Unit 2 Period 2 Language Points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Period 2　Reading and Thinking—Language Points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Just because of some small matters，the two butchers(屠夫) conflicted with each other. 2．He found a temporary job in the nearby bakery(面包厂) to earn some extra money. 3．The boys had a barbecue(烧烤) near the woods as well as seeing some koalas. 4．We are sure to get over the temporary difficulties with joint efforts. 5．The sound of the horn vibrated(使振动) my ear drum and almost deafened me. 6．Their slogan was quite straightforward，which said，“Like it and buy it.” 7．The Minister of Education has weighed pros and cons of the newly-made policy. 8．Every worker will be entitled(使享有权利) to four weeks’ paid holiday on a yearly basis. 9．My cute niece said excitedly，“Look! The ducks are diving(潜水) and surfacing again several meters away.” 10．The exhibition was sponsored(赞助) by the chairwoman of the international corporate sponsors. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．The founder had great trouble founding the charity organization in 1985.But since its foundation，the organization has grown enormously.(found) 2．A great politician should be good at politics and has his own unique political opinions.(politics) 3．Located in the center of the city，the restaurant is popular because of its good location.(locate) 4．In my free time I have the freedom to choose my favorite books.(free) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．它的总陆地面积为16 808平方公里，其中山区占52%。 Its total land area is 16,808 square kilometers，among which the mountain areas account for 52%. 2．迄今为止，没有人认领在图书馆里发现的钱。 So far nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library. 3．手边有本词典，我可以方便地在词典里查阅不熟悉的英语单词。 With a dictionary in hand，I can look unfamiliar English words up in it conveniently. 4．当坐在教室里做试卷时，我感到精力旺盛，信心十足。 While sitting in the classroom and doing my papers，I felt confident and was full of energy. 5．据宣布，中国已制定发展更先进技术的计划。 It is declared that China has made some plans to develop more advanced technologies. impression n．印象(impress vt.给……以深刻印象impressive adj.给人印象深刻的) ·make/leave an impression on/upon给……留下印象 ·be impressed with/by对……有深刻印象 impress sth on/upon sb使某人牢记某事 (1)Your impressive(impress) speech moved the audience and tears of excitement streamed down their cheeks. (2)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写) 越野赛后，大卫激动地对我说：“正是你使我牢记跟随我内心的重要性。” After the cross-country run, David said excitedly to me，“It is you that impress the importance of following my heart on/upon me.” (3)(2022·浙江，读后续写)我的项目给我的老师们留下了深刻印象，这使我笑得合不拢嘴。 ①My project made/left a deep impression on/upon my teachers，which made me grin from ear to ear.(impression) ②My teachers were deeply impressed with/by my project，which made me grin from ear to ear.(impress) located adj.处于，位于；坐落在[locate vt.找出……的位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于) location n．地点；位置] be located in/on/at/to位于；坐落于 (1)Whenever you move to a new area，you should remember the specific locations(locate) of the automatic fire alarm and the two exits nearest your room. (2)中国位于赤道以北，太平洋西岸。 China is located to the north of the equator，and it is also located on the west of the Pacific Ocean. (3)这个农场被绿树环绕，坐落在我们学校附近的山脚下。 Surrounded by green trees，the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. (4)位于中国南方，广州的特色是漫长而炎热的夏季。 Located in the south of China，Guangzhou features a long and hot summer. refer to...as... 称……为……(reference n．提及；涉及；参考) ·refer to指的是；提到，说到，涉及；查阅，参考 refer...to...把……委托/交付给…… ·in/with reference to关于 注意：(1)refer的过去式、过去分词和动词-ing形式都要先双写“r”，再加上“-ed”或“-ing”。 (2)refer to表示“查阅”时，后接词典、参考书等；而look up表示“查阅”时，后接要查阅的具体内容。 (1)(2021·新高考全国 Ⅰ，书面表达)关于英文报Youth，我想和大家分享一些东西。就个人而言，这份报纸被视为最有用的英语学习工具。例如，当你渴望了解西方节日时，你可以查阅外国文化版块。 In/With reference to the English newspaper Youth，I have something to share with you.Personally speaking，the newspaper is referred to as the most useful English learning tool.For example，when you have an urge to learn about western festivals，you can refer to the column of foreign cultures. (2)如果你与你的同学有冲突，你可以把这件事交付给你的班主任。 If you conflict with your classmates，you can refer the matter to your head teacher. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)每当你遇到一些生词时，我强烈建议你查阅你的英语词典。 ①Whenever you come across some unfamiliar words，I strongly suggest that you (should) refer to your English dictionary. ②Whenever you come across some unfamiliar words，I strongly suggest that you (should) look them up in your English dictionary. joint n．关节；公共场所 adj.联合的；共同的[ join v．连接；加入(组织等)] ·with joint efforts在共同的努力下 ·join...to...把……和……连接起来 注意：参加活动要用take part in或者participate in；而参加会议、讲座等要用attend；加入组织用join。 (1)新建的高铁把济南和郑州连接起来，使得人们可以在两小时之内往返于这两座城市。 The new high-speed railway joins Jinan to Zhengzhou，making it possible for people to travel between the two cities within two hours. (2)(话题写作之环境保护)只有在共同的努力下我们才能建立低碳社会。 Only with joint efforts can we build a low-carbon society. (3)(应用文写作之申请信)我写信申请加入志愿者俱乐部去帮助有困难的人。 I am writing to apply to join the volunteer club to help the people in need. (4)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)小镇的七所不同小学的学生参加了这次大型越野长跑，他们的眼睛兴奋得闪闪发光。 Students from seven different primary schools in the small town participated in/took part in the big cross-country run and their eyes twinkled with excitement. (5)(应用文写作之道歉信)我很抱歉不能去机场接你，因为那时我有一场重要的会议要参加。 I am sorry for not being able to meet you at the airport because I have an important meeting to attend at that time. on the other hand 另一方面 ·on (the) one hand...；on the other hand...一方面……；另一方面(却)…… ·first(ly)...；second(ly)．..第一……；第二…… ·for one thing...；for another... 一则……；二则…… 注意：on (the) one hand...；on the other hand...用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。另外，on the other hand也可以单独使用。 (1)(2021·全国甲，书面表达)我渴望组织好这次主题班会，但另一方面我有点焦虑。 I have an urge to organize the theme class meeting well，but on the other hand I am a bit anxious. (2)(2021·浙江，读后续写)我手里拿着辛苦挣的钱，一方面，我渴望买我最喜爱的玩具。另一方面，责任感驱使我冲回家把钱交给我父母。 With my hard-earned money in my hand，on (the) one hand，I was eager to buy my favorite toy.On the other hand，a sense of responsibility drove me to rush home to hand in my money to my parents. (3)(应用文写作之建议信)以下是我的建议。第一，和你的朋友和老师分享你的感受是一个好的选择。第二，何不经常锻炼身体呢？ The following are my suggestions.First(ly)，sharing your feelings with your friends and teachers is a good choice.Second(ly)，why not take exercise on a regular basis？ (4)(话题写作之传统文化)上周日我校举行了中国传统文化展。一则，它能使来访者更好地理解中国传统；二则，它能使来访者感受中国文化的独特之美。 A Traditional Chinese Culture Fair was held by our school last Sunday.For one thing，it enabled visitors to understand Chinese traditions better.For another，it made visitors feel the unique beauty of Chinese culture. breathe vi.呼吸(breath n．呼吸breathless adj.气喘吁吁的) ·breathe in/out吸入/呼出 breathe a sigh of relief松了口气 ·hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 take a deep breath深呼吸 out of breath上气不接下气 (1)He was surprised to find he became breathless(breath) easily because of too much smoking. (2)我们每天吸入氧气，呼出二氧化碳。 We breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide every day. (3)当听说他的侄女脱离了危险时，他松了口气。 When hearing that his niece was out of danger，he breathed a sigh of relief. (4)我屏住呼吸，一步也不敢动。 I held my breath，not daring to move an inch. (5)这名年轻人潜入深水之前深深吸了口气。 The young man took a deep breath before diving into the deep water. (6)(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)由于担心我生病的搭档，我上气不接下气地跑进病房询问他的健康状况。 Concerned about my sick partner，I came running into the ward，out of breath，and asked him about his state of health. convinced adj.坚信的；深信不疑的(convincing adj.令人信服的convince v．使相信；说服) ·be convinced of/that...相信…… ·convince sb of sth/that...使某人相信…… convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事 (1)With so much convincing(convince) evidence，I will convince you of my capacity. (2)我已经说服我们的校长赞助此次中学生艺术节以丰富我们的校园生活。 I have convinced our headmaster to sponsor the Middle School Student Art Festival to enrich our campus life. (3)(2022·天津，书面表达)我深信通过加入我们的英语口语俱乐部你一定会提高你的英语口语。 I am greatly convinced that you are certain to improve your oral English by joining our Spoken English Club. contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；捐助(contribution n．贡献；捐献) ·contribute to 有助于；促成；导致 contribute sth to...把某物捐献给…… ·make contributions/a contribution to...对……做出贡献 (1)我呼吁所有学生向地震灾区捐赠钱或衣服。 I appeal to all the students to contribute money or clothes to earthquake-stricken areas. (2)(话题写作之传统文化)我很自豪能为传播中国文化做出贡献。我相信我的努力会有助于增进外国人对中国的了解。 I was proud to make contributions/a contribution to spreading Chinese culture.I am convinced that my efforts will contribute to strengthening foreigners’ understanding of China. 状语从句的省略 教材原句　To play the didgeridoo，you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips.吹奏迪吉里杜管时，把嘴巴靠在一端，一边吹气，一边振动嘴唇。(P15) 此句中while vibrating your lips是状语从句的省略，补全后为while you are vibrating your lips。 状语从句省略的条件 ①when，while，though，even if，unless，if，as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it； ②状语从句谓语中含有be动词。 省略句的形式 省略从句中的主语和be动词。 (1)尽管这些天沉浸在书中，但我还是加入了几个学生俱乐部来提高自己。 Though buried in books these days，I have still joined several student clubs in order to improve myself. (2)(2021·全国甲，书面表达)如果可能的话，你可以告诉我哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国人吗？ If possible，could you please tell me which traditional Chinese cultures attract foreigners most? (3)(读后续写之肢体动作描写)他不停地动嘴唇好像要说什么，但最终没说一句话。 He kept moving his lips as if to say something，but didn’t utter a word in the end. (4)这位女士年轻的时候喜欢写诗和画画。 When young，the lady enjoyed writing poems and drawing. Ⅰ.一词多义 joint A.n.关节　B.adj.共同的　C.n.场所 1．Thanks to our joint efforts，the science fiction was published smoothly. B 2．The virus causes fever and joint pain but it is not fatal. A 3．He once worked in that illegal gambling joint which was closed down by the police. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．In space，even the most straightforward，everyday tasks can be quite difficult for astronauts.adj.简单的 2．Hangzhou is an attractive getaway for tourists from all over the country.n.适合度假的地方 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Though located(locate) in the center of the city，the bakery doesn’t sell cake very well. 2．The island turns out to be easy to go to because it is joined to the mainland by a bridge. 3．My niece preferred walking in the morning，when the air is good to breathe(breath)． 4．Only if we work hard on a daily basis can we make great contributions(contribute) to our society. 5．Unexpectedly，the chairwoman with integrity and dignity supported what I had put forward. 6．Having got my salary，I couldn’t wait to buy(buy) the leather shoes I had been looking forward to. 7．I majored in politics，so I could analyse the pros and cons of the current political situation. 8．Since he took over the company，more profits have been made(make) than ever before. 9．To study(study) maths better，I have decided to take an online class on a weekly basis. 10．I don’t know how to choose(choose) a good lamp，so could you do me a favor? Ⅱ.选词填空 1．The chairwoman promised to keep in contact with me regularly. 2．I was convinced of the salesman’s innocence and I determined to defend him. 3．I admire his way of life and I have an urge to travel all over the world. 4．Wandering on the grassland，I feel at home and relax myself to my heart’s content. 5．The animals in the science fiction story are native to China. Ⅲ.完成句子(中国的标志性动物——藏羚羊) 1．藏羚羊的下层绒毛被称作世界上最柔软、最暖和的毛。 The Tibetan antelopes’ undercoat is referred to as the softest，warmest wool in the world. 2．藏羚羊可高达4英尺，它们总是给人留下深刻的印象。 Tibetan antelopes stand about four feet high and they always leave/make a deep impression on/upon people. 3．它们的家园位于中国西藏地区。 Their homes are located in the Tibetan region in China. 4．现在它们的数量急剧下降。一则，它们的自然栖息地被破坏了；再则，许多人非法狩猎它们。 Now their number is decreasing rapidly.For one thing，their natural habitats are destroyed.For another，many people hunt them illegally. 5．但是人们认为中国人会通过共同努力保护它们免于灭绝。 But it is believed that Chinese people will protect them from dying out with joint efforts. Ⅳ.阅读理解 People of all cultures have special stories they pass down.Aboriginal Australians have a long history of telling stories.They call it “Dreaming”．Many Dreaming stories are thousands of years old. Europeans came to Australia in 1788.At that time，Aboriginal people had been there for 60,000 years.There were 270 tribes(部落)，and each one spoke a different language.Only tribal members were allowed to take part in Dreaming.If they drew symbols during Dreaming，tribal members had to erase them.Most people drew these symbols in the dirt.That way，they could erase them after Dreaming. When Europeans moved into Australia，they wanted the Aboriginal people to become more like them.In 1959，they built a town called Papunya.They asked Aboriginal tribes to move there.In Papunya，the Europeans hoped the Aboriginal people would become part of European culture.However，Aboriginal people wanted to hold on to their own cultures.That was difficult in Papunya.The tribes were also living with each other for the first time.Slowly，parts of each tribe’s culture began to die out.Today，only 18 of the 270 languages remain strong. Still，Aboriginal people held on to their Dreaming stories.In 1971，a group of students in Papunya shared their stories with each other during an art class.Their teacher noticed what they were doing.He wanted them to use the symbols in their artworks. However，they wanted to protect their tradition.To do so，they hid their Dreaming symbols in the dots of each painting.That way，only other people from their tribe could truly understand the message of the painting.Soon，the practice of Aboriginal dot painting became widespread.Aboriginal dot paintings can’t be fully understood by outsiders.However，many still enjoy the paintings as art.Dot painting became popular in the late 20th century.Today，Aboriginal artists continue to conceal their Dreaming symbols. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了澳洲土著居民讲故事的技能与历史，后来他们把故事中的一些特征符号隐藏于绘画中，发展了“土著点画”艺术。 1．What do we know about Dreaming stories? A．They were kept secret from other tribes. B．They interested the Europeans very much. C．They were created to fight the Europeans. D．They were about the Aboriginals’ history. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的 “Only tribal members were allowed to take part in Dreaming...erase them after Dreaming”可知，这些故事是对别的部落保密的。故选A。 2．What influence did the Europeans have on Aboriginal Australians? A．Some of their tribes disappeared forever. B．Some of their tribes’ culture disappeared. C．All the tribes began to speak the same language. D．The tribes couldn’t live a peaceful life together. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Slowly，parts of each tribe’s culture began to die out.”可知，欧洲人在当地建立帕普尼亚城，他们使土著居民的一些部落文化逐渐灭亡。故选B。 3．Who created the first Aboriginal dot painting? A．A teacher. B．The Europeans. C．Aboriginal artists. D．A group of students in Papunya. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段及第五段前四句可知，一群在帕普尼亚的学生创作了第一幅土著点画。故选D。 4．What does the underlined word “conceal” in the last paragraph mean? A．Use. B．Change. C．Hide. D．Paint. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“However，they wanted to protect their tradition.To do so，they hid their Dreaming symbols in the dots of each painting.”及最后一句“Today，Aboriginal artists continue to conceal their Dreaming symbols.”中的“continue to”可知，画线词conceal与hide(隐藏)意思接近。故选C。 Ⅴ.完形填空 Can you remember the first time you received a generous act? I can’t，but I 1 remember the first time I understood the meaning of generosity. I was in Grade Four.Fred was a boy in my class who lived in difficult conditions.His parents couldn’t afford to buy him all the stationary(文具) that he needed，and one of the basic items he 2 was colored pencils.So every time we needed to use colored pencils，Fred would 3 some of mine. Knowing this，my mother said it must have been hard for him to always 4 others.Instead of driving home，she drove directly to the closest stationery shop and had me 5 some for Fred. The next day I was sent to school with these things and was told to give them to Fred in 6 ；I shouldn’t cause Fred to feel 7 ，but should just give them to him and tell him they were his to 8 .Receiving these，Fred looked 9 at first，then happy and proud.He had his own stationery! To me，it’s okay to let Fred use my pencils.However，my mom realized what a 10 it would make for Fred to have his own.Generosity is 11 an opportunity to do something within your 12 .Besides，it’s never limited to material things.Thinking creatively and sharing 13 to help others find solutions are also acts of generosity.Give someone your time and 14 by listening mindfully.More importantly，it isn’t doing something to be seen but giving with no 15 of anything in exchange. 语篇解读　这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在四年级的时候在母亲的引导下给予同学弗雷德文具的善意举动，这使作者第一次懂得了慷慨的含义。 1．A.vaguely B．hardly C．clearly D．typically 答案　C 解析　根据下文的描述可知，作者清晰地记得第一次懂得慷慨的含义。故选C。 2．A.owned B．lost C．mentioned D．lacked 答案　D 解析　根据前文“His parents couldn’t afford to buy him all the stationary(文具) that he needed”可知，他的家庭买不起他需要的所有文具，所以此处指他缺的东西就是彩色铅笔。故选D。 3．A.borrow B．collect C．show D．exchange 答案　A 解析　根据前文可知，弗雷德家里买不起文具，所以此处指当他需要的时候，他就会借用作者的铅笔。故选A。 4．A.test out B．rely on C．cheer for D．appeal to 答案　B 解析　根据前文“every time we needed to use colored pencils，Fred would some of mine”可知，每次他需要彩色铅笔时就会借用作者的，所以此处指依赖他人。故选B。 5．A.design B．remember C．select D．recommend 答案　C 解析　结合前文“she drove directly to the closest stationery shop”可知，此处指妈妈让作者给弗雷德挑一些文具。故选C。 6．A.caution B．person C．return D．secret 答案　D 解析　根据下文“I shouldn’t cause Fred to feel...”可知，此处指让作者秘密地给弗雷德，in secret“秘密地，悄悄地”，故选D。 7．A.surprised B．confused C．embarrassed D．disappointed 答案　C 解析　根据下文“just give them to him and tell him they were his...”可知，这样做是为了不让弗雷德感到尴尬。故选C。 8．A.present B．keep C．notice D．treasure 答案　B 解析　根据上下文可知，告诉弗雷德这些东西是他的，那么他就可以保留这些文具。故选B。 9．A.uncertain B．unaware C．pleasant D．urgent 答案　A 解析　结合语境可知，拿到这些文具是弗雷德没有预料到的，所以一开始他觉得不确定。故选A。 10．A.fortune B．difference C．name D．commitment 答案　B 解析　make a difference“有影响，起(重要)作用”，此处指拥有自己的文具对弗雷德是重要的。故选B。 11．A.offering B．missing C．bringing D．finding 答案　D 解析　根据下文“an opportunity to do something”可知，此处指找到做一些事情的机会，故选D。 12．A.responsibility B．capability C．availability D．possibility 答案　B 解析　根据前文内容可知，作者的妈妈带作者到文具店帮弗雷德买文具，这是在作者妈妈能力之内的事情。故选B。 13．A.wisdom B．benefit C．contribution D．approval 答案　A 解析　根据下文“to help others find solutions”可知，此处指分享智慧。故选A。 14．A.politeness B．permission C．attention D．curiosity 答案　C 解析　根据下文“by listening mindfully”可知，倾听的时候要投入注意力。故选C。 15．A.argument B．hesitation C．doubt D．expectation 答案　D 解析　结合下文“anything in exchange”可知，此处指慷慨的给予不期望用任何东西作交换。故选D。 Ⅵ.语法填空 The annual Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival is Harbin’s main tourist highlight.It is the world’s biggest winter festival.The 1. (bitter) cold winters are just right for this festival. 2． sets the Harbin festival apart is the scale and size of the sculptures and the 3. (beauty) lighting.It is bigger than 4. ones in Sapporo，Norway，and Quebec. At first，mainly Chinese 5. (participate)，but in the last decade，it has become an international festival and 6. (compete)．As the festival grows in international participation，and as China’s economy grows，the size of the snow sculptures and ice architecture exhibits keeps 7. (grow)．The work going into making these exhibits is astonishing，and their size and beauty are amazing. The lighting 8. (effect) on the huge ice sculptures in the Ice and Snow World are technologically complex. Officially the festival 9. (hold) from the end of December through February.Opening dates keep changing，and ending dates partly depends 10. the weather. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哈尔滨冰雪艺术节的规模、特点及开放的时间。 1．答案　bitterly 解析　考查副词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应用副词bitterly作状语，修饰形容词cold，表示“极其”。 2．答案　What 解析　考查主语从句。根据句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，指代事物，应用连接代词what，位于句首，首字母大写。 3．答案　beautiful 解析　考查形容词。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应填形容词beautiful作定语，修饰名词lighting。 4．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。根据句子结构可知，此处是将哈尔滨雕塑的规模和大小与札幌、挪威和魁北克的雕塑的规模和大小进行比较，表特指，故用定冠词the。 5．答案　participated 解析　考查动词的时态。根据句意及“At first”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。 6．答案　competition 解析　考查名词。根据句意及修饰词an可知，此处应表示“比赛”，故用单数名词competition。 7．答案　growing 解析　考查非谓语动词。根据短语keep doing sth“继续，不断做某事”可知，此处应用动名词growing作宾语。 8．答案　effects 解析　考查名词的数。根据句意及谓语动词are可知，此处应用名词复数effects，表示“效果”，作主语。 9．答案　is held 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处描述一般事实，故用一般现在时；主语the festival为单数，与hold是动宾关系，故用被动语态，故填is held。 10．答案　on/upon 解析　考查介词。根据句意可知，此处考查短语depend on/upon，表示“取决于”。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$