Unit 2 Period 5 Using Language(2)—Reading for Writing-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Period 5　Using Language(2)—Reading for Writing Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．distribution　 A．lasting or intended to last only for a short time; not permanent 2．temporary B．a period of time that is spent doing a particular activity 3．phase C．the way that sth is shared or exists over a particular area 4．session D．to come out of an egg 5．capacity E．a stage in a process of change or development 6．hatch F．the ability to understand or to do sth 答案　1.C　2.A　3.E　4.B　5.F　6.D Ⅱ.选词填空 1．At the age of 15，he cooperated with a handful of well-known small bands. 2．The other day I heard of the news that he won the first prize in the contest. 3．A flock of birds flew towards us slowly from far away. 4．I came across my former English teacher on the street last night. 5．You looked like you had been in the fight—who gave you that black eye? Activity 1　课文理解 Read the text and do the following exercises. 1．Which animal is a symbol of Australia? A．The duck-billed platypus. B．The kangaroo. C．The koala. D．The Tasmanian devil. 答案　B 2．What’s the meaning of the word “tough” in the sentence “It’s a tough animal that has to survive in a difficult environment.” in the first part? A．Strong. B．Difficult. C．Demanding. D．Unlucky. 答案　A 3．What do koalas spend most of their time doing? A．Eating. B．Sleeping. C．Hanging onto tree trunks. D．All of the above. 答案　D 4．What can we know about the Tasmanian devils from the passage? A．They can easily be seen. B．They can make very loud noise. C．They can’t wake the dead. D．They don’t eat dead animals. 答案　B 5．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The kangaroos of Australia. B．The koalas of Australia. C．The duck-billed platypuses of Australia. D．The creatures unique to Australia. 答案　D 6．Which section will the text appear in the newspaper? A．Entertainment. B．Popular science. C．News. D．Fashion. 答案　B 7．What’s the structure of the passage? 答案　A Activity 2　文章架构 The outline of a description of an iconic animal is just like this： My favourite is a little creature called...(To introduce the topic) They are really quite cute，but the truth is，...are very...creatures who can...(To describe its appearance，habitat，food and behavior) This expresses...(To describe its uniqueness and symbolic value.) Activity 3　增分靓句 Find at least three rhetorical devices(修辞手法) the writer uses to arouse the readers’ interest. 1．This expresses the strength and resolve of the Australians as individuals and as a nation.(Part 1)metaphor 2．They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.(Part 3)simile 3．The noise they make could wake the dead.(Part 3)overstatement 4．While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird，it’s really a primitive mammal，with a unique biology.(Part 4)simile 本单元的写作任务是描述一个地方的代表性动物。这种类型的文章属于介绍类说明文，是对一种标志性动物进行说明或描述的写作。 它通常要求抓住该动物的主要特征进行描述，写作内容可以包括体态描述、栖息地、食物、现状等的说明，要求语言简明扼要，通俗易懂，描写详略得当。 常用表达 1．首段常用句式： It is a strange animal，which...while it may look like... 它是一种奇怪的动物，……，而它也许看起来像…… 2．中段常用句式： It is mainly distributed in...它主要分布在…… It feeds on...它以……为食。 With a wide distribution around the country，they are undoubtedly... 在全国范围内分布广泛，它们毫无疑问…… Having a population of...around the world，they are considered to be... 在全世界有……数量，它们被认为是…… While touring...，the chances are that you’ll come across... 在……旅行时，你很可能会遇到…… Being cute and tender，...are the symbol of... 既可爱又温和，……是……的象征。 Due to the destruction of natural habitat，the number of...has declined sharply. 由于自然栖息地的破坏，……的数量急剧下降。 It is generally two metres tall.它通常两米高。 It weighs about...kilos/tons. 它大约重……千克/吨。 3．尾段常用句式： Fortunately，the animal is friendly to people. 幸运的是，这种动物对人友好。 There are only a handful of animals in the world that can do that. 世界上能够做到这件事的动物屈指可数。 Remember，when you come across them，don’t touch them. 记住，当你遇到它们时，不要碰它们。 It’s time for the world organization to take measures to protect them from dying out. 是世界组织采取措施保护它们免于灭绝的时候了。 To protect the...，we should set up some nature reserves. 为了保护……，我们应该建立一些自然保护区。 假设你是李华，某国际英文杂志的 Iconic Animals 栏目正面向全球中学生举行征文活动，请你写一篇介绍大熊猫的英语短文应征。 1．主要习性； 2．现状； 3．独特/有趣之处。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第一步　审题谋篇 审题 1．文体：说明文； 2．时态：一般现在时为主； 3．人称：主要为第三人称。 谋篇 第一段：引出要介绍的标志性动物——大熊猫； 第二段：介绍大熊猫的外貌、栖息地、食物及习性； 第三段：描写大熊猫的独一无二和象征意义。 第二步　遣词造句 核心词汇 1．当谈及……When it comes to... 2．某人想到……sth comes to one’s mind 3．国宝national treasure 4．稀有物种rare species 5．以……为食feed/live on 6．栖息地丧失habitat loss 7．偷猎poaching 连词成句(含本单元句型) 1．一提到中国的代表性动物，我首先想到的绝对是一种被称作熊猫的生物。它是世界上最稀有的物种之一。 When it comes to China’s iconic animals，the first thing that comes to my mind definitely is a creature called pandas.It is one of the rarest species in the world. 2．它们安静而可爱，但事实是，它们实际上是凶猛的生物，它们会咆哮，声音就像火车穿过隧道一样。 They are quiet and lovely，but the truth is，they can actually be fierce creatures who can roar and the noise is like a train passing through a tunnel. 3．作为世界上最受喜爱的动物之一，大熊猫主要以竹子为食。竹子几乎占其饮食的99%。 As one of the most beloved animals in the world，pandas mainly feed on bamboo.Bamboo makes up almost 99% of their diet. 4．然而，栖息地的丧失和偷猎已经使大熊猫面临威胁。 However，habitat loss and poaching have put pandas under threat. 5．熊猫不仅是中国的国宝，而且还是和平大使。 The panda is not only a national treasure of China，but it also serves as a peace ambassador. 第三步　句式升级 1．请用定语从句升级句1。 When it comes to China’s iconic animals，the first thing that comes to my mind definitely is a creature called pandas which is one of the rarest species in the world. 2．请用非谓语升级句3。 As one of the most beloved animals in the world，pandas mainly feed on bamboo，making up almost 99% of their diet. 3．请用倒装句升级句5。 Not only is the panda a national treasure of China，but it also serves as a peace ambassador. 第四步　组句成篇 用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。 范文赏读 When it comes to China’s iconic animals，the first thing that comes to my mind definitely is a creature called pandas which is one of the rarest species in the world. They are quiet and lovely，but the truth is，they can actually be fierce creatures who can roar and the noise is like a train passing through a tunnel.As one of the most beloved animals in the world，pandas mainly feed on bamboo，making up almost 99% of their diet.However，habitat loss and poaching have put pandas under threat. Not only is the panda a national treasure of China，but it also serves as a peace ambassador.Thus，it’s of great importance for us to treasure our lovely friends. 根据以下提示写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。 1．栖息地：中国； 2．外貌：金黄色，有点灰；尾巴和身体一样长； 3．生活环境：海拔1 500～3 000米的森林； 4．生活习性：群居；吃水果、干果；在树上活动； 5．它们的数量减少了；呼吁人们保护金丝猴。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 The Golden Monkey Golden monkeys live in China.They are protected by Chinese government. Their fur is golden and a bit grey.Their tails are as long as their bodies.The male golden monkeys are big and strong while the female ones are much smaller.Golden monkeys live in forests which are 1,500－3,000 meters above the sea level.They like living in family groups and they feed on fruits，nuts，tree leaves and so on.But now their population is getting smaller and smaller.Our government has built some nature reserves to make them live in a protected environment. We hope more and more people will understand the importance of protecting golden monkeys. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A LONDON(AP)—Thousands of Britain’s iconic red phone boxes will be protected from removal under new rules，the UK’s telecommunications regulator said Tuesday.The public payphone boxes may look like out-of-date relics in an age of common smartphones，but regulator Ofcom said they can still be a “lifeline” for people in need. The regulator is proposing rules to prevent 5,000 call boxes in areas with poor mobile coverage from being closed down.It said that phone booths in areas considered accident or suicide hotspots，and those that have had more than 52 calls made from them in the past 12 months，would also meet the criteria. Ofcom said there are still around 21,000 phone boxes across the country，and that almost 150,000 calls to emergency services were made from phone boxes from May 2019 to May 2020.Some 45,000 calls were also made to other helplines like the Samaritans. “Some of the call boxes we plan to protect are used to make relatively low numbers of calls.But if one of those calls is from an unhappy child，or an accident victim or someone trying to kill himself，that public phone line can be a lifeline at a time of great need，” said Selina Chadha，Ofcom’s director of connectivity.“We also want to make sure that people without mobile coverage，often in rural areas，can still make calls，” she added. BT Group，formerly British Telecom，says nearly half of the phone boxes in the UK have been removed due to the growth of the mobile phone industry.It said even if a phone box is scheduled for decommission，it can be adopted by its local community under a plan that lets governments or organizations buy the call box for just￡1.So far more than 6,000 booths have been changed into mini community libraries，art galleries or storage units for life-saving public defibrillators(心脏除颤器)． 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国如何挽救成千上万的红色电话亭。 1．Why is Britain making new regulations? A．To reduce accident rates. B．To popularize cellphones. C．To increase calls from the boxes. D．To protect its public phone boxes. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，英国电信监管部门宣布英国的标志性红色电话亭将会受新规定的保护免受拆除。故选D。 2．What does the author intend to clarify in paragraph 3? A．The overuse of emergency services. B．The coverage of public phone boxes. C．The importance of public phone boxes. D．The sharp drop in calls from the boxes. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段“英国通信管理局表示，全国仍有约2.1万个电话亭，2019年5月至2020年5月期间，从电话亭拨打的紧急服务电话近15万个。另外，撒马利亚人等热线也接到了约4.5万个电话。”可知，第三段用数字说明公用电话亭仍被频繁使用，以此来说明公用电话亭的重要性。故选C。 3．What can we infer about the to-be-removed phone boxes according to BT Group? A．They will cover the communities. B．They will be adapted for different uses. C．They will be sold cheaply to the locals. D．They will serve as government agencies. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知，它们将被整改用于其他方面。故选B。 4．What is the text? A．A news report. B．A travel guide. C．A research paper. D．A journal entry. 答案　A 解析　文章体裁题。根据文章首句“LONDON(AP)—Thousands of Britain’s iconic red phone boxes will be protected...” 推测文章是一篇新闻报道。故选A。 B Few marsupials(有袋哺乳动物) have gone from survival to the edge of extinction as quickly as the Kangaroo Island dunnart(狭足袋鼩)． In 2019 and 2020，fires burned nearly 10 million hectares of southeastern Australia.The flames threatened hundreds of species with extinction，but the Kangaroo Island dunnart—which already numbered less than 500 before the fires—seemed to be one that was beyond expectations in the aftermath(后果)．But now these rare creatures may be more at risk than ever，researchers say on June 16 in Scientific Reports.The danger，as domestic as it sounds，is getting eaten by a cat. As of 2008，invasive wildcats had contributed to at least 13 percent of extinctions worldwide.That’s one reason why the government has been euthanizing (安乐死) wildcats on Kangaroo Island for years.The scientists who conducted the dunnart study knew all this—but when they studied the remains of wildcats euthanized in 2020，they were still surprised by what they saw：Seven out of 86 wildcats had recently dined on dunnart. “We were not expecting to find so many，” says Louis Lignereux，a field researcher at the University of Adelaide School of Animal and Veterinary Science.“It’s particularly bad news，” he says，“if you think of what was in the wildcats as only a brief description of what they ate in the last 36 hours.” Taking that into account，those seven wildcats alone could have eaten enough to wipe out the Kangaroo Island dunnart within a few months，if they had survived—and there are hundreds of other wildcats on the island. A small habitat makes the dunnarts especially vulnerable.It’s like putting all your eggs in one basket，Lignereux says.Since the fires，the Kangaroo Island dunnart is thought to now live in an area about one-tenth of the size of Manhattan.“If something happened to this spot，” he says，“then the dunnart is gone forever.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了澳大利亚的狭足袋鼩面临灭绝的危险，并介绍了相关研究和发现。 5．What can we infer about the Kangaroo Island dunnarts from the text? A．Their small habitat has rich species. B．They and wildcats killed each other. C．The wildcats led to the extinction of them. D．They were hardly influenced by the big fire. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The flames threatened hundreds of species with extinction，but the Kangaroo Island dunnart—which already numbered less than 500 before the fires—seemed to be one that was beyond expectations in the aftermath(后果)．”可推知，袋鼠岛的狭足袋鼩几乎没有受到大火的影响。故选D。 6．How did the researchers find the real cause of the sharp reduction of dunnarts? A．By analyzing their habitat. B．By consulting the experts. C．By referring to precious data. D．By studying the remains of dead wildcats. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The scientists who conducted...Seven out of 86 wildcats had recently dined on dunnart.”可知，研究人员通过研究死去野猫的遗骸发现狭足袋鼩急剧减少的真正原因。故选D。 7．Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “vulnerable” in the last paragraph? A．At risk. B．Hard to be fed. C．Easy to survive. D．Sensitive to the environment. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文内容可知，狭小的栖息地使狭足袋鼩处于危险中。故画线词意思是“处于危险中”。故选A。 8．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．What environment do dunnarts favor? B．Why do wildcats dine on the dunnarts? C．Why do dunnarts possibly face extinction? D．What measures should be taken to kill wildcats? 答案　C 解析　标题归纳题。根据第一段“Few marsupials (有袋哺乳动物) have gone...as the Kangaroo Island dunnart(狭足袋鼩)．”并结合下文的相关研究和发现可知，C选项“为什么狭足袋鼩可能面临灭绝？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 C Air travel can be a real headache.But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore，you’re in for a wonderful treat. The main attraction is the Jewel，a glass building featuring the world’s tallest indoor waterfall，known as the HSBC Rain Vortex.The 130-foot-tall waterfall uses rainwater that drops seven stories down from the roof.When the water hits the floor，it travels through a large funnel(漏斗)，creating an inverted (倒转的) waterfall for two levels in the airport located below the ground level. The effect is most amazing at night when the waterfall is the centerpiece of a 360-degree light and audio exhibit.The Rain Vortex was designed by Los Angeles-based design firm WET.Design director Peter Kopik explained，“It’s like the roof is pouring in and the building is getting completed in liquid form.” If the Rain Vortex isn’t enough to attract you to have a stop at Changi Airport，perhaps the Shiseido Forest Valley will.It is spread out across five levels and reaches 100-foot high，with multiple trails for guests to explore.It’s filled with more than 900 trees and about 60,000 shrubs.Special species from China，the United States，and Australia were chosen because they’re most likely to survive the structure’s temperature，humidity(湿度)，and sun exposure. At the top of the forest is Canopy Park，where people can get different views of the Rain Vortex.There are additional gardens，activities，and restaurants to explore. The Jewel is located near Terminal 1 in an area that used to be a parking lot.The attraction covers 1.46 million square feet.It was constructed specifically to attract more tourists to the airport and make it one of the most desirable places to kill time between flights.After all，wouldn’t you rather explore an indoor forest and waterfall for a few hours instead of sitting in a crowded airport lounge with just your smartphone for entertainment? 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新加坡的樟宜机场的特色景观。 9．What is the feature of the HSBC Rain Vortex? A．It has a capacity of 130 shops. B．It is the tallest waterfall in the world. C．It uses rainwater collected from the roof. D．Its light and audio effects work all day long. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，HSBC Rain Vortex的特色是这个室内瀑布的水是通过收集屋顶的雨水得来的。故选C。 10．Why could the special plants from different regions survive in the Forest Valley? A．Because they are well attended to. B．Because they prefer to live in tropical areas. C．Because they could avoid the danger of extinction. D．Because they could adapt to the environmental conditions there. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，来自不同地区的很多特殊树种能够在森林谷生存，主要原因是这些植物可以适应那里的环境条件，故选D。 11．What was the purpose of constructing the Jewel? A．To enhance the volume of tourists. B．To make it the most desirable place of interest. C．To offer more convenient services to the aged. D．To show the comprehensive national power of Singapore. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知，该景点的建造是为了吸引更多的游客也就是增加游客量。故选A。 12．What’s the writer’s attitude to the Changi Airport in Singapore? A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Neutral. 答案　B 解析　观点态度题。根据第一段中“But if you happen to have a stop at Changi Airport in Singapore，you’re in for a wonderful treat.”以及全文可知，作者以支持的态度对新加坡樟宜机场做了介绍，描述了其独特之处。故选B。 Ⅱ.七选五 When I visited my brother Selva，who lives in Australia，he took me to a must-visit place—the National Art Gallery. 1 The National Art Gallery was located at the heart of the city.There was no entrance charge and the architecture was both impressive and unique.There were many types of paintings on display based on the painters’ country of origin，which were categorized into Asian，Aboriginal (native Australian painters) and Caucasian(高加索人)．I estimated that at least a thousand paintings were on display.The painters ranged from the most experienced to the amateur ones. 2 The quality and the imagination of the painters despite being young，were breathtaking. 3 There is a sad history that surrounds the natives of Australia.When the white settlers came to Australia in the 19th century，it was inhabited by natives.Most of the children of the aboriginals were taken away from their parents and brought up by white parents.Some of the paintings expressed this theme，which moved me to tears. Since it was a public holiday，the gallery was crowded with students，parents and their children. 4 The price of paintings almost made me faint.They ranged from AUS $1,500 to a few million Australian dollars! It was such a huge display of paintings that I was sure the government must have paid big sums of money to purchase these works of art. 5 Now I left Australia but the memory of that day still haunts(萦绕) me.It is really an attraction worth visiting. A．Selva knew I was an amateur painter. B．So you couldn’t experience a more exciting trip! C．The paintings in it varied from culture to culture. D．I was most impressed by the aboriginal paintings. E．After three hours I was tired yet refreshed by the visit. F．There was even a section where paintings by Art students were on display. G．It was amazing to see even small children appreciating such abstract paintings. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者拜访住在澳大利亚的哥哥塞尔瓦时，他们一同参观美术馆的经历。 1．答案　A 解析　根据前文可知，本段交代了作者去拜访住在澳大利亚的哥哥塞尔瓦时，他带作者去了一个必去的地方——国家美术馆。因此推测，空处应该是哥哥塞尔瓦带作者去美术馆的原因。A选项“Selva knew I was an amateur painter.”符合题意，故选A。 2．答案　F 解析　根据后文“The quality and the imagination of the painters despite being young，were breathtaking.”可知，此处介绍的是年轻画家的画作。故推测，F选项“There was even a section where paintings by Art students were on display.”符合题意，故选F。 3．答案　D 解析　根据后文“There is a sad history that surrounds the natives of Australia.”可知，本段介绍的是土著绘画。D选项“I was most impressed by the aboriginal paintings.”符合题意，故选D。 4．答案　G 解析　根据前文“Since it was a public holiday，the gallery was crowded with students，parents and their children.”可知，此处主要介绍的是看展览的观众。G选项“It was amazing to see even small children appreciating such abstract paintings.”符合题意，故选G。 5．答案　E 解析　根据后文“Now I left Australia but the memory...worth visiting.”可知，本段介绍的是作者对于这一次经历的感悟。E选项“After three hours I was tired yet refreshed by the visit.”符合题意，故选E。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$