精品解析：广西梧州地区2024-2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题

2024-2025学年度高二年级下学期开学考 英语 (全卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟) 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将学校、班级、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。 2．考生请在答题卡上作答(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题上作答无效。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Four Self-Portraits (自画像) by Famous Artists Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)—“Self-Portrait”, 1506 One of the beautiful self-portraits by famous artist Raphael was drawn at the age of 23. It measures around 45cm×33cm and is located at the world-famous Uffizi Gallery. The Italian painter used oil on board to draw his self-portrait, which was the clearest and the most recognizable self-portraits of Raphael himself. Leonardo da Vinci—“Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”, 1512 “Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”is a self-portrait of da Vinci at the age of 60 and measures around 33.3cm×21.6cm, which is on display in Biblioteca Reale, Turin, Italy. It is drawn with red chalk on paper and represents the head of an elderly man in a three-quarter view. In the portrait, the length of the hair is uncommon in Renaissance (文艺复兴) portraits. Rembrandt van Rijn—“Self-Portrait with Beret and Turned-up Collar”, 1659 Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn painted his self-portrait in 1659 when he was 53 years old. It shows his worried expression that clearly portrays the troubled condition of his mind at that point of his life since the year 1659 was a year of anxiety for him. This self-portrait found its place among the Benjamin Altman Collection, which has been exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art since 1913. Edgar Degas—“Degas Au Porte-Fusain’”, l855 Edgar Degas made this self-portrait only when he was twenty-one years old. It was one of the most remarkable of his fifteen self-portraits. Degas was seated as seemingly without fear and anxiety. The pose in the painting was formal and academic. The painting is located in the musée d’Orsay, Paris, France. 1. Where should visitors go if they want to admire Raphael’s self-portrait in 1506? A. Uffizi Gallery. B. Biblioteca Reale. C. The musée d’Orsay. D. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2. Which aspect of Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk was special during the Renaissance? A. The red clothing. B. The formal pose. C. The long hair. D. The worried expression. 3. Which painter was the youngest when painting the above-mentioned self-portraits? A. Raphael. B. Edgar Degas. C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Rembrandt van Rijn. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了著名艺术家们的四幅自画像。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)部分“It measures around 45cm×33 m and is located at the world-famous Uffizi Gallery.( 它的尺寸约为45cm×33 m，位于世界著名的乌菲齐美术馆。)”可知，如果游客想欣赏拉斐尔1506年的自画像，可以去乌菲齐美术馆。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Leonardo da Vinci部分“In the portrait, the length of the hair is uncommon in Renaissance (文艺复兴) portraits.(在这幅画中，头发的长度在文艺复兴时期的肖像画中是罕见的。)”可知，文艺复兴时期的《红色粉笔人的肖像》的特别之处在于画像中人的长头发。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题，根据Edgar Degas部分“Edgar Degas made this self-portrait only when he was twenty-one years old.(埃德加·德加在21岁时才画了这幅自画像。)以及Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)部分中“One of the beautiful self-portraits by famous artist Raphael was drawn at the age of 23. (著名画家拉斐尔的一幅美丽的自画像是他23岁时画的。)”以及Leonardo da Vinci部分中““Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”is a self-portrait of da Vinci at the age of 60 (《画红粉笔的人》是达・芬奇60岁时的自画像)”以及Rembrandt van Rijn部分中“Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn painted his self-portrait in 1659 when he was 53 years old. (1659年，荷兰画家伦勃朗·凡·莱因在53岁时画了这幅自画像。)”可知，在画自己的肖像画时，埃德加·德加21岁时才画了这幅自画像，是四个画家中最年轻的。故选B。 B Technologically, the 20-year jump from 2015 to 2035 will be huge. Back in 1995 we were in the early days of the Internet, we worked in small rooms and our computers were heavy and powered by Windows 95. There were no touch screen phones or flat screen TVs; people laughed at the idea of reading electronic books. So, what will our world really be like in 2035? What will the future jobs and technology be like? The world in 2035 will probably be much like it is today, but smarter and more automatic. We can see the future of our work first. Taxi drivers will be replaced by self-driving Uber cars and receptionists will be replaced by robots. Doctors can use vast medical databases and travel agents will be wiped out by trip-planning, flight-booking web services. Even writers are threatened by companies such as Narrative Science, which currently uses AI to create sports reports and financial updates. Obviously, there will also be new jobs created: the computer engineer who fixes the self-driving Uber taxis, programmers, space tour guides and vertical (垂直的) farmers. Technology will continue to disrupt (扰乱) businesses and get rid of jobs, creating new professions we can’t yet envisage now. Those of us who work probably won’t do so in a traditional office either. We’re already seeing a shift in the definition of work. It’s now a task you perform, not a place you go to. Productivity is no longer measured by sitting at a desk. There’s no nine to five. No job for life. The biggest advantage of working from home is that you save a lot of time commuting back and forth to work. You can spend extra time with your children or spouse and read the newspaper instead of sitting in traffic. Of course, advanced technology will ensure that most of us can work from home. 4. What’s the function of the questions in paragraph 2? A. Leading in the topic of the article. B. Raising the thinking of the readers. C. Introducing the work of the future. D. Inspiring readers to explore the future. 5. What does the underlined word “envisage” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Assess. B. Ignore. C. Imagine. D. Reject. 6. Where will most people work in the future? A. In the office. B. At the hotel. C. In the open air. D. At home. 7. What will be discussed in the following paragraph? A. The future health. B. The future technology. C. The future marriage. D. The future transportation. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在未来的工作是什么样子。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“We can see the future of our work first.”(我们可以先看看我们工作的未来。)可知，文章接下来主要是讲在未来的工作是什么样子，所以第二段里的问题的功能是引导文章主题。故选A。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段最后一句中的“creating new professions”(创造新的职业)可知，此处是指未来会有我们现在无法想象的新的职业创造出来，所以envisage意为“想象”。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Those of us who work probably won’t do so in a traditional office either.”(我们这些工作的人可能也不会在传统的办公室里做这些。)和第三句“It’s now a task you perform, not a place you go to.”(它现在是你执行的任务，而不是你去的地方。)以及最后一段最后一句“Of course, advanced technology will ensure that most of us can work from home.”(当然，先进的技术将确保我们大多数人可以在家工作。)可知，未来大多数人会在家工作。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Of course, advanced technology will ensure that most of us can work from home.”(当然，先进的技术将确保我们大多数人可以在家工作。)可知，文章接下来要讨论的是未来的技术。故选B。 C If you’re a keen reader, you have probably heard of Chilean American author Isabel Allende and may have read one of her 20+ books of fiction and non-fiction. One of Latin America’s most famous living writers, Isabel Allende primarily writes in Spanish. But her work has been translated into English and adapted for the big screen, too, so it’s accessible to readers and viewers beyond her homeland. Isabel Allende was born in 1942 in Peru to Chilean parents. Her parents separated when she was very young, and she spent a few years of her childhood in Chile with her mother, two siblings and grandfather. When Allende was 11, her mother remarried and Allende spent the rest of her childhood in Bolivia and Lebanon. Before her first book was published, Allende worked as a journalist. She co-founded the first feminist magazine, Paula, in Chile, in 1967, worked in television, wrote and produced a play, and wrote children’s stories and magazines. In 1973, Allende and her family moved to Venezuela, where they lived for the next 13 years. In 1981, the foundations of her first novel, The House of the Spirits, were laid: after learning that her 99-year-old grandfather was dying, Allende wrote a letter to him. This eventually became The House of the Spirits, a magical-realist family long story. Allende had a long, productive and celebrated writing career. Over four decades she has published 24 books, which have been translated into more than 40 languages and sold more than 75 million copies, making her one of the best-selling authors in the world. She is a fairly rare author who has achieved widespread popularity among general readers and acclaim among literary critics. She herself and her books have been the subject of many academic literary studies, and she’s an essential part of the Latin American Spanish literary canon（经典）. 8. What language does Allende mostly write in? A. Latin. B. Spanish. C. English. D. French. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Allende’s early life. B. Allende’s homeland. C. Allende’s education. D. Allende’s marriage. 10. Who is directly related with Allende’s first novel? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her child. D. Her grandfather. 11. What does the underlined word “acclaim” in the last paragraph mean? A. Worry. B. Doubt. C. Praise. D. Comfort. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章介绍了智利美国作家伊莎贝尔·阿连德的生平事迹和文学创作，包括她的家庭背景、职业经历、第一部小说《幽灵之家》等。阿连德是拉美最著名的现当代作家之一，作品被翻译成超过40种语言，在全球销售超过7500万册。她的文学作品被广大读者和文学评论家喜爱，并成为拉美西班牙文学经典的重要组成部分。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One of Latin America’s most famous living writers, Isabel Allende primarily writes in Spanish. (拉丁美洲最著名的在世作家之一，伊莎贝尔·阿连德主要用西班牙语写作。)”可知，伊莎贝尔主要用西班牙语写作。故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Isabel Allende was born in 1942 in Peru to Chilean parents. Her parents separated when she was very young, and she spent a few years of her childhood in Chile with her mother, two siblings and grandfather. When Allende was 11, her mother remarried and Allende spent the rest of her childhood in Bolivia and Lebanon.(伊莎贝尔·阿连德1942年出生于秘鲁，父母是智利人。她的父母在她很小的时候就分居了，她小时候和母亲、两个兄弟姐妹和祖父在智利度过了几年。当阿连德11岁时，她的母亲再婚，阿连德在玻利维亚和黎巴嫩度过了她的童年。)”可知，本段主要讲述了阿连德的早期生活。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“In 1981, the foundations of her first novel, The House of the Spirits, were laid: after learning that her 99-year-old grandfather was dying, Allende wrote a letter to him. This eventually became The House of the Spirits, a magical-realist family long story.(1981年，阿连德的第一部小说《幽灵之家》奠定了基础：在得知她99岁的祖父病逝后，阿连德给他写了一封信。这最终成为了《幽灵之家》，一部魔幻现实主义的长篇家庭故事。)”可知，The House of the Spirits原本是阿连德写给她外祖父的一封信。故选D。 【11题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在的句子“ She is a fairly rare author who has achieved widespread popularity among general readers(她是一位在普通读者中广受欢迎的相当罕见的作家)”及下文“ she’s an essential part of the Latin American Spanish literary canon(她是拉丁美洲西班牙文学经典的重要组成部分)”可知，阿连德是一位在普通读者中广受欢迎的相当罕见的作家同时她的作品也是拉丁美洲西班牙文学经典的重要组成部分，由此推断她在文学评论家中是获得赞扬的。故划线词与C选项“Praise(赞扬)”为同义词。故选C。 D Contrary to “popular opinion”, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. This aspect is similar to art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to increase creative freedom. “Science and art are two different ways to make something understandable. They both provide a perspective on reality,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.” “Scientists can learn a lot from artists,” says Weijers. “Association and creativity are central to art. Those aspects require more attention in science as the creative process is the key of science.” “As a scientist, you use different methods, but it is equally about how you visualize your understandings of reality and the connections between them. This is sometimes just as visual as art,” says Weijers. One example is a recent special project in which Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, professor of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular (分子的) sensor was used to visualize the different forces. They showed the results in colorful images, each representing a different force. What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science. Weijers says, “It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the process leading to discovery. As a scientist, you are doubted if you say something that is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science. What we scientists can achieve in the coming period is to provide more chances for people to focus on the process. Personally, I think that the connection with art can help to lead the focus on the process than the result.” 12. What does Dolf Weijers think of science process? A. It is always serious. B. It can’t be accidental. C. It doesn’t allow failures. D. It can be unexpected. 13. What does the underlined sentence “This is sometimes just as visual as art” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Visualizing is a must for science. B. Science can be visualized like art. C. Science should be understood by visualizing. D. Visualizing is as easy in science as in art. 14. Why do common people mistrust science in Dolf Weijers’ opinion? A. Scientists usually draw unreliable conclusions. B. Scientists don’t use visualizing to show the results. C. The scientific process is unknown to them. D. The scientific results are complex for the public. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Differences Between Science and Art B. Similarities Between Science and Art C. Scientists and Artists Contribute to the World D. Science and Art Are Tools to Understand the World 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了艺术创作和科学研究之间的关系。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第二段的“But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.(但科学过程也可能以一种不可预测的方式展开)”可知，Dolf Weijers认为科学过程是不可预料的。故选D。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线句前“‘As a scientist, you use different methods, but it is equally about how you visualize your understandings of reality and the connections between them.’(作为一名科学家，你使用不同的方法，但同样重要的是你如何将你对现实的理解以及它们之间的联系可视化)”可知，不管使用什么方法，重要的是要将科学家对现实的理解以及它们之间的联系可视化。由此猜测，画线句句意为“科学能够像艺术一样视觉化”。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the process leading to discovery.(它往往会造成错误的印象，因为只有科学研究的结果被呈现出来，而人们对导致发现的过程没有任何见解)”可知，Dolf Weijers认为普通大众不了解科学过程，所以他们通常不信任科学研究。故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。 通读全文，并结合第一段的“To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. This aspect is similar to art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to increase creative freedom.(为了做出新的发现，研究人员需要有创造性、失败和偶然学习的自由。这方面与艺术相似。这就是为什么瓦赫宁根的科学家们向艺术家寻求灵感，并就如何增加创作自由交换想法)”可知，本文主要论述了科学研究与艺术创作之间的相似之处。因此B项“科学和艺术的相似之处”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Traveling with friends or family is always a fun bonding experience, and one of the best ways to do that is by taking a charter (租赁) bus. ___16___ . Security and safety ___17___ . When hiring a bus, it is much harder for someone to steal it because there are not enough cars or people they can distract during an escape attempt. Additionally, some companies provide their security personnel on board their buses which adds an extra measure of safety for all passengers and the company itself. ___18___ When chartering a bus, you have more flexibility than renting cars or traveling by train. You’ll also have the convenience of being able to specify precisely how much space and comfort everyone in your group needs during the trip, which is essential if there are mobility issues among some members of your party. Comfort If you’re traveling with more than one or two people, there may be more comfortable ways to travel than staying in a car. ___19___ , especially if you’re traveling long distances. The seating will be comfortable, and there will probably be many electrical outlets where you can plug your devices in. Convenience There are many advantages of booking a charter bus over a rental car when traveling with a group, but the biggest one is convenience. If you book a charter bus, the bus company will pick you up at your start location, drive you to your end location, and even wait for you at any place where you want to stop. ___20___ . A. Flexibility B. Room for personal belongings C. In short, the bus is your vehicle, and you can use it as you please D. The first reason is security when you travel with more than one person E. You just have to worry about having fun safely with other fellow travelers F. A chartered bus will give everyone in your group some much-needed comfort G. Here are the reasons why you should book a charter bus when traveling with a group 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述朋友和家人一起租赁巴士去旅行的原因。 【16题详解】 根据空前“Traveling with friends or family is always a fun bonding experience, and one of the best ways to do that is by taking a charter (租赁) bus. (与朋友或家人一起旅行总是一种有趣的联络感情的体验，最好的方法是租赁一辆公交车)”及下文内容“Security and safety(安全保障)”；“Comfort(舒适)”以及Convenience(方便)”可知，下文主要讲述租赁巴士的原因，所以空格处应填能承接上文并引出下文的句子；选项G. Here are the reasons why you should book a charter bus when traveling with a group (下面介绍一下你在跟团旅行时为什么应该选择租赁巴士)正好承接上文并引出下文，讲述租巴士的原因。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据本段的小标题“Security and safety (安全保障)”以及下文“When hiring a bus, it is much harder for someone to steal it because there are not enough cars or people they can distract during an escape attempt. (当租赁巴士时，对于别人来说，要偷东西要困难得多，因为在逃跑时没有足够的车辆或人员可以分散（乘车人员的）注意力)”可知，空格处应该讲述安全问题；选项D. The first reason is security when you travel with more than one person (第一个原因就是与多人旅行时的安全问题)引出安全问题。故选D。 【18题详解】 空格处为小标题，所以应能概括下文主要内容，根据下文“When chartering a bus, you have more flexibility than renting cars or traveling by train. (当租赁巴士时，比租赁汽车或者坐火车更灵活)”可知，本段主要讲述灵活性flexibility；选项A. Flexibility (灵活性)概括本段内容。故选A。 【19题详解】 根据本段小标题“Comfort(舒适)”以及空格后“especially if you’re traveling long distances (尤其当你长途旅行时)”可知空格处应描述租赁巴士能够让你更舒适；选项F. A chartered bus will give everyone in your group some much-needed comfort (一个租赁巴士会为团里每个人提供所需的舒适)句中“comfort”对应小标题且能衔接下文。故选F。 【20题详解】 根据本段小标题“Convenience(方便)”以及空格前“If you book a charter bus, the bus company will pick you up at your start location, drive you to your end location, and even wait for you at any place where you want to stop (如果你租赁了一辆公交车，公交公司会去你的出发地接你并把你送到目的地，甚至会在任何你想停下来的地方等你)”可知，空格处应衔接上文描述方便性；选项C. In short, the bus is your vehicle, and you can use it as you please (这个巴士就是你的车，你可以随意使用)总结租巴士的便捷。故选C。 第二部分 语言知识运用(共一节，满分15分) 第一节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea. Based on natural conditions and local customs,___21___Chinese tea producers have developed are six categories of tea. There are other varieties like flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea___22___(product). The traditional tea making techniques are ___23___(main) concentrated in the four tea regions in China. Associated social practices (习俗), however, are spread throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups. Tea is ubiquitous (无处不在的) in Chinese people’s daily life, as steeped or___24___(boil) tea is served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, to name a few. It is also ___25___important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices. China’s traditional tea-making___26___(add) on 29th, November to the intangible cultural heritage list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list,___27___(continue) to be the most enlisted country in the world. The item “Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China” ___28___(pass) the examination at the17th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage ongoing in the Moroccan capital. The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist ___29___knowledge, skills, and practices concerning the management of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking,____30____sharing of tea. 【答案】21. what 22. products 23. mainly 24. boiled 25. an 26. was added 27. continuing 28. passed 29. of 30. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统制茶技艺被列入了联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。 【21题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：根据自然条件和当地习俗，中国茶农发展出了六大茶类。分析可知，设空处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：还有花茶等其他品种，以及2000多种茶产品。设空处前面有more than 2,000，应用可数名词 product的复数形式。故填 products。 【23题详解】 考查副词。句意：传统的制茶技术主要集中在中国的四大茶区。设空处前、后为动词短语 are concentrated in，设空处应用副词mainly作状语，修饰该动词短语。故填mainly。 【24题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：茶在中国人的日常生活中无处不在，家庭、工作场所、茶馆、餐馆和寺庙都供应泡茶或煮茶。设空处前面有 steeped or，分析可知 or连接两个动词的过去分词作定语修饰后面的名词 tea。故填 boiled。 【25题详解】 考查冠词。句意：茶是社交领域以及婚礼、祭祀等仪式的重要组成部分。本句中使用不定冠词泛指一个重要的组成部分，又因为important 是以元音音素发音开头，用不定冠词an。故填 an。 【26题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：11月 29日，中国传统制茶技艺被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语China’s traditional tea-making之间为被动关系；事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故设空处应为一般过去时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填was added。 【27题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：至此，我国共有43个项目列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录，依然居世界第一。本句已经有一个谓语动词has，且无连词，动词 continue需要用非谓语的形式。continue和句子的逻辑主语China为逻辑上的主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填 continuing。 【28题详解】 考查动词的时态。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及其相关习俗”项目在摩洛哥首都召开的联合国教科文组织保护非物质文化遗产政府间委员会第17届常委会上通过了评审。根据语境和前一段的时态可知，事情发生在过去，此处应用一般过去时。故填 passed。 【29题详解】 考查介词。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及相关习俗”包括茶园管理、茶叶采摘、茶的手工制作，以及茶的饮用和分享的知识、技艺和实践。固定短语：consist of 由……构成。故填 of。 【30题详解】 考查连词。句意：“中国传统制茶技艺及相关习俗”包括相关的知识、技艺和实践，涉及茶园管理、茶叶采摘、茶的手工制作、以及茶的饮用和分享。设空处无提示词，且前后为并列关系，应用 and连接两个非谓语动词drinking和sharing。故填 and。 第三部分 书面表达(共一节，满分25分) 第一节(满分25分) 31. 上周你校邀请王教授来校开展了“急救知识”主题讲座活动，假如你是校英文报记者李华，请根据下列提示用英文写一篇新闻报道，向校报投稿。内容包括： 1.讲座的时间、地点和参加人员； 2.讲座的内容； 3.活动的反响。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 A Lecture on First Aid __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Lecture on First Aid Last week, Professor Wang was invited to our school to give a lecture on first aid. The lecture was held in the school auditorium and was attended by students from different grades and teachers. During the lecture, Professor Wang talked about the basic principles of first aid, such as checking the patient’s airway, breathing, and circulation. He also demonstrated how to perform CPR and how to apply bandages and splints. The audience was engaged and asked many questions, which Professor Wang answered patiently. Overall, the lecture was a successful event that provided valuable knowledge and skills to the participants. We hope that more lectures like this will be held in the future to promote awareness and education on first aid. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的新闻报道。要求考生写一篇新闻报道向校报投稿，报道学校上周邀请王教授来校开展 “急救知识”主题讲座活动这一事件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 发表演讲：give a lecture → deliver a lecture 执行：perform → carry out 耐心地：patiently → with patience 提高：promote → enhance 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Last week, Professor Wang was invited to our school to give a lecture on first aid. The lecture was held in the school auditorium and was attended by students from different grades and teachers. 拓展句：Last week, Professor Wang was invited to our school to give a lecture on first aid, which was held in the school auditorium and was attended by students from different grades and teachers. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The audience was engaged and asked many questions, which Professor Wang answered patiently. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Overall, the lecture was a successful event that provided valuable knowledge and skills to the participants. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年度高二年级下学期开学考 英语 (全卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟) 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将学校、班级、姓名、考号填写在答题卡上。 2．考生请在答题卡上作答(答题注意事项见答题卡)，在本试题上作答无效。 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题，每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A Four Self-Portraits (自画像) by Famous Artists Raphael (Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino)—“Self-Portrait”, 1506 One of the beautiful self-portraits by famous artist Raphael was drawn at the age of 23. It measures around 45cm×33cm and is located at the world-famous Uffizi Gallery. The Italian painter used oil on board to draw his self-portrait, which was the clearest and the most recognizable self-portraits of Raphael himself. Leonardo da Vinci—“Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”, 1512 “Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk”is a self-portrait of da Vinci at the age of 60 and measures around 33.3cm×21.6cm, which is on display in Biblioteca Reale, Turin, Italy. It is drawn with red chalk on paper and represents the head of an elderly man in a three-quarter view. In the portrait, the length of the hair is uncommon in Renaissance (文艺复兴) portraits. Rembrandt van Rijn—“Self-Portrait with Beret and Turned-up Collar”, 1659 Dutch painter Rembrandt van Rijn painted his self-portrait in 1659 when he was 53 years old. It shows his worried expression that clearly portrays the troubled condition of his mind at that point of his life since the year 1659 was a year of anxiety for him. This self-portrait found its place among the Benjamin Altman Collection, which has been exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art since 1913. Edgar Degas—“Degas Au Porte-Fusain’”, l855 Edgar Degas made this self-portrait only when he was twenty-one years old. It was one of the most remarkable of his fifteen self-portraits. Degas was seated as seemingly without fear and anxiety. The pose in the painting was formal and academic. The painting is located in the musée d’Orsay, Paris, France. 1. Where should visitors go if they want to admire Raphael’s self-portrait in 1506? A. Uffizi Gallery. B. Biblioteca Reale. C. The musée d’Orsay. D. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2. Which aspect of Portrait of a Man in Red Chalk was special during the Renaissance? A. The red clothing. B. The formal pose. C. The long hair. D. The worried expression. 3. Which painter was the youngest when painting the above-mentioned self-portraits? A. Raphael. B. Edgar Degas. C. Leonardo da Vinci. D. Rembrandt van Rijn. B Technologically, the 20-year jump from 2015 to 2035 will be huge. Back in 1995 we were in the early days of the Internet, we worked in small rooms and our computers were heavy and powered by Windows 95. There were no touch screen phones or flat screen TVs; people laughed at the idea of reading electronic books. So, what will our world really be like in 2035? What will the future jobs and technology be like? The world in 2035 will probably be much like it is today, but smarter and more automatic. We can see the future of our work first. Taxi drivers will be replaced by self-driving Uber cars and receptionists will be replaced by robots. Doctors can use vast medical databases and travel agents will be wiped out by trip-planning, flight-booking web services. Even writers are threatened by companies such as Narrative Science, which currently uses AI to create sports reports and financial updates. Obviously, there will also be new jobs created: the computer engineer who fixes the self-driving Uber taxis, programmers, space tour guides and vertical (垂直的) farmers. Technology will continue to disrupt (扰乱) businesses and get rid of jobs, creating new professions we can’t yet envisage now. Those of us who work probably won’t do so in a traditional office either. We’re already seeing a shift in the definition of work. It’s now a task you perform, not a place you go to. Productivity is no longer measured by sitting at a desk. There’s no nine to five. No job for life. The biggest advantage of working from home is that you save a lot of time commuting back and forth to work. You can spend extra time with your children or spouse and read the newspaper instead of sitting in traffic. Of course, advanced technology will ensure that most of us can work from home. 4. What’s the function of the questions in paragraph 2? A. Leading in the topic of the article. B. Raising the thinking of the readers. C. Introducing the work of the future. D. Inspiring readers to explore the future. 5. What does the underlined word “envisage” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Assess. B. Ignore. C. Imagine. D. Reject. 6. Where will most people work in the future? A. In the office. B. At the hotel. C. In the open air. D. At home. 7. What will be discussed in the following paragraph? A. The future health. B. The future technology. C. The future marriage. D. The future transportation. C If you’re a keen reader, you have probably heard of Chilean American author Isabel Allende and may have read one of her 20+ books of fiction and non-fiction. One of Latin America’s most famous living writers, Isabel Allende primarily writes in Spanish. But her work has been translated into English and adapted for the big screen, too, so it’s accessible to readers and viewers beyond her homeland. Isabel Allende was born in 1942 in Peru to Chilean parents. Her parents separated when she was very young, and she spent a few years of her childhood in Chile with her mother, two siblings and grandfather. When Allende was 11, her mother remarried and Allende spent the rest of her childhood in Bolivia and Lebanon. Before her first book was published, Allende worked as a journalist. She co-founded the first feminist magazine, Paula, in Chile, in 1967, worked in television, wrote and produced a play, and wrote children’s stories and magazines. In 1973, Allende and her family moved to Venezuela, where they lived for the next 13 years. In 1981, the foundations of her first novel, The House of the Spirits, were laid: after learning that her 99-year-old grandfather was dying, Allende wrote a letter to him. This eventually became The House of the Spirits, a magical-realist family long story. Allende had a long, productive and celebrated writing career. Over four decades she has published 24 books, which have been translated into more than 40 languages and sold more than 75 million copies, making her one of the best-selling authors in the world. She is a fairly rare author who has achieved widespread popularity among general readers and acclaim among literary critics. She herself and her books have been the subject of many academic literary studies, and she’s an essential part of the Latin American Spanish literary canon（经典）. 8. What language does Allende mostly write in? A. Latin. B. Spanish. C. English. D. French. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Allende’s early life. B. Allende’s homeland. C. Allende’s education. D. Allende’s marriage. 10. Who is directly related with Allende’s first novel? A. Her mother. B. Her father. C. Her child. D. Her grandfather. 11. What does the underlined word “acclaim” in the last paragraph mean? A. Worry. B. Doubt. C. Praise. D. Comfort. D Contrary to “popular opinion”, the scientific pursuit for knowledge is not a predictable process. To make new discoveries, researchers need the freedom to be creative, fail, and learn by chance. This aspect is similar to art. This is why Wageningen scientists look to artists for inspiration and exchange ideas about how to increase creative freedom. “Science and art are two different ways to make something understandable. They both provide a perspective on reality,” says Biochemistry Professor Dolf Weijers. “From the outside, the research process looks very formal and the artistic process looks somewhat messy. But the scientific process can also unfold in an unpredictable way.” “Scientists can learn a lot from artists,” says Weijers. “Association and creativity are central to art. Those aspects require more attention in science as the creative process is the key of science.” “As a scientist, you use different methods, but it is equally about how you visualize your understandings of reality and the connections between them. This is sometimes just as visual as art,” says Weijers. One example is a recent special project in which Weijers and his colleague Joris Sprakel, professor of Physical Chemistry and Soft Matter, measured the forces that act on plant cells. A molecular (分子的) sensor was used to visualize the different forces. They showed the results in colorful images, each representing a different force. What science and art also have in common is that they are topics of discussion in society. There are people who say that they do not value art and people who mistrust science. Weijers says, “It often creates the wrong impression because only the results of scientific studies are presented, and people do not have any insight into the process leading to discovery. As a scientist, you are doubted if you say something that is different a few years later. Then you are viewed as unreliable. But what is often poorly understood is that there are no final results in science. What we scientists can achieve in the coming period is to provide more chances for people to focus on the process. Personally, I think that the connection with art can help to lead the focus on the process than the result.” 12. What does Dolf Weijers think of science process? A. It is always serious. B. It can’t be accidental. C. It doesn’t allow failures. D. It can be unexpected. 13. What does the underlined sentence “This is sometimes just as visual as art” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Visualizing is a must for science. B. Science can be visualized like art. C. Science should be understood by visualizing. D. Visualizing is as easy in science as in art. 14. Why do common people mistrust science in Dolf Weijers’ opinion? A. Scientists usually draw unreliable conclusions. B. Scientists don’t use visualizing to show the results. C. The scientific process is unknown to them. D. The scientific results are complex for the public. 15. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Differences Between Science and Art B. Similarities Between Science and Art C. Scientists and Artists Contribute to the World D. Science and Art Are Tools to Understand the World 第二节(共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Traveling with friends or family is always a fun bonding experience, and one of the best ways to do that is by taking a charter (租赁) bus. ___16___ . Security and safety ___17___ . When hiring a bus, it is much harder for someone to steal it because there are not enough cars or people they can distract during an escape attempt. Additionally, some companies provide their security personnel on board their buses which adds an extra measure of safety for all passengers and the company itself. ___18___ When chartering a bus, you have more flexibility than renting cars or traveling by train. You’ll also have the convenience of being able to specify precisely how much space and comfort everyone in your group needs during the trip, which is essential if there are mobility issues among some members of your party. Comfort If you’re traveling with more than one or two people, there may be more comfortable ways to travel than staying in a car. ___19___ , especially if you’re traveling long distances. The seating will be comfortable, and there will probably be many electrical outlets where you can plug your devices in. Convenience There are many advantages of booking a charter bus over a rental car when traveling with a group, but the biggest one is convenience. If you book a charter bus, the bus company will pick you up at your start location, drive you to your end location, and even wait for you at any place where you want to stop. ___20___ . A. Flexibility B. Room for personal belongings C. In short, the bus is your vehicle, and you can use it as you please D. The first reason is security when you travel with more than one person E. You just have to worry about having fun safely with other fellow travelers F. A chartered bus will give everyone in your group some much-needed comfort G. Here are the reasons why you should book a charter bus when traveling with a group 第二部分 语言知识运用(共一节，满分15分) 第一节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Since ancient times, Chinese people have been planting, picking, making and drinking tea. Based on natural conditions and local customs,___21___Chinese tea producers have developed are six categories of tea. There are other varieties like flower-scented teas, and more than 2,000 tea___22___(product). The traditional tea making techniques are ___23___(main) concentrated in the four tea regions in China. Associated social practices (习俗), however, are spread throughout the country and shared by multiple ethnic groups. Tea is ubiquitous (无处不在的) in Chinese people’s daily life, as steeped or___24___(boil) tea is served in families, workplaces, tea houses, restaurants and temples, to name a few. It is also ___25___important part of socialization and ceremonies such as weddings and sacrifices. China’s traditional tea-making___26___(add) on 29th, November to the intangible cultural heritage list of the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). China now has 43 items on the intangible cultural heritage list,___27___(continue) to be the most enlisted country in the world. The item “Traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China” ___28___(pass) the examination at the17th session of the UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage ongoing in the Moroccan capital. The traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China consist ___29___knowledge, skills, and practices concerning the management of tea plantations, picking of tea leaves, manual processing, drinking,____30____sharing of tea. 第三部分 书面表达(共一节，满分25分) 第一节(满分25分) 31. 上周你校邀请王教授来校开展了“急救知识”主题讲座活动，假如你是校英文报记者李华，请根据下列提示用英文写一篇新闻报道，向校报投稿。内容包括： 1.讲座的时间、地点和参加人员； 2.讲座的内容； 3.活动的反响。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 A Lecture on First Aid __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $