Unit 2 Period 6 Using Language & Other Parts—Language Points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Period 6　Using Language & Other Parts—Language Points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The chairwoman treated the salesman extremely badly and finally she was put into prison(监狱)． 2．The salary of the temporary saleswoman is not very high now. 3．The female bird must find a warm place with the purpose of hatching(孵出) her eggs. 4．The course on iconic attraction in China is made up of 12 two-hour sessions. 5．Who on earth entitled(使享有权利) you to the right of treading the dignity of others? 6．A rumour goes that the license of the hotel has been suspended because of sanitary problems. 7．It turned out that the storm split a branch off from the main trunk. 8．Never have I seen such a grand cruise ship，which is superior to those I have taken before. 9．The scientists are taking water samples(样本) from the river at random. 10．The wedding marked the beginning of a new phase in my niece’s life. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The money was distributed among schools in the area and the distributions were quite fair.(distribute) 2．He frequently made mistakes and he was dismissed because of the frequency of mistakes.(frequent) 3．Faced with violent situations，Mandela decided to obtain freedom by means of violence.(violent) 4．Interested in biological knowledge，I plan to major in biology and become a biologist in the future.(biology) 5．Being a capable man，the president has the capacity to deal with economic problems.(capable) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他浪费许多时间玩电脑游戏、读电子书和到处闲逛，因此他在学习上落后于其他人。 He wasted a lot of time playing computer games, reading e-books and hanging around, so he fell behind others in his studies. 2．如果你来我的城市，你不能错过市博物馆，在博物馆你可以了解我们城市的历史，并且我确保你会在这里的餐馆里享受来自全国各地的美食。 If you come to my city，you can’t afford to miss the city museum where you can learn about the history of our city and I make sure that you can enjoy delicious foods from all over our country in the restaurants. 3．简缺乏信心，因此，她不敢登上舞台，但是我不遗余力地说服她勇敢地在舞台上表演。 Jane lacked confidence, so she didn’t dare to step onto the stage, but I spared no effort to persuade her to perform on the stage bravely. 4．只有几种课外活动可以引起我的兴趣。 There are only a few extra-curricular activities that/which can arouse my interest. freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态 (free adj.免费的；自由的；不受约束的 vt.释放；使摆脱；解除) ·freedom of speech言论自由 have the freedom of.../to do sth有(做)……的自由 · be free to do sth自由做某事 set...free使……获得自由；释放 free from/of...不受……影响的；无……的 (1)我们有言论自由，有就政治问题发表自己的观点的自由。 Having freedom of speech，we have the freedom to voice our own opinions on political issues. (2)如果你有任何问题，你可以随时给我打电话或者来找我。 If you have any question，you can be free to call or visit me. (3)我呼吁那些把宠物关在笼子里的人释放这些宠物。 I call on those who keep their pets in cages to set them free. (4)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)得知我的搭档完全没有了身体上的痛苦，我的担忧最终消失了。 Learning that my partner was completely free from/of physical pain，my worry eventually melted away. distribution n．分布；分配；分发(distribute vt.分发；分配；分布) distribute sth to sb/sth把某物分发/配给某人/物 distribute among...在……中分发 (1)My niece distributed dim sim among family members after dinner. (2)他们将举行会议讨论救援物资的分配，救援物资将以一种公平的方式分发给那些处在困境中的人。 They will hold a meeting to discuss the distribution of aid supplies，which will be distributed to those in need in a fair way. pick up 拾起；学会；接收；(便宜地)买到 take up拿起；开始从事；占据(时间或空间) build up逐渐增强；增强……的体质；建立；开发；积累 make up虚构；弥补；组成 break up(使)破碎；(使)(关系等)破裂；分解；驱散 选词填空 pick up，take up，build up，make up，break up (1)(应用文写作之求助信)Preparing for the end-of-term examination takes up almost all of my time.Could you please pick my niece up at the airport in place of me? (2)Why not work out regularly to build up your body? (3)(话题写作之生活态度)Ups and downs make up our life and it is not easy to maintain a positive and enthusiastic attitude. (4)My friend and I had broken up and I sobbed，hiding my face in my hands. (5)He made up some silly excuses，which made me explode with anger. frequency n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率 (frequent adj.频繁的frequently adv.频繁地，经常) at/with a high/low frequency以高/低频率 (1)His speech was so wonderful that it was frequently(frequent) interrupted by stormy applause. (2)据估计他们以高频率彼此约会。 It is calculated that they make appointments with each other at/with a high frequency. (3)你在生活中经常经历巨大的压力，并不奇怪。 It is not unusual that you experience great stress in your life on a frequent basis. come across (偶然)遇见；发现 come about(尤指未经计划地)发生；产生 come down with患(病)；染上(小病) come on快点；进展；算了吧 come out出来；出版；结果是 come up上来；走近；被提出 come up with提出；想出 when it comes to (doing) sth说到(做)某事 (1)(2022·浙江，读后续写)不幸的是，我的搭档得了重病，因此，我不得不独立完成这个项目。即使我遇到许多困难，我也从不放弃。我总是坚定地说：“加油！”在我的不懈努力下，结果我的项目得了A。我满意地笑了。 Unluckily，my partner came down with a serious disease，and thus I had to finish the project on my own.Even if I came across many difficulties，I never gave up.I always said determinedly，“Come on！” With my tireless efforts，it came out that my project got an A．I beamed with satisfaction. (2)(应用文写作之求助信)说到与其他人好好相处，您可以提出一些改善人际关系的好主意吗？例如，当误解发生时，我们应该怎么办？ When it comes to getting along well with others，could you please come up with some good ideas to improve interpersonal relationships？For example，when the misunderstanding comes about，what should we do? (3)(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)站在我旁边的善良的女人温柔地提醒我：“快点！无家可归的人正朝着我们走来。” The kind-hearted lady standing next to me reminded me gently，“Come on! The homeless people are coming in our direction.” (4)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)“海洋保护”的话题每年都被提及，人们以各种有效的方式保护海洋。 The “ocean protection” topic comes up every year and people protect oceans in various effective ways. 修辞之夸张手法在读后续写中的应用 教材原句　The noise they make could wake the dead.它们发出来的噪音能把死人叫醒。(P20) 夸张是以言过其实的说法加强语气，增加表达效果的一种修辞手法。 (1)他如此害怕，以至于不敢移动半步。 So frightened was he that he didn’t dare to move an inch. (2)当约翰看到周围发生的一切时，他觉得自己的血液几乎都凝固了。 John almost felt his blood frozen when he saw what was happening around. (3)听到这个坏消息时，她泪流成河。 When she heard the bad news，a river of tears poured out. (4)似乎过了一个世纪之后，他的思维又开始加速了。 After seemingly a century，his mind began to race again. (5)我快要笑死了。 I almost laughed my head off. (6)刚才发生的事让我的心悬到了嗓子眼。 What happened just now brought my heart into my mouth. 修辞之明喻手法在读后续写中的应用 教材原句　They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.它们个头跟小狗差不多，看起来像只大黑鼠。(P20) 在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻这一修辞方法，从而增加故事情节的生动性。明喻主要用到的词有like，as，as if等。 (1)我的老板烟瘾很大(像烟囱一样抽烟)。 My boss smokes like a chimney. (2)他脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。 The smile on his face shone like a diamond. (3)我感觉就像自己漂浮在悲伤的海洋中。 I feel like/as if I were floating in an ocean of sadness. (4)我伸手去摸他的脸，他的脸像冰一样冷。 I reached out to touch his face，which was as cold as ice. Ⅰ.一词多义 trunk A.树干　B.象鼻　C.大箱子　D.躯干 1．Don’t carry that heavy trunk by yourself，or you’ll get tired. C 2．The tree trunk was hollow inside. A 3．The trunk is the main part of the human body apart from the head，arms and legs. D 4．There is something wrong with the trunk of the baby elephant. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Have you been hatching up a deal with her？vt.密谋 2．I want to buy a dress which is a violent pink.adj.鲜艳夺目的 3．It started to rain heavily，so we dived into the nearest cafe.vi.冲；奔 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．With a driving license，I have the freedom to go(go) where I like most. 2．Such mammals have a wide distribution(distribute) in the mountain areas. 3．I have an urge to take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently(frequent)． 4．With thirteen sessions finished(finish)，I finally got a swimming license. 5．The chairwoman spent an hour or so selecting(select) a pair of suitable leather shoes. 6．Today I will go to a nearby store where there are a range of handkerchiefs. 7．The salesman doesn’t know what he should do with the new product. 8．There are only a small handful of people on the earth that/who can do that. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．I have great difficulty finding my way to the minister’s house，so could you please tell me his address? 2．I felt guilty because I had forgotten to pick you up at the airport yesterday. 3．What made me disappointed and upset was that only a handful of people supported the foundation of a new club. 4．I came across one of my old friends when I was walking in the street the other day. 5．It has been declared that the activity consisting of three parts is a great success. Ⅲ.完成句子(中国特有的动物——华南虎the South China tiger) 1．谈及濒危动物，我不得不提及华南虎。 When it comes to endangered animals，I have to mention the South China tiger. 2．它主要分布在中国南方的热带雨林。 It is mainly distributed in the tropical rainforest of the south of China. 3．在自然保护区里它们可以自由地做它们喜欢的事情。 They can be free to do what they like in the nature reserves. 4．尽管保护濒危动物占据许多时间和精力，但我们应该承担这份责任。 Although protecting endangered animals takes up a lot of time and energy，we should shoulder the responsibility. 5．结果显示，在政府和个人的共同努力下，它的数量在慢慢上升。 It comes out that its number is rising slowly with the joint efforts of the government and individuals. Ⅳ.完形填空 (2023·山东日照高二期末) The last time Jack Hanson took an airplane，he was a junior at the University of Vermont.To return from a term abroad in Copenhagen，he flew from Denmark， 1 in Iceland，and landed in New York. But the next term，one of his professors asked students to 2 their individual energy usage.And when Mr Hanson did the 3 ，he realized that just one leg of that international flight 4 more energy，and more greenhouse gas emissions，than all the other things that year 5 —the driving and heating and lighting and eating and everything else. He was 6 .“I just couldn’t 7 it，” he says.“It really is an extreme.It’s an extreme amount of energy，an extreme amount of 8 .” So Mr Hanson decided to stop 9 .Since then，he has traveled by train and bike and car，and has even written a song about the 10 of getting home to Chicago on an overnight bus.But he has not been on an airplane. And he has never found travel more 11 ，he says.He knows that some people find this hard to 12 ，including many friends and family members.They decide Mr Hanson’s approach is 13 . Go more 14 ，and travel begins to return to what it once was：a slow change of one place to another，a sense of space，an unwinding of time. “Once you’ve tasted this way of 15 ，you understand what it’s all about，” he says. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了杰克·汉森了解到坐飞机非常污染环境和耗能以后，决定不再坐飞机旅行了。这让他获得了许多快乐。 1．A.pulled B．stopped C．stayed D．played 答案　B 解析　根据后文“in Iceland，and landed in New York”可知，此处指在冰岛停留。故选B。 2．A.judge B．consider C．calculate D．reduce 答案　C 解析　根据后文“he realized that...everything else”可知，一位教授要求学生计算他们个人的能源使用情况。故选C。 3．A.performance B．research C．experiment D．math 答案　D 解析　上文提到一位教授要求学生计算他们个人的能源使用情况，所以这里是计算，do the math表示“计算”。故选D。 4．A.accounted for B．called for C．figured out D．turned out 答案　A 解析　根据上文的individual energy usage以及后文“more energy，and more greenhouse gas emissions”可知，此处是对能源使用情况的说明，指仅国际航班的一段航程所占的能源消耗和温室气体排放比重，account for(数量上)占。故选A。 5．A.listed B．combined C．separated D．bought 答案　B 解析　根据句意以及“all the other things that year”可知，此处指能源消耗和温室气体排放超过其他活动的总和，故选B。 6．A.shocked B．embarrassed C．entertained D．bored 答案　A 解析　根据后文“It really is an extreme.It’s an extreme amount of”可知，他对结果十分吃惊。故选A。 7．A.explain B．make C．refuse D．manage 答案　A 解析　根据后文“It really is an extreme.It’s an extreme amount of”可知，他本人也无法解释这一情况是如何发生的。故选A。 8．A.pleasure B．waste C．money D．pollution 答案　D 解析　结合上文“more energy，and more greenhouse gas emissions”以及“It’s an extreme amount of energy”可知，此处与温室气体排放对应的是污染。故选D。 9．A.driving B．heating C．flying D．lighting 答案　C 解析　根据后文“Since then，he has traveled by train and bike and car”可知，他停止了坐飞机。故选C。 10．A.incidents B．stories C．disasters D．conditions 答案　B 解析　根据后文“of getting home to Chicago on an overnight bus”可知，此处指写了一首关于乘通宵公共汽车回到芝加哥的家的故事的歌。故选B。 11．A.joyful B．dangerous C．upset D．expensive 答案　A 解析　结合后文他鼓励人们不坐飞机旅行，可知他从未发现旅行如此快乐。故选A。 12．A.tell B．believe C．prove D．describe 答案　B 解析　根据上文“He knows that some people find this hard to”可知，这里指有些人难以相信他的做法。故选B。 13．A.delightful B．inflexible C．effective D．unreasonable 答案　D 解析　难以相信汉森的做法，是因为他们认为他的做法不合理。故选D。 14．A.carefully B．wildly C．slowly D．actively 答案　C 解析　根据后文“a slow change of one place to another”可知，这里指走得慢一点。故选C。 15．A.cooking B．resting C．relaxing D．traveling 答案　D 解析　根据上文“and travel begins to return to what it once was”可知，这里指旅行方式。故选D。 Ⅴ.语法填空 The Yangtze River，China’s longest river,1. (rise) from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau，flows eastwards for 6,300 kilometers，eventually reaching Yuantuojiao，in Jiangsu Province in eastern China,2. it flows into the sea.A large amount of sediment(沉积物) 3. (carry) by the Yangtze River has been deposited here due to the tides.Gradually，the sandbar is becoming a growing and extending beach plain.It has also become 4. popular stopover(中途停留地) for a large number of wild birds. In the Yangtze River Delta to the north of Yuantuojiao，abundant rivers carry huge 5.________ (amount) of sediment to the sea.They also bring nutrients，piling up 6. (form) fertile coastlines and unique sandy ridges and sandbars.Around the coastline of the Yellow Sea in China，hundreds of kilometers of coastal wetlands and zones have formed.Every Spring and Autumn，nearly 3 million wild birds around the world stop here to reproduce 7. (they)． The Yangtze River Delta next to the Yellow Sea，is one of China’s most economically developed and densely populated regions.While the economy is developing rapidly，so far the environment has been protected well and a large number of coastal wetlands 8. (preserve)．This creates 9. (value) habitats for millions of wild birds and endangered species that are free 10. disturbance from the outside world. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最长的河流——长江。 1．答案　rising 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，rise在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语The Yangtze River之间构成主动关系，故应用现在分词形式。故填rising。 2．答案　where 解析　考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Yuantuojiao，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 3．答案　carried 解析　考查非谓语动词。sediment 和carry之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式作定语。故填carried。 4．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。stopover为可数名词，此处表泛指，应用不定冠词，且popular是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 5．答案　amounts 解析　考查名词的复数。短语huge amounts of表示“大量的”。故填amounts。 6．答案　to form 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，form在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处为不定式作结果状语，故填to form。 7．答案　themselves 解析　考查代词。此处指上文的“nearly 3 million wild birds”进行自我繁衍生息，应用反身代词。故填themselves。 8．答案　have been preserved 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据上文“so far”可知，应用现在完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为a large number of coastal wetlands，助动词用have。故填have been preserved。 9．答案　valuable 解析　考查形容词。修饰后文名词habitats，应用形容词valuable作定语。故填valuable。 10．答案　from/of 解析　考查介词。此处为固定短语be free from/of “不受……影响的；无……的”。故填from/of。 Ⅵ.读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 For as long as I could remember，I had wanted to travel into the Amazon jungle.During the last summer break at university，I decided to travel there.I didn’t have much money.So I found the least expensive flight to Lima，Peru.Once there，I planned on traveling to the town of La Merced.To get there，however，I had to take a taxi for the next fourteen hours. By the time I reached La Merced，I found a hotel and asked the man at the front desk if there were any travel routes into the jungle.His simple answer was “no”．In fact，there was no way to go farther into the jungle except by hiring a boat to travel down the Amazon.However，I found that an impossible choice. At that point，I decided to go out and get something to eat.I had walked less than a minute from the hotel when a rainstorm swept across the town.I raced ahead to the closest restaurant to get out of the rain. I took a table by myself and ordered a meal.I was very tired.I was also feeling sorry for myself.I had flown down to Peru and then taken a fourteen-hour journey in a taxi only to discover there was no way to get into the jungle. Then，I saw an old man.He headed over to my table.“Hi，my name’s Fritz，” he said in English.With a smile，I introduced myself and we talked for half an hour.I told him my story.He could see I was tired and unhappy，and his eyes softened as he listened. “Come with me and stay with me and my wife Helga at our home in the jungle.We have a coffee plantation(种植园) there.You can stay as long as you’d like.At six o’clock tomorrow morning，I’ll pick you up at the hotel and take you on a trip into the jungle，” Fritz said. “Thank you very much，” I said.“Six o’clock tomorrow morning.” Honestly，I didn’t expect he would appear. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 At 6：00 the next morning，I heard a car honking(鸣喇叭) outside my hotel. For the next five days，I was treated as a special guest in his home. 参考范文 At 6：00 the next morning，I heard a car honking outside my hotel.I looked out and found Fritz sitting in a truck with a big smile.I hopped into his truck，and we were off.Within minutes，we were out of La Merced and into the jungle.The road quickly became a rough dirt road.Branches swept over the windows and frightened birds took flight as we drove through forests.After a two-hour adventure，we emerged into a clearing with a wooden house and a large vegetable garden. For the next five days I was treated as a special guest in his home.Fritz’s wife Helga prepared meals for us.Fritz was more than anxious to show me around his coffee plantation.Their warmth and generosity were imprinted on my heart.When it came time to leave，Fritz drove me back to La Merced.As I said goodbye，I felt a wave of sadness wash over me.I realized I’d probably never see them again.I’d never forget the kindness of Fritz and Helga，and the amazing days I spent in their home. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$