagers start to take Amir’s suggestions seriously? 5．How did Amir and the villagers direct rainwater into the well? 6．What can you learn from the story? 【答案】1．A really bad drought hit the village. 2．No, they didn’t. 3．In pots. 4．When the well’s water even got lower. 5．By digging small channels. 6．We should reduce daily water consumption and save water in our daily life. 【导语】本文主要讲述了个名叫阿米尔的小男孩保护一口井的故事。 1．根据第二段“One year, a really bad drought hit the village.”可知，有一年一场严重的干旱袭击了这个村庄。故填A really bad drought hit the village. 2．根据第二段“He noticed that while everyone was worried, very few were taking action to save the precious water.”可知，许多村民不是一开始就采取行动节约宝贵的水资源。故填No, they didn’t. 3．根据第三段“Amir decided to make a difference. He started by using less water for his daily needs and collected rainwater in pots.”可知，阿米尔最初是用壶收集雨水的。故填In pots. 4．根据第三段“At first, only a few villagers took him seriously, but as the well’s water even got lower, more started to listen.”可知，当井水越来越低时，村民们开始认真对待阿米尔的建议。故填When the well’s water even got lower. 5．根据第四段“He also organized teams to clean up around the well and dig small channels to direct any rainwater into the well.”可知，阿米尔和村民们是通过挖掘小通道将雨水导入井里的。故填By digging small channels. 6．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为We should reduce daily water consumption and save water in our daily life. 19.（23-24八年级下·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·期中）It is reported that the UK will save thousands of red phone boxes. Its first phone box started appearing in 1921, and the special red style came out five years later. As smart phones have become part of everyday life, the public (公共的) phone boxes may seem out of date. But Ofcom, the UK’s communications regulator (通信商), says they can still be a “lifeline” for people in need. “People can use the phone boxes we plan to protect to make calls. If one of those calls is from a sad child, an accident victim (受害者), that phone line can be a lifeline at a time of great need,” says Selina Chadha, a leader in Ofcom. Ofcom plans to protect 5,000 phone boxes, especially in poor areas where smart phones are not so common. “We also want to make sure that people in those areas, often in poor areas, can still make calls,” she adds. According to the official report (官方报道), nearly half of the phone boxes in the UK have lost their places in people’s everyday life. Because more and more people use smart phones. It is said that people turned more than 6, 500 unused call boxes into mini community libraries or coffee shops under a plan called “Adopt a Kiosk”. It allows local organizations (当地组织) to buy a red phone for only one pound and turn the box into something useful. 根据文章内容回答问题（不超过8个词） 1．When did the red phone box appear? 2．What does the underline phrase “out of date” mean? 3．What is the Ofcom according to the passage? 4．How many phone boxes does Ofcom plan to protect? 5．Why did nearly half of the phone boxes in the UK lose their places in people’s everyday life? 【答案】1．In 1921. 2．过时的 3．The UK’s communications regulator. 4．5000. 5．Because more and more people use smart phones. 【导语】本文主要介绍了公共电话亭可能已经过时了，但现在人们将多个未使用的电话亭变成了小型社区图书馆或咖啡店。 1．根据“Its first phone box started appearing in 1921, and the special red style came out five years later.”可知在1921年第一次出现。故填In 1921. 2．根据“As smart phones have become part of everyday life, the public (公共的) phone boxes may seem out of date.”可知智能手机变成日常生活的一部分，所以公共电话亭可能已经过时了，故划线部分意为“过时的”。故填：过时的。 3．根据“But Ofcom, the UK’s communications regulator”可知Ofcom是英国通信商。故填The UK’s communications regulator. 4．根据“Ofcom plans to protect 5,000 phone boxes”可知是计划保护5000个电话亭。故填5000. 5．根据“ nearly half of the phone boxes in the UK have lost their places in people’s everyday life. Because more and more people use smart phones.”可知英国近一半的电话亭已经失去了在人们日常生活中的地位，因为越来越多的人使用智能手机。故填Because more and more people use smart phones. 20.（22-23八年级下·上海虹口·期中） You Are Made to Fly High Once upon a time, a king received two eaglets as a gift. These baby eagles belonged to an uncommon breed (品种), and the king had never seen such beautiful eagles before. He was pleased with the gift and wanted to find an experienced caretaker for them. As the eaglets grew larger and stronger, the king was eager to see how they looked in the sky. He instructed the caretaker to signal them to fly. The caretaker did as he was told. The eagles both spread their wings and took to the air at the signal. However, one of them flew high, while the other flew for a few seconds and returned to its starting branch. Confused by this result, the king questioned, “Why do they behave so differently?” The caretaker explained, “This eagle has always refused to leave that branch.” The king treasured both eagles and desired to see the second eagle flying high. The next day, he announced a reward for anyone who could make that eagle reach new heights. Although many people responded to the challenge and tried every trick, they all failed—there was still no improvement in the eagle. After a few weeks, the king lost hope and nearly gave up. Then, one day, a farmer showed up with a simple solution. He cut down the familiar branch of the eagle, and it worked. Without its perch (栖息处), the eagle had no choice but to take flight. The king was amazed by the farmer’s success. He immediately offered him a lot of gold coins and couldn’t wait to ask, “You’re really something! How did you achieve what others, even the learned ones, couldn’t?” The farmer replied, “Your Majesty (陛下), I’m just an ordinary farmer. I have little knowledge of animal training. But I believed that if the branch on which the eagle used to sit on were gone, the only thing it could do would be fly, and it did so very well.” 1．What did the king do with the pair of eagles he was gifted? . 2．How did the eagles respond when they were signaled to fly? . 3．What action did the king take to improve the second eagle’s performance? . 4．How did the farmer successfully make the second eagle fly high? . 5．Why was the farmer able to complete the king’s challenge? . 6．What is your understanding of the title after reading the story? . 【答案】1．The king wanted to find an experienced caretaker for them. 2．One eagle flew high, while the other flew for a few seconds and returned to its starting branch. 3．He announced a reward for anyone who could make that eagle reach new heights. 4．He cut down the familiar branch of the eagle. 5．Because he believed that if the branch on which the eagle used to sit on were gone, the only thing it could do would be fly. 6．The title suggests that one must leave their comfort zone to achieve greatness. 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位国王收到两只小鹰作为礼物，其中一只鹰不愿离开栖息的树枝，国王尝试多种方法使其飞翔未果，最终一位农夫通过简单的办法成功让鹰飞向高空的故事。故事通过鹰的行为寓意人们需要离开舒适区才能实现更大的成就。 1．根据“the king had never seen such beautiful eagles before. He was pleased with the gift and wanted to find an experienced caretaker for them.”可知，国王对这两只鹰非常满意，并希望为它们找到一个有经验的照顾者，故填The king wanted to find an experienced caretaker for them. 2．根据“The eagles both spread their wings and took to the air at the signal. However, one of them flew high, while the other flew for a few seconds and returned to its starting branch.”可知，两只鹰在信号下起飞，但一只飞得很高，另一只只飞了几秒钟就回到了原来的树枝，故填One eagle flew high, while the other flew for a few seconds and returned to its starting branch. 3．根据“The next day, he announced a reward for anyone who could make that eagle reach new heights.”可知，国王宣布奖励任何能让那只鹰飞得更高的人，故填He announced a reward for anyone who could make that eagle reach new heights. 4．根据“He cut down the familiar branch of the eagle, and it worked. Without its perch (栖息处), the eagle had no choice but to take flight.”可知，农夫砍掉了鹰熟悉的树枝，使其不得不飞翔，故填He cut down the familiar branch of the eagle. 5．根据“But I believed that if the branch on which the eagle used to sit on were gone, the only thing it could do would be fly, and it did so very well.”可知，农夫认为如果鹰栖息的树枝被砍掉，它唯一能做的就是飞翔，故填Because he believed that if the branch on which the eagle used to sit on were gone, the only thing it could do would be fly. 6．根据整个故事内容，标题“You Are Made to Fly High”暗示人们需要离开舒适区才能实现更大的成就，故填The title suggests that one must leave their comfort zone to achieve greatness. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$