进阶1-3 用活三大从句(无答案)-【课堂快线】2025年新高考英语满分作文Word

第三讲　用活三大从句 一、定语从句 修饰名词或代词作定语的从句叫作定语从句。其特征是从句前面的名词或代词作先行词,从句必须由关系代词或关系副词引导。那么如何用对关系词呢?方法如下: 从句缺主宾表时用关系代词that(指人或物)、which(指物)、who(指人)、whom(指人,作宾语),缺定语时(与先行词是从属关系)用whose,缺状语时用关系副词when、where和why,固定结构用as,特殊用法要记清。 (一)定语从句合并三步法 第1步:写出两个简单句。 第2步:找出两句共同词。 第3步:确定修饰句,用对关系词。 1.My best friend is Jack. Jack is a football player. 我最好的朋友是杰克,他是一名足球运动员。 →My best friend is Jack, who is a football player. 2.This is our school. Our school is very beautiful. 这是我们的学校,它很漂亮。 →This is our school, which is very beautiful. 3.That is his sister. His sister􀆳s name is Lucy. 那是他的妹妹,名叫露西。 →That is his sister, whose name is Lucy. 4.I never forget the village. I was brought up at the village. 我永远忘不了我被抚养长大的那个村庄。 →I never forget the village where I was brought up. 5.He was born in 1949. The PRC was founded in 1949. 他出生于1949年,那一年中华人民共和国成立了。 →He was born in 1949, when the PRC was founded. 6.Beijing is a famous city. Beijing has a long history. 北京是一座历史悠久的名城。 →Beijing is a famous city, which has a long history. 7.I bought many books. I spent all my money on the books. 我花了所有的钱买了许多书。 →I bought many books on which I spent all my money. (二)定语从句的特殊用法 1.关系代词只用who:先行词是one、ones、anybody、anyone、those等。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。 2.关系代词只用that:先行词既有人又有物,先行词是被不定式、不定代词all、little、much、everything等或由最高级、序数词修饰。 All that ends well is well. 结果好,就一切都好。 3.way作先行词时,从句缺方式状语,关系词用that、in which或不用关系词。 Science and technology have made major changes to the way we live. 科技极大地改变了我们的生活方式。 4.表示抽象地点的名词job、position、case、situation、process等作先行词时,关系词用where。 Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick? 你们有没有过这样的情况:别人控告你们的记者,说他/她们的报道完全失实? 5.as引导定语从句。 We often meet such questions as are raised by children. 我们常遇到孩子们提出的这样的问题。 6.as引导非限制性定语从句。 As is known to all, China has four great inventions. 众所周知,中国有四大发明。 　巩 固 提 升　 Ⅰ.用定语从句将下列每组简单句合并为一个复合句 1.I have a friend. Her father is an engineer. →  2.I will go on a trip to Sichuan. There are a great number of places of interest in Sichuan. →  3.This is the best method. It can be used against pollution. →  4.I􀆳ve always longed for the days. I will be able to be independent then. →  5.Through the course of my schooling, I met many teachers. Two of them influenced me greatly. →  Ⅱ.单句写作 1.他是我敬佩的老师。 2.她是我可以分享秘密的朋友。 3.那些家里有钱的孩子从来没有吃过苦。 4.我还记得第一次来南京的日子。 5.我们发现一家餐厅,那里的食物很可口。 6.我真不知道她不高兴的原因。 Ⅲ.请运用从句及连词提升作文得分档次 Dear editor, I􀆳m writing to tell you about the very discussion. We had a discussion about charging entrance fee for parks. Some students are against it. They take up 60%. The park is a public place. People can enjoy themselves in the park here. If people must buy a ticket,a gate and walls have to be built for a park. It will make a city look ugly. Some students are in favor of the idea. They take up 40%. They think ticket selling can make some money. With the money,we can pay the gardeners in the park and buy some other kinds of flowers and trees. Yours truly, Li Hua 二、状语从句 状语从句又叫副词性从句,由一个连词或起连词作用的短语引导,修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词等。状语从句有几种,写作中常用的是时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句等。做题的关键是根据句意和上下文逻辑关系确定连词。 1.“when it comes to...”意为“当说到……”,引导时间状语从句。 When it comes to online shopping, different people have different opinions. 当说到网上购物,不同的人有不同的看法。 2.“not...until”意为“直到……才”,until引导时间状语从句。 I didn􀆳t realize the importance of teamwork until I became the monitor of our class. 直到我当了班长,才意识到团队合作的重要性。 3.each/every time引导时间状语从句。 Each time I pass the school, I think of my first teacher. 每次我经过那所学校,我就想起我的启蒙老师。 4.if引导条件状语从句。 If it is convenient for you, can you pick me up at the station tomorrow? 如果你方便的话,明天能到车站接我吗? 5.as long as/so long as意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句。 As long as my heart still beats, I will go on working for the people. 只要我的心脏还在跳动,我就要继续为人民工作。 6.because引导原因状语从句。 Because we have so much homework to do every day, we often stay up late into the night. 因为每天有如此多的家庭作业要做,所以我们经常熬到深夜。 7.“whether...or”引导让步状语从句。 Whether I win or lose, this is my last chance. 不管是赢是输,这都是我的最后一次机会。 8.wherever/no matter where引导让步状语从句。 Wherever/No matter where you go, you should always remember you are a Chinese. 无论你去哪里,你都应该记住你是一个中国人。 9.whatever引导让步状语从句。 Whatever the result is, we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best. 无论结果怎样,我们都要微笑着接受,因为我们已经尽了全力。 10.where引导地点状语从句。 Where there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。 11.“such/so...that”意为“如此……以至于”,that引导结果状语从句。 We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door. 我们如此匆忙地走了,以至于忘了锁门。 12.“the+比较级,the+比较级”引导比较状语从句。 The harder you work at it, the more progress you will make. 你越努力,你取得的进步就越大。 13.even if/even though意为“即使”,引导让步状语从句。 Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don􀆳t speak the same kind of English. 以英语为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同,也可以相互交流。 　巩 固 提 升　 Ⅰ.把下列每题中的两个简单句合并为一个并列句或含有状语从句的复合句 1.He was tired. He went to bed. → 2.Our teacher must be at home. The door is open. → 3.He is considered to be a good writer. His works are not widely read. → 4.I was walking in the street. I saw an old friend of mine. → 5.You will be late. You leave immediately. → 6.Take more exercise. You􀆳ll get really fit. → 7.We must study hard. Knowledge is power. → 8.Students can improve their writing ability in this way. They can strengthen their self⁃confidence. → Ⅱ.单句写作 1.有阳光的地方就有生命。   2.每当我学习有困难的时候,他总是耐心地帮助我。 　, he always helped me patiently.  3.自从他帮助我学习以来,我取得了很大的进步。 I have made great progress 　. 4.人们直到失去了健康才知它可贵。 People 　. 5.除非我努力,否则就通不过期末考试。 I 　. 6.只要大伙儿拧成一股绳,就没有克服不了的困难。 　, there are no difficulties  we cannot overcome. 7.因为有越来越多的私家车,空气污染变得更加严重。 　, the air pollution is  becoming more serious. 8.街上围观大火的人太多了,消防队员无法靠近大楼。 There were 　firefighters could not get close to the building. 9.你练得越多,英语就会讲得越好。 　.  10.无论在家还是在学校,你都应该努力学习。 　, you should work hard.  Ⅲ.根据写作要求和内容,用合适的连词填入空格处(每空一词) All of us experience failure every now and then. A sportsman may fail in a match, 1.　　　　 a student may fail in his examination.  I can still remember the sports meeting 2.　　　　 I was in primary school. I took part in the 1,500⁃meter race on that day. At first, I was afraid that I couldn􀆳t finish such a long distance. I nearly gave up, 3.　　　　 my classmates encouraged me. 4.　　　　 I was not the first one in the race, I thought this was a success for me.  5.　　　　 you are a winner or loser in your life, you should be confident in what you have done. Sometimes the result is not very important. We should pay more attention to enjoying doing it. We should set a good attitude towards failures and try to deal with them with a calm and cool mind.  三、名词性从句 (一)主语从句 第一种:引导词+主语从句+主句谓语 第二种:it作形式主语,真正的主语从句后置 1.it作形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。 It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在。 2.it作形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。 It is universally acknowledged that a person who doesn􀆳t read has no bright future, nor does a nation. 人们普遍认为不读书的人没有光明的前途,国家也是如此。 3.句型It occurred to sb. that.../It struck/hit sb. that...意为“某人突然想起……”;It dawned on sb. that...意为“某人突然明白……”。it作形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。 It dawned on me that it was not a challenge but a chance to do such a job. 我突然明白做这项工作不是挑战而是一个机遇。 4.it作形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。 It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. 不言而喻,青春一去不复返。 5.whether意为“是否”,引导主语从句。 Whether you can achieve success or not largely depends on your attitude towards life. 你能否取得成功很大程度上取决于你对生活的态度。 6.what引导主语从句。 What this cartoon symbolically reveals is that people nowadays, especially young people, are growing increasingly dependent on their mobile phones. 这幅漫画象征性地揭示了现在的人们尤其是年轻人越来越依赖手机。 (二)宾语从句 第一种:及物动词或介词+宾语从句 第二种:及物动词+it+宾语从句 1.what引导宾语从句,作know的宾语。 You never know what you can do till you try. 不去尝试,你永远不知道你能够做什么。 2.what引导宾语从句。 Contrary to what I had originally thought, the trip turned out to be fun. 与我原来的想法相反,这次旅行很有趣。 3.动词enjoy、hate、dislike、love、like等词后常跟it+if/when从句,it是形式宾语,if/when引导宾语从句。 I will appreciate it if you can help me. 如果你能帮忙,我将不胜感激。 4.that引导宾语从句。 No one can deny that smoking leads to cancer. 没有人能否认吸烟能致癌的事实。 5.it是形式宾语,that引导的宾语从句是真正的宾语。 Some people take it for granted that it􀆳s easy to learn Chinese well. 有些人想当然地认为学好中文很容易。 6.系表结构后的从句也常被视为宾语从句。 I am fully convinced that I am the right person for the job. 我完全相信我是这份工作的合适人选。 7.come to realize是谓语,后接宾语从句。 More and more people come to realize that only by relying on high technology can we increase economic power. 越来越多的人意识到只有依赖高科技我们才能增加经济实力。 8.mean+宾语从句。 In broad terms, this means that the closer you live to a school, the more likely it is that your child will get a place there. 笼统地说,这意味着你住得离某学校越近,你的孩子就越有可能进入该校上学。 (三)表语从句 连系动词+从句 1.句型:The fact/My suggestion/The advantage is that... My suggestion is that we should start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天早点出发。 2.句型:The question is whether/who/how/when... The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得一看。 3.句型:That is why/how/where/what... That is why he has made so many achievements. 这就是他取得如此多成就的原因。 4.句型:It seemed/seems as if/as though... It seemed as if/as though the world was at an end. 似乎是到世界末日了。 5.句型:The reason why... is that... The reason why he failed the exam is that he was lazy. 他考试不及格的原因是他的懒惰。 6.句型:This is because... This is because people􀆳s living standards have been improving. 这是因为人们的生活水平一直在提高。 7.句型:...chances are that... If you set your goal too high, chances are that you will never attain it. 如果你设定的目标过高,也许你永远也达不到。 (四)同位语从句 抽象名词doubt, fact, hope, idea, news, problem, promise, question, truth, wish, word等+从句。 1.句型:...hold the view/belief that... Most people hold the belief that education can change their fate. 大多数人认为教育能改变他们的命运。 2.句型:No one can deny the fact that... No one can deny the fact that the environment is getting polluted more and more seriously. 谁也不可否认的事实是,环境污染越来越严重了。 3.句型:fail to take into account the fact that...意为“忽视……事实” People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation. 人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。 4.句型:come to the conclusion that... From the above we can come to the conclusion that the more you work, the happier and healthier you will be. 从以上所述的内容得出的结论是,你工作得越多,你就会越快乐,越健康。 5. 句型:There is no denying that... There is no denying that everything has two sides and TV is no exception. 不可否认的是,凡事都有两面性,电视也不例外。 6.句型:There is no doubt that... There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused global warming rather than a random natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问,地球正在变暖,而且全球变暖是人类活动造成的,而不是随意的自然现象。 7.句型:...shows a common phenomenon that... This drawing vividly shows a common phenomenon that many college students are suffering from insomnia. 这幅图生动地反映了许多大学生普遍存在失眠的现象。 8.句型:There is no possibility that... There is no possibility that Bob can win the first prize. 鲍勃不可能赢得一等奖。 小结:名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子,它在复合句中担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和感叹句可以充当名词性从句,但语序上都要用陈述语序。 　巩 固 提 升　 Ⅰ.将下列每题中的两个简单句合并为一个含有名词性从句的复合句 1.The news spread over the whole school soon. They had won the game.   2.How did he persuade the manager to change the plan? It is interesting to us all.   3.I wonder it. Why did she refuse my invitation?   4.You don􀆳t like him. It is none of my business.   5.It is a fact. English is accepted as an international language.   Ⅱ.单句写作 1.   (他在如此短的时间内写完作文) surprised us all.(主语从句) 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (父亲什么时候回来) depends much on the weather.(主语从句)  3.We 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(想当然地认为他们会接受) our proposal.(宾语从句)  4.The reason why he was late 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(是他病了).(表语从句)  5.The question is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(是否我们要开运动会) next week.(表语从句)  6.The news 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(她被重点大学录取) made everyone happy. (同位语从句)  7.It is quite a 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一个相当普遍的现象:大学生都热衷于获得各种证书), such as an accounting certificate and a teaching certificate.  8.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (我最感兴趣的是文学书籍), especially those by famous writers.  Ⅲ.根据所给信息补全作文,并注意句子成分的正确使用 Dear Bill, I􀆳d like to express my sincere gratitude to your whole family for 1.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (当我在伦敦学习时你们为我所做的事,宾语从句+状语从句) as an exchange student. Your kindness and consideration made my stay so enjoyable. 2.　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (用主语从句升级).  The beautiful scenery, well protected environment and kind local people impressed me so much. Not only did I learn a lot about your rich culture, but I practiced my spoken English. 3.　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(毫无疑问,我和你及你的家人在一起的时光,同位语从句+定语从句) left me such a warm and deep impression.  Thanks again for your kindness. Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$