Unit 1 Period 6 Developing ideas-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（外研版2019）

Period 6　Developing ideas—Reading comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．diverge A．to come into existence or begin to be noticed；to happen as a result of a rticular situation 2．complex B．to separate and go in different directions 3．symbolize C．a combination of different things 4．alternative D．a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or more possibilities 5．arise E．involving a lot of different but related parts 6．mixture F．to represent something 答案　1.B　2.E　3.F　4.D　5.A　6.C Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I think we should weigh up the situation carefully before making the final choice. 2．I have made up my mind to study medicine in the university due to your encouragement. 3．There are numerous crimes arising from loss of jobs in this area. 4．He passed up the opportunity when he was young，which he regrets all his life. 5．We will put off our vacation until next month，when we will not be so busy. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The meaning of life choice. B．How to choose the road of life. C．The introduction to the poem The Road Not Taken. D．The poem The Road Not Taken and how to make right choices. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Read the passage and match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．Our choice will lead to specific consequences. Para.2 B．Take full advantage of the choices and positively face the future. Para.3 C．Brief introduction to the poem. Para.4 D．Choices people face and decisions people should make. Para.5 E．It’s difficult to make right choices. 答案　Para.1 C　Para.2 D　 Para.3 A　 Para.4 E Para.5 B Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read and appreciate the poem on page 10. 1．Underline the rhyming words in the poem on page 10.What effect do they have? Rhyming words may make it easier to read and recite the poem，because they make the rhythm of the poem fairly obvious. 2．What symbols can you find in the poem? the road: the journey of life a road forking off into two paths: a choice Ⅱ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercise. Why has The Road Not Taken become one of the most famous American poems of all time? A．Because of its natural style. B．Because of its rhythm and rhyme. C．Because of its thoughtful insights into human nature. D．Both A and C. 答案　D Ⅲ.Read Para.2 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What can we learn about The Road Not Taken from the second paragraph? A．The poem is about the scene of countryside. B．The poem is about the choice we will be faced with. C．The poem is about the job which we like. D．The poem is about the study in the college. 答案　B 2．Which problems might be the most difficult for us to decide? A．About morals. B．About clothes. C．About subjects. D．About jobs. 答案　A Ⅳ.Read Para.3 carefully and do the following exercise. How do you think the man looking back on his decision“with a sigh”？ A．We are sure to regret not taking the other path. B．The path we took is so tough. C．We took a“less traveled”road. D．We may wonder whether we have made the right decision. 答案　D Ⅴ.Read Para.4 carefully and do the following exercise. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Our choices have the same consequences. B．We can change our choice or decision as long as we want. C．We choose one option and at the same time reject another opportunity. D．When it’s hard to make a choice，we can let others make the choice instead of us. 答案　C Ⅵ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercise. What does“it”mean in the sentence“...it can also lead to new adventures and experiences.”？ A．A more unusual path. B．A new understanding of the poem. C．Another understanding of life. D．A way of making decisions. 答案　A Ⅶ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．What’s the genre(体裁) of the text? A．An advertisement. B．Narrative writing. C．Practical writing. D．Argumentative writing. 答案　D 2．According to the passage，what attitude should we have towards future? A．Curious. B．Optimistic. C．Pessimistic. D．Indifferent. 答案　B Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．What is the most difficult choice you have ever had to make? Looking back，do you have any regrets? (Critical thinking) 2．What effect will the poem have on you when you face decisions in the future？(Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 The poem The Road Not Taken has become one of the most famous American 1.poems(poem) of all time.When reading the poem，one cannot help but see in one’s mind images of a 2.peaceful(peace) wood deep within the countryside.Paths in the woods 3.are used(use) to symbolize how our lives progress and change.Life throws many alternatives at us on a daily basis.Of course，the greatest dilemmas arise 4.from moral problems，when we are uncertain which choice results in doing the right thing. Whether big or small,5.what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences.Once a choice is made，there is no 6.going(go) back.Although we may be free to choose which path 7.to take(take)，this choice isn’t easy when those two paths look similar.For example，when 8.presented(present) with two job offers，we may wonder 9.exactly(exact) what it is we’re choosing between. Nonetheless，part of the art of decision-making is learning to make 10.the most of our decisions.Instead of looking back with regret，we should be facing our future with energy and optimism. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Whether big or small，what all our choices have in common is that they lead to specific consequences. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。句子主干为主系表结构：what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句；whether...or...意为“是……还是……；无论……”。 [自主翻译]　无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。 2．Like the writer，all we can do is look backwards “with a sigh”and imagine what could have been. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。主语为all；we can do为省略that的定语从句，修饰先行词all；look backwards “with a sigh”and imagine what could have been作句子的表语；what引导宾语从句。 [自主翻译]　就像作者一样，我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”，幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。 3．In the poem，the writer doubts his choice，thinking that in the future “ages and ages hence”，he may claim that he took the “less traveled”road. [句式分析]　此句为复合句。主句为the writer doubts his choice；thinking...为现在分词短语作伴随状语；第二个that引导宾语从句，从句中that he took the “less traveled”road作claim的宾语。 [自主翻译]　在这首诗中，作者质疑了自己的选择，在“多年之后”的未来，他可能会承认自己选择了一条“人迹较少”的路。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A An internship(实习) is a great way to gain valuable experience in your chosen future career.Here，we offer some fantastic worldwide internships with opportunities to help you gain some really unique and diverse experience. Dental Internship in South Africa Join our dental elective to boost your dental work experience.You’ll work with a professional dentist and assist in day-to-day tasks at check-up camps.Compare the dental care between your home country and South Africa. Requirement: Interns should be studying dentistry(牙科) Journalism Internship in Ghana See all aspects of Ghanaian life by reporting on day-to-day life and taking part in a varied journalism internship in Accra.Work for a newspaper，radio or TV station and get hands-on experience in the media industry. Requirement: Good English speakers and general level of fitness Medical Internship in Palampur If you are considering a career in medicine or nursing，this is the medical internship for you.Based in northern India，in the foothills of the Himalayas，you will shadow local doctors and nurses and learn lots about the Indian medical system. Requirement: Interns should have an interest in，or already be studying，a medical related course Medical Internship in Romania Take part in a highly rated medical internship on a mobile medical unit and within a children’s hospital.Work in a variety of medical settings and with a mixture of cases，shadowing doctors and nurses and actively contributing to the care of the patients. Requirement：Minimum requirement of a first aid certificate 1．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A school magazine. B．An academic paper. C．A public speech. D．A travel log. 答案　A 解析　文章出处题。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍世界各地的一些实习机会及其相关要求，因此文章的目标受众为正在学习某些课程的学生，故本文最有可能出现在学校的杂志中。故选A项。 2．Which can offer a greater chance to fully experience the local culture? A．Dental Internship in South Africa. B．Journalism Internship in Ghana. C．Medical Internship in Palampur. D．Medical Internship in Romania. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由Journalism Internship in Ghana中“See all aspects of Ghanaian life by reporting on day-to-day life and taking part in a varied journalism internship in Accra.”可知，Journalism Internship in Ghana的这个实习项目可以看到加纳人日常生活的方方面面，充分体验到当地的文化。故选B项。 3．What do the last two internships have in common? A．They are located in northern India. B．They need childcare interns. C．They require a first aid certificate. D．They encourage learning from old hands. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Medical Internship in Palampur的“...you will shadow local doctors and nurses and learn lots about the Indian medical system.”以及Medical Internship in Romania的“Work in a variety of medical settings and with a mixture of cases，shadowing doctors and nurses and...”可知，两个实习项目中均出现shadow doctors and nurses的表述，shadow 作及物动词时，意为“跟随……实地学习或参观”，故它们的共同之处在于都鼓励向前辈学习。故选D项。 B China’s young people have created yet another word to reflect their growing disappointment with the stressful work culture.The new lifestyle hot word，tang ping，is an action rather than a feeling—deciding to just go by，using a minimum effort at an unsatisfactory job. Wendy said that her lying-down philosophy could be summed up as “Putting the peacefulness of the body and soul first.”“According to the mainstream standard，a good lifestyle must include working hard，trying to get good results on work evaluations，struggling to buy a house and a car，and having babies，”she said.“However，I am looking forward to ‘lying down entirely’—quitting my job and living off my savings.” Tang ping has come under fire from Chinese state media.“No matter what，young people must have confidence in the future，”read a newspaper.“China is the world’s most populous country，with rich labor resources and a huge market advantage.The only happy life is a hard-working life.The lying-down community obviously isn’t good for the country’s economic and social development，”said Guangming Daily.However，the newspaper added that tang ping shouldn’t be ignored without reflection: if China wants to encourage hard work in the young generation，it should first try to improve their quality of life. “The state is worried about what would happen if everyone stopped working，”said Huang Ping，a literature professor.“But humans aren’t merely tools for making things，”he said.To lie down is a reasonable choice rather than a negative attitude.For some young people，it’s a way for them to reduce pressure.“When you can’t catch up with society’s development—say，high house prices—tang ping is actually the most practical choice，”he said. Lying down can be seen as the opposite of involution(内卷)，referring to societies becoming trapped in continual cycles of competition.“In a relatively good social environment，people may feel involuted，but at least they’re trying，”he said.“If it’s worse，people will tang ping.” Alternatively，the more motivated among the young generation have accepted FIRE—“Financial Independence，Retire Early”—in the hope of someday escaping the severe competition once and for all. 语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国的流行热词“躺平”，及其背后所反映的社会问题与现象。 4．What is Wendy’s goal in life? A．To keep up with society’s development. B．To depend on her savings to live. C．To get promoted in her company. D．To be highly evaluated at work. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第二段的“However，I am looking forward to ‘lying down entirely’—quitting my job and living off my savings.”可知，Wendy打算依赖她的存款生活。故选B项。 5．What do state media think the young should do? A．Improve their quality of life. B．Reflect on China’s development. C．Base their future on hard work. D．Live a happy life by lying down. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第三段的“The only happy life is a hard-working life.”可知，媒体认为年轻人应该通过努力工作，创造未来。故选C项。 6．What does Professor Huang think of the “lying down”style? A．It means low quality of life for the young. B．It prevents the development of society. C．It motivates the young to welcome their future. D．It removes the heavy life pressure from the young. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。由第四段的“To lie down is a reasonable choice rather than a negative attitude.For some young people，it’s a way for them to reduce pressure.”可知，黄教授认为躺平生活方式消除了年轻人沉重的生活压力。故选D项。 7．What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A．A healthy society doesn’t involve competition. B．Young people prefer involution to tang ping. C．Severe competition is the main cause of lying down. D．More active young people favour severe competition. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由尾段“Alternatively，the more motivated among the young generation have accepted FIRE—‘Financial Independence，Retire Early’—in the hope of someday escaping the severe competition once and for all.”可推知，竞争压力大才是大家选择躺平模式的主要原因。故选C项。 C “The Road Not Taken”appears as a preface to Frost’s Mountain Interval，which was published in 1916 when Europe was engulfed in World War Ⅰ； the United States would enter the war a year later.Frost wrote this poem at a time when many men doubted they would ever go back to what they had left. Actually，Robert Frost wrote “The Road Not Taken”as a joke for a friend，the poet Edward Thomas.When they went walking together，Thomas was habitually indecisive about which road they ought to take and when looking back often regretted that they should，in fact，have taken the other one.Soon after writing the poem in 1915，Frost complained to Thomas that he had read the poem to an audience of college students and that it had been “taken pretty seriously...despite doing my best to make it obvious by my manner that I was fooling...It is my fault.”However，Frost liked to make jokes，“I’m never more serious than when joking.” Indeed，shortly after receiving this poem in a letter，Edward Thomas’s Army was sent to Arras，France，where he was killed two months later.When Frost sent the poem to Thomas，Thomas initially failed to realize that the poem was about him.Instead，he believed it was a serious reflection on the need for decisive action. Frost was disappointed that the joke fell flat and wrote back insisting that the sigh at the end of the poem was “a mock sigh，hypo-critical for the fun of the thing.”The joke made Thomas angry; Thomas was hurt by this characterization of what he saw as a personal weakness—his indecisiveness，which partly sprang from his paralyzing depression.Thomas warned Frost that most readers would not understand the poem’s playfulness and wrote，“I doubt if you can get anybody to see the fun of the thing without showing them and advising them which kind of laugh they are to turn on.”Edward Thomas was right，and the critic David Orr has referred to “The Road Not Taken”as a poem that “at least in its first few decades came close to being reader-proof.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了《未选择的路》这首诗是罗伯特·弗罗斯特出于玩笑写就的，但是却被人们过度解读。 8．What did the college students think of the poem? A．It fooled them. B．It deserved high praise. C．It confused them in a manner. D．It concerned something serious. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Frost complained to Thomas that he had read the poem to an audience of college students and that it had been ‘taken pretty seriously...despite doing my best to make it obvious by my manner that I was fooling...It is my fault.’”可知，大学生们认为这首诗与一些严肃的事情有关。故选D。 9．How did Edward Thomas react to the poem when receiving it? A．He felt so hurt by it as to go to Arras. B．He wrote back to criticize its mock sigh. C．He doubted if anybody could see its fun. D．He thought it relevant to the situation then. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句(当弗罗斯特把这首诗寄给托马斯时，托马斯最初没有意识到这首诗是关于他自己的。相反，他认为这是对采取果断行动必要性的严肃反思)可知，爱德华·托马斯收到这首诗时认为这与当时的形势有关。故选D。 10．What does the critic David Orr mean by saying “‘The Road Not Taken’．..came close to being reader-proof”？ A．Readers were forbidden from reading the poem. B．Readers didn’t know who to laugh at in the poem. C．Readers might fail to appreciate the teasing in the poem. D．Readers couldn’t appreciate the beauty described in the poem. 答案　C 解析　句意猜测题。根据最后一段中“Thomas warned Frost that most readers would not understand the poem’s playfulness and wrote，‘I doubt if you can get anybody to see the fun of the thing without showing them and advising them which kind of laugh they are to turn on.’”可知，David Orr说这句话的意思是“读者可能无法欣赏诗中的揶揄”。故选C。 11．What can be the best title for the text? A．A Poem Over-interpreted B．Friendship Revealed by a Poem C．Fun of Rereading a Classic Poem D．The Secret to Understanding a Poem 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段中“Actually，Robert Frost wrote ‘The Road Not Taken’ as a joke for a friend，the poet Edward Thomas.”并结合文章主要说明了《未选择的路》这首诗是罗伯特·弗罗斯特出于玩笑写就的，但是却被人们过度解读。可知，A选项“过度解读的诗”最符合文章标题。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 Many people want to become book reviewers. 1 But most have at least a high school diploma，or often a college degree in literature or a related field.An English degree and a writing degree are also popular choices for professional book reviewers. It generally takes much patience to become a book reviewer.It’s important to learn much about book reviewing beforehand.Read as many book reviews as possible to get a sense for the tone and content found in the reviews.And remember book reviewers are a little different from book critics. 2 If you want to become a book reviewer，it’s important to determine what type of book you wish to review.Most book reviewers focus on one specific type. 3 Whichever type you want to review，you should truly enjoy reading it，and be relatively knowledgeable about common themes and plot methods. 4 Even if the reviews are never published，it’s important to have samples.Most editors won’t hire a reviewer without any sample pieces.It may be easier to start writing for a university newspaper while still in college，or for a local newspaper.Another option is to write reviews and post them on a blog.Thus，you prepare yourself for becoming a book reviewer. Most book reviewers are freelance writers who are paid per piece，if they are paid at all. 5 In exchange，they will receive free books to review，sometimes ahead of their publication dates.Like any other freelance writing career，it can be difficult to get started，but it won’t be long for someone who really enjoys doing that. A．And the salary can be high. B．It can be historical fiction，or anything else. C．Some simply write book reviews on a volunteer basis. D．Interestingly，there are different types of book reviewers. E．It’s impossible to become a reviewer without writing some reviews. F．Book reviewers are traditionally less formal compared with book critics. G．There are no specific educational requirements for becoming book reviewers. 1．答案　G 解析　根据空后两句可知，下文主要讲述了想要成为一名书评人至少要具备的学历要求。选项G(成为书评人没有特定的教育背景要求)”与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选G。 2．答案　F 解析　根据空前一句可知，作者认为书评人和书评家是有区别的。选项F(传统上书评人没有书评家那么正式)与上文内容一致，讲述的是两者之间的区别。故选F。 3．答案　B 解析　根据空前两句可知，想要成为书评人，最好能确定自己想要评论的书的类型。选项B(可以是历史小说，也可以是别的什么)指的正是选择自己喜欢的书的类型，与上文内容一致。故选B。 4．答案　E 解析　空处为段首句，为本段主旨句。根据下文可知，作者认为想要成为书评人，就要练习写书评。选项E(不写评论就不可能成为书评人)符合本段主要内容。故选E。 5．答案　C 解析　根据空前一句可知，本段内容涉及书评人的类型。选项C(一些人只是在自愿的基础上写书评)指的是有些书评人自愿写书评，没有报酬。与空后一句内容逻辑衔接一致。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$