Unit 1 Period 5 Using Language(2)-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

Period 5　Using Language(2)—Reading for Writing Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．blurred　　 A．hold sth tightly 2．superior B．advise or try hard to persuade sb to do sth 3．grip C．as large，fast，etc.as is possible，or the most that is possible or allowed 4．fetch D．better in quality than sb/sth else；greater than sb/sth else 5．urge E．not clear; without a clear outline or shape 6．random F．done，chosen，etc.without sb deciding in advance what is going to happen， or without any regular pattern 7．maximum G．go to where sb/sth is and bring them/it back 答案　1.E　2.D　3.A　4.G　5.B　6.F　7.C Ⅱ.选词填空 1．He often conflicts with his classmates，which makes his mother anxious. 2．He made me angry and I had an urge to hit him. 3．This model is superior to its competitors，so it will be the best one. 4．So long as you study hard，you will make much more progress. 5．Despite our worries，everything turned out well and we could control the whole situation. Activity 1　情节把握 Read the text and do the following exercises. 1．Para.1 Beginning(故事开端) How did the Time Traveller first know he had travelled through time? He saw the clock move forwards. 2．Paras.2－4 Development(故事发展) (1)What happened when the Time Traveller pushed the lever forwards the second time? His niece moved like a rocket.Night came as if a lamp was being turned out，and in another moment came the day. (2)How did the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time? He felt strange and unpleasant. (3)Why was the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine? If he stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else，they would be forced together and explode like a bomb. 3．Para.5 Climax(故事高潮) Where did the Time Machine arrive when the Time Traveller finally stopped it? In some mud in the rain. 4．How many times the Time Traveller started the machine? The Time Traveller started the machine twice. Activity 2　分析结构 Activity 3　增分靓句 Ⅰ.读文章并找出下列细节描写的内容 1．操作机器过程中的动作描写 (1)I gave it a last check，and sat myself in the leather seat.I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again. (2)I drew a breath，gripped the lever and pushed it forwards. (3)I pushed the lever further. (4)Like an impatient fool，I pulled the lever backwards hard. 2．心理活动描写 (1)I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute. (2)I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! (3)I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times. 3．视觉感知描写 (1)夜幕降临：Night came (2)白昼来临：came the day (3)跃进到白天：skipped to day (4)树木似青烟升起：trees growing like puffs of smoke (5)大楼拔地而起：huge buildings rise up 4．在空中见证地球沧海桑田变幻的句子 The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes. 5．与心理感受相关的描写 (1)It probably took her a minute，but to me she moved like a rocket! (2)It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. (3)I was stunned for a moment... Ⅱ.请选择下列句子使用的修辞手法 A．simile(明喻)　B．exaggeration(夸张) 1．It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road. A 2．The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky... A 3．Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke... B 4．I saw huge buildings rise up，then disappear like in a dream. B 5．...we would be forced together and explode like a bomb！ A 6．Like an impatient fool，I pulled the lever backwards hard. A 7．I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute. B Activity 4　读后——续写 Ⅰ.续写要求 阅读课文The Time Machine，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 The Time Traveller stops in the year 802701. The Morlocks then steal the Time Machine and use it as bait to capture and kill the Time Traveller. Ⅱ.技巧点拨 续写关键点拨一：谋布局结构，注重细节描写，巧用修辞 (1)布局结构：beginning—developing—climax—ending； (2)细节描写：包括动作、感官体验、心理活动等； (3)修辞：可巧用明喻、暗喻、夸张、比较、对照等。 续写关键点拨二：围绕主题，合理安排续写内容 (1)写目的地(when and where) (2)写未来与现在的区别 (3)写遭遇 encounters(people/things/adventures) (4)写回来的问题(challenges) (5)写感受，写时间旅行带来的担心或危险 (6)写如何证明在进行时间穿越(clock/people)，如何操作等 续写关键点拨三：提问题，推断情节发展 Para.1 What does the earth look like in the year 802701? Who does the author meet and what happens between them? What adventures does he have and what feelings does he have? Who are Morlocks and why do they capture him? Para.2 Have Morlocks captured him? Does he return to his own time? If so，how does he return? How does he feel when coming back? 续写关键点拨四：参考词汇 1．看起来像look like 2．形状像/形如shape like/be shaped like 3．逃走escape/make one’s escape 4．死里逃生have a narrow escape 5．只会给某人丢脸just embarrass sb 6．隐藏了一个可怕的真相hide a horrible truth 7．许多……a world of 8．住在地下live underground 9．用……作食物来源use...as a source of food 10．爱上……fall in love with 11．与……失去联系lose contact with 12．然而however/nevertheless 13．遭到袭击under attack 14．成功做某事manage to do/succeed in doing 15．穿越回到他开始的时间travel back to the time when he got started 范文赏读 The Time Traveller stops in the year 802701.The whole earth looks like a garden with beautiful，happy people called Elois who play all the time，but this hides a horrible truth；there is a whole world of people called Morlocks who live underground in a dark，mechanised society who use the Elois as a source of food.The Time Traveller meets an Eloi woman and falls in love with her.The Time Traveller and the Eloi woman are attacked by Morlocks.He is able to escape，but he loses contact with the woman and perhaps she is killed. The Morlocks then steal the Time Machine and use it as bait to capture and kill the Time Traveller.However，once he is in the Time Machine，he pulls the lever and begins to travel in time again and is able to make his escape.He travels 30 million years into the future to see the sun cool and the earth turn into a lifeless planet.He then travels back to the time when he started out，only to find that three hours have passed. 写一篇科幻故事，主题是My Amazing Experience of Time Travel。 要求：1.内容丰富、奇特； 2．情节合理且富于想象力。 注意：词数80左右。 参考范文 It was 10 p．m.tonight and I gave my time machine a last check，which is shaped like a watch.I pressed the time button of “Tang Dynasty” and chose the destination—Chang’an.A moment later，I felt dizzy and fell asleep.When I woke up and opened my eyes，I found myself lying outside the Chang’an city gate.Then I walked into the city.It was really a lively city with splendid architecture.People around me were dressed in magnificent Tang costumes.Feeling hungry and curious，I went into a hotel.I said to the waiter like “Da Xia” in the novel：“A plate of beef and a bottle of wine！” I was waiting for the dishes when I heard a man reciting the poem“Viewing the waterfall at Mount Lu”．I asked him：“A good poem! Who wrote it？” The man answered：“Me.” I couldn’t believe my ears—I came across Li Bai! Then I had a good talk with him and learned a lot about Tang poetry.After one hour，the bell of my time machine rang.It’s time to go back to my age! I pressed the button of “return” and in a few seconds I was lying in my bed.What an amazing experience！ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A What if we had the power to control time，instead of moving from the past to the present to the future? What if we could jump and travel through time in a machine? What if we could go wherever and whenever we pleased? The mysterious puzzle of time has kept people debating its nature for hundreds of years.Science fiction writers have turned it into imaginative stories.Some scientists have even attempted to explain it using math，trying to make the dream of time travel come true. Albert Einstein said that time and space are one thing called “spacetime”．He said there are three dimensions in space：height，width and depth.A scientist named Hermann Minkowski added time as a fourth dimension. Einstein introduced two ideas that have led to theories about the possibility of time travel.The first is relativity.The idea of relativity is that the force of gravity causes space to bend，which causes time to twist.The second idea focuses on special relativity.The idea is that a traveler moving super-fast through flat spacetime will enter the future.Einstein considered time “relative” because it is measured based on where we are on Earth or in space. Stephen Hawking believed that a time machine would never be built.If it were possible，he thought we would already know.If a time machine could be built，how come no one from the future has invaded us? The first science fiction story with this theme is The Clock That Went Backward by Edward P．Mitchell，which was published in 1881.Since then，thousands of books，films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel，in which some tools such as phones，watches，photographs and old books take travelers backward and forward. Will time travel ever happen? Who knows? Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章引用了爱因斯坦和霍金对于时间旅行的看法，并介绍了关于时间旅行的作品。 1．What is the author’s purpose of writing the first paragraph? A．To show time and space are connected. B．To draw readers’ attention to time travel. C．To ask some questions about time travel. D．To make people believe time travel is possible. 答案　B 解析　写作意图题。文章第一段通过三个问句引出了时间旅行的话题，再结合第二段内容以及后文的时间旅行理论可推知，作者写第一段的目的是吸引读者对时间旅行的注意。故选B。 2．What was the contribution of Einstein according to the text? A．He divided space into four dimensions. B．He proved a time machine could be built. C．He believed time and space are different things. D．He put forward ideas bringing about theories of time travel. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段首句可知，爱因斯坦提出了两个观点，这些观点导致了关于时间旅行的可能性的理论。故选D。 3．What is the last but one paragraph mainly about? A．The first science fiction story. B．Some tools used in time travel. C．Edward P．Mitchell，the pioneer. D．Different works about time travel. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据倒数第二段“The first science fiction story with this theme...thousands of books，films and television shows have explored the idea of time travel...”可知，本段主要是关于时间旅行的不同作品。故选D。 4．What is the writer’s attitude toward time travel? A．Hopeful. B．Pessimistic. C．Sceptical. D．Negative. 答案　A 解析　观点态度题。根据最后一段的“Most important is to keep your eyes open and have a sense of wonder.”可推知，作者对于时间旅行的态度是充满希望的。故选A。 B By the year 2050，Earth’s population is expected to reach nearly 10 billion people.With this growth comes a surprising demand for food resources.To find an effective way to deal with the global food safety crisis，Enter X，Alphabet Inc launched Project Mineral，which focuses on “computational agriculture”，a term to describe new technologies that will further increase understanding about the plant world. Can a machine be taught to understand the plant world? After years of work，Project Mineral leader Elliot Grant and his team’s latest prototype (原型)—a plant-scanning robot—will turn up at the Smithsonian’s “Futures” exhibition later this year.The four-wheeled plant robot，about as tall as a shipping container and as wide as a car，uses different cameras and other technologies to monitor and find possible problems with plants. As it rolls through the farmland，it can identify weeds，and measure the ripeness of fruits.The Mineral robot can become taller to take pictures of wheat plants，or widen to scan a broad bed of crops.What’s more，when the robot meets with different situations out in the field，it can accurately identify specific crops，traits or diseases. Mineral has partnered with a farmer in the Philippines who is helping the team study diseases in bananas.Images of diseased bananas will be used to teach the robot how to detect diseases. The robot also takes pictures of flowers and then employs the machine learning model to count a plant’s flowering speed，which is crucial to understand how a plant responds to its environment and predict the yields.Besides，the robot can measure all kinds of leaf sizes and detect greenness. Though the robot has come a long way from its origin，it’s still a prototype.Mineral stresses that they’re constantly improving and working closely with experts in the agricultural field to understand plants further. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍Alphabet公司推出的用于应对全球食品安全危机的Mineral项目。 5．Which of the following is a characteristic of the Mineral robot? A．It powers itself. B．It can adjust itself. C．It moves with legs. D．It looks like a ship. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The Mineral robot can become taller to take pictures of wheat plants，or widen to scan a broad bed of crops.”可知，该机器人可以自我调整。故选B。 6．What is the function of the Mineral robot? A．Helping fight insects. B．Removing bad fruits. C．Detecting crop diseases. D．Growing plants on its own. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，该机器人可以准确地识别特定的作物、性状或疾病。因此，该机器人能探测农作物的病害。故选C。 7．How does the Mineral robot predict crop yields? A．By observing the ripeness of fruits. B．By calculating how fast plants flower. C．By analyzing the shape of plants’ leaves. D．By analyzing images of diseased plants. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段首句可知，该机器人还会拍摄花朵的照片，然后使用机器学习模型来计算植物的开花速度，这对于了解植物对环境的反应和预测产量至关重要。即该机器人通过计算植物开花速度来预测其产量。故选B。 8．What is the text mainly about? A．Improvement of a plant-scanning robot. B．Effective solutions to deal with crop diseases. C．An attempt in solving the population problems. D．Project Mineral—a fight against food safety crisis. 答案　D 解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段末句并结合下文内容可知，本文主要介绍Alphabet公司推出的用于应对全球食品安全危机的Mineral项目。故选D。 C The Internet，search engines，virtual worlds.Have you ever got the feeling that you’re living in a science fiction? Well，indeed you are. For more than a century，inventors have been driven to create what sci-fi writers have imagined long before.Buck Rogers inspired a generation of scientists excited about space exploration.Ray Bradbury predicted home-theater systems.William Gibson dreamed up the Internet while writing Neuromancer on a typewriter.Not long after him，Neal Stephenson predicted virtual worlds in his 1991 novel Snow Crash.One of his readers was Philip Rosedale，who loved it so much that he wanted to build a virtual world based on it. By the late 1990s，technology caught up to the novel，and Rosedale built the virtual world Second Life based on the “Metaverse” from the novel.With 1 million active users，Second Life offers virtual shops，bars，houses and even virtual television studios with virtual celebrities(名人) on virtual talk shows. “I think it is pretty much what I imagined，” Stephenson says.“I just shoot for the stars，while he makes great things happen.” But Snow Crash is a dark book.The world in the novel is filled with criminals，violence and environmental problems. “Science fiction not only puts stars in our hands，it also helps us see the meaning of our work，” Philip Rosedale admits.“It makes it possible for us to see what all of our efforts could eventually lead to.” In fact，most science fiction authors admit that their work is usually cautionary.“While the inventors are rushing ahead and excited about this possibility or that possibility，we’re always standing there informing them of the potential danger or threat，‘Hang on just a second.Let’s think about this a little more，’” author William Gibson says.“But most of them will ignore you because they think they already know all things about any given hot topic of the day.But if you can convince them that you’re talking about a planet millions of miles away and hundreds of years in the future or the past，you can actually get them to examine more closely what’s going on right now.” 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科幻小说对科技进步的推动及警示作用。 9．Who was inspired by Neal Stephenson’s work? A．Buck Rogers. B．William Gibson. C．Ray Bradbury. D．Philip Rosedale. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句以及第四段首句知，菲利普·罗斯代尔受到了尼尔·斯蒂芬森的作品《雪崩》的启发，构建了虚拟世界“第二人生”。故选D。 10．What does Neal Stephenson think about Second Life? A．It is a very violent virtual world. B．It is not based on his fiction strictly. C．He is satisfied with the “Metaverse”． D．More activities should be added to it. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第五段内容可知，斯蒂芬森认为虚拟世界“第二人生”和他的设想很吻合，可推知他对此感到很满意。故选C。 11．What does the underlined word “cautionary” in the last paragraph mean? A．Warning. B．Inspiring. C．Influential. D．Complicated. 答案　A 解析　词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“...we’re always standing there informing them of the potential danger or threat”可知，科幻作品通常会告知发明家潜在的危险或威胁，可推知科幻作品通常是警示性的。故选A。 12．In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Book review. B．Economy. C．Technology. D．Psychology. 答案　C 解析　文章出处题。通读全文尤其是第三段首句可知，本文主要介绍了科幻小说与科技进步之间的关系，推测文章可能出现在报纸的“科技”版块。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 A New App Helps Blind People Know the World Around Them One of the best uses of technology is to make life easier.A new product from Micro Corporation can just do that for people who have trouble seeing.The product，an app called Seeing AI，is currently available for free for Apple’s iPhone and iPad.“AI” is short for artificial intelligence，a term for computers with an ability to think and learn like human beings. 1 The app then announces what the camera sees，so users will know what is in front of them. People can also use Seeing AI to learn words in English. 2 With Seeing AI，users can hear a description of not just objects，but other people.It can even tell you about their emotions. 3 It can read products’ bar codes(条形码) so users will know whether a can is filled with fruit or dog food.Microsoft says Seeing AI will soon be able to identify banknotes，so people will know whether they are holding a bill that is worth $100 or $1. People can use Seeing AI to identify images. 4 People even use the app to read signs and get directions，although Microsoft warns against using it for navigation purposes. Seeing AI is a new app and will not be 100% correct all the time.For example，that someone is smiling does not necessarily mean he or she is happy.The app recognizes text，but not handwriting yet. 5 The app is currently available in Canada，India，New Zealand，Singapore and the United States. A．People can use the app when going shopping. B．That feature may be available in the future. C．The app can identify more than one person in a photograph. D．The app can identify what is in the image，as if it were right in front of you. E．Seeing AI uses both a camera and artificial intelligence to identify places，objects and people. F．With this intelligent app，just hold up your phone and hear information about the world around you. G．With the app，you can point your iPhone or iPad at any object and Seeing AI will say what the object is. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了微软最近开发的一款名为Seeing AI的应用程序，可以帮助盲人了解周围的世界。 1．答案　E 解析　根据下一句中的“then”“the camera”这些关键词可知，空处应该提到摄像头在这款应用程序中的作用。因此，E选项“Seeing AI使用摄像头和人工智能来识别地点、物体和人”引出下文，符合语境，故选E。 2．答案　G 解析　空前一句说这款程序可以被用来学英语词汇，由下文可知，借助Seeing AI，用户可以听到对物体甚至是其他人的描述。所以G选项“有了这个应用程序，你可以把你的iPhone或iPad指向任何物体，Seeing AI会说出这个物体是什么”符合语境，故选G。 3．答案　A 解析　空处位于段首，应为本段主题句。根据下文提到的条形码、罐头及钞票可知，本段与购物有关，A选项“人们可以在购物时使用该应用程序”符合语境，故选A。 4．答案　D 解析　上文提到人们可以用Seeing AI来辨别图片。D选项“该应用程序可以识别图像中的内容，就像它就在你面前一样”符合语境，选项中的“identify what is in the image”与上文“identify images”呼应，故选D。 5．答案　B 解析　空前提到该程序的缺点之一是目前无法识别手写文本，因此空格处应说这个程序将来在这方面会有改进。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$