重难点06 宾语从句和定语从句 - 2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练（广东专用）

重难点06 宾语从句和定语从句 语法点 考查题型 三年考情分析 2025考向预测 宾语从句 语法选择 2024广东卷37 2023广东卷38 2024深圳卷42 2023深圳卷42 2024广州卷4 2023广州卷7 2022广州卷7 （1）宾语从句的引导词、语序和时态是考查的重点。 （2）定语从句的关系代词和关系副词是考查的重点。 （3）这两个语法点以语法选择和完成句子这两个题型考查为主，也要求在写作中有所体现。 语法填空 2023广东卷67 完成句子 2024广州卷53 2023广州卷54 2022广州卷52 定语从句 书面表达 【易错专攻】 易错点1: 正确判断复合句为宾语从句 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。 如： I know (that) they are friendly. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语从句与主句的谓语动词紧密相连，是主句中的谓语动词的作用对象，存在“动宾关系”。 宾语从句的主句中常见的谓语动词有： ① 表示“说”的动词：say, tell ② 表示“想、认为”的动词：think, believe, consider ③ 表示“知道、了解”的动词：know, understand, wonder, realize ④ 表示“希望、期望”的动词：hope, wish, expect ⑤ 表示“询问、疑惑”的动词：ask, doubt 如： He said that he was tired. I think that she is right. We believe that we can fly. He knows that his friends are friendly. I hope that you can come tomorrow. The king wondered whether the crown was real. 易错点2：宾语从句的引导词误用 ① 混淆if和whether if和whether都表示“是否”，但在介词后或者与or not 连用或在不定式前，只能用whether. 如：I don’t know if / whether we should go there. I don’t know whether we should go there or not. I am thinking about whether we should go there. He doesn’t know whether to stay or to leave. ② 混淆疑问词what和how what侧重于对具体内容的提问，在从句中通常充当主语、宾语或表语； 而how关注方式、方法或程度的描述，在从句中不能充当主语或宾语。 如：He wonders what to repair. ( √ ) (本句中从句里的what充当了repair的宾语） He wonders how to repair. ( × ) （本句中从句里的repair缺少了宾语） He wonders how to repair the computer. ( √ ) （本句中从句里the computer充当了repair的宾语，所以how在从句中提问方式） 易错点3：宾语从句的语序错误 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”，不管主句是否疑问。 其中what’s wrong或what’s the matter作从句时，语序不需要调整。 如：I understand what’s the matter with him. ( √ ) I understand what the matter is with him. ( × ) He understands why they get up early. ( √ ) They don’t know where she is. ( √ ) Do you know where is she? ( × ) Do you know where she is? ( √ ) 易错点4：宾语从句的时态错误 ① 主现从随便（主句用一般现在时，从句随着相应的时态） 如：Can you tell me where they will go? Can you tell me what they are doing now? ② 主过从必过（主句用一般过去时，从句可用一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等过去时态） 如：He didn’t know whether they would fly to Beijing tomorrow. He didn’t know what they were doing. ③ 真理永一现 如：He knew that the Earth goes around the Sun. Yesterday the teacher told us that the Sun rises from the east. 易错点5：定语从句的先行词判断失误 部分句子结构复杂，先行词和定语从句被其他成分隔开，导致难以准确找到先行词。 如：There are some moments in my life which are very unforgettable. 易错点6：定语从句中混淆关系代词和关系副词 关系代词（如that, which, who, whom, whose）在从句中作主语、宾语或定语； 关系副词（如when, where, why）在从句中作状语。 如：This is the factory which I visited last year. (先行词the factory代入从句中，可判断是visit的宾语，不缺介词，所以用关系代词which) This is the factory where I worked last year. (先行词the factory代入从句中，可判断应为work in the factory，但本句缺少介词in，所以用关系副词where作地点状语） This is the factory in which I worked last year. (先行词the factory代入从句中，可判断应为work in the factory，本句已经有介词in，所以用关系代词which作宾语） 易错点7：定语从句中特殊情况下关系词的选择 只能用that的情况： ① 当先行词含最高级、序数词、不定代词时； ② 当先行词即有人又有物时； ③ 当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same等修饰词时。 如：Is there anything that I can do? This is the only film that he loves. 只用which的情况： ① 当先行词有指示代词（that, this, these, those）修饰时； ② 当引导词前有介词时。 如：I know that factory which we visited. The factory in which we worked is modern. （建议用时：40分钟） 一、选择题 1.（2024·广东广州天河区·一模5）He also wondered ________ he was lucky enough to catch one. A. how B. where C. what D. whether 2.（2024·广东广州越秀区·一模10）I would often find myself wondering ________ was going on online. A. where B. which C. what D. when 3.（2024·广东广州越秀区·一模14） I could understand the actual beauty of the world________ I did not need anyone else to prove through likes or shares. A. which B. who C. how D. why 4.（2024·广东广州白云区·一模3） The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother ________ they could keep it. A. if B. unless C. that D. which 5.（2024·广东广州白云区·一模9）The girl told her dad________ had happened and asked to keep the cat. A. what B. how C. when D. why 6.（2024·广东广州南沙区·一模13）The man________ fought for peace left his people unexpectedly. A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 7.（2024·广东广州黄埔区·一模13）We didn’t know________ she had been. A. where B. why C. what D. who 8.（2024·广东广州番禺区·一模15）The young man felt hopeful after hearing ________ the old man said to him. Then he left the forest and began a new life. A. what B. why C. that D. how 9.（2024·广东广州荔湾区·一模14）He expressed________ he felt about the walk. A. when B. that C. how D. why 10.（2024·广东·中考真题37）His mother is satisfied with________ he spends his money. A．how B．which C．whether 11.（2024·广东深圳福田区·中考一模3）--Excuse me, I am new here. I wonder________ . --It's about ten minutes' walk. A．where the bus station is B．when I can get to the bus station C．how long I can go to the bus station D．how far the bus station is from here 12.（2023·广东·中考真题38） There he was often asked ________ he liked space camps so much. A．why B．when C．where 13.（2023·广东广州荔湾区·一模4）I’ve studied ________ the athletes become the best. A．how B．what C．whether D．that 14.（2023·广东广州海珠区·一模3）A big bear, called Fisher, had magic in his tail ________ helped him catch fish. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 15.（2023·广东广州南沙区·一模1）That record had been held by Travis Ludlow, ________ was 18 when he made his flight around the world last year. A．what B．which C．who D．why 16.（2023·广东广州从化区·一模9）It seemed that the dog had understood________ he said. A．what B．how C．where D．when 17.（2023·广东广州从化区·一模14）Ladies and gentlemen, she was that kind woman________ planted the first seed of kindness in me. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 18.（2023·广东广州越秀区·一模3）At the age of five, he was already diagnosed with a brain tumor ________ was considered to be one of the most serious cancers. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 二、短文填空/语法填空 1.（2025·广东深圳31校联考·一模41）Once, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang was planning to build city walls around Nanjing, ________ was the capital of the Ming Dynasty, to protect it from being attacked. 2.（2024·广东深圳33校联考·一模41） For those ________ are interested, the school provides twelve 90-minute classes at a cost of 500 yuan. 3.（2024·广东深圳·中考真题42）At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know ________ the problem lay. 4.（2024·广东深圳·一模38） It can explain ________ Chinese people understand the world. 5.（2023·广东中考·真题42） Can you guess ________ it is? 6.（2023·广东佛山·一模41）No matter where you are, join us for the Gala of the year and see ________ China celebrates this important cultural event. 三、完成句子 1.（2023·广东广州荔湾区·一模55）凯特想知道她将什么时候再有机会来中国旅游。 Kate wonders________ ________ ________ ________ a chance to visit China again. 2.（2024·广东广州白云区·一模52）他们不知道如何处理这些压力。 They don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________ the stress. 3.（2024·广东广州番禺区·一模53）我想知道你是否对这些讲座感兴趣。 I wonder _________ __________ __________ _________ in these lectures. 4.（2024·广东广州黄埔区·一模52）你想知道ChatGPT能人们做什么吗? Do you want to know _________ ChatGPT _________ _________ for people? 5.（2024·广东广州荔湾区·一模54）他们将分享喜欢制造机器人的原因。 They will talk about________ ________ ________ ________ robots. 6.（2024·广东广州天河区·一模53）志愿者们还计划教孩子们如何处理问题。 Volunteers also plan to teach the children ________ ________ ________ ________ problems. 7.（2024·广东广州越秀区·一模53）如果你仔细看上面的图，你就会知道它是如何工作的。 _________ you look at the picture above carefully, you _________ _________ how it _______. 8.（2024·广东广州增城区·一模52）一开始，Tom Sawyer在想他怎样才能吸引孩子们的注意。 Tom Sawyer was wondering ________ ________ ________ the kids’ attention at first. 9.（2023·广东广州增城区·一模53）这是她第一次来中国， 她不知道自己是否能明白中文。 She wondered ________ ________ ________ ________ Chinese because this was her first time to come to China. 10.（2023·广东广州天河区·一模52）这项研究想要了解人们平时能否得到足够多的锻炼。 The study wants to know ________ ________ ________ ________ enough exercise in their daily life. 11.（2023·广东广州天河区·一模55）凯特想知道她将什么时候再有机会来中国旅游。 Kate wonders ________ ________ ________ ________ a chance to visit China again. 三、短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示, 补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 （2024·广东深圳33校联考·一模）29-year-old Yang Xu has taken up a new hobby: seal carving (篆刻), and has been taking classes at a local night school. “I used____1____ (spend) my free time staring at my smartphone,” Yang said. “Now, I spend one and a half____2____ (hour) at the seal cutting class every day, finding achievement and peace in it.” Night classes were very popular in the 1980s, when many young Chinese people were learning new skills to make ____3____ living. Today, these classes are becoming popular again among young people, though they now serve the purpose ____4____ enriching cultural needs. The night art school Yang attends____5____ (set) up by the local government in 2016. For those ____6____ are interested, the school provides twelve 90-minute classes at a cost of 500 yuan. On average, the price for each hour of class is ____7____ (near) the same as a bubble tea. Before the night school was opened, young people had trouble ____8____ (find) classes in traditional art. Today, the night school provides all these classes at a reasonable price, taught by ____9____ (celebrate) teachers and artists. For many young people, night classes are an escape from the busy city life. “The stress in city creates a lot of worries,” Yang said. “People need a place to rest____10____ (they) minds, and night art classes can be that one.” 四、语法选择 （2024·广东广州番禺区·一模）Once there was a young man who lived a hard life. He lost his job and his wife went away from ___1___. He had ___2___ much pressure that he didn’t see a bright future at all. He went into the forest alone. He met ___3___ old man who had lived there for a long time. He shared his story ___4___ the old man and asked, “Can you give me a reason ___5___ on?” “___6___ at that,” the old man said. “Do you see the fern (蕨类植物) and bamboo there?” “Yes,” the man answered. “___7___ I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern ___8___ grew from the land,” the old man went on. “Although the bamboo seed ___9___ too, it still didn’t begin to grow. ____10____ I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small bamboo tree ____11____ out of the land. Within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall. ____12____ amazing it was!” “The little bamboo tree has been growing underground in the past four years, developing a root strong enough ____13____ in the fifth year. Without the root, it ____14____ not be so strong. So you know, all the time you are struggling, you are actually growing strong roots,” the old man said. The young man felt hopeful after hearing ____15____ the old man said to him. Then he left the forest and began a new life. Never lose hope when you are in trouble. 1. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 2. A. very B. too C. so D. such 3. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. A. with B. for C. to D. of 5. A. live B. lives C. lived D. to live 6. A. Look B. Looks C. To look D. Looking 7. A. Before B. After C. Unless D. Though 8. A. quick B. quicker C. quickest D. quickly 9. A. watered B. waters C. was watered D. were watered 10. A. Or B. But C. If D. Because 11. A. come B. comes C. came D. will come 12. A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 13. A. growing B. grow C. grew D. to grow 14. A. can B. need C. should D. must 15. A. what B. why C. that D. how （2024·广东广州南沙区·一模）Martin Luther King Jr. was a great person in America. ___1___ he was still a boy, Martin learned that the black Americans were often treated differently from most of ___2___ fellow Americans. Many could not attend good schools, get good jobs, or live in nice houses ___3___ the colour of their skin. Martin knew that in a free country this was wrong. He wanted to help his black brothers and sisters, ___4___ he went to college and later became a minister. Martin ___5___ believed that people should love their neighbours as themselves, which guided his actions throughout his life. In 1947, Martin became a pastor (牧师) in Montgomory, Alabama. This is where his “peaceful fight” first ___6___. He was also ___7___ great speaker. His speech “I Have a Dream” is regarded as one of ___8___ events in American history. In his speech, he expressed the dream for white and black Americans to walk hand in hand as brothers. He said that all Americans should ___9___ by their character rather than the colour of their skin. Dr. King worked for equality (平等) in ___10___ cities too. He knew that the only way people could win their rights was to remain peaceful, even in face of ___11___. Dr. King won the Nobel Prize in 1964 for his achievements and courage. However something terrible happened ___12___ April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. Martin Luther King Jr. was shot. The man ___13___ fought for peace left his people unexpectedly. The whole nation felt ___14___ about it. But Dr. King’s dream can never die. Many Americans still are struggling ___15___ that dream come true. 1. A. When B. That C. Where D. Before 2. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves 3. A. as B. since C. because D. because of 4. A. so B. but C. and D. although 5. A. strong B. strongly C. stronger D. strongest 6. A. begin B. begins C. began D. begun 7. A. an B. a C. the D. / 8. A. fame B. famous C. more famous D. the most famous 9. A. judge B. judged C. be judged D. judging 10. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 11. A. dangerous B. danger C. dangerously D. endangered 12. A. in B. at C. on D. for 13. A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 14. A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sadder 15. A. make B. makes C. making D. to make 完形填空 （2024·广东深圳33校·一模）Seven years ago, I was a 16-year-old girl doing a part-time job at an aquarium (水族馆). My passion for the 1 and my dream of becoming a biologist made every day at the aquarium exciting. I also got along well with the other workers. However, when “Shark Week” arrived, on the day of my duty, I suddenly fell 2 . My face appeared pale and I was about to 3 . My co-worker noticed and walked me to the office. Feeling really sick, I knew I had to take a 4 home. As I made my way to the bus stop, I passed a cupcake shop. Considering the hot weather, I decided to 5 myself to an ice cream. The woman at the checkout did the usual customer service “How’s your day?” Hearing this, I almost 6 in tears as I explained that I wasn’t well enough to work and that I would end up missing Shark Week. She looked at me in sympathy and 7 asked if I wanted some chocolate on my ice cream. I said sure. As I 8 for my purse, the woman immediately told me that it was on her. I was so 9 that I thanked her a million times before leaving. My memory isn’t the best, but her act of kindness did make my terrible day better. Small kindnesses really make a 10 . The experience of that day has always reminded me to be a source of positivity for those around me, especially during difficult times. 1．A．art B．city C．ocean D．mountain 2．A．ill B．short C．asleep D．silent 3．A．set out B．fall over C．take off D．grow up 4．A．car B．bus C．train D．bike 5．A．apply B．force C．treat D．bring 6．A．ran away B．made up C．held on D．broke down 7．A．sadly B．kindly C．angrily D．strangely 8．A．paid B．cared C．waited D．reached 9．A．surprised B．interested C．moving D．encouraging 10．A．deal B．choice C．comment D．difference （2024·广东广州番禺区·一模）Jason had the best apples in town, but kids knew they mustn’t go into his yard to pick delicious apples. They always said that Jason was ____1____. One Friday, Jane was walking by Jason’s house with her friend Amy. Like most of the children, Jane was scared of the old man because of the ____2____ about him that she heard. Jane thought that Jason would hurt them. To stay away from trouble, Jane ____3____ that they could cross over to the other side of the street. Amy told Jane not to worry. Still, Jane was growing more ____4____ when she was closer to Jason’s house. When Jason saw Amy, he ____5____ and said, “Hello, Amy. You’ve got a friend with you today.” Amy smiled back and told him they were going to listen to music and play games. Jason told them that sounded fun, and gave each of them a fresh ____6____. As they walked on, Jane asked Amy, “Everyone says Jason is the ____7____ man in town. Why was he so nice to us just now?” Amy explained that when she first started walking past his house, Jason wasn’t very ____8____, but she smiled at him. One day, he smiled back at her. After some more time, he started smiling ____9____ and then talking to her kindly. We’re always working hard to achieve so much, and it‘s easy to forget that we can make ourselves and others happy easily. Actually, ____10____ is important. A simple smile can make you happy and relaxed. And giving a smile takes so little effort. Let’s smile at others. 1. A. hard-working B. careless C. terrible D. helpful 2. A. works B. articles C. stories D. songs 3. A. agreed B. refused C. accepted D. suggested 4. A. excited B. cheerful C. bored D. nervous 5. A. shouted B. smiled C. cried D. left 6. A. apple B. gift C. flower D. hug 7. A. strictest B. luckiest C. gentlest D. happiest 8. A. angry B. friendly C. afraid D. frightened 9. A. calmly B. coldly C. warmly D. humorously 10. A. smiling B. resting C. forgetting D. paying / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点06 宾语从句和定语从句 语法点 考查题型 三年考情分析 2025考向预测 宾语从句 语法选择 2024广东卷37 2023广东卷38 2024深圳卷42 2023深圳卷42 2024广州卷4 2023广州卷7 2022广州卷7 （1）宾语从句的引导词、语序和时态是考查的重点。 （2）定语从句的关系代词和关系副词是考查的重点。 （3）这两个语法点以语法选择和完成句子这两个题型考查为主，也要求在写作中有所体现。 语法填空 2023广东卷67 完成句子 2024广州卷53 2023广州卷54 2022广州卷52 定语从句 书面表达 【易错专攻】 易错点1: 正确判断复合句为宾语从句 宾语从句是指在复合句中充当宾语的句子。 如： I know (that) they are friendly. 主语 谓语 宾语 宾语从句与主句的谓语动词紧密相连，是主句中的谓语动词的作用对象，存在“动宾关系”。 宾语从句的主句中常见的谓语动词有： ① 表示“说”的动词：say, tell ② 表示“想、认为”的动词：think, believe, consider ③ 表示“知道、了解”的动词：know, understand, wonder, realize ④ 表示“希望、期望”的动词：hope, wish, expect ⑤ 表示“询问、疑惑”的动词：ask, doubt 如： He said that he was tired. I think that she is right. We believe that we can fly. He knows that his friends are friendly. I hope that you can come tomorrow. The king wondered whether the crown was real. 易错点2：宾语从句的引导词误用 ① 混淆if和whether if和whether都表示“是否”，但在介词后或者与or not 连用或在不定式前，只能用whether. 如：I don’t know if / whether we should go there. I don’t know whether we should go there or not. I am thinking about whether we should go there. He doesn’t know whether to stay or to leave. ② 混淆疑问词what和how what侧重于对具体内容的提问，在从句中通常充当主语、宾语或表语； 而how关注方式、方法或程度的描述，在从句中不能充当主语或宾语。 如：He wonders what to repair. ( √ ) (本句中从句里的what充当了repair的宾语） He wonders how to repair. ( × ) （本句中从句里的repair缺少了宾语） He wonders how to repair the computer. ( √ ) （本句中从句里the computer充当了repair的宾语，所以how在从句中提问方式） 易错点3：宾语从句的语序错误 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他”，不管主句是否疑问。 其中what’s wrong或what’s the matter作从句时，语序不需要调整。 如：I understand what’s the matter with him. ( √ ) I understand what the matter is with him. ( × ) He understands why they get up early. ( √ ) They don’t know where she is. ( √ ) Do you know where is she? ( × ) Do you know where she is? ( √ ) 易错点4：宾语从句的时态错误 ① 主现从随便（主句用一般现在时，从句随着相应的时态） 如：Can you tell me where they will go? Can you tell me what they are doing now? ② 主过从必过（主句用一般过去时，从句可用一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等过去时态） 如：He didn’t know whether they would fly to Beijing tomorrow. He didn’t know what they were doing. ③ 真理永一现 如：He knew that the Earth goes around the Sun. Yesterday the teacher told us that the Sun rises from the east. 易错点5：定语从句的先行词判断失误 部分句子结构复杂，先行词和定语从句被其他成分隔开，导致难以准确找到先行词。 如：There are some moments in my life which are very unforgettable. 易错点6：定语从句中混淆关系代词和关系副词 关系代词（如that, which, who, whom, whose）在从句中作主语、宾语或定语； 关系副词（如when, where, why）在从句中作状语。 如：This is the factory which I visited last year. (先行词the factory代入从句中，可判断是visit的宾语，不缺介词，所以用关系代词which) This is the factory where I worked last year. (先行词the factory代入从句中，可判断应为work in the factory，但本句缺少介词in，所以用关系副词where作地点状语） This is the factory in which I worked last year. (先行词the factory代入从句中，可判断应为work in the factory，本句已经有介词in，所以用关系代词which作宾语） 易错点7：定语从句中特殊情况下关系词的选择 只能用that的情况： ① 当先行词含最高级、序数词、不定代词时； ② 当先行词即有人又有物时； ③ 当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same等修饰词时。 如：Is there anything that I can do? This is the only film that he loves. 只用which的情况： ① 当先行词有指示代词（that, this, these, those）修饰时； ② 当引导词前有介词时。 如：I know that factory which we visited. The factory in which we worked is modern. （建议用时：40分钟） 一、选择题 1.（2024·广东广州天河区·一模5）He also wondered ________ he was lucky enough to catch one. A. how B. where C. what D. whether 2.（2024·广东广州越秀区·一模10）I would often find myself wondering ________ was going on online. A. where B. which C. what D. when 3.（2024·广东广州越秀区·一模14） I could understand the actual beauty of the world________ I did not need anyone else to prove through likes or shares. A. which B. who C. how D. why 4.（2024·广东广州白云区·一模3） The cat looked so cute that the kids asked their mother ________ they could keep it. A. if B. unless C. that D. which 5.（2024·广东广州白云区·一模9）The girl told her dad________ had happened and asked to keep the cat. A. what B. how C. when D. why 6.（2024·广东广州南沙区·一模13）The man________ fought for peace left his people unexpectedly. A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 7.（2024·广东广州黄埔区·一模13）We didn’t know________ she had been. A. where B. why C. what D. who 8.（2024·广东广州番禺区·一模15）The young man felt hopeful after hearing ________ the old man said to him. Then he left the forest and began a new life. A. what B. why C. that D. how 9.（2024·广东广州荔湾区·一模14）He expressed________ he felt about the walk. A. when B. that C. how D. why 10.（2024·广东·中考真题37）His mother is satisfied with________ he spends his money. A．how B．which C．whether 11.（2024·广东深圳福田区·中考一模3）--Excuse me, I am new here. I wonder________ . --It's about ten minutes' walk. A．where the bus station is B．when I can get to the bus station C．how long I can go to the bus station D．how far the bus station is from here 12.（2023·广东·中考真题38） There he was often asked ________ he liked space camps so much. A．why B．when C．where 13.（2023·广东广州荔湾区·一模4）I’ve studied ________ the athletes become the best. A．how B．what C．whether D．that 14.（2023·广东广州海珠区·一模3）A big bear, called Fisher, had magic in his tail ________ helped him catch fish. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 15.（2023·广东广州南沙区·一模1）That record had been held by Travis Ludlow, ________ was 18 when he made his flight around the world last year. A．what B．which C．who D．why 16.（2023·广东广州从化区·一模9）It seemed that the dog had understood________ he said. A．what B．how C．where D．when 17.（2023·广东广州从化区·一模14）Ladies and gentlemen, she was that kind woman________ planted the first seed of kindness in me. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 18.（2023·广东广州越秀区·一模3）At the age of five, he was already diagnosed with a brain tumor ________ was considered to be one of the most serious cancers. A．who B．whose C．which D．what 【答案】1-5 DCAAA 6-10 BAACA 11-15 DAABC 16-18 AAC 【解析】 1. 句意：他还想知道自己是否足够幸运能抓到一只。 how怎样；where哪里；what什么；whether是否。根据“he was lucky enough to catch one”可知，此处指“是否足够幸运能抓到一只”，其他选项不符合句意，故选D。 2. 句意：以前，在做某件事的时候，我经常会发现自己在想网上发生了什么。 where哪里；which哪一个；what什么；when什么时候。此处是宾语从句，空处需要作宾语，应用what引导宾语从句，故选C。 3. 句意：我可以理解世界的真正美丽，我不需要别人通过点赞或分享来证明。 which先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语或宾语；how不引导定语从句；why先行词为reason，在从句中作状语。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句，先行词指物，关系词作宾语，应用which引导定语从句，故选A。 4. 句意：这只猫看起来很可爱，孩子们问妈妈是否可以收养它。 if是否；unless除非；that那个；which哪一个。根据“they could keep it.”可知，这里是由if引导的宾语从句。故选A。 5. 句意：女孩把发生的事告诉了她爸爸，并要求养猫。 what什么；how怎样；when什么时候；why为什么。根据“The girl told her dad…had happened”可知，这里是由what引导的宾语从句，what作作主语。故选A. 6. 句意：那个为和平而战的人出乎意料地离开了他的人民。 whom引导定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，关系词在从句中作主语或宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词是人或物，关系词在从句中作定语。句子是定语从句，先行词是The man，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。 7. 句意：“我们不知道她去了哪里？” where哪里；why为什么；what什么；who谁。根据“We didn’t know...she had been”可知，我们不知道她去了哪里。故选A。 8. 句意：听到老人对他说的话后，年轻人感到充满希望。 what什么；why为什么；that引导从句，无意义；how如何。此处缺少said的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故选A。 9. 句意：他表达了对此次散步是如何感受的。 when什么时候；that那个；how如何；why为什么。分析句子可知，此处缺少宾语从句引导词，并在从句中作状语，表达“如何”。故选C。 10. 句意：他母亲对他花钱的方式很满意。 how如何；which哪一个；whether是否。根据“His mother is satisfied with...he spends his money.”可知，母亲对他花钱的方式很满意。故选A。 11. 句意：——对不起，我是新来的。我想知道汽车站离这儿有多远。——步行大约十分钟。考查宾语从句。A. where the bus station is公共汽车站在哪；B. when I can get to the bus station我什么时候能到公共汽车站；C. how long I can go to the bus station到公共汽车站要多长时间；D. how far the bus station is from here公共汽车站离这有多远。根据回答It's about ten minutes' walk.，可知问的是距离，需用how far提问，故选D。 12. 句意：在那里，他经常被问到为什么他如此喜欢太空营。 why为什么；when什么时候；where在哪里。根据“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp”可知，人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。 13. 句意：我研究过运动员是如何成为最好的。 how如何；what什么；whether是否；that引导从句，无实际含义。根据“That is practice.”可知此处是说研究过运动员如何成为最好的。故选A。 14. 句意：一只名叫Fisher的大熊，尾巴上有魔法，可以帮助他捕鱼。 who谁；which哪一个；what什么；whose谁的。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词tail指物，在从句中作主语，故选B。 15. 句意：这一纪录由特拉维斯·勒德洛保持，他去年环游世界时年仅18岁。 what什么；which哪一个；who谁；why为什么。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是Travis Ludlow，在从句中做主语，应用who。故选C。 16. 句意：狗似乎明白了他说的话，“连狗都喜欢！”他想。 what什么；how怎么样；where哪里；when什么时候。what he said“他所说的”，故选A。 17. 句意：然后他说：“女士们、先生们，她就是那个在我身上播下第一颗善良种子的善良女人。” who指人；which指物；whose指人，且只作定语；whom指人，且只作宾语。此空指代先行词woman，且在定语从句中作主语，故选A。 18. 句意：五岁时，他已经被诊断出患有脑瘤，这被认为是最严重的癌症之一。 who谁，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose谁的，在定语从句中作定语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what什么，不引导定语从句。根据“he was already diagnosed with a brain tumor ... was considered to be one of the most serious cancers.”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词指物，且在从句中作主语，用which引导。故选C。 二、短文填空/语法填空 1.（2025·广东深圳31校联考·一模41）Once, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang was planning to build city walls around Nanjing, ________ was the capital of the Ming Dynasty, to protect it from being attacked. 2.（2024·广东深圳33校联考·一模41） For those ________ are interested, the school provides twelve 90-minute classes at a cost of 500 yuan. 3.（2024·广东深圳·中考真题42）At first, we weren’t very good. We did not know ________ the problem lay. 4.（2024·广东深圳·一模38） It can explain ________ Chinese people understand the world. 5.（2023·广东中考·真题42） Can you guess ________ it is? 6.（2023·广东佛山·一模41）No matter where you are, join us for the Gala of the year and see ________ China celebrates this important cultural event. 【答案】1. which 2. who 3. where 4. how 5. what 6. how 【解析】 1. 句意：曾经，朱元璋计划在明朝的首都南京周围建造城墙，以保护它免受攻击。先行词是“Nanjing”，在从句中作主语，指物，所以要用关系代词“which”引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。 2. 句意：学校对感兴趣的人提供12节90分钟的课程，价格为500元。根据“those…are interested”可知, 本句为定语从句，先行词those指人，关系代词用who。故填who。 3. 句意：我们不知道问题在哪里。know后接宾语从句，从句中主谓为the problem lay，缺少地点状语，因此用where引导该宾语从句。故填where。 4. 句意：它可以解释中国人是如何理解世界的。根据“Chinese people understand the world”可知，是指中国人如何理解世界，用how“如何”引导宾语从句。故填how。 5. 句意：你能猜出它是什么吗？根据“Can you guess...it is?”可知是询问猜出它是什么。what“什么”。故填what。 6. 句意：无论您身在何处，都可以加入我们的年度盛会，看看中国是如何庆祝这一重要文化事件的。动词see后是宾语从句，需要添加连接词，根据“No matter where you are, join us for the Gala of the year and see...China celebrates this important cultural event.”可知，连接词how“怎么样”符合。故填how。 三、完成句子 1.（2023·广东广州荔湾区·一模55）凯特想知道她将什么时候再有机会来中国旅游。 Kate wonders________ ________ ________ ________ a chance to visit China again. 2.（2024·广东广州白云区·一模52）他们不知道如何处理这些压力。 They don’t know ________ ________ ________ ________ the stress. 3.（2024·广东广州番禺区·一模53）我想知道你是否对这些讲座感兴趣。 I wonder _________ __________ __________ _________ in these lectures. 4.（2024·广东广州黄埔区·一模52）你想知道ChatGPT能人们做什么吗? Do you want to know _________ ChatGPT _________ _________ for people? 5.（2024·广东广州荔湾区·一模54）他们将分享喜欢制造机器人的原因。 They will talk about________ ________ ________ ________ robots. 6.（2024·广东广州天河区·一模53）志愿者们还计划教孩子们如何处理问题。 Volunteers also plan to teach the children ________ ________ ________ ________ problems. 7.（2024·广东广州越秀区·一模53）如果你仔细看上面的图，你就会知道它是如何工作的。 _________ you look at the picture above carefully, you _________ _________ how it _______. 8.（2024·广东广州增城区·一模52）一开始，Tom Sawyer在想他怎样才能吸引孩子们的注意。 Tom Sawyer was wondering ________ ________ ________ the kids’ attention at first. 9.（2023·广东广州增城区·一模53）这是她第一次来中国， 她不知道自己是否能明白中文。 She wondered ________ ________ ________ ________ Chinese because this was her first time to come to China. 10.（2023·广东广州天河区·一模52）这项研究想要了解人们平时能否得到足够多的锻炼。 The study wants to know ________ ________ ________ ________ enough exercise in their daily life. 11.（2023·广东广州天河区·一模55）凯特想知道她将什么时候再有机会来中国旅游。 Kate wonders ________ ________ ________ ________ a chance to visit China again. 【答案】1. when she will have 2. what to do with / how to deal with 3. if / whether you are interested 4. what can do 5. why they like making 6. how to deal with 7. if, will know, works 8. how to catch 9. if / whether she could understand 10. if/ whether people can get/take/do 11. when she will have 【解析】 1. “什么时候”when，引导宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序；“她”she，作宾语从句的主语；“有机会做某事”have a chance to do sth.，主现从不限，结合“将”可知从句用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故填when；she；will；have。 2. 根据所给中文句子提示可知，空处所缺信息为“如何处理”，“处理”可译为：do with或deal with。do with常与连接代词what连用，deal with常与关系副词how连用，所以可以用“疑问词+动词不定式”来翻译，即what to do with或how to deal with。故填what to do with/how to deal with。 3. 根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“你是否感兴趣”；根据“I wonder”可知，此句为宾语从句，whether/if“是否”；you“你”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”，时态为一般现在时，从句主语为you，所以be动词用are。故填whether/if；you；are；interested。 4. 根据句意可知，本句是含有宾语从句的复合句，主句是一般现在时，主语是you，谓语动词为want，宾语是to know，所以空缺处是宾语从句的引导词what，且从句需陈述语序，can“能”，后接动词原形；do“做”为从句的谓语动词。故填what；can；do。 5. 根据汉语意思可知，该句也可表达为“他们将分享为什么他们喜欢制造机器人”；why“为什么”，引导宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序；they“他们”，作主语，like“喜欢”，为谓语；like doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，make“制造”，其动名词为making。故填why；they；like；making。 6. 根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“如何处理问题”的英文表达。how to deal with“如何处理”。故填how；to；deal；with。 7.如果：if，位于句首，首字母大写；知道：know；工作：work。条件状语从句中，时态规则为“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时；“how it...”是宾语从句，宾语从句用一般现在时，it是第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式。故填If；will；know；works。 8.catch one’s attention“吸引某人的注意”，此处用疑问词“how+动词不定式”的结构，作was wondering的宾语。故填how；to；catch。 9.根据中文提示及所给英文可知，此处考查if/whether“是否”引导的宾语从句，she“她”作主语，时态遵循主过从过原则，情态动词can“能”变形为过去式could，后接动词原形understand“理解”。故填if/whether；she；could；understand。 10. 根据所给汉语提示可知，空格处表示的是“人们能否得到”。if/whether“是否”，can“能”，people“人们”，“得到锻炼”可以表达成get exercise/take excercise/do exercise。分析句子可知，“know”后为宾语从句，要用陈述语序，情态动词后要用动词原形。故填if/whether；people；can；get/take/do。 11. “什么时候”when，引导宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序；“她”she，作宾语从句的主语；“有机会做某事”have a chance to do sth.，主现从不限，结合“将”可知从句用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故填when；she；will；have。 三、短文填空 根据短文内容及所给提示, 补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。 （2024·广东深圳33校联考·一模）29-year-old Yang Xu has taken up a new hobby: seal carving (篆刻), and has been taking classes at a local night school. “I used____1____ (spend) my free time staring at my smartphone,” Yang said. “Now, I spend one and a half____2____ (hour) at the seal cutting class every day, finding achievement and peace in it.” Night classes were very popular in the 1980s, when many young Chinese people were learning new skills to make ____3____ living. Today, these classes are becoming popular again among young people, though they now serve the purpose ____4____ enriching cultural needs. The night art school Yang attends____5____ (set) up by the local government in 2016. For those ____6____ are interested, the school provides twelve 90-minute classes at a cost of 500 yuan. On average, the price for each hour of class is ____7____ (near) the same as a bubble tea. Before the night school was opened, young people had trouble ____8____ (find) classes in traditional art. Today, the night school provides all these classes at a reasonable price, taught by ____9____ (celebrate) teachers and artists. For many young people, night classes are an escape from the busy city life. “The stress in city creates a lot of worries,” Yang said. “People need a place to rest____10____ (they) minds, and night art classes can be that one.” 【答案】 1．to spend 2．hours 3．a 4．of 5．was set 6．who 7．nearly 8．finding 9．celebrated 10．their 【解析】本文介绍了夜校艺术课程。 1．句意：我过去常常利用空闲时间盯着智能手机看。根据“used”可知，used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”。故填to spend。 2．句意：现在，我每天花一个半小时上篆刻课，从中找到成就感和平静。根据“one and a half”可知，此处用hour的复数形式。故填hours。 3．句意：夜校在20世纪80年代非常受欢迎，当时许多中国年轻人正在学习谋生的新技能。make a living意为“谋生”。故填a。 4．句意：如今，这些课程再次受到年轻人的欢迎，尽管现在的目的是丰富文化需求。根据“the purpose…enriching cultural needs”可知，the purpose of表示“……的目的”。故填of。 5．句意：杨旭就读的夜校是当地政府于2016年设立的。根据“by”可知，本句用被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，根据时间状语“in 2016”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语school 是名词单数形式，系动词用was。故填was set。 6．句意：学校对感兴趣的人提供12节90分钟的课程，价格为500元。根据“those…are interested”可知, 本句为定语从句，先行词those指人，关系代词用who。故填who。 7．句意：平均每小时的课程价格几乎和一杯奶茶的价格一样。修饰形容词same用副词，nearly表示“将近，几乎”。故填nearly。 8．句意：在夜校开设之前，年轻人很难找到传统艺术课程。have trouble doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。故填finding。 9．句意：如今，夜校以合理的价格提供所有这些课程，由知名的老师和艺术家教授。修饰名词teachers和artists用形容词，celebrated意为“知名的”。故填celebrated。 10．句意：人们需要一个让心灵休息的地方，夜间艺术课就是这样一个地方。修饰名词minds用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 四、语法选择 （2024·广东广州番禺区·一模）Once there was a young man who lived a hard life. He lost his job and his wife went away from ___1___. He had ___2___ much pressure that he didn’t see a bright future at all. He went into the forest alone. He met ___3___ old man who had lived there for a long time. He shared his story ___4___ the old man and asked, “Can you give me a reason ___5___ on?” “___6___ at that,” the old man said. “Do you see the fern (蕨类植物) and bamboo there?” “Yes,” the man answered. “___7___ I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully. Within a few days, the fern ___8___ grew from the land,” the old man went on. “Although the bamboo seed ___9___ too, it still didn’t begin to grow. ____10____ I didn’t give up and continued looking after it. In the fifth year, a small bamboo tree ____11____ out of the land. Within six months, the tree grew a hundred feet tall. ____12____ amazing it was!” “The little bamboo tree has been growing underground in the past four years, developing a root strong enough ____13____ in the fifth year. Without the root, it ____14____ not be so strong. So you know, all the time you are struggling, you are actually growing strong roots,” the old man said. The young man felt hopeful after hearing ____15____ the old man said to him. Then he left the forest and began a new life. Never lose hope when you are in trouble. 1. A. he B. him C. his D. himself 2. A. very B. too C. so D. such 3. A. a B. an C. the D. / 4. A. with B. for C. to D. of 5. A. live B. lives C. lived D. to live 6. A. Look B. Looks C. To look D. Looking 7. A. Before B. After C. Unless D. Though 8. A. quick B. quicker C. quickest D. quickly 9. A. watered B. waters C. was watered D. were watered 10. A. Or B. But C. If D. Because 11. A. come B. comes C. came D. will come 12. A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 13. A. growing B. grow C. grew D. to grow 14. A. can B. need C. should D. must 15. A. what B. why C. that D. how 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个年轻人遇到很多挫折，此时非常想放弃，在森林里遇到了一位老人，他给他讲述了蕨类植物和竹子的不同的生长方式，告诉我们遇到困难时不要失去希望。 1. 句意：他失去了工作，他的妻子也离开了他。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据语境可知，他的妻子离开了他，作介词的宾语用代词宾格。故选B。 2. 句意：他压力太大，以至于他根本看不到光明的未来。 very非常；too太；so如此；such如此。根据“much pressure that...”可知此处是so much...that“如此多的……以至于”。故选C。 3. 句意：他遇到了一位在那里住了很长时间的老人。 a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头单词；an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；the定冠词；/零冠词。此处泛指“一位老人”，old以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选B。 4. 句意：他和老人分享了自己的故事。 with和；for为了；to到；of……的。share sth. with sb.“和某人分享某物”。故选A。 5. 句意：你能给我一个活下去的理由吗？ live居住，动词原形；lives动词单三；lived动词过去式；to live动词不定式。根据“a reason...”可知此处用动词不定式作定语。故选D。 6. 句意：看那个。 look看，动词原形；looks动词单三；to look动词不定式；looking动名词。句子是祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选A。 7. 句意：我种下蕨类植物和竹子的种子后，仔细地给它们浇水。 before在……之前；after在……之后；unless除非；though虽然。根据“I planted the fern and bamboo seeds, I watered them carefully”可知是种下之后给它们浇水。故选B。 8. 句意：几天之内，蕨类植物很快就从地上长了出来。 quick快，形容词原级；quicker比较级；quickest最高级；quickly快速地，副词。此处修饰动词grew用副词。故选D。 9. 句意：尽管竹子的种子也被浇了水，但它仍然没有开始生长。 watered浇水，过去式；waters动词单三；was watered一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数；were watered一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第一、三人称复数或第二人称。主语the bamboo seed和谓语之间是被动关系，且主语为单数，be动词用was。故选C。 10. 句意：但我没有放弃，继续照顾它。 or或者；but但是；if如果；because因为。此处和前文是转折关系，用but连接。故选B。 11. 句意：第五年，一棵小竹子从地里长了出来。 come来，动词原形；comes动词单三；came过去式；will come一般将来时。根据“the tree grew”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。 12. 句意：太神奇了！ what引导感叹句，中心词是不可数名词或可数名词复数；what an引导感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数；how引导感叹句，中心词是形容词或副词；how an不引导感叹句。中心词是形容词，用how引导感叹句。故选C。 13. 句意：在过去的四年里，这棵小竹子一直在地下生长，第五年就长出了足够强壮的根。 growing生长，动名词；grow动词原形；grew过去式；to grow动词不定式。enough to do“足够做某事”。故选D。 14. 句意：没有根，它就不可能这么强壮。 can能；need需要；should应该；must必须。根据“not be so strong”可知它不能生长这么强壮。故选A。 15. 句意：听到老人对他说的话后，年轻人感到充满希望。 what什么；why为什么；that引导从句，无意义；how如何。此处缺少said的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故选A。 （2024·广东广州南沙区·一模）Martin Luther King Jr. was a great person in America. ___1___ he was still a boy, Martin learned that the black Americans were often treated differently from most of ___2___ fellow Americans. Many could not attend good schools, get good jobs, or live in nice houses ___3___ the colour of their skin. Martin knew that in a free country this was wrong. He wanted to help his black brothers and sisters, ___4___ he went to college and later became a minister. Martin ___5___ believed that people should love their neighbours as themselves, which guided his actions throughout his life. In 1947, Martin became a pastor (牧师) in Montgomory, Alabama. This is where his “peaceful fight” first ___6___. He was also ___7___ great speaker. His speech “I Have a Dream” is regarded as one of ___8___ events in American history. In his speech, he expressed the dream for white and black Americans to walk hand in hand as brothers. He said that all Americans should ___9___ by their character rather than the colour of their skin. Dr. King worked for equality (平等) in ___10___ cities too. He knew that the only way people could win their rights was to remain peaceful, even in face of ___11___. Dr. King won the Nobel Prize in 1964 for his achievements and courage. However something terrible happened ___12___ April 4, 1968 in Memphis, Tennessee. Martin Luther King Jr. was shot. The man ___13___ fought for peace left his people unexpectedly. The whole nation felt ___14___ about it. But Dr. King’s dream can never die. Many Americans still are struggling ___15___ that dream come true. 1. A. When B. That C. Where D. Before 2. A. they B. them C. their D. themselves 3. A. as B. since C. because D. because of 4. A. so B. but C. and D. although 5. A. strong B. strongly C. stronger D. strongest 6. A. begin B. begins C. began D. begun 7. A. an B. a C. the D. / 8. A. fame B. famous C. more famous D. the most famous 9. A. judge B. judged C. be judged D. judging 10. A. other B. others C. another D. the other 11. A. dangerous B. danger C. dangerously D. endangered 12. A. in B. at C. on D. for 13. A. whom B. who C. which D. whose 14. A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sadder 15. A. make B. makes C. making D. to make 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【解析】本文讲述了马丁·路德·金的生平。 1. 句意：当他还是个男孩的时候，马丁了解到美国黑人往往受到与大多数美国同胞不同的待遇。 when当；that引导从句，无意义；where哪里；before在……之前。根据“ he was still a boy”可知是当他是个男孩的时候。故选A。 2. 句意：当他还是个男孩的时候，马丁了解到美国黑人往往受到与大多数美国同胞不同的待遇。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。空后是名词，此处用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 3. 句意：由于肤色的原因，许多人无法上好学校，找不到好工作，也无法住在漂亮的房子里。 as随着；since自从；because因为；because of因为。空后是名词，此处用because of连接。故选D。 4. 句意：他想帮助他的黑人兄弟姐妹，所以他上了大学，后来成为了一名部长。 so所以；but但是；and和；although虽然。前后是因果关系，此处表示结果，用so连接。故选A。 5. 句意：马丁坚信，人们应该像爱自己一样爱邻居，这指导了他一生的行动。 strong强的，形容词；strongly强烈地，副词；stronger更强；strongest最强的。此处修饰动词用副词。故选B。 6. 句意：这就是他的“和平斗争”最初开始的地方。 begin开始，动词原形；begins动词单三；began动词过去式；begun动词过去分词。根据“first...”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。 7. 句意：他也是一位出色的演说家。 an不定冠词，修饰以元音音素开头的单词；a不定冠词，修饰以辅音音素开头的单词；the定冠词；/零冠词。此处泛指“一位出色的演说家”，great以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。 8. 句意：他的演讲“我有一个梦想”被认为是美国历史上最著名的事件之一。 fame名声，名词；famous著名的，形容词；more famous更著名的；the most famous最著名的。此处是结构“one of the+最高级+名词复数”，意为“最……的……之一”。故选D。 9. 句意：他说，评判所有美国人应该根据他们的性格，而不是他们的肤色。 judge判断，动词原形；judged动词过去式；be judged被动语态；judging现在分词。主语all Americans和谓语judge之间是被动关系，故此处用含有情态动词的被动语态should be done。故选C。 10. 句意：金博士也为其他城市的平等工作。 other其他的；others其他人或物；another另一个；the other两者中的另一个。空后是名词复数，用other修饰。故选A。 11. 句意：他知道，人们赢得权利的唯一途径是保持和平，即使面对危险。 dangerous危险的，形容词；danger危险，名词；dangerously危险地，副词；endangered濒危的。in face of danger“面对危险”。故选B。 12. 句意：然而，1968年4月4日，田纳西州孟菲斯市发生了一件可怕的事情。 in在某年某月某季节；at在某时刻；on在具体某一天；for为了。空后是具体某一天，用介词on。故选C。 13. 句意：那个为和平而战的人出乎意料地离开了他的人民。 whom引导定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，关系词在从句中作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句，先行词是物，关系词在从句中作主语或宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词是人或物，关系词在从句中作定语。句子是定语从句，先行词是The man，关系词在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。 14. 句意：整个国家都为此感到悲伤。 sad伤心的，形容词；sadly伤心地，副词；sadness悲伤，名词；sadder更悲伤的。作felt的表语用形容词，且无比较之意，用形容词的原级。故选A。 15. 句意：许多美国人仍努力实现这一梦想。 make制作，动词原形；makes动词单三；making动名词；to make动词不定式。struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”。故选D。 完形填空 （2024·广东深圳33校·一模）Seven years ago, I was a 16-year-old girl doing a part-time job at an aquarium (水族馆). My passion for the 1 and my dream of becoming a biologist made every day at the aquarium exciting. I also got along well with the other workers. However, when “Shark Week” arrived, on the day of my duty, I suddenly fell 2 . My face appeared pale and I was about to 3 . My co-worker noticed and walked me to the office. Feeling really sick, I knew I had to take a 4 home. As I made my way to the bus stop, I passed a cupcake shop. Considering the hot weather, I decided to 5 myself to an ice cream. The woman at the checkout did the usual customer service “How’s your day?” Hearing this, I almost 6 in tears as I explained that I wasn’t well enough to work and that I would end up missing Shark Week. She looked at me in sympathy and 7 asked if I wanted some chocolate on my ice cream. I said sure. As I 8 for my purse, the woman immediately told me that it was on her. I was so 9 that I thanked her a million times before leaving. My memory isn’t the best, but her act of kindness did make my terrible day better. Small kindnesses really make a 10 . The experience of that day has always reminded me to be a source of positivity for those around me, especially during difficult times. 1．A．art B．city C．ocean D．mountain 2．A．ill B．short C．asleep D．silent 3．A．set out B．fall over C．take off D．grow up 4．A．car B．bus C．train D．bike 5．A．apply B．force C．treat D．bring 6．A．ran away B．made up C．held on D．broke down 7．A．sadly B．kindly C．angrily D．strangely 8．A．paid B．cared C．waited D．reached 9．A．surprised B．interested C．moving D．encouraging 10．A．deal B．choice C．comment D．difference 【答案】1-5 CABBC 6-10 DBDAD 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者因为生病错过“鲨鱼周”而失落，但因为陌生人的一次小善举该改变了自己糟糕的心情，并由此对自己今后的生活也产生了积极的影响的故事。 1．句意：我对海洋强烈的爱和梦想成为一名生物学家让我在水族馆的每一天都很兴奋。 art艺术；city城市；ocean海洋；mountain大山。根据“My passion for the...and my dream of becoming a biologist made every day at the aquarium exciting. ”可知，此处应是跟水族馆相关的地方的热爱。故选C。 2．句意：但是，当“鲨鱼周”来临时，我当值的那天，我突然生病了。 ill生病的；short矮的；asleep睡着的；silent寂静的。根据“My face appeared pale”可知，作者因生病而脸色苍白。故选A。 3．句意：我的脸色苍白，我快要跌倒了。 set out出发；fall over跌倒；take off起飞；grow up成长。根据“My co-worker noticed and walked me to the office.”可知，作者的同事注意到并把他扶到办公室，由此可推测作者因生病快要跌倒。故选B。 4．句意：感觉自己真的生病了，我知道我必须坐公交车回家。 car汽车；bus公交车；train火车；bike 自行车。根据“As I made my way to the bus stop“可知，作者应是乘坐公交车回家。故选B。 5．句意：考虑到天气炎热，我决定请自己吃一份冰激凌。 apply应用；force强迫；treat请，招待；bring 带来。根据“myself to an ice cream”可知，应是请自己吃冰激凌。故选C。 6．句意：听到这样说，我差点哭了因为我解释到我身体不舒服不能工作，可能要错过“鲨鱼周”。 ran away逃走；made up编造；held on 坚持；broke down崩溃。根据“in tears”可知，break down in tears“泣不成声”符合语境。故选D。 7．句意：她同情得看着我并仁慈地问我是否要在冰激凌上加一些巧克力。 sadly悲伤地；kindly友好地；angrily生气地；strangely奇怪地。根据“She looked at me in sympathy”可知，她很同情作者，故是仁慈地询问作者。故选B。 8．句意：当我去拿钱包时，这位女士立刻告诉我她来付钱。 paid支付；cared关心；waited等待；reached伸手去够。根据“... for my purse”可知，应是作者伸手去拿钱包，“reach for 伸手去够”符合语境。故选D。 9．句意：我如此的吃惊，以至于我在走之前感谢她很多次。 surprised吃惊的；interested感兴趣的；moving令人感动的；encouraging令人鼓舞的。根据“the woman immediately told me that it was on her. ”可知，应该是作者对这位女士帮他付钱买冰激凌这件事很惊讶，并多次感谢她。故选A。 10．句意：小的善意真的会有影响。 deal交易；choice选择；comment评论；difference差异。根据“The experience of that day has always reminded me to be a source of positivity for those around me, especially during difficult times.”可知，这次事情对作者产生了积极的影响，“make a difference产生影响”符合语境。故选D。 （2024·广东广州番禺区·一模）Jason had the best apples in town, but kids knew they mustn’t go into his yard to pick delicious apples. They always said that Jason was ____1____. One Friday, Jane was walking by Jason’s house with her friend Amy. Like most of the children, Jane was scared of the old man because of the ____2____ about him that she heard. Jane thought that Jason would hurt them. To stay away from trouble, Jane ____3____ that they could cross over to the other side of the street. Amy told Jane not to worry. Still, Jane was growing more ____4____ when she was closer to Jason’s house. When Jason saw Amy, he ____5____ and said, “Hello, Amy. You’ve got a friend with you today.” Amy smiled back and told him they were going to listen to music and play games. Jason told them that sounded fun, and gave each of them a fresh ____6____. As they walked on, Jane asked Amy, “Everyone says Jason is the ____7____ man in town. Why was he so nice to us just now?” Amy explained that when she first started walking past his house, Jason wasn’t very ____8____, but she smiled at him. One day, he smiled back at her. After some more time, he started smiling ____9____ and then talking to her kindly. We’re always working hard to achieve so much, and it‘s easy to forget that we can make ourselves and others happy easily. Actually, ____10____ is important. A simple smile can make you happy and relaxed. And giving a smile takes so little effort. Let’s smile at others. 1. A. hard-working B. careless C. terrible D. helpful 2. A. works B. articles C. stories D. songs 3. A. agreed B. refused C. accepted D. suggested 4. A. excited B. cheerful C. bored D. nervous 5. A. shouted B. smiled C. cried D. left 6. A. apple B. gift C. flower D. hug 7. A. strictest B. luckiest C. gentlest D. happiest 8. A. angry B. friendly C. afraid D. frightened 9. A. calmly B. coldly C. warmly D. humorously 10. A. smiling B. resting C. forgetting D. paying 【答案】1-5 CCDDB 6-10 AABCA 【解析】本文通过Jason和Amy的故事告诉人们，微笑可以改善人与人之间的关系。 1. 句意：他们总是说杰森很可怕。 hard-working勤劳的；careless不关心的；terrible可拍的；helpful有帮助的。根据上一句“but kids knew they mustn’t go into his yard to pick delicious apples.”可知，孩子们都不敢去他的小院子里面摘苹果，推测他们认为杰森很可怕。故选C。 2. 句意：像大多数孩子一样，简很害怕老人，因为她听到了关于他的故事。 works作品；articles文章；stories故事；songs歌曲。根据“Jane was scared of the old man because of the...about him that she heard”可知，简听说了很多关于杰森的故事。故选C。 3. 句意：为了避免麻烦，简建议她们从街的另一边穿过去。 agreed同意；refused拒绝；accepted接受；suggested建议。根据“To stay away from trouble”可知，为了远离麻烦，简建议走路的另一边。故选D。 4. 句意：当简越来越靠近杰森的家时，她变得越来越紧张。 excited激动的；cheerful欢呼的；bored无聊的；nervous紧张的。根据“Jane was growing more...when she was closer to Jason’s house.”以及前文可知，简听说了很多关于杰森的令人害怕的故事，推测她越靠近杰森的家时，越紧张。故选D。 5. 句意：当杰森看到艾米时，他微笑着说：“你好，艾米。” shouted大喊；smiled微笑；cried哭；left离开。根据下文“Amy smiled back”可知，杰森看到Amy时，笑着和她说话。故选B。 6. 句意：杰森告诉她们这听起来很有趣，并给了她们每个人一个新鲜的苹果。 apple苹果；gift礼物；flower花；hug拥抱。根据第一段第一句“Jason had the best apples in town”可知，杰森有着这个小镇上最好的苹果，推测他给了她们两人每人一个苹果。故选A。 7. 句意：当她们继续往前走时，简问艾米：“每个人都说杰森是镇上最严厉的人。” strictest最严厉的；luckiest最幸运的；gentlest最温和的；happiest最快乐的。根据“Why was he so nice to us just now”及语境可知，前后两句是转折关系，推测每个人都认为杰森是一个非常严厉的人。故选A。 8. 句意：艾米解释说，当她第一次经过他的房子时，杰森不太友好，但她对他微笑。 angry生气的；friendly友好的；afraid害怕的；frightened惊恐的。根据“but she smiled at him.”推测，杰森没有对Amy微笑，但是Amy对杰森笑了，说明一开始杰森对Amy并不是很友好。故选B。 9. 句意：又过了一段时间，他开始热情地微笑，然后和蔼地和她说话。 calmly平静地；coldly冷冷地；warmly热情地；humorously幽默地。根据“After some more time, he started smiling...and then talking to her kindly.”推测，在Amy对杰森微笑很多次后，杰森也开始对Amy热情地微笑了。故选C。 10. 句意：事实上，微笑很重要。 smiling微笑；resting休息；forgetting遗忘；paying支付。根据“ A simple smile can make you happy and relaxed.”以及文章内容可知，一直在强调微笑的作用。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$