Unit 9 Learning 拓展提升 -2024-2025学年高中英语阅读必修第三册（北师大版）

参考答案 2.C推理判断题。根据第三段“The difference is complex,and it doesn't involve defective hearing.Amusics can understand other nonmusical sounds well." (两者的区别很复杂，并不涉及听力缺陷。音肓可以很好地理解其他非音乐的声 音。)可推知，“听力有缺陷”的人可能是指一个听力有障碍的人。故选C。 3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I just wish I had learned to say that when I was seventeen and not seventy.”(“我真希望我是在十七岁而不是七十岁 的时候学会这么说的。”)可知，Margaret表达了她的愿望，希望自己在音乐方面 的问题能早点得到诊断。故选A。 4.B主旨大意题。文章的第一段告诉读者大约有4%的人音乐对于他们 没有任何乐趣可言，他们没有辨别与再现音调的能力：第二段讲述歌曲对于没有 乐感的人来说听起来像噪音，以及由此给他们的生活带来的不便；第三段分析了 原因，是因为他们的大脑与能欣赏音乐的人的大脑不同，但这又不同于有听力障 碍的人；最后一段以Margaret为例，说明他们的这种状况最终得以诊断。可知这 篇文章主要讲的是有些人不能欣赏音乐。故选B。 拓展提升 A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关我们大脑的一项研究成果：大 脑衰退不可避免，但是尝试新事物是有益于大脑健康的。 1.B推理判断题。文章由一句谚语“如果你不使用它，你就会失去它”开 始，引出了对训练大脑敏锐，保持大脑健康的话题，然后介绍了一些相关的保持 大脑健康的科普知识，所以这篇文章定位一般的受众，又和健康有关，选项B切 题，故选B。 2.D细节理解题。根据第四段的“It recommends seeking out new activities.. are socially engaging,while leading to a healthy lifestyle.Among their suggestions are practising tai chi,taking photography classes,learning new technologies, gardening,art projects or volunteering.”可知，对大脑有益的socially engaging活动 包括练太极、上摄影课、学习新技术、园艺、艺术项目或志愿服务。这些活动都是 多人参与的社会活动。故socially engaging与going out with friends意思最接近。 故选D。 117 高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） 3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段的“There's more good news,too.James Goodwin,chief scientist at Age UK has said that brain decline is not inevitable )As long as the activities are new to you and require your concentrated attention',they can provide benefits for brain health.”可知，想保持大脑健康就要 尝试新的活动，选项A切题，故选A。 4.C主旨大意题。文章最后一段给出了保持大脑健康的方法。再由第二 段“Well,what about the brain?”以及文章的前几段所介绍的内容可知，文章是想 向读者介绍如何保持大脑健康，如何保持大脑敏锐，选项C切题，故选C。 B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了名叫August的十岁男孩，由于天生面部 畸形，直到五年级时才去学校上学，在交友时遇到各种困难，但是最后靠他的友 善和勇气创造了奇迹。 l.B细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“August or‘Auggie'Pullman,aten-year- old boy living in New York City,was born with a facial deformity()that has made it difficult for him to make friends..”(August是一个住在纽约的十岁男孩，天生面部畸 形，这使得他交友困难。)可知，他的不正常的外貌让他和其他人不同。故选B。 2.A细节理解题。根据第二段“.that he world kile himself if he looked Like August.He also says he is only nice to August because Mr.Tushman asked him to be. Jack is completely unaware that August himself is sitting nearby.August gets hurt deeply and stops talking to Jack.When Jack finds the truth,he feels guilty about being mean.”(…如果他长成August那个样子，他会杀了自己。Jack还说他对 August友好，那是Mr.Tushman让他那样做的。Jack完全没有意识到August就 在旁边坐着。August深受伤害，不再和Jack说话。当Jack发现真相时，他为自 己的刻薄感到内疚。)可知，Jak因为自己说了一些刻薄的话而感到内疚。故 选A。 3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段“In the end,August wins the Henry Ward Beecher medal,a special award for courage and kindness..”可知，最后，August因他 的勇气和友善获得了一项特殊奖项。故选D。 4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“The novel ends with his mother -118 参考答案 whispering in his ear,calling him a‘wonder'.”(这部小说结束时，他的妈妈在他 的耳边低声告诉他，他是一个“奇迹”。)可推知，本文是书评。故选C。 C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。首段以生活中一个不易被人所理解的现象为 切入点，引出主题：好奇心。并通过实验发现，好奇心是人与生俱来的本能，有利 有弊。但病态的好奇心我们应当抵制。 I.D推理判断题。根据文章首段“The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will seek to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will hurt.”(这项新的研究表明，探究真相的需求如此强烈，人们会努 力满足他们的好奇心，即便很明显会因此受到伤害。)可知，人们阅读网络上的负 面评论是为了满足好奇心。故选D。 2.C推理判断题。根据第二段“When left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and brought more shocks than the students who knew what would happen.”(一个人在房间里待着时， 那些并不知道哪根钢笔会发出电击的人，与那些知道具体哪根钢笔会发出电击 的人相比，会点击更多次钢笔并受到更多电击。)可知，研究人员将实验对象分成 两组，一组明确知道哪根钢笔会发出电击，另一组并不知道具体哪根钢笔会发出 电击，从而对比观察他们接下来的行为方式的不同。故选C。 3.C词义猜测题。根据第三段“Curiosity is often considered a good instinct (本能)一it can lead to new scientific advances”(好奇心通常被认为是一种优秀的 本能，它会促成新的科学进步)”及画线词所在的句子中的转折连词“but”和后 "The insight that curiosity can drive you to do self-destructive things is a profound oe”(这种洞察力可能会驱使你自我毁灭，非常可怕)可知，好奇心会推进科学 进步，但同时也会带来毁灭性的后果。画线词与“导致适得其反的后果”之意相 近。故选C。 4.A推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“These results suggest that imagining the outcome of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine whether it is worth the risk.”(这些研究表明，提前想象一下遵从自己的好奇心的 后果，可能会帮助我们确定是否值得冒险。)”可知，提前预测好奇心可能带来的 -.119 高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） 后果，是抵制病态好奇心的方式。故选A。 D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了四个简 单的保持积极的方法。 1.E空前句意：当这些负面的时刻控制你的生活时，你的情感平衡会处在 危险中。空后句意：但是，不要让这种难过再次出现。这里E(花几分钟感到难 过并接受已经发生的事)承上启下，故选E。 2.A该空是本文给出的保持乐观的第二个方法。根据下文介绍的内容： 你直接放入身体的东西会影响你对外部的感觉。吃水果蔬菜这样好的健康的食 物，并且限制零食。锻炼同等重要。故本段讲述的是健康饮食，故选A(健康饮 食，保持健康)。 3.G空前句意：每个星期花几天，每天至少半个小时运动，试着坚持。这 里G(甚至户外散步以及享受阳光都会改善你的情绪)承接上文内容。故选G。 4.F本段的建议是：对他人友好。空后句意：让他人的生活更加明亮不仅 能让他人面带微笑，你也是一样。这里F(好的情感来源于善良无私的行为)符 合上下文，故选F。 5.C空前句意：乐观不是一瞬间的事情。它是我们每时每刻的持续努力。 空后句意：相反地，应该活在当下，做你能做的事情，让每一刻都更美好。这里C (不要担心将来会怎样)承上启下，故选C。 E 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些创造和抓住好机会的 习惯。 L.D上文“We all know someone who seems always coming across great new jobs,coming up with new business ideas or meeting the right people.Some people might owe it all to luck.”(我们都认识一些人，他们似乎总是能找到好的新工作， 想出新的商业点子，或者遇到合适的人。有些人可能把这一切都归功于运气。) 可知，有些人认为别人总是能找到好的新工作，想出新的商业点子，或者遇到合 适的人是因为运气好。下文“If you were to observe these people closely,you'd find they've developed habits that help make opportunities appear more frequently."( 120- 参考答案 你仔细观察这些人，你会发现他们养成的习惯有助于机会更频繁地出现。)可知， 成功的人养成的习惯都有助于创造好机会，可得出除了运气之外，还有其他的因 素帮助他们成功，D项“但也许还有别的事情发生”符合文意，承上启下。故 选D。 2.E"How often have people discovered opportunity simply because they took up a challenge?”(有多少次人们仅仅因为接受了挑战就发现了机会？)指出 很多人接受了挑战，发现了机会。下文“Ideas and inventions have come from thm.”(创意和发明都来自于它们。)说明创意和发明都是从挑战中产生的。E 项“事业是在挑战中创立的”符合文意，说明接受挑战可能促成事业的创立，承 上启下。故选E 3.F"When you have enough confidence in yourself,you're showing the world that what you're doing is right and then others would pay attention.”（当你对 自己有足够的信心时，你就是在向世界展示你所做的是对的，这样别人就会注意 到你。)说明要相信你自己，对自己有足够的信心。F项“从那以后，好机会就会 开始出现”说明相信自己，就会引起别人的注意，从而带来好机会，承接上文，符 合文意。故选F。 4.AF"You have your unique skills that set you apart from everyone else. So you bring out your best work and people will take notice..”(你有你独特的技能， 使你与众不同。所以你拿出你最好的作品，人们会注意到的。)说明，只要努力做 自己能做到的事情，就会让人们注意到。设空处为本段小标题，A项“做你能做 的”概括了本段主旨，引出下文，符合文意。故选A。 5.G通过上文“Those who take time to look at the world tend to see things others don't..（那些花时间看世界的人往往会看到别人看不到的东西。)”以及 “Look at what the world around you needs..(看看你周围的世界需要什么。)可知，那 些花时间看世界，注意到周围所发生的事情的人往往能发现别人忽略的东西，先发 现机会。G项“最终你会看到别人忽略的东西”承接上文，符合文意。故选G。 高考链接 A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公共图书馆改善后的一些服 121高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 )1.Which of the following is true of amusic? A.Listening to music is far from enjoyable for them. B.They love places where they are likely to hear music. C.They can easily tell two different songs apart. D.Their situation is well understood by musicians. ( )2.According to Paragraph 3,a person with "defective hearing"is probably one who A.dislikes listening to speeches B.can hear anything nonmusical C.has a hearing problem D.lacks a complex hearing system ()3.In the last paragraph,Margaret expressed her wish that A.her problem with music had been diagnosed earlier B.she were seventeen years old rather than seventy C.her problem could be easily explained D.she were able to meet other amusics ()4.What is the passage mainly concerned with? A.Amusics'strange behaviours. B.Some people's inability to enjoy music. C.Musical talent and brain structure. D.Identification and treatment of amusics. 拓展提升 A 【2021一2022学年许昌高中高二年级开学检测】 If you don't use it,you lose it.At least,that's how the old saying goes.It refers —76— Unit 9 Learning to the idea that something which does not get used regularly quickly falls into a state of decline.Muscles,for example,will waste away without use.In order to resist this,people take regular exercise to keep their skills sharp. Well,what about the brain?As we age,our brains can naturally begin to decline.In some cases,this can lead to certain mental conditions such as dementia ()which I'm sure you will agree,no one wants.However,all is not lost because these days it's relatively easy to train your brain.Smart phones and apps have put programs into our hands that can test,maintain and even improve our memories,mathematical skills and a lot of other mental abilities.With a little practice every day,we can keep our brains nice and sharp,right? Well,no,actually.According to a report from the Global Council on Brain Health,even though many people thought it was important to play online games,such as puzzles and mind games,which are designed to improve brain health,the evidence of the benefits was“weak to non-existent”. There are other ways to promote the old gray matter(脑灰质).It recommends seeking out new activities that challenge the way you think and are socially engaging, while leading to a healthy lifestyle.Among their suggestions are practising tai chi, taking photography classes,learning new technologies,gardening,art projects or volunteering. There's more good news,too.James Goodwin,chief scientist at Age UK has said that brain decline is not inevitable(不可免的).As long as the activities are "new to you and require your concentrated attention",they can provide benefits for brain health.So,hurry up,get out there and try something new.Maybe it's time to try that hobby you've always wanted to do.And as for me?I'm off to learn the piano. 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 )1.From which is the text probably taken? A.A biology textbook. B.A healthy magazine. C.A travel brochure. —77 高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） D.A research paper. )2.Which has the closest meaning of the underlined words "socially engaging" in Paragraph 4? A.Making more shopping. B.Avoiding brain decline. C.Doing exercises alone. D.Going out with friends. ( )3.Which of the following can better keep your brain healthy according to the author? A.Trying something new. B.Using smart phone regularly. C.Playing games online. D.Doing what you are good at. ()4.What does the passage mainly tell us? A.Advantages of trying something new. B.Disadvantages of using smart phones. C.Ways to keep our brain as sharp as possible. D.How to spend time meaningfully at an old age. B 【2021一2022学年黑龙江省鹤岗市第一中学高二上学期】 August or "Auggie"Pullman,a ten-year-old boy living in New York City,was born with a facial deformity (that has made it difficult for him to make friends.He has been homeschooled up until fifth grade,but his parents have decided that it is time for him to go to real school.They send him to Beecher Prep, neighborhood private school,and take him to meet the headmaster,Mr.Tushman. While August is there,some of the kids take him on a tour of the school;one of them,Jack Will,is nice,but another,Julian,is noticeably rude.Jack is nice to him,and August believes he has found a friend. August's classmates slowly get used to the way his face looks.He is friendly to —78— Unit 9 Learning others and performs well in class.August becomes friends with Jack,and with a girl named Summer who sits with him at lunch on the first day.However,things get worse on Halloween,August's favorite day of the year,when August overhears Jack say to Julian and some other boys that he would kill himself if he looked like August.He also says he is only nice to August because Mr.Tushman asked him to be.Jack is completely unaware that August himself is sitting nearby.August gets hurt deeply and stops talking to Jack.When Jack finds the truth,he feels guilty about being mean.He really does want to be friends with August.One day,Jack hits Julian for saying mean things about August.After that,Jack and August become friends and start eating lunch together with Summer. At wilderness camp,August is attacked by a group of seventh graders in order to protect Jack.Public opinion swings in favor of August.In the end,August wins the Henry Ward Beecher medal,a special award for courage and kindness.August is amazed that he survived fifth grade.His friends and family make him feel like a regular kid.The novel ends with his mother whispering in his ear,calling him a “wonder”" 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 )1.What makes August different from other children? A.His unusual parents. B.His abnormal appearance. C.His bad temper. D.His unfriendly classmates. ()2.Why does Jack feel guilty when August stops talking to him? A.He says something mean about August. B.He follows Mr Tushman's requirement. C.He hits August without reason. D.Julian doesn't like August at all. )3.What's the ending of the story? A.August is really a failure at school. 79— 高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） B.August is not surprised that he survived fifth grade. C.August drops out of school in the end. D.August wins a medal for his courage and kindness. )4.What type of writing is the text? A.A film review. B.A new report. C.A book review. D.An advertisement. C 【浙江省台州市2020一2021学年下学期高二期末】 Why do people seek out information about an ex's new relationships,read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans are born with the need to resolve uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will seek to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will hurt. In a series of four experiments,the students were tested on their willingness to expose themselves to disgusting stimuli(in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one trial,each participant was shown a pile of pens,half of which would deliver an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were informed of the exact pens; another 27 were told only that some were electrified.When left alone in the room,the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and brought more shocks than the students who knew what would happen.The following experiments copied this effect with other stimuli,such as the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects. The drive to discover is deeply-rooted in humans,just like the basic drive for food,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago,a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct ()-it can lead to new scientific advances,for instance-but sometimes such inquiry can backfire."The insight that —80— Unit 9 Learning curiosity can drive you to do self-destructive things is a profound one,"says George Loewenstein,a professor of economics and phychology at Carnegie Mellon University who has pioneered the scientific study of curiosity. Morbid curiosity is possible to resist however.In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to predict how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to choose to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the outcome of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine whether it is worth the risk."Thinking about long term consequences is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,Hsee says.In other words,don't red online comments. 根据短文内容，选出最佳选项。 )1.Why do people read negative internet comments according to the passage? A.To broaden the horizon. B.To ease their pain. C.To preserve their reputation. D.To satisfy their curiosity. ()2.What writing technique is used in Paragraph 2? A.Giving examples. B.Describing facts. C.Making comparisons. D.Explaining causes. ( )3.What does the underlined word "backfire"in Paragraph 3 mean? A.Add fuel to the fire. B.Cause a sudden explosion. C.Produce an opposite effect. D.Provide approval and support. ( )4.How can morbid curiosity be resisted? A.By predicting potential outcomes. B.By participating in more experiments. C.By reading negative online comments. D.By considering the positive consequences. —81— 高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） D 【2018一2019学年广东省佛山市第一中学高二上学期】 Four Simple Ways to Stay Positive Trying to stay positive,both in good times and bad,is a great way to improve your quality of life.Try these four methods on a daily basis. Don't think a lot about negativity. Of course,staying positive 24 hours a day,seven days a week is a bit difficult. Letting things get to you is normal,and it's actually healthy to cry or express frustrations once in a while. It's when those negative moments control your life that your emotional balance is at risk.I However,don't give that sadness another second in your day. 2 What you put into your body directly affects how you feel on the outside.Fill yourself with good,healthy foods like fruit and vegetables and limit snacking. Exercise is equally of great importance.Take a few days out of your week for at least half an hour of activity,and try to stick to a routine.3 Be kind to others. 4 Making someone's day a bit brighter not only puts a smile on his or her face,but also yours as well.Remember to smile and treat each person with pity and respect.Good deeds are contagious(传染的)，and your positive attitude may spread among others. Take it one day at a time. Being positive isn't an instant thing.It's a steady effort that we follow every hour of every day.5 Instead,focus on living in the moment and doing what you can to make each moment better. 根据短文内容，从下面选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。 A.Eat healthily and stay fit. B.Take your lunch breaks outside. —82 Unit 9 Learning C.Don't worry about what the future may bring. D.Gratitude helps you appreciate life in bad times. E.Take a few minutes to feel sad and accept what happened. F.Good feelings come from acts of kindness and selflessness. G.Even going outside for a walk and enjoying the sunshine improves your mood. 2. 3 4 5 E 【2020一2021学年河南省驻马店市高二下学期期末考试】 Habits that Make Great Opportunities Happen We all know someone who seems always coming across great new jobs,coming up with new business ideas or meeting the right people.Some people might owe it all to luck.1.If you were to observe these people closely,you'd find they've developed habits that help make opportunities appear more frequently.If you want better opportunities,you need to watch these habits: ●Look for challenges How often have people discovered opportunity simply because they took up a challenge?2.Ideas and inventions have come from them.Because after you've overcome all the obstacles and barriers that go into the challenge,you'll get the reward that lies on the other side. ●Be sure of yourself Believe in your actions and everything that you do.When you have enough confidence in yourself,you're showing the world that what you're doing is right and then others would pay attention.3. ●4 You have your unique skills that set you apart from everyone else.So you bring out your best work and people will take notice.Instead of having to search out opportunities,they'll start coming to you. Pay attention to what's going on around you Those who take time to look at the world tend to see things others don't.They —83— 高中英语阅读（北师大版必修第三册） notice what's happening,which makes them the first people to spot opportunity.Look at what the world around you needs.5 根据短文内容，从下面选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项。选项中 有两项为多余选项。 A.Work on what you can offer B.Curiosity is a valuable quality C.Make opportunities come to you D.But maybe something else is going on E.Businesses have been created out of challenges F.From there,good opportunities will start to appear G.Eventually you'll see things other people overlook 2. 3 5 高考链接 A 【2020年天津卷】 How to Use a Modern Public Library Has it been a while since your last visit to a public library?If so,you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for the better.It's been years since they were dusty little rooms with books.They have transformed themselves into places where you can develop your love of knowledge,meet interesting people,or find out how to start a business. Check out a book.While libraries still loan out (books,you'll find it easier to get a copy of whatever you're looking for,thanks to a cooperative network of area libraries.Via such networks,libraries share their books with each other through the use of delivery vehicles.Once the book you've requested is delivered to the nearest branch,they will inform you by e-mail,so you can pick it up. —84-