Unit 2 Period 1 Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Canada—a land of diversity Canada is like a blooming1 flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those who enjoy what it has to offer. It is a broad and beautiful country stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. It is also one of the most ethnically diverse nations in the world with distinct2 cultures. In the ten provinces and three territories3 which make up Canada, there is great diversity in geography. To the east of the Pacific coast rise the grand Rocky Mountains, which are home to high peaks and deep valleys carved4 by ice and water. Ancient, slow-moving glaciers hug the land and a huge variety of wildlife wanders the remote forests. The establishment of national parks makes many of these beautiful places protected areas for the public to visit and enjoy, such as Banff and Jasper National Parks. One truly unique scenic spot in Canada is the mighty Niagara Falls with water rushing over its edge in a splendid5 display of sights and sounds. Apart from its geographical diversity, Canada’s many rural areas and urban centers reflect the diversity of its residents. Some of Canada’s earliest settlers, who are thought to be ancestors of the indigenous6 peoples, crossed the Bering Strait by means of a land bridge from a place now known as Siberia. They settled on this vast land thousands of years ago. The first Europeans also started to settle in some of the eastern provinces centuries ago. Today, Canada reflects a vast combination of ethnic backgrounds. About one out of five people in Canada’s population is foreign-born. The major ethnic groups, for example, include the English, Scottish and French, while the minority7 groups include residents from Singapore and the Pacific Islands. This ethnic variety, in turn, brings about cultural diversity. Should you find yourself in one of these subcultures, languages, cuisine8, architecture, art and music will define your encounter...Given these cultural differences, it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating Multiculturalism Day since 2002.(节选自译林版新教材选择性必修第三册 Unit 1) 词汇积累 1.blooming/'bluːmɪŋ/adj.盛开的，开花的 2．distinct/dI'stɪŋkt/adj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 3．territory/'terətri/n.(加拿大)地区；领土，领地；领域 4．carve/kɑːv/vt.侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻 5．splendid/'splendɪd/adj.壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的 6．indigenous/ɪn'dɪdʒənəs/adj.本地的，土生土长的 7．minority/maɪ'nɒrəti/n.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人 8．cuisine/kwɪ'ziːn/n.烹饪，风味；饭菜，菜肴 Period 1　Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．political　A．a place where people meet to eat，drink，dance，etc.，especially one that is cheap 2．equator B．having a hole or empty space inside 3．joint C．a senior member of the government who is in charge of a government department or a branch of one 4．butcher D．connected with the state，government or public affairs 5．hollow E．a word or phrase that is easy to remember，used for example by a political party or in advertising to attract people’s attention 6．slogan F．an imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles 7．minister G．a person whose job is cutting up and selling meat in a shop or killing animals for this purpose 答案　1.D　2.F　3.A　4.G　5.B　6.E　7.C Ⅱ.选词填空 1．He left in such a hurry that saying goodbye to his friends was impossible. 2．In my opinion，your account of the accident agrees/agreed with hers. 3．It’s said that the olive oil is native to Spain. 4．Every day the girl spends about an hour making up her face. 5．Around 15,000 people visit the base every day during peak season. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the passage? A．The writer’s impressions of the food and music of Australia. B．The writer’s impressions of the people and culture of Australia. C．The writer’s experiences in Australia. D．The writer’s impressions of the attractions of Australia. 答案　C Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Match the blog entries to the subheadings. Blog 1　A．Aborigines and the didgeridoo Blog 2 B．Preparing to travel Blog 3 C．Reflections on multiculturalism Blog 4 D．First impressions 答案　Blog 1 B　Blog 2 D　Blog 3 A　Blog 4 C Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Blog 1 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Why did the writer plan to travel to Australia? A．To do some research on the country. B．To see the Sydney Opera House. C．To visit a friend there and experience Australia. D．To learn more about the people in Australia. 答案　C 2．What will interest the writer most in Australia? A．Visiting Australian schools. B．Seeing iconic attractions. C．Watching cute animals. D．Meeting local people. 答案　D 3．What kind of person do you think the writer is according to his preparations? A．Well-prepared. B．Ambitious. C．Ridiculous. D．Careless. 答案　A Ⅱ.Read Blog 2 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What are the writer’s first impressions of Australia about? A．Varieties of food. B．Famous buildings. C．Different restaurants. D．Diverse cultures. 答案　A 2．Which word can best describe Australian food? A．Simple. B．Diverse. C．Nutritious. D．Unhealthy. 答案　B Ⅲ.Read Blog 3 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Fill in the blank about Aborigines. •In Katherine，a town in Australia’s Northern Territory. •The population might be small but its influence is still visible. •To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. 2．What’s the main theme reflected in Aboriginal music? 答案　The main theme of their music is to celebrate the natural world and the spiritual world around them. 3．What can we know about the didgeridoo according to the passage? A．It has no finger holes. B．It is an amazing instrument made from a hollow tree branch. C．Its player has to change the shape of his mouth to change pitch. D．All of the above. 答案　D 4．What does the word “this” in “He does this by continually breathing...” refer to? A．Blowing while vibrating his lips. B．Making the didgeridoo from a tree branch. C．Changing the shape of his mouth to change pitch. D．Playing for a long time without stopping to breathe. 答案　D Ⅳ.Read Blog 4 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What impressed the writer most in Australia? A．The different but yummy food. B．The amazing instrument didgeridoo. C．The mix of peoples and cultures. D．The iconic sites. 答案　C 2．Which of the following is NOT the characteristics of Australian people? A．Friendly and warm. B．Indifferent. C．Free-and-easy. D．Straightforward. 答案　B 3．Why does the writer mention the slogan in the end? A．To show his disappointment at travelling. B．To praise the effect of the advertising. C．To remind visitors not to go to Australia. D．To stress the beauty of Australia. 答案　D Ⅴ.Read the passage again and do the following exercises. 1．What can we infer from the passage? A．The writer visited the Sydney Opera House. B．The writer and his friend ate Sunday roast. C．The writer was able to play the didgeridoo. D．The writer likes the food of Australia most. 答案　B 2．What is the writer’s attitude towards Australia? A．Negative. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Critical. 答案　B Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．What has impressed you most about Australia after you read the passage? Why? (Critical thinking) 2．What iconic Chinese attractions would you like to introduce to a foreigner? Why? (Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 I arrived in Australia on 1st October to visit my friend there.Australia,1.located(locate) to the south of the equator，is often informally referred to 2.as “down under”． My first 3.impressions(impress) of Australia were all about food！Bakeries，fast-food joints，butcher shops，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.A lot of typical Australian food is 4.originally(origin) British.On the other hand，Asian cultures also have an influence on it. In Katherine，we learned about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia.I learned to play 5.the local instrument—didgeridoo.I put my mouth on one end and blew while 6.vibrating(vibrate) my lips but failed.I 7.was convinced(convince) that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument. After experiencing Australia，personally speaking,8.what I like most about Australia is the people 9.themselves(they)．Their friendliness and 10.warmth(warm) made me feel at home wherever I went. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Since I arrived，my friend has brought me to my first open-air barbecue and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me，so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! [句式分析]　此句是并列复合句。so连接表示因果关系的并列句；第一个分句中，since引导时间状语从句。 [自主翻译]　自我来这儿之后，朋友就带着我去吃了这辈子第一次的露天烧烤，还和我分享了许多风格各异的美味佳肴，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象就是美食！ 2．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。among which 引导定语从句，修饰instruments；found on the ground和called the didgeridoo均是过去分词短语作后置定语，分别修饰sticks和instrument。 [自主翻译]　他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。 3．Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。 Although引导让步状语从句；shaping the unique Australian culture是动名词短语作介词in的宾语；with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构，其中contributed by immigrants是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。 [自主翻译]　尽管自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数族裔文化在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面也发挥了作用，还有许多随着移民而来的新文化的影响。 4．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。It作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语；who引导定语从句，修饰先行词parents。 [自主翻译]　据说现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么自己出生于海外，要么父母出生于海外。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Asia is the birthplace of the world’s three ancient civilizations：ancient China，ancient India and Babylon.Each gave the world different architectural styles and global landmarks. The Great Wall of China The Great Wall of China is an ancient defense project with the longest construction time and the largest workload put into a landmark，stretching out to a total length of more than 20,000 kilometers.Only when you have been to the Great Wall and witnessed its majesty(雄伟壮观) can you truly say you have visited China. Angkor Wat，Cambodia The Angkor Wat in Cambodia is one of the largest religious monuments in the world，built on a site measuring 162.6 hectares.It was built by the Khmer King Suryavarman II in the early 12th century in Yasodharapura，the capital of the Khmer Empire，as his eventual mausoleum(陵墓)． Taj Mahal，India The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the river Yamuna in the Indian city of Agra.It was commissioned(正式委托) in 1632 by Mughal emperor Shah to house the tomb of his favorite wife，Mumtaz Mahal.The Taj Mahal was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being “the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world’s heritage”． The Borobudur，Indonesia The Borobudur is a ninth-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in Magelang Regency，not far from the town of Muntilan，in Central Java，Indonesia.It is the world’s largest Buddhist temple.Evidence suggests that Borobudur was constructed in the ninth century. 语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了亚洲一些伟大建筑的历史和特点，如中国的长城、柬埔寨吴哥窟、印度泰姬陵和印度尼西亚婆罗浮屠。 1．Which of the following was built to protect its country? A．Angkor Wat. B．Taj Mahal. C．The Borobudur. D．The Great Wall. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The Great Wall of China is an ancient defense project...”可知，修建长城是为了保卫国家。故选D。 2．What can we learn about Taj Mahal? A．It was built near a river. B．It was a mausoleum for Shah. C．It was completed in 1632. D．It was the jewel of Buddhist art. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The Taj Mahal is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the river Yamuna...”可知，泰姬陵建在河边。故选A。 3．In which section of a newspaper can you read this passage? A．Culture. B．Education. C．Politics. D．Entertainment. 答案　A 解析　文章出处题。文章介绍了亚洲的四座伟大建筑的历史和特点。由此可知，本文内容与历史文化有关，可能在报纸的文化版块读到。故选A。 B The Dead Sea is an amazing wonder of the world：the lowest exposed spot on Earth，where the water is so full of salt that bathers float right to the top. But today the Dead Sea is drying up，and its banks are collapsing.The water level is dropping close to 4 feet every year.The main part of the lake is now around 950 feet deep—about 15% shallower，and a third of the surface area，compared to its shape half a century ago. “You’ve seen a living disaster in front of your eyes，” says Jake Ben Zaken，an Israeli who says he operates the only passenger boats on the Dead Sea. As the lake recedes，it changes the landscape around it in both beautiful and harmful ways.Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up.But there are also terrible scenes of beaches and parking lots swallowed up by sinkholes along the shore. Solutions have been proposed to replenish(填满) the Dead Sea，but no significant action has been taken to prevent its further destruction.Climate change makes recovery of the lake seem even further out of reach. The Dead Sea is a landlocked lake that’s partly in Jordan，Israel and the Israeli-occupied West Bank.The lake—named the Dead Sea because it contains too much salt and is not suitable for aquatic(水生的) life—has been drying up for decades. “It’s a human-made problem，” say environmental researchers and officials.In a region where water is rare，Israel，Jordan and Syria in the last several decades have diverted(改道) the freshwater sources that feed the Dead Sea，for drinking water and irrigation.Plus，Israeli and Jordanian companies evaporate(蒸发) Dead Sea water to harvest its rich minerals for export.The part of the lake with Israeli hotels，a popular spot for tourists to float in Dead Sea water，is actually an artificial evaporation pool in the lake’s southern basin. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由于气候变化及人为原因，死海正在不断干涸。 4．How deep was the main part of the Dead Sea 50 years ago probably? A．About 800 feet. B．About 1,000 feet. C．About 1,100 feet. D．About 1,300 feet. 答案　C 解析　数字计算题。根据第二段最后一句可知，目前死海主要部分的深度大约是950英尺，比起半个世纪前变浅了15%。也就是X－15%X＝950，可计算出X等于1 118，由此可知，50年前死海的主要部分大概有1 100英尺深。故选C。 5．What does the underlined word “recedes” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Goes up. B．Gets popular. C．Flows over. D．Becomes smaller. 答案　D 解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段可知，死海正在干涸，它的堤岸正在崩塌。水位每年下降近4英尺。与半个世纪前相比，湖的主要部分现在大约有950英尺深——大约浅了15%，表面积减少了三分之一。结合第四段中“Beautiful salt formations are revealed where the water dries up.”可猜测，画线单词recedes意为“渐渐退去”的意思，与选项D：Becomes smaller.(变得越来越小)意思一致，故选D。 6．What’s the last paragraph mainly about? A．The solutions to the problem. B．The future of the Dead Sea. C．The reasons for the problem. D．The situation of the Dead Sea. 答案　C 解析　段落大意题。根据最后一段首句“It’s a human-made problem”及下文可知，本段主要分析了死海水分流失、逐年变浅的主要原因。故选C。 7．Which is the most suitable title for the text? A．The Dead Sea Is Dying B．The Dead Sea Is Recovering C．The Dead Sea—a Salty Lake with Minerals D．The Dead Sea—a Place for Tourists to Float 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据第二段中“But today the Dead Sea is drying up，and its banks are collapsing.”并结合下文可知，本文主要告诉我们：由于气候变化及人为原因，死海正在不断干涸。故文章最适合的标题是“死海正在消亡”。故选A。 C From picture-perfect beaches to mountains，wildlife and iconic structures，New South Wales，Australia，offers plenty to enjoy.This beautiful state is located on Australia’s breathtaking eastern coast.Sydney，the capital of New South Wales and Australia’s most populated city，accommodates more than 5 million people. No trip to Sydney would be complete without a visit to Australia’s most famous landmark，the Sydney Opera House.Its unique appearance was designed to resemble(像) a ship’s sails and its historic importance is recognized by people all over the world.The Opera House welcomes more than 8 million visitors each year，making it the country’s most popular tourist spot.It is also one of the world’s busiest performing arts centers，featuring more than 2,000 performances annually. The Opera House is open 363 days a year，and admission is free.Tours are available throughout the day in seven different languages.For those who arrive hungry，Opera House restaurants offer everything from snacks to fine dining. “Stunning natural beauty” describes the Blue Mountains of New South Wales.This wilderness area，also on the World Heritage list，is a large，mountainous region that covers 1.03 million hectares.It is home to a vast number of Australia’s birds and other forms of wildlife.One of the most visited sites is the Three Sisters，named for its unique rock formations. Off the coast of New South Wales lies a remote island called Lord Howe Island.Created by a volcano，the island is surrounded by beautiful reefs.Two mountains tower over a bay with sandy，white beaches.Visitors can enjoy beach walks，mountain hikes，water activities (above and below the water)，exceptional bird watching and more.About 380 people live on it，and a maximum of 400 visitors can visit at one time. New South Wales offers its visitors an abundance of experiences to choose from and many memories that will last a lifetime. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士州的几处著名景观。 8．How is the importance of Sydney Opera House expressed? A．By offering supportive views. B．By stating personal experiences. C．By listing facts and numbers. D．By describing its unique appearance. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，悉尼歌剧院独特的外观被设计成船帆的样子，它的历史重要性被全世界的人们所认同。歌剧院每年接待超过800万游客，使其成为澳大利亚最受欢迎的旅游景点。它也是世界上最繁忙的表演艺术中心之一，每年有2 000多场表演。可推知，文章通过列举事实和数字来表达悉尼歌剧院的重要性。故选C。 9．What can we know about the Opera House? A．It’s highly recommended to bring your own food. B．Language probably won’t be a barrier during tours. C．The admission fee is acceptable for most people. D．It is open all year round on account of its popularity. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tours are available throughout the day in seven different languages.”可知，语言可能不会是游览歌剧院的障碍。故选B。 10．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 5? A．New South Wales. B．Lord Howe Island. C．Blue Mountains. D．Three Sisters. 答案　B 解析　代词指代题。第五段主要是对豪勋爵岛的介绍，包括其地理位置、旅游特色、人口等。故it指的是“Lord Howe Island”。故选B。 11．What is the most suitable title for the text? A．Unforgettable Tour in the Opera House B．Charming Places to Visit in Sydney C．Unique Geographical Features of Australia D．Striking Beauty of New South Wales 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。第一段概述了新南威尔士州的地理位置及旅游特色，下文具体介绍了澳大利亚新南威尔士州的几处著名景观。故D选项“新南威尔士引人注目的美景”最符合文章标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 Why I Always Travel with a Paper Map in Hand The first thing I do when I arrive in a foreign city is find a paper map.To me，it’s the single most important task I have to accomplish upon arrival. 1 I learn where I am in relation to the rest of the city，the names of neighborhoods and the major street.I figure out where the subway stations are，how I can get to the best walking routes. Then I use that paper map to figure out which sights are closest to each other and how I can use my time most efficiently. 2 I note the neighborhoods I want to visit along the way. No doubt you may wonder why I don’t just pull out my phone.I do own a smartphone with GPS. 3 It shows a specific destination and a precise route to get there.But it doesn’t put the journey into context，which I dislike.I always want to know where I am in relation to everything else. My trusty map，on the other hand，is all about context.Ask me the nearest bridge，major market or landmark，and I’ll be able to tell you in an instant.Besides，a paper map does not run out of battery. 4 It is easily replaceable. For a traveler like myself，that paper map is like an entrance into another world.Staring at it transports me into a dreamlike state.I imagine all the places I’ll go and the things I will do. 5 A．It never has a poor connection. B．But I don’t have the habit of using GPS. C．And all these make me become a responsible tourist. D．That map，you see，is my key to getting around the city. E．However，I think my phone’s GPS robs me of something. F．And it enables me to begin planning how I’ll make it happen. G．I put dots where the bookstores，restaurants and museums are. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者为什么在旅行中仍然喜欢使用纸质地图。 1．答案　D 解析　根据后文“I learn where I am in relation to the rest of the city...how I can get to the best walking routes.”可知，本段内容介绍作者如何通过地图来了解一个城市，空处为段落主题句，故D选项“你看，那张地图是我在这个城市里旅行的关键”符合语境，故选D。 2．答案　G 解析　根据上下文可知，前句讲述作者使用地图查看景点，规划如何最高效地利用自己的时间来游览，后句内容也是介绍作者会标注沿途自己想去的地方，可推测本句是在说明作者会在地图上标注记号，故G选项“我在书店、餐馆和博物馆的位置画上点”符合语境，故选G。 3．答案　E 解析　根据后文“But it doesn’t put the journey into context，which I dislike.I always want to know where I am in relation to everything else.”可知，GPS不能满足作者的需求，所以作者不喜欢GPS。故E选项“但是，我觉得我手机的GPS抢走了我的一些东西”符合语境，故选E。 4．答案　A 解析　本段介绍纸质地图相对于GPS的优点，结合空格上一句“纸质地图不会有电池耗完电的问题”可知，A选项“它的信号从来都不差”符合语境，故选A。 5．答案　F 解析　根据上文“For a traveler like myself...I imagine all the places I’ll go and the things I will do.”可知，前面介绍纸质地图会让自己产生联想，想象自己要去的地方和要做的事情，F选项“它使我开始计划如何实现它”承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$