Unit 3 Period 6 Extended reading & Other parts-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

Period 6　Extended reading & Other parts—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Please send us all the information about the candidate(s)(候选人) for the position. 2．During the week prior to the interview，they met secretly and negotiated something. 3．Do you know what criteria are used for assessing a student’s ability? 4．We apologized for the delayed delivery of goods caused by too many orders. 5．Her success had justified(证明……正确) the faith her teachers had put in her. 6．He has been up to making preparations for the tournament(锦标赛) to be held in Shanghai. 7．The painting which is sold at a high price is not a genuine Picasso but a copy. 8．We regret to inform you that this service is temporarily(暂时) unavailable. 9．Which are the messages you want to convey(表达) through your art? 10．He decided to go to the barber’s to shave off his beard before the interview. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．It is rude of you to treat the receptionist so rudely，and you should apologize to her for your rudeness.(rude) 2．With the development of science and technology，medical treatment is progressing relevantly，which undoubtedly has close relevance to the endeavour of all medical staff.(relevant) 3．He failed to see the commercial value of his invention，so the product is not yet commercially available.(commercial) 4．Once you practise the refreshing sports，you will feel quite refreshed afterwards.(refresh) 5．All applicants who have applied for the job must hand in the application forms before next Monday.(apply) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels，which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.(which引导非限制性定语从句) 它也是用金子和宝石装饰起来的珍品，一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它制作完成。 2．Once she has made up her mind，nothing can change it.(once引导时间状语从句) 她一旦下定决心，就什么也不能使她改变。 3．Because the weather was very hot，he carried the bed onto the roof of his house.(because引导原因状语从句) 由于天气很热，他便把床搬到了他的屋顶上。 4．While working as a volunteer for Beijing Winter Olympics，I learned a lot of knowledge and accumulated much experience.(状语从句的省略) 我在北京冬奥会做志愿者的时候学到了很多知识并积累了很多经验。 5．Not knowing how to deal with the problem，I have no choice but to turn to you for help.(疑问词＋不定式) 不知道如何解决这个问题，我只得向你求助。 qualification n．资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准[qualify vt.& vi.(使)合格；(使)具备资格 qualified adj.有资格的，合格的，胜任的] •qualify as...取得……资格 qualify sb to do sth使某人有资格做某事 qualify sb for sth使某人胜任某事 •be qualified to do sth有资格做某事 be qualified for...具备……资格的；适合担任……的 (1)(2023·全国乙)She qualified as a surgeon in 1813，then joined the British Army，serving overseas. (2)Only a college diploma doesn’t qualify you to take(take) up the job. (3)There is no doubt that relevant working experience and qualifications in the field will make you qualified for the post.(qualify) (4)(应用文写作之申请信)I firmly believe that I am qualified for this job，because I have learned Chinese paintings since childhood. 我坚信我能胜任这份工作，因为我从小就学习中国画。 applicant n．申请人(apply vt.& vi.应用；申请；涂；有关application n．申请；申请书；应用) apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某事 apply to do sth申请做某事 apply to sth/sb适用于/运用于……(to为介词) apply...to...把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……(to为介词) apply oneself to (doing) sth集中精力做某事，专注于某事(to为介词) (1)More than 100 applicants who applied for the voluntary position had handed in their applications prior to last week.(apply) (2)Keep in mind that the rules for safe driving apply to everyone，without exception. (3)With the college entrance examination approaching，all senior three students are applying themselves to preparing for it. 随着高考的临近，所有高三学生都在尽全力为高考做准备。 (4)(应用文写作之申请信)I am writing to apply to you for the position you offered in yesterday’s newspaper. 我写信向你申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。 prior adj.在前的；优先的，占先的(priority n．优先处理的事，当务之急) •prior to...在……之前 •give priority to...优先考虑……；给……优先权 have/take priority over...优先于……；比……重要 (1)All the arrangements should be completed prior to your departure. (2)Nowadays the priority(prior) for travelling has shifted from shopping to food and scenery. (3)It is well acknowledged that schools should give priority to students’ well-round development. 人们普遍认为，学校应该优先考虑学生的全面发展。 (4)I disagree with the claim that economic development should have/take priority over the environmental protection. 我不赞成经济发展应优先于环境保护这个说法。 delay v．延迟，延期；使迟到，使拖延 n．延期，耽搁；延迟的时间 •delay doing sth延迟做某事 •without delay立即；毫不耽搁 (1)Taking some factors into consideration，the doctors determined to delay telling(tell) him the fact that he suffered from lung cancer. (2)(话题写作之环境与自然)To prevent human beings from going on harming nature，all these measures must be carried out without delay. 为了防止人类继续危害自然，所有这些措施都必须立即执行。 relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的(relevance n．关联；相关性relevantly adv.相关地；贴切地 irrelevant adj.不相关的，无关紧要的) •(be) relevant to sb/sth与某人/某事有关 •have no relevance to...与……无关/不相关 •(be) irrelevant to sb/sth与某人/某事无关 (1)Many common people are not fond of politics at all，considering it irrelevant(relevant) to their lives. (2)It is generally accepted that success has no direct relevance(relevant) to inborn intelligence. (3)(应用文写作之通知)All applicants who have applied for the job are supposed to present relevant materials before May 21st. 所有应聘这份工作的申请人应该在5月21日前上交相关材料。 “疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 教材原句 Today I’ll be talking about what to do if you’re asked to go for a job interview. 今天我要说的是，如果你被要求去面试，应该怎么办。(P39) 教材原句 Once you’ve done your homework about the company and the position，make a list of questions that could be asked during the interview and think about how to best answer them. 针对公司和职位做足功课之后，列出面试时可能会被问到的问题，并想想如何给出最佳答案。(P39) •“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词who，what，which和疑问副词when，where，how等； •“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可转换为从句。 (1)The receptionist showed us how we should do the work. →The receptionist showed us how to do the work.(疑问词＋to do) (2)We must decide whether we’ll stay or go. →We must decide whether to stay or go.(疑问词＋to do) (3)(应用文写作之征求建议)I would appreciate it if you could give us some advice on how to improve our English study. 如果你能给我们一些如何提高英语学习的建议，我会感激不尽的。 状语从句的省略 教材原句 When answering，try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much. 回答时试着把握好交谈的分寸，给出面试官所需的一切信息，使其对你有全面的了解，又不会过于啰唆。(P40) 教材原句 While speaking，make constant eye contact but do not stare fixedly at the interviewer. 交谈时要保持眼神交流，但不可一直盯着面试官看。(P40) •状语从句的省略有两种形式： ①当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中谓语含有be动词时，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略。 ②当从句中含有“it＋be动词”时，可将it和be动词省略。 •有相似用法的词还有as，although，though，if，unless，once等。 (1)Once，while working(work) overnight at a store，he let a homeless man sleep in his truck. (2)It is so cold that you can’t go outside unless fully covered(cover) in thick clothes. (3) If it is possible，please exchange my dollars for pounds. →If possible，please exchange my dollars for pounds.(状语从句的省略) (4)If accepted/hired，I will spare no effort to make use of my strengths and make contributions to our firm. 如果我被雇用，我会不遗余力地发挥我的专长为我们公司做出贡献。(状语从句的省略) Ⅰ.一词多义 plug A.vt.补足，供给　B.vt.堵塞，封堵　C.n.插头，插座 1．We used mud to plug up the holes in the roof. B 2．I’ll have to change the plug on my hairdryer. C 3．A cheaper range of products were introduced to plug the gap at the lower end of the market. A Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．The firm has achieved a dominant position in the world market.商行，公司 2．The boy who is crazy about books is labeled as “bookworm” by his classmates.把……称作 3．As soon as we got there，my daughter ran to the swing and asked for a push.秋千 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It is hard to say why he delayed submitting(submit) his application form. 2．I suppose we’re stuck with each other for the duration of the journey. 3．They have a tight budget.To attain their goal，they’re discussing what to do next. 4．The government has given priority(prior) to reforming the education system. 5．You will infer from some of our code how in fact you can implement some more complicated programs. 6．If you want to apply for that job, you need to prove in your resume that you are qualified(qualify) for that position. 7．Your achievements are something to be proud of，which will add a colorful page to your profile. 8．How can you justify taking(take) your classmate’s dictionary without his permission? 9．The odds are that you can’t repay your bank loans if you go over your monthly budget. 10．I’m writing to make an apology to you for my rudeness(rude) the other day. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．The two athletes both ran so fast that neither could gain the upper hand. 2．I’m absolutely sure you could make it if you put your best foot forward next year. 3．Let’s swing into action and make efforts to make our campus more and more beautiful. 4．I like to look back on my high school days，which are among the happiest in my life. 5．You’d better set off earlier，in case of some unusual conditions，such as a traffic jam. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作之申请信) 1．我写信是为了应聘你在今天报纸上刊登的职位。(apply) I am writing to apply for the position you advertise in today’s newspaper. 2．我精通计算机，这将使我胜任这份工作。(which引导非限制性定语从句) I have a good command of computer，which will make me qualified for the job. 3．为了更好地为未来做准备，我在业余时间做了各种兼职。(不定式作目的状语) To better prepare myself for the future，I have done various part-time jobs during my spare time. 4．在做兼职的同时，我积累了很多相关的经验。(relevant) While doing the part-time jobs，I have accumulated a lot of relevant experience. 5．一旦被录用，我将不遗余力地为公司做出贡献。(状语从句的省略) Once accepted，I will spare no effort to make contributions to the firm. Ⅳ.阅读理解 There are jobs you take because you may find them fulfilling，or a stepping stone to your career.And then there are jobs you take for the money.The new book，Ducks：Two Years in the Oil Sands，is about the latter.It’s from Kate Beaton，a best-selling cartoonist.With her first graphic narrative，Ducks，Beaton examines her own life，specifically the years she spent working at the oil sands of Fort McMurray，in Alberta，Canada. The book starts on Cape Breton Island，Beaton’s hometown.Once it was home to various industries，and then it wasn’t.So the island started sending its people out to wherever jobs were.This idea that you have to leave home to make a life for yourself is deeply rooted in the culture of Cape Breton.Her parents try to convince her to go into teaching，but she heads west，to the oil sands of Fort McMurray.It’s an oil boomtown populated mostly by men who are away from their homes and likely to fall into the traps of boomtowns—drugs，alcohol and loneliness. The book follows Beaton as she tackles her own sense of isolation，while having to bear constant sexism.But she describes small moments of tenderness too，from people looking out for her in their own ways to those who are simply putting their heads down，just trying to get by. In the book，a Cree elder talks about the impacts the oil companies have had on their community.“Everything’s ruined，our lives，our water，the air...as long as they get their money.” When the companies first came in，the locals weren’t given much say.And now they are economically tied up to the industries that are polluting their land，and leaving them with higher rates of cancer.But what choice did they have but to be involved，or be completely crushed? Ducks is truly an untold story of Canada：a country that prides itself on its equality and natural beauty while exploiting both the riches of its land and the humanity of its people. 1．Which factor leads Beaton to Fort McMurray? A．The appeal of oil sands. B．Her thirst for freedom. C．The influence of her culture. D．Her parents’ encouragement. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的第四句可知，Beaton离开家乡是因为文化的影响。故选C。 2．How does Beaton find her life in the oil sands? A．Depressing and unfair. B．Helpless and aimless. C．Miserable yet fulfilling. D．Lonely yet still with warmth. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The book follows Beaton as she tackles her own sense of isolation...moments of tenderness too”可知，Beaton在油矿地区的生活既孤独又有一些温暖。故选D。 3．Why don’t the locals have other choices? A．Because they can find no better place to go. B．Because they are illegally trapped in oil sands. C．Because their life is totally ruined by the oil mining. D．Because they are financially dependent on the industries. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the locals weren’t given much say.And now they are economically tied up to the industries”可知，当地人别无选择的原因是他们在经济上依赖着这些产业。故选D。 4．What type of writing is the text? A．A novel. B．A book review. C．A biography. D．A news story. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。第一段引出了新书Ducks：Two Years in the Oil Sands及其作者，后文是对这本新书的介绍和评价，由此可知，文章是一篇书评。故选B。 Ⅴ.完形填空 I remind myself that everything annoying will eventually become a regular part of my life. If I could go back in time，I would view many 1 as growth opportunities，such as asking a Chinese classmate in the cafe to help 2 some of the names of the available dishes and making new friends to understand Chinese culture better. I’d like to share my bathroom story.One day the toilet in my apartment was 3 .My roommate was gone，and I had to figure out how to 4 it.The building had a 5 team，but I was worried that I wouldn’t be able to 6 the problem to them over the telephone. Instead of 7 the team，I went downstairs to talk to the staff members who watched the building’s front entrance.After greeting with my poor Chinese，I 8 that I had a problem in the bathroom，and then 9 plunging(插入) into toilet bowl.It turned out that I was a 10 performer，so from pocket I took out my 11 ，translated plunger into Chinese，and showed them the screen.Now 12 what I wanted，the person called someone to help. The entire experience taught me that，as long as you are 13 and patient，most people will help you.No 14 language? No problem! People across cultures can communicate as long as you put in a bit of effort to make yourself 15 . 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的汉语很差，厕所坏了却无法让工作人员明白自己的问题，掏出手机进行翻译后，工作人员最终明白并解决了问题。作者认为只要你表达清楚，说不同语言的人们之间是可以交流的。 1．A.places B．conditions C．experiments D．occasions 答案　D 解析　根据下文“such as asking a Chinese classmate in the cafe to help...”的举例可知，空白处应填表示“场合”含义的名词，故选D。 2．A.interpret B．transform C．deliver D．pronounce 答案　A 解析　根据下文“some of the names of the available dishes...to understand Chinese culture better”可知，作者是需要别人帮忙口头翻译一些菜肴的名称，故选A。 3．A.crowded B．disabled C．blocked D．frozen 答案　C 解析　根据下文“...the problem to them”以及“I had a problem in the bathroom”可知公寓厕所出故障了，“blocked(堵住)”与句子表达的含义一致，故选C。 4．A.suspend B．explode C．fix D．await 答案　C 解析　根据上文“One day the toilet in my apartment was ”可知，公寓厕所堵了，需要想办法修理，故选C。 5．A.defending B．maintaining C．rescuing D．searching 答案　B 解析　根据上文“One day the toilet in my apartment was ”可知，公寓厕所堵了，需要大楼里的维修团队修理，故选B。 6．A.express B．present C．bring D．describe 答案　D 解析　根据下文“Instead of the team，I went downstairs to talk to the staff members who watched the building’s front entrance.”可知，作者担心无法通过电话向维修团队描述问题，故选D。 7．A.begging B．calling C．inviting D．interrupting 答案　B 解析　根据上文“...the problem to them over the telephone”可知，作者并没有给维修团队打电话，故选B。 8．A.apologized B．disturbed C．explained D．pointed 答案　C 解析　根据下文“I had a problem in the bathroom”可知，作者向工作人员解释厕所坏了这件事，故选C。 9．A.carried out B．brought out C．worked out D．acted out 答案　D 解析　carry out执行；bring out出版；work out解决；act out表演，演示。根据下文“plunging(插入) into toilet bowl”以及“I was a performer”可知，作者因不怎么会说汉语，只能通过演示告诉工作人员自己的厕所坏了，故选D。 10．A.smart B．terrible C．reliable D．brilliant 答案　B 解析　根据下文作者拿出手机进行翻译可知，作者的演示没有让工作人员明白，所以这里指作者是一个糟糕的表演者，故选B。 11．A.cellphone B．notebook C．pen D．mirror 答案　A 解析　根据下文“translated plunger into Chinese，and showed them the screen”可知作者为了让工作人员明白他的意思，拿出了手机进行翻译，故选A。 12．A.sensing B．imagining C．realizing D．proving 答案　C 解析　根据下文“the person called someone to help”可知，工作人员明白了作者的需要，故选C。 13．A.respected B．ashamed C．considerate D．polite 答案　D 解析　根据并列连词后面的形容词patient以及下文“most people will help you”，并分析四个选项，“polite(礼貌的)”表达的含义与句子表达的含义一致，故选D。 14．A.spoken B．shared C．ordinary D．written 答案　B 解析　根据下文“People across cultures can communicate”可知，作者认为没有共同的语言也是没问题的，故选B。 15．A.clear B．amazing C．lucky D．active 答案　A 解析　根据上文“People across cultures can communicate”可知，只要你努力表达清楚，说不同语言的人们仍可以交流，故选A。 Ⅵ.语法填空 If you’re a job seeker 1. is still using traditional methods，it is likely that you may not succeed in 2. (find) a job today.The way people find jobs has changed significantly and this is mainly due to the increased importance of electronic communication and networking.3. (go) are the days when paper was the only way to communicate 4._________ people.Today’s employers are 5. (much) interested in your people skills and communication skills.So it’s important to show the employer that you have these at the application stage. Let’s look at an example.In the past，you always 6. (send) in a paper letter when you applied for a job，but today it isn’t essential to do this.Although it’s a good idea 7._________ (have) a formal letter when you apply for jobs，it’s increasingly acceptable to write an “e-note” in an email to explain why you’re the right candidate.This is 8.________ (especial) true if you see the job advertised online and only 9. email address is given in the contact information.Of course，it’s important to sell yourself in this “e-note”．Besides，don’t forget to check your note for any spelling or grammar 10. (error) when you’ve finished writing. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了当代社会通常通过电子通信和网络求职，求职者需要在申请阶段展现出人际交往和沟通能力，比如可以在电子邮件中写电子笔记以恰当地推销自己。 1．答案　who/that 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词a job seeker，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 2．答案　finding 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处作介词in的宾语，应用find的动名词形式finding。故填finding。 3．答案　Gone 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处因为表语前置用了完全倒装，空处是表语，应用形容词gone，意为“不复存在的，一去不复返的”，且空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Gone。 4．答案　with 解析　考查介词。根据空前的“communicate”和空后的“people”可知，此处用固定短语communicate with sb，意为“和某人交流”，空处需用介词with。故填with。 5．答案　more 解析　考查比较级。联系上下文可知，此处强调现在的雇主“更看重”人际交往能力和沟通能力，需用interested的比较级形式more interested，空处应用more。故填more。 6．答案　sent 解析　考查时态。分析句子可知，空处作句子的谓语，根据时间状语可知，句子在描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，空处需用send的过去式sent。故填sent。 7．答案　to have 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据“it’s a good idea”可知，此处用固定句型it is a good idea to do sth，意为“做……是个好主意”，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，空处应用have的不定式形式to have。故填to have。 8．答案　especially 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空处修饰true，应用especial的副词形式especially，意为“尤其，特别”，表示强调。故填especially。 9．答案　an 解析　考查冠词。分析句子可知，空处表示泛指，意为“一个”，应用不定冠词，且email发音以元音音素开头。故填an。 10．答案　errors 解析　考查名词复数。根据空前的“any”可知，此处表示“任何拼写或语法错误”，空处需用error的复数形式errors。故填errors。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$