Unit 8 Green Living单元话题阅读理解练习-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（北师大版2019）

Unit 8 Green Living 单元话题阅读理解练习 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高一下·江苏·阶段练习）“Join our exciting wildlife watching tours and experience the holiday of a lifetime!” Eco-wildlife tours like this are becoming more and more popular with tourists. The opportunity to see whales and dolphins swimming in their natural habitat is so much better than seeing these great mammals in zoos and aquariums. As your boat edges out into the blue water, a group of dolphins come to greet you and swim around the boat, jumping playfully around you. In some places, tour companies even encourage tourists to go swimming with the dolphins. These smart mammals seem to enjoy our company and interact (互动) with us. But is it possible that this kind of human activity putting their survival at risk? A recent study has shown that the behavior of whales and dolphins changes greatly when they are close to boats. Interpreting (诠释) the boats as a possible danger, they start to breathe more quickly. The boats drive them away from the places where they feed and interrupt (打扰) their routine of resting and taking care of their young. All of these factors could have a very negative effect on their general health. Another factor that should be taken into account is the effect of human attention on the animals. As they become more used to interacting with humans, they become less afraid of them. There have been several cases of tour boats running into dolphins or whales and causing their deaths. As dolphins live within close communities, events like these cause a lot of stress. Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them. We could do by keeping a minimum distance between the animals and the boats, and by limiting the number of boats out on the water at one time. Most importantly, instead of interrupting these animals’ routines (日常生活), we should try to adapt to them. In this way, we could learn to stay in harmony with these wild animals and ensure our continued co-existence on the planet that we shall share. 1．Why are Eco wildlife tours increasingly popular? A．Wild animals really enjoy our company. B．Tourists can watch wild animals closely. C．Visitors can play with wild animals easily. D．Tour companies Advertised them too much. 2．What’s the author’s attitude towards Eco-wildlife tours? A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Concerned. 3．What can we learn from the recent study? A．The visiting boats cause great terror for whales and dolphins. B．Boats separate young whales and dolphins from their parents. C．Human’s attention is of great benefit to whales and dolphins. D．Getting too close to wild animals may bring trouble to them. 4．How to stay in harmony with wild animals according to the text? A．By avoiding using our boats. B．By interacting less with them. C．By changing our daily routines. D．By visiting their habitats regularly. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了游客可以观看大自然中的野生动物促使了生态野生动物旅游越来越受欢迎，但研究表明人类与野生动物近距离接触会影响它们的生活和健康，甚至对它们造成伤害。作者认为要想与野生动物和谐相处，就要减少与它们的互动。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Eco-wildlife tours like this are becoming more and more popular with tourists. The opportunity to see whales and dolphins swimming in their natural habitat is so much better than seeing these great mammals in zoos and aquariums. (生态野生动物旅游越来越受到游客的欢迎。看到鲸鱼和海豚在它们的自然栖息地游泳的机会比在动物园和水族馆看到这些大的哺乳动物要好得多) ”可知，生态野生动物旅游越来越受欢迎是因为游客可以近距离观察大自然中的野生动物，故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them. We could do by keeping a minimum distance between the animals and the boats, and by limiting the number of boats out on the water at one time. (也许保护这些动物最好的方法是减少我们与它们的互动。我们可以通过保持动物和船只之间的最小距离，以及限制一次出海的船只数量来做到这一点) ”可知，作者认为要减少和野生动物的互动，少打扰它们的生活。由此可见作者对生态野生动物旅游持批评的态度，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段中“A recent study has shown that the behavior of whales and dolphins changes greatly when they are close to boats. Interpreting (诠释) the boats as a possible danger, they start to breathe more quickly. The boats drive them away from the places where they feed and interrupt (打扰) their routine of resting and taking care of their young. All of these factors could have a very negative effect on their general health.(最近的一项研究表明，当鲸鱼和海豚靠近船只时，它们的行为会发生很大的变化。他们把这些船看作可能的危险，于是呼吸加快。这些船会把它们赶出喂食的地方，打乱它们休息和照顾幼崽的常规。所有这些因素都可能对他们的总体健康产生非常负面的影响)”和“Another factor that should be taken into account is the effect of human attention on the animals. As they become more used to interacting with humans, they become less afraid of them. There have been several cases of tour boats running into dolphins or whales and causing their deaths. As dolphins live within close communities, events like these cause a lot of stress.(另一个需要考虑的因素是人类注意力对动物的影响。当它们越来越习惯于与人类交流时，它们就不再那么害怕他们了。已经有几起旅游船撞上海豚鲸鱼并导致它们死亡的案例。由于海豚生活在紧密的群体中，像这样的事件会造成很大的压力)”可知，太接近野生动物可能会给它们带来麻烦，影响它们的生活和健康，甚至对它们造成伤害。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them.(也许保护这些动物最好的方法就是减少我们与它们的互动)”和“In this way, we could learn to exist in harmony with these wild animals and ensure our continued co-existence on the planet that we shall share.(这样，我们才能学会与这些野生动物和谐相处，确保我们在这个我们将共享的星球上继续共存) ”可知，要想与野生动物和谐相处，就要减少与它们的互动。故选B。 （24-25高一下·河南漯河·阶段练习）Kyoto’s cherry blossoms — or sakura (樱花) — draw crowds from across the world. But this year the flowers bloomed (开花) nearly two weeks in advance. Global warming, largely driven by fossil fuel (化石燃料), stimulated (刺激) temperatures so high in 2023 that became the hottest year in history. Warmer springs causing earlier blooms is a phenomenon not just related to Kyoto’s famous sakuras, but something scientists are also observing elsewhere - including in Washington D．C． Although flowering times vary annually, the long-term trend shows earlier blooming in D．C． “In D．C．, the advance in blooming is probably consistent with, but not scientifically credited to, human-caused climate change,” said Gonzalez, a climate change scientist. Other possible causal influences include the urban heat island effect, he noted. That’s where the research in Kyoto is critical. The city’s sakura records go back more than 1,200 years. In 2020, 2021, and 2023, Kyoto’s sakura saw record-early blooms. A 2022 study found that human-caused climate change is the primary reason, pushing that season forward by roughly 11 days. The early onset of spring and following cherry tree blooms can result in some serious consequences that include blossoms mismatching with their pollinators (授粉者). And if winter continues to warm faster than summer in much of the U.S., the amount of exposure to cold weather that a tree requires in its winter period may not be met — resulting in some trees failing to flower at all in the spring. Peak bloom date may be advanced in the future. But the end result of not having any blossoms, if there’s no winter, may happen sooner than wethink. Not only are cherry trees a tool for scientists to understand changing temperatures, but the trees’ flowering also represents a “very visible” historical and cultural symbol for people to celebrate the onset of spring. For those who haven’t had the opportunity to wander under a line of blooming cherry blossom trees, Gonzalez says the experience is similar to “walking through a church.” 1．What do we know about the earlier blooming in D．C．? A．It results from human activities. B．It has not been clearly studied. C．It has an impact on global warming. D．It leads to the urban heat island effect. 2．What is a possible result of earlierblooming? A．The cherry trees will become extinct. B．Winters get warm faster thansummers. C．There will be a shortage of pollinators. D．It may bring about ecological disturbance. 3．What is the significance of cherry blossoms? A．Bringing spiritual comfort. B．Offering historical records. C．Preventing extreme weather. D．Spreading cultural knowledge. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The cherry trees rush to an early bloom B．Scientists predict cherry trees’ bloom timing C．This year’s cherry blossom: a warning sign D．Early cherry blossom peak: a natural wonder 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了全球变暖导致樱花提前开放的现象，以及这一现象可能带来的生态后果，同时强调了樱花对于人们的精神意义。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中““In D.C., the advance in blooming is probably consistent with, but not scientifically credited to, human-caused climate change,” said Gonzalez, a climate change scientist. Other possible causal influences include the urban heat island effect, he noted.(气候变化科学家冈萨雷斯说：“在华盛顿特区，樱花提前开放可能与人类引起的气候变化有关，但科学上并没有将其归因于此。他指出，其他可能的因果影响包括城市热岛效应。”)”可知，关于华盛顿特区樱花提前开放的原因，并没有明确的研究结论，可能是人类活动导致的气候变化，也可能是城市热岛效应等其他因素。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The early onset of spring and following cherry tree blooms can result in some serious consequences that include blossoms mismatching with their pollinators (授粉者). And if winter continues to warm faster than summer in much of the U.S., the amount of exposure to cold weather that a tree requires in its winter period may not be met — resulting in some trees failing to flower at all in the spring. (春天的提前到来和随后樱花树的开放会带来一些严重的后果，包括花朵与授粉者的不匹配。如果在美国大部分地区，冬天继续比夏天变暖得更快，那么树木在冬季所需的寒冷天气暴露量可能无法得到满足，从而导致一些树木在春天根本无法开花)”可知，樱花提前开放可能会导致花朵与授粉者的不匹配，以及树木因冬季温暖而无法满足开花所需的寒冷天气暴露量，进而无法开花。这些都是生态干扰的表现。故选D项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Not only are cherry trees a tool for scientists to understand changing temperatures, but the trees’ flowering also represents a “very visible” historical and cultural symbol for people to celebrate the onset of spring.(樱花树不仅是科学家了解温度变化的一种工具，而且樱花开放也代表着一种“非常显眼”的历史和文化象征，人们以此庆祝春天的到来)”可知，樱花对于人们来说，除了是科学家研究温度变化的工具外，还是庆祝春天到来的历史和文化象征，能够带来精神上的慰藉。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“But this year the flowers bloomed (开花) nearly two weeks in advance.(但今年这些花提前了近两周开放)”和第四段中“The early onset of spring and following cherry tree blooms can result in some serious consequences that include blossoms mismatching with their pollinators (授粉者).(春天的提前到来和随后樱花树的开放会带来一些严重的后果，包括花朵与授粉者的不匹配)”可知，本文主要介绍了全球变暖导致樱花提前开放的现象，以及这一现象可能带来的生态后果。C项“This year’s cherry blossom: a warning sign(今年的樱花：一个警告信号)”能够概括文章主旨，且能够吸引读者注意，引发读者思考。故选C项。 （24-25高一下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet. Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back. He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. In 2019, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different counties, they managed to create educational videos on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U.S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said. Cash was selected as one of America’s top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a $ 5,000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee Wildlife Federation. “I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean — if you love it and what lives in it — you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.” 1．Which can replace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2? A．Give up. B．Take part. C．Lend a hand. D．Pay no attention. 2．Why did Cash start the Cleanup Kids? A．To make instructive videos. B．To build a wider community. C．To appeal for ocean protection. D．To organize volunteers for cleanups. 3．Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels? A．Brave and talented. B．Generous and modest. C．Creative and humorous. D．Sympathetic and devoted. 4．What does Cash Daniels’ story imply? A．No pains, no gains. B．Passion fuels dreams. C．Helping others is great fun. D．Many hands make light work. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Cash Daniels从小热爱自然，发起环保行动的故事。 1．词句猜测题。由文章第二段“Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back. (Cash如今被称为“环保小卫士”，他一直热爱大自然。毕竟，他是在沿着查塔努加河钓鱼的过程中长大的！但当他得知陆地上和河流中80%的垃圾最终都流入了海洋后，他再也无法sit back。)”和第三段中“He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. (他从清理河边的垃圾做起，这件事很快就从一项家庭活动变成了社区的集体行动，志愿者和邻居们都参与了进来。)”可知，Cash被称为“环保小卫士”，了解到80%来自陆地和河流的垃圾最终会流入海洋后，他从清理河边的垃圾做起，他无法坐视不管。因此，sit back在此处的意思是“坐视不管，袖手旁观”。与Pay no attention意为“不注意，不理睬”意思相符。故选D。 2．细节理解题。由文章第三段中“In 219, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different counties, they managed to create educational videos on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U.S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said. (219 年，Cash和加拿大环保主义者Ella Galaski-Rossen一起创办了一个名为“Cleanup Kids”的非营利组织。尽管身处不同的国家，他们还是在自己的YouTube频道上制作了一些教育视频。Cash说：“我们希望把这个非营利组织发展壮大，消除美国和加拿大的塑料污染。”Cash还说：“我们想让那些地处内陆各州的孩子和成年人了解，他们的行为与河流和海洋之间存在着怎样的联系。”)”可知，Cash和加拿大环保主义者Ella Galaski-Rossen一起创立了Cleanup Kids这个非营利组织，旨在消除美国和加拿大的塑料垃圾，并向内陆州的孩子和成年人宣传他们的行为与水和海洋的联系。因此，Cash创立Cleanup Kids是为了呼吁保护海洋。故选C。 3．推理判断题。由文章第二段“Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back. (Cash如今被称为“环保小卫士”，他一直热爱大自然。毕竟，他是在沿着查塔努加河钓鱼的过程中长大的！但当他得知陆地上和河流中80%的垃圾最终都流入了海洋后，他再也无法坐视不管。)”和最后一段中““I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean — if you love it and what lives in it — you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.” (他说：“我想环游世界，教导他人，让他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你与海洋有了联系——如果你热爱海洋以及其中的生命——你就会想要保护它。”“这对我来说是一件有趣的事，而且每有一个新发现，就会让这件事变得更有趣。”)”可知，Cash热爱大自然，关心环境，所以他是富有同情心的。Cash想要环游世界，教育别人，帮助他们感受到与海洋的联系，所以他是有奉献精神的。故选D。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由第二段“Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back. (Cash如今被称为“环保小卫士”，他一直热爱大自然。毕竟，他是在沿着查塔努加河钓鱼的过程中长大的！但当他得知陆地上和河流中80%的垃圾最终都流入了海洋后，他再也无法坐视不管。)”和最后一段中““I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean — if you love it and what lives in it — you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.” (他说：“我想环游世界，教导他人，让他们感受到与海洋的联系。因为如果你与海洋有了联系——如果你热爱海洋以及其中的生命——你就会想要保护它。”“这对我来说是一件有趣的事，而且每有一个新发现，就会让这件事变得更有趣。”)”可知，文章主要讲述Cash Daniels从小热爱自然，了解到海洋垃圾问题后，积极参与河流清理工作，并创立了Cleanup Kids这个非营利组织来宣传海洋保护的故事。Cash Daniels的故事表明了他对保护海洋的热情和奉献精神，以及他的努力如何推动海洋保护事业的发展。因此，Cash Daniels的故事暗示了热情可以激发梦想。故选B。 （24-25高一下·广西南宁·阶段练习）By 2003, Anand Dhawaj Negi had already retired from his job to concentrate all of his energy on a project. Negi, a native of Sunam village in Kinnaur, took it upon himself to turn a desert patch of land in the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh into a green oasis (绿洲) just to show everyone, particularly the struggling farmers in the area that it could be done. It wasn’t an easy thing to do in the world, but the former government official knew what he was getting into and had the ambition and patience to see it through. A．D．Negi’s first attempt failed; the seeds he planted didn’t even start to grow due to lack of water. Then he employed a special growing method, and worked with local communities to create shallow irrigation (灌溉) channels that got streams from glaciers located about 25 kilometers away. After witnessing his progress, the local irrigation department also started giving a hand. When he first began his work in Himachal Pradesh, A．D．Negi spent all of his money on testing different combinations of local farming techniques with more scientific methods. It was a difficult process, but over time, the death rate of the plants went from around 85% to 1%. After showing that valuable plants like kidney beans, potatoes, green peas and apples could grow well even in the desert environment, the former government official began focusing on trees, as he considered them necessary for fighting against climate change in the region. With the help of just two volunteers, A．D．Negi managed to turn a patch of over 90 hectares of cold desert into a green oasis. People come from far and wide to witness this real-life miracle. Some come to buy Negi’s natural fertilizer (肥料) to grow their own crops, and others bring their cattle to eat grass on his farmland, as it is considered the best feed in the region. 1．What was Anand Dhawaj Negi’s project aimed at? A．Testing the life cycle of plants in the cold desert. B．Teaching struggling farmers to grow crops. C．Turning poor land into green space. D．Finding out the influence of a green oasis on the desert. 2．What was A．D．Negi’s first challenge? A．How to raise money for his project. B．How to supply water to his seeds. C．How to work with local organizations. D．How to grow more plants with limited space. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly meant to show? A．A．D．Negi’s green oasis is attractive to people. B．A．D．Negi’s work reminds people to fight against climate change. C．People’s living standards improve greatly thanks to Hegi. D．The variety of local animals increases quickly due to the green oasis. 4．What lesson can we learn from A．D．Negi’s story? A．Education is the key to success. B．It pays to put the theory into practice. C．Ups and downs make one strong. D．It is rewarding to try new things. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Anand Dhawaj Negi在退休后，致力于在沙漠地区种植绿植，最后那里形成了一片绿洲，他的工作也得到了人们的认可。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Negi, a native of Sunam village in Kinnaur, took it upon himself to turn a desert patch of land in the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh into a green oasis (绿洲) just to show everyone, particularly the struggling farmers in the area that it could be done.(Negi是Kinnaur Sunam村的人，他自己决定将喜马偕尔邦寒冷沙漠中的一片沙漠变成一片绿洲，只是为了向所有人，特别是该地区苦苦挣扎的农民展示这是可以做到的)”可知，Anand Dhawaj Negi开展这个项目是为了将贫瘠的土地变成绿地。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A. D. Negi’s first attempt failed; the seeds he planted didn’t even start to grow due to lack of water.(A. D. Negi的第一次尝试失败了；由于缺水，他种下的种子甚至没有开始生长)”可知，A. D. Negi遇到的第一个挑战是给种子灌溉的问题。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People come from far and wide to witness this real-life miracle. Some come to buy Negi’s natural fertilizer (肥料) to grow their own crops, and others bring their cattle to eat grass on his farmland, as it is considered the best feed in the region.(人们从四面八方赶来见证这一现实生活中的奇迹。一些人来购买Negi的天然肥料来种植自己的作物，另一些人则带着他们的牛在他的田里吃草，因为这被认为是该地区最好的饲料)”可知，人们从四面八方来到Negi的绿洲，有人买他的肥料，也有人带牲畜来吃草。由此可推测出，Negi的绿洲对人们很有吸引力。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段中的“Negi, a native of Sunam village in Kinnaur, took it upon himself to turn a desert patch of land in the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh into a green oasis (绿洲) just to show everyone, particularly the struggling farmers in the area that it could be done.(Negi是Kinnaur Sunam村的人，他自己决定将喜马偕尔邦寒冷沙漠中的一片沙漠变成一片绿洲，只是为了向所有人，特别是该地区苦苦挣扎的农民展示这是可以做到的)”可知，A. D. Negi在退休后，尝试在贫瘠的沙漠地区种植绿植，通过他的辛勤劳动，最后获得了成功，得到了人们的认可，他向人们展示这是可以做到的。我们从他的故事中可以学习到“尝试新事物会获得回报”。故选D。 （24-25高一下·江苏镇江·阶段练习）Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are one of the most astonishing and vital ecosystems on our planet. They are often referred to as the “rain forests of the sea” due to their rich biodiversity and significant ecological importance. Coral reefs are formed by the accumulation (积累) of calcium carbonate produced by tiny marine organisms (海洋生物) called coral polyps. These polyps work together over long periods of time to create large, complex structures that provide a habitat for a large collection of marine life. One of the remarkable features of coral reefs is the incredible diversity of species they support. Thousands of different types of fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and other marine creatures call coral reefs home. This diversity is not only a wonder to behold but also plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem. Reefs also offer important economic benefits. They attract tourists from all over the world, contributing to local economies through activities such as diving, and fishing. However, coral reefs are currently facing numerous threats. Climate change is a major concern, as rising sea temperatures cause coral bleaching. When water gets too warm, corals expel (排出) the symbiotic algae that gives them their color and provides essential nutrients, often leading to the death of the coral. Pollution, overfishing, and destructive fishing practices also pose significant risks to the health and survival of these delicate ecosystems. It is our responsibility to take action and protect coral reefs for the benefit of present and future generations. Only through our collective efforts can we hope to preserve these magnificent underwater landscapes and the countless species that depend on them. 1．The author mentions that coral reefs are often called the “rain forests of the sea” mainly to emphasize ______. A．their geographical distribution similar to rain forests B．the fact that they are as easy to be damaged as rain forests C．the high level of biodiversity and ecological significance D．the role they play in the global climate just like rain forests 2．What does the underlined word “delicate” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Weak. B．Unchanging. C．Strong. D．Unbreaking. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the protection of coral reefs? A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Supportive. 4．What might be the best title of this passage? A．Coral reefs: Treasure or Trash? B．Coral reefs: Winner or Loser? C．Coral reefs: From Hopeless to Hopeful D．Coral reefs: From Wonder to Worry 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珊瑚礁丰富的生物多样性、重要的生态意义以及带来的经济利益，也指出珊瑚礁面临的诸多威胁，如气候变化、污染、过度捕捞等，最后呼吁人们采取行动保护珊瑚礁。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“They are often referred to as the “rain forests of the sea” due to their rich biodiversity and significant ecological importance. (由于其丰富的生物多样性和重要的生态重要性，它们通常被称为“海洋雨林”。)”可知，作者提到珊瑚礁常被称为“海洋雨林”，主要是为了强调高度的生物多样性和生态意义。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Climate change is a major concern, as rising sea temperatures cause coral bleaching. When water gets too warm, corals expel (排出) the symbiotic algae that gives them their color and provides essential nutrients, often leading to the death of the coral. (气候变化是一个主要问题，因为海水温度上升导致珊瑚白化。当水变得太热时，珊瑚会排出共生藻类，而共生藻类赋予它们颜色并提供必需的营养，这通常会导致珊瑚死亡。)”以及“Pollution, overfishing, and destructive fishing practices also pose significant risks to the health and survival of these (污染、过度捕捞和破坏性捕捞也对这些……构成重大风险)”可知，珊瑚礁面临着许多威胁，如气候变化导致的珊瑚白化，以及污染、过度捕捞和破坏性捕捞等，这些都表明珊瑚礁生态系统很脆弱，容易受到破坏，故划线词意思是“脆弱的”与A选项意思相近。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is our responsibility to take action and protect coral reefs for the benefit of present and future generations. Only through our collective efforts can we hope to preserve these magnificent underwater landscapes and the countless species that depend on them. (为了今世后代的利益，我们有责任采取行动保护珊瑚礁。只有通过我们的共同努力，我们才有希望保护这些壮丽的水下景观和无数依赖它们生存的物种。)”可知，作者对保护珊瑚礁的态度是支持的。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are one of the most astonishing and vital ecosystems on our planet. (珊瑚礁是地球上最令人惊奇和最重要的生态系统之一。)”以及倒数第二段“However, coral reefs are currently facing numerous threats. (然而，珊瑚礁目前正面临着许多威胁。)”结合文章前半部分介绍了珊瑚礁丰富的生物多样性、重要的生态意义以及带来的经济利益，后半部分则指出珊瑚礁面临的诸多威胁，如气候变化、污染、过度捕捞等，最后呼吁人们采取行动保护珊瑚礁。从珊瑚礁的神奇之处到面临的担忧，可知，D选项“珊瑚礁：从惊奇到担心。”最符合文章标题。故选D。 （24-25高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Save the gorilla (大猩猩)! Protect tigers! Help the giant kangaroo rats! You’ve probably heard the first two slogans but maybe not the last one. We’re often interested in supporting the protection of animals like gorillas and tigers but less concerned for creatures like rats. Are our stereotypes (刻板印象) affecting which animals we choose to protect? Researchers have studied how people view animals based on two qualities: “warmth” (how friendly we think they are) and “competence” (how capable they seem). Animals we see as companions, such as dogs and monkeys, score high in both warmth and competence. This makes us eager to protect them. Predators (捕食者) like tigers and bears are seen as competent but not very warm. While some people admire these animals, others may fear or hunt them. Animals viewed as prey (猎物), like cows and rabbits, often receive less attention, but people are prepared to actively harm those considered pests, such as rats and mice. However, this might not be the full story. National Geographic Magazine asked their readers which animals were the most important to save. Four of the top five fit the companion or predator types-elephants, tigers, whales and polar bears. But the most popular animal to save was the bee. It seems that apart from concerns around warmth and competence, people are aware how species can affect the wider ecosystem and value bees as pollinators (传粉者). At present, 27,000 species are becoming extinct every year. How do zoos and protection projects decide which animals to support? One factor is the importance of an animal to the wider ecosystem, but this can lead to some difficult choices. It’s reported that in Australia, koalas are much less important to the ecosystem than some lesser-known animals such as woylies. However, they also suggest a solution to this issue. To conserve cute animals, such as koalas, it’s important to protect their entire habitat-and this can save a wide variety of species. It could be that many animals can be sheltered by koalas’ cuteness. 1．What’s the focus of the research? A．How human views affect animal protection efforts. B．What qualities different types of animal species have. C．How human activities influence wildlife populations. D．What characteristics affect public interest in species. 2．What do we know from paragraph 2? A．Companions are more capable than others. B．Predators are always feared and hunted. C．Animals seen as friendly are more protected. D．Pests are generally well-liked by people. 3．Why are bees an important species to save? A．They are popular pets among humans. B．They rank high in warmth and competence. C．They are the largest pollinators in ecosystems. D．They support species variety through pollination. 4．What’s the purpose of mentioning koalas in the last paragraph? A．To highlight the popularity of certain cute animals. B．To offer suggestions on effective koalas protection. C．To stress the difficulty of making conservation decisions. D．To inform readers of the importance of habitat protection. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人类对不同动物的观点会影响动物保护工作，以及生态系统中各物种的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“Are our stereotypes (刻板印象) affecting which animals we choose to protect?(我们的刻板印象是否影响了我们选择保护哪些动物？)”以及第二段中的“Researchers have studied how people view animals based on two qualities: “warmth” (how friendly we think they are) and “competence” (how capable they seem). Animals we see as companions, such as dogs and monkeys, score high in both warmth and competence. This makes us eager to protect them. (研究人员研究了人们基于两个特质来如何看待动物：“温暖”（我们认为它们有多友好）和“能力”（它们看起来有多能干）。像狗和猴子这样的伴侣动物在温暖和能力上都得分很高，这使我们热切地想要保护它们。)”可知，第一段通过提问的方式引出下文讲述的研究，第二段介绍的是人们对不同类型动物的态度影响是否保护这些动物，由此可知，研究关注的是人类的观点如何影响动物保护工作。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Animals we see as companions, such as dogs and monkeys, score high in both warmth and competence. This makes us eager to protect them.(我们视为同伴的动物，如狗和猴子，在温暖和能力方面得分都很高，这使我们热切地想要保护它们。)”可知，被视为友好的动物更可能得到人们的保护。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But the most popular animal to save was the bee. It seems that apart from concerns around warmth and competence, people are aware how species can affect the wider ecosystem and value bees as pollinators (传粉者).(但是，最受欢迎的保护动物是蜜蜂。看来，除了对温暖和能力的关注外，人们还意识到物种如何影响更广泛的生态系统，并重视蜜蜂作为传粉者的角色。)”可知，人们认识到某些物种对更大生态系统的重要性，由此可知，蜜蜂是重要的需要保护的物种的原因是它们通过授粉支持物种多样性。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据尾段中的“To conserve cute animals, such as koalas, it’s important to protect their entire habitat-and this can save a wide variety of species. It could be that many animals can be sheltered by koalas’ cuteness.(为了保护像考拉这样的可爱动物，保护它们的整个栖息地至关重要——这可以拯救多种多样的物种。可能许多动物因为考拉的可爱而得到庇护。)”可知，为了保护动物的栖息地有助于保护该物种，所以，这样做可以保护更多的物种，由此可知，文章提到考拉是为了告知读者保护栖息地的重要性。故选D项。 （24-25高一上·浙江杭州·期末）When nine-year-old Ella and Cash met at Ocean Heroes Bootcamp in July 2019, they immediately connected. Introduced by their moms at the University of British Columbia, they soon became an environmental-activism powerhouse duo (强强组合). “We knew we could make a difference together”, says Cash from Tennessee. Ella, now living in Florida, adds, “We became best friends immediately.” Their meeting quickly turned into action, leading to the creation of Cleanup Kids — a youth-led non-profit focused on environmental protection. Ella’s strong love for the environment began with a love for sharks, encouraged by bedtime stories about them, along with her experiences cleaning up trash along Vero Beach. Cash’s journey started at seven when he found a single plastic straw on the beach, highlighting the broader issue of plastic pollution threatening countless wildlife, including turtles and seabirds. Now both 14, they sometimes meet for sea-turtle freeing, scuba diving, or meeting, but mostly stay “closely connected online” while co-leading Cleanup Kids, which has grown to over 200 members worldwide and continues to grow. “My hope for Cleanup Kids is that it grows from hundreds to thousands of kids, causing a chain of effect that encourages others”, says Ella. Members are tasked with conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting the rubbish they collect, and aiming for a goal of one million pieces by year’s end, while also sorting and recycling items. In 2022, they were among 25 projects selected for the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, which honors exceptional young leaders in North America. How do you even begin to make that effect? Cash’s best advice is to start small. “I started with a couple of cleanups with my family. Don’t overdo it”, he says. “Kids may be a small part of the population, but we’re 100 percent of the future, and every little action counts.” 1．What do Ella and Cash have in common? A．They both live in beachside communities. B．They both worry about rubbish on the beach. C．They both have environmental activist parents. D．They both started environmental protection at seven. 2．What effect do Ella and Cash hope to make through Cleanup Kids? A．Local community connection. B．Creation of a worldwide recycling program. C．Children’s awareness of pollution. D．Development of new environmental policies. 3．Which of the following can best describe Ella and Cash? A．Curious and adventurous. B．Warm-hearted and generous. C．Supportive and outgoing. D．Responsible and determined. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Cleanup Kids: Small but Powerful B．Friends for Nature: Ella and Cash C．Green Organization: A Non-Profit Project D．Youth in Action: A Path to Change 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了“Cleanup Kids”这个由青少年主导的环保组织，虽然成员是青少年，但在环保方面发挥了很大作用。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ella’s strong love for the environment began with a love for sharks, encouraged by bedtime stories about them, along with her experiences cleaning up trash along Vero Beach. Cash’s journey started at seven when he found a single plastic straw on the beach, highlighting the broader issue of plastic pollution threatening countless wildlife, including turtles and seabirds.(Ella对环境的强烈热爱始于对鲨鱼的热爱，她在睡前听了关于鲨鱼的故事，以及她在维罗海滩清理垃圾的经历，鼓励了她。Cash的旅程始于7点，当时他在海滩上发现了一根塑料吸管，突显了塑料污染威胁着无数野生动物的更广泛问题，包括海龟和海鸟)”可知，Ella和Cash两人都有在海滩的经历且都担心海滩上的垃圾。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Members are tasked with conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting the rubbish they collect, and aiming for a goal of one million pieces by year’s end, while also sorting and recycling items.(会员的任务是每月至少进行一次清理，记录他们收集的垃圾，目标是到年底达到100万件，同时分类和回收物品)”可知，组织成员通过参与这些环保活动，能提高对污染的认识。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Their meeting quickly turned into action, leading to the creation of Cleanup Kids — a youth-led non-profit focused on environmental protection.(他们的会面很快变成了行动，导致了Cleanup Kids的成立——一个由年轻人领导的专注于环境保护的非营利组织)”和第四段中“Members are tasked with conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting the rubbish they collect, and aiming for a goal of one million pieces by year’s end, while also sorting and recycling items.(会员的任务是每月至少进行一次清理，记录他们收集的垃圾，目标是到年底达到100万件，同时分类和回收物品)”可知，从他们创立“Cleanup Kids”组织，并持续领导组织开展环保活动，如要求成员每月清理垃圾等，可看出他们有责任感且坚定。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“Their meeting quickly turned into action, leading to the creation of Cleanup Kids — a youth-led non-profit focused on environmental protection.(他们的会面很快变成了行动，导致了Cleanup Kids的成立——一个由年轻人领导的专注于环境保护的非营利组织)”可知，文章主要讲述了“Cleanup Kids”这个由青少年主导的环保组织，虽然成员是青少年，但在环保方面发挥了很大作用。A项“Cleanup Kids组织：小而强大”为最佳标题。故选A。 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高一上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Puppies (小狗) are able to request help at just 6 weeks old. They repeatedly alternating (交替) their eye contact between a nearby human and the situation they are struggling with, says Stefanie Riemer at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria. Dogs raised in shelters generally only start intentionally communicating with humans through their eye contact as young adults. But puppies brought up in someone’s home might speed up their communication with people, says Riemer. To learn more, Riemer and her colleagues studied 83 puppies, aged 41 to 52 days, of eight different types that were raised by 11 breeders (饲养员) in their homes. While the breeders were present, Riemer — with whom the puppies were familiar took each dog into an unknown room of its home. She then presented each puppy with an unsolvable task or a colourful, battery-operated toy similar to a paper bag, which she doubted the puppies would be careful about. For the task, the puppies first learned that food was under an overturned plastic cup, but it was later glued and couldn’t be knocked over. The researchers recorded if the puppies alternated contact between either the toy or the glued cup and a person’s face within 2 seconds. They discovered that 69 percent of them alternated their eye contact with the toy and 46 percent did so with the glued cup. The findings suggest that puppies often try to communicate with people when they have gained from repeated and early positive interactions with humans, says Kristy Gould at Luther College in Iowa. “They could be looking at the human to gain information about why they can’t solve the task or whether the new object is safe to interact with, or they could be looking at the human for agreement to interact further with the object since the human may or may not encourage this behaviour,” says Gould. 1．How does the writer develop paragraph 2? A．By giving a reason. B．By describing a process. C．By presenting a comparison. D．By providing a strategy. 2．What does Riemer’s study focus on? A．Why puppies are of different types. B．Whether puppies need home-raising. C．When puppies begin to interact with people. D．How puppies request help through eye contact. 3．What task did the researchers set for the puppies? A．Playing with an electric toy. B．Dealing with a difficult situation. C．Learning to get along with breeders. D．Finding food in an unfamiliar environment. 4．According to Kristy Gould, why do puppies look at humans? A．To know how to complete tasks quickly. B．To get people to join in playful activities. C．To find emotional support from humans. D．To gain agreement to keep communicating. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了奥地利维也纳兽医大学的一项研究，该研究探讨了小狗在年幼时就具备向人类求助的能力，特别是通过眼神交流来寻求帮助。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Dogs raised in shelters generally only start intentionally communicating with humans through their eye contact as young adults. But puppies brought up in someone's home might speed up their communication with people, says Riemer.(Riemer说，在收容所里长大的狗一般要到成年初期才会开始有意识地通过眼神交流与人类沟通。但在人们家中饲养长大的小狗可能会加快与人类的交流速度。)”可知，在此段中，作者将在收容所里长大的狗和在人们家中饲养长大的小狗进行了对比。指出在收容所长大的狗通常到成年初期才开始有意识地通过眼神交流与人类沟通，而在家中饲养的小狗可能会加快与人类的交流速度。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Puppies(小狗)are able to request help at just 6 weeks old. They repeatedly alternating(交替)their eye contact between a nearby human and the situation they are struggling with, says Stefanie Riemer at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria.(奥地利维也纳兽医大学的Stefanie Riemer表示，小狗在仅仅6周大的时候就能够请求帮助。它们会反复地在附近的人类和自己正在努力应对的状况之间交替进行眼神交流。)”以及第四段“The researchers recorded if the puppies alternated contact between either the toy or the glued cup and a person's face within 2 seconds. They discovered that 69 percent of them alternated their eye contact with the toy and 46 percent did so with the glued cup.(研究人员记录下小狗是否会在2秒内，在玩具或粘住的杯子与人的脸之间交替进行眼神交流。他们发现，69% 的小狗会在玩具和人之间交替进行眼神交流，46%的小狗会在粘住的杯子和人之间交替进行眼神交流。)”可知，Riemer 的研究是为了了解小狗与人类交流的情况，特别是它们是否能通过眼神交流来请求帮助。从她把小狗带到陌生房间，设置无法解决的任务以及放置玩具等操作，都是为了观察小狗是否会在困难情况和人之间进行眼神交流以寻求帮助，所以研究重点是小狗如何通过眼神交流请求帮助。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She then presented each puppy with an unsolvable task or a colourful, battery-operated toy similar to a paper bag, which she doubted the puppies would be careful about. For the task, the puppies first learned that food was under an overturned plastic cup, but it was later glued and couldn't be knocked over.(然后，她给每只小狗设置了一个无法解决的任务，或者拿出一个色彩鲜艳、电池驱动的玩具（类似一个纸袋），她觉得小狗们可能会对这个玩具有所警惕。在这个任务中，小狗们首先知道食物在一个倒扣的塑料杯下面，但后来杯子被粘住了，无法被弄翻。)”可知，研究人员给小狗设置了一个无法解决的任务，即小狗一开始知道食物在倒扣的塑料杯下，但后来杯子被粘住了，无法弄翻，这对小狗来说是一个难以处理的情况。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““They could be looking at the human to gain information about why they can't solve the task or whether the new object is safe to interact with, or they could be looking at the human for agreement to interact further with the object since the human may or may not encourage this behaviour, ” says Gould.( Gould说：“它们可能会看着人类，以获取信息，了解为什么自己无法完成任务，或者这个新物体是否可以安全地与之互动。又或者，它们可能会看着人类，以寻求进一步与该物体互动的许可，因为人类可能会鼓励这种行为，也可能不会。”)”可知，小狗看人类可能是为了获得与物品进一步互动的许可，这也可以理解为获得继续交流的许可。故选D。 （24-25高一下·安徽阜阳·阶段练习）I’m a zoologist and director of the Sloth (树懒) Conservation Foundation in Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, Costa Rica. I’m equipping the world’s slowest mammal with data-logging backpacks to better understand sloths’ behaviour. It’s surprisingly hard to catch a sloth. Although they’re slow — very, very slow — if you climb a tree to catch one, it will move along to the next tree. Once you climb the new tree, it will move back again. My team do this regularly, as we conduct the Sloth Backpack Project, a data-logging organization here in Costa Rica, where many sloths co-exist with people. In 2017, I wanted to do more than research, so I started the Sloth Conservation Foundation. Now, I’m fitting a backpack to a brown-throated three-fingered sloth that we named Baguette, after a nearby bakery. The backpack will collect data on her location, movement and living patterns. We had found Baguette about 20 minutes earlier, balancing at the top of construction fencing as she attempted to escape two bulls. Baguette wasn’t all that grateful. She’s an old girl. She’s old: she’s missing fingers, and she’s got scars on her face. I admire and envy sloths. They’re a powerful symbol of the slowness that our society needs more of. They don’t let anything stress them out unless it’s really important — they just get on with life. This year, I received a £50,000 Future For Nature award, which we will use to train a dog to detect sloth feces (粪便). We can use feces as a sign for sloth numbers and locations in the region, and eventually work out the boundaries of the species, how fast the populations are declining and which conservation measures work. I’m happy I’ve moved away from academia (学术界) — I can put all my energy into conservation. That’s what I feel ecology should focus on — how we can use what we’re learning to give back to other species. 1．What’s the function of data-logging backpacks? A．To help sloths to climb. B．To hold important books. C．To study sloths’ behaviour. D．To protect a sloth from its enemies. 2．Why was Baguette at the top of construction fencing? A．The author injured her face. B．She was there just for a rest. C．The author got too close to her. D．She was trying to keep herself safe. 3．What’s the author’s attitude toward sloths’ slowness? A．Appreciative. B．Regretful. C．Annoyed. D．Amused. 4．The author will make use of sloths’ feces to 　　　　. A．train the dog for her study B．help with their conservation C．study more animals in the future D．donate to an academic institution 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是通过给树懒佩戴数据记录背包及分析粪便，研究和保护这种神秘动物的行为与生存状态的努力。 1．细节理解题。根据首段中的“I’m equipping the world’s slowest mammal with data-logging backpacks to better understand sloths’ behaviour.(我正在为世界上行动最缓慢的哺乳动物装备数据记录背包，以便更好地了解树懒的行为)”可知，作者正在为树懒装上数据记录背包，目的是更好地研究树懒的行为。故选C项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“We had found Baguette about 20 minutes earlier, balancing at the top of construction fencing as she attempted to escape two bulls. Baguette wasn’t all that grateful.(大约20分钟前，我们发现了Baguette，她正试图躲避两头公牛而平衡在施工围栏的顶部。Baguette并不怎么感激我们的帮助)”可知，这只树懒稳稳地立在建筑围栏的顶部是为了逃离两头公牛的攻击，由此可知，它在试图保护自己。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I admire and envy sloths. They’re a powerful symbol of the slowness that our society needs more of. They don’t let anything stress them out unless it’s really important — they just get on with life.(我羡慕并欣赏树懒。它们是我们社会需要更多拥有的慢节奏生活的强大象征。除非真的非常重要，否则没有什么能让它们感到压力——它们只是继续生活)”可知，作者很赏识树懒能对抗压力的精神，因为这是我们这个社会所需要的。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“We can use feces as a sign for sloth numbers and locations in the region, and eventually work out the boundaries of the species, how fast the populations are declining and which conservation measures work.(我们可以利用粪便作为树懒数量和位置的指标，并最终确定物种的边界，种群下降的速度以及哪些保护措施有效)”可知，作者将利用树懒的粪便来帮助树懒的保护工作。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 Green Living 单元话题阅读理解练习 基础语篇巩固练 （24-25高一下·江苏·阶段练习）“Join our exciting wildlife watching tours and experience the holiday of a lifetime!” Eco-wildlife tours like this are becoming more and more popular with tourists. The opportunity to see whales and dolphins swimming in their natural habitat is so much better than seeing these great mammals in zoos and aquariums. As your boat edges out into the blue water, a group of dolphins come to greet you and swim around the boat, jumping playfully around you. In some places, tour companies even encourage tourists to go swimming with the dolphins. These smart mammals seem to enjoy our company and interact (互动) with us. But is it possible that this kind of human activity putting their survival at risk? A recent study has shown that the behavior of whales and dolphins changes greatly when they are close to boats. Interpreting (诠释) the boats as a possible danger, they start to breathe more quickly. The boats drive them away from the places where they feed and interrupt (打扰) their routine of resting and taking care of their young. All of these factors could have a very negative effect on their general health. Another factor that should be taken into account is the effect of human attention on the animals. As they become more used to interacting with humans, they become less afraid of them. There have been several cases of tour boats running into dolphins or whales and causing their deaths. As dolphins live within close communities, events like these cause a lot of stress. Perhaps the best way to protect these animals is to reduce our interaction with them. We could do by keeping a minimum distance between the animals and the boats, and by limiting the number of boats out on the water at one time. Most importantly, instead of interrupting these animals’ routines (日常生活), we should try to adapt to them. In this way, we could learn to stay in harmony with these wild animals and ensure our continued co-existence on the planet that we shall share. 1．Why are Eco wildlife tours increasingly popular? A．Wild animals really enjoy our company. B．Tourists can watch wild animals closely. C．Visitors can play with wild animals easily. D．Tour companies Advertised them too much. 2．What’s the author’s attitude towards Eco-wildlife tours? A．Indifferent. B．Supportive. C．Critical. D．Concerned. 3．What can we learn from the recent study? A．The visiting boats cause great terror for whales and dolphins. B．Boats separate young whales and dolphins from their parents. C．Human’s attention is of great benefit to whales and dolphins. D．Getting too close to wild animals may bring trouble to them. 4．How to stay in harmony with wild animals according to the text? A．By avoiding using our boats. B．By interacting less with them. C．By changing our daily routines. D．By visiting their habitats regularly. （24-25高一下·河南漯河·阶段练习）Kyoto’s cherry blossoms — or sakura (樱花) — draw crowds from across the world. But this year the flowers bloomed (开花) nearly two weeks in advance. Global warming, largely driven by fossil fuel (化石燃料), stimulated (刺激) temperatures so high in 2023 that became the hottest year in history. Warmer springs causing earlier blooms is a phenomenon not just related to Kyoto’s famous sakuras, but something scientists are also observing elsewhere - including in Washington D．C． Although flowering times vary annually, the long-term trend shows earlier blooming in D．C． “In D．C．, the advance in blooming is probably consistent with, but not scientifically credited to, human-caused climate change,” said Gonzalez, a climate change scientist. Other possible causal influences include the urban heat island effect, he noted. That’s where the research in Kyoto is critical. The city’s sakura records go back more than 1,200 years. In 2020, 2021, and 2023, Kyoto’s sakura saw record-early blooms. A 2022 study found that human-caused climate change is the primary reason, pushing that season forward by roughly 11 days. The early onset of spring and following cherry tree blooms can result in some serious consequences that include blossoms mismatching with their pollinators (授粉者). And if winter continues to warm faster than summer in much of the U.S., the amount of exposure to cold weather that a tree requires in its winter period may not be met — resulting in some trees failing to flower at all in the spring. Peak bloom date may be advanced in the future. But the end result of not having any blossoms, if there’s no winter, may happen sooner than wethink. Not only are cherry trees a tool for scientists to understand changing temperatures, but the trees’ flowering also represents a “very visible” historical and cultural symbol for people to celebrate the onset of spring. For those who haven’t had the opportunity to wander under a line of blooming cherry blossom trees, Gonzalez says the experience is similar to “walking through a church.” 1．What do we know about the earlier blooming in D．C．? A．It results from human activities. B．It has not been clearly studied. C．It has an impact on global warming. D．It leads to the urban heat island effect. 2．What is a possible result of earlierblooming? A．The cherry trees will become extinct. B．Winters get warm faster thansummers. C．There will be a shortage of pollinators. D．It may bring about ecological disturbance. 3．What is the significance of cherry blossoms? A．Bringing spiritual comfort. B．Offering historical records. C．Preventing extreme weather. D．Spreading cultural knowledge. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．The cherry trees rush to an early bloom B．Scientists predict cherry trees’ bloom timing C．This year’s cherry blossom: a warning sign D．Early cherry blossom peak: a natural wonder （24-25高一下·浙江杭州·阶段练习）When most kids go to the beach, they’re too focused on making sandcastles and splashing around to notice litter, but several years ago, for 7-year-old Cash Daniels, noticing a plastic straw sparked a lifelong passion for saving the planet. Cash, who is now known as the “conservation kid”, has always loved nature. He grew up fishing along the Chattanooga River, after all! But once he learned that 80 percent of all trash from land and rivers ends up in the ocean, he couldn’t sit back. He started with cleanups along the river, something that quickly went from a family affair to a community effort with volunteers and neighbors. In 2019, Cash, together with a Canadian conservationist, Ella Galaski-Rossen, started a nonprofit called the Cleanup Kids. Despite living in different counties, they managed to create educational videos on their YouTube channel. “We hope to be a really big nonprofit that eliminates plastic in the U.S. and Canada,” Cash said. “We want to inform kids and adults in the landlocked states on how their actions are connected to the water and the ocean,” Cash said. Cash was selected as one of America’s top 10 youth volunteers of 2021 by the Prudential Spirit of Community Awards. He also earned the title of National Honoree, where he received a $ 5,000 grant to go to a nonprofit of his choice, and he became the first person to win the Youth Conservationist Award two years in a row from the Tennessee Wildlife Federation. “I want to travel the world, teach others, and help them feel connected to the ocean. Because if you are connected to the ocean — if you love it and what lives in it — you’ll want to protect it,” he said. “This is my fun, and it becomes more fun with every new discovery.” 1．Which can replace the underlined words “sit back” in paragraph 2? A．Give up. B．Take part. C．Lend a hand. D．Pay no attention. 2．Why did Cash start the Cleanup Kids? A．To make instructive videos. B．To build a wider community. C．To appeal for ocean protection. D．To organize volunteers for cleanups. 3．Which of the following best describes Cash Daniels? A．Brave and talented. B．Generous and modest. C．Creative and humorous. D．Sympathetic and devoted. 4．What does Cash Daniels’ story imply? A．No pains, no gains. B．Passion fuels dreams. C．Helping others is great fun. D．Many hands make light work. （24-25高一下·广西南宁·阶段练习）By 2003, Anand Dhawaj Negi had already retired from his job to concentrate all of his energy on a project. Negi, a native of Sunam village in Kinnaur, took it upon himself to turn a desert patch of land in the cold desert of Himachal Pradesh into a green oasis (绿洲) just to show everyone, particularly the struggling farmers in the area that it could be done. It wasn’t an easy thing to do in the world, but the former government official knew what he was getting into and had the ambition and patience to see it through. A．D．Negi’s first attempt failed; the seeds he planted didn’t even start to grow due to lack of water. Then he employed a special growing method, and worked with local communities to create shallow irrigation (灌溉) channels that got streams from glaciers located about 25 kilometers away. After witnessing his progress, the local irrigation department also started giving a hand. When he first began his work in Himachal Pradesh, A．D．Negi spent all of his money on testing different combinations of local farming techniques with more scientific methods. It was a difficult process, but over time, the death rate of the plants went from around 85% to 1%. After showing that valuable plants like kidney beans, potatoes, green peas and apples could grow well even in the desert environment, the former government official began focusing on trees, as he considered them necessary for fighting against climate change in the region. With the help of just two volunteers, A．D．Negi managed to turn a patch of over 90 hectares of cold desert into a green oasis. People come from far and wide to witness this real-life miracle. Some come to buy Negi’s natural fertilizer (肥料) to grow their own crops, and others bring their cattle to eat grass on his farmland, as it is considered the best feed in the region. 1．What was Anand Dhawaj Negi’s project aimed at? A．Testing the life cycle of plants in the cold desert. B．Teaching struggling farmers to grow crops. C．Turning poor land into green space. D．Finding out the influence of a green oasis on the desert. 2．What was A．D．Negi’s first challenge? A．How to raise money for his project. B．How to supply water to his seeds. C．How to work with local organizations. D．How to grow more plants with limited space. 3．What is the last paragraph mainly meant to show? A．A．D．Negi’s green oasis is attractive to people. B．A．D．Negi’s work reminds people to fight against climate change. C．People’s living standards improve greatly thanks to Hegi. D．The variety of local animals increases quickly due to the green oasis. 4．What lesson can we learn from A．D．Negi’s story? A．Education is the key to success. B．It pays to put the theory into practice. C．Ups and downs make one strong. D．It is rewarding to try new things. （24-25高一下·江苏镇江·阶段练习）Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are one of the most astonishing and vital ecosystems on our planet. They are often referred to as the “rain forests of the sea” due to their rich biodiversity and significant ecological importance. Coral reefs are formed by the accumulation (积累) of calcium carbonate produced by tiny marine organisms (海洋生物) called coral polyps. These polyps work together over long periods of time to create large, complex structures that provide a habitat for a large collection of marine life. One of the remarkable features of coral reefs is the incredible diversity of species they support. Thousands of different types of fish, crustaceans, mollusks, and other marine creatures call coral reefs home. This diversity is not only a wonder to behold but also plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem. Reefs also offer important economic benefits. They attract tourists from all over the world, contributing to local economies through activities such as diving, and fishing. However, coral reefs are currently facing numerous threats. Climate change is a major concern, as rising sea temperatures cause coral bleaching. When water gets too warm, corals expel (排出) the symbiotic algae that gives them their color and provides essential nutrients, often leading to the death of the coral. Pollution, overfishing, and destructive fishing practices also pose significant risks to the health and survival of these delicate ecosystems. It is our responsibility to take action and protect coral reefs for the benefit of present and future generations. Only through our collective efforts can we hope to preserve these magnificent underwater landscapes and the countless species that depend on them. 1．The author mentions that coral reefs are often called the “rain forests of the sea” mainly to emphasize ______. A．their geographical distribution similar to rain forests B．the fact that they are as easy to be damaged as rain forests C．the high level of biodiversity and ecological significance D．the role they play in the global climate just like rain forests 2．What does the underlined word “delicate” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Weak. B．Unchanging. C．Strong. D．Unbreaking. 3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the protection of coral reefs? A．Negative. B．Indifferent. C．Objective. D．Supportive. 4．What might be the best title of this passage? A．Coral reefs: Treasure or Trash? B．Coral reefs: Winner or Loser? C．Coral reefs: From Hopeless to Hopeful D．Coral reefs: From Wonder to Worry （24-25高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Save the gorilla (大猩猩)! Protect tigers! Help the giant kangaroo rats! You’ve probably heard the first two slogans but maybe not the last one. We’re often interested in supporting the protection of animals like gorillas and tigers but less concerned for creatures like rats. Are our stereotypes (刻板印象) affecting which animals we choose to protect? Researchers have studied how people view animals based on two qualities: “warmth” (how friendly we think they are) and “competence” (how capable they seem). Animals we see as companions, such as dogs and monkeys, score high in both warmth and competence. This makes us eager to protect them. Predators (捕食者) like tigers and bears are seen as competent but not very warm. While some people admire these animals, others may fear or hunt them. Animals viewed as prey (猎物), like cows and rabbits, often receive less attention, but people are prepared to actively harm those considered pests, such as rats and mice. However, this might not be the full story. National Geographic Magazine asked their readers which animals were the most important to save. Four of the top five fit the companion or predator types-elephants, tigers, whales and polar bears. But the most popular animal to save was the bee. It seems that apart from concerns around warmth and competence, people are aware how species can affect the wider ecosystem and value bees as pollinators (传粉者). At present, 27,000 species are becoming extinct every year. How do zoos and protection projects decide which animals to support? One factor is the importance of an animal to the wider ecosystem, but this can lead to some difficult choices. It’s reported that in Australia, koalas are much less important to the ecosystem than some lesser-known animals such as woylies. However, they also suggest a solution to this issue. To conserve cute animals, such as koalas, it’s important to protect their entire habitat-and this can save a wide variety of species. It could be that many animals can be sheltered by koalas’ cuteness. 1．What’s the focus of the research? A．How human views affect animal protection efforts. B．What qualities different types of animal species have. C．How human activities influence wildlife populations. D．What characteristics affect public interest in species. 2．What do we know from paragraph 2? A．Companions are more capable than others. B．Predators are always feared and hunted. C．Animals seen as friendly are more protected. D．Pests are generally well-liked by people. 3．Why are bees an important species to save? A．They are popular pets among humans. B．They rank high in warmth and competence. C．They are the largest pollinators in ecosystems. D．They support species variety through pollination. 4．What’s the purpose of mentioning koalas in the last paragraph? A．To highlight the popularity of certain cute animals. B．To offer suggestions on effective koalas protection. C．To stress the difficulty of making conservation decisions. D．To inform readers of the importance of habitat protection. （24-25高一上·浙江杭州·期末）When nine-year-old Ella and Cash met at Ocean Heroes Bootcamp in July 2019, they immediately connected. Introduced by their moms at the University of British Columbia, they soon became an environmental-activism powerhouse duo (强强组合). “We knew we could make a difference together”, says Cash from Tennessee. Ella, now living in Florida, adds, “We became best friends immediately.” Their meeting quickly turned into action, leading to the creation of Cleanup Kids — a youth-led non-profit focused on environmental protection. Ella’s strong love for the environment began with a love for sharks, encouraged by bedtime stories about them, along with her experiences cleaning up trash along Vero Beach. Cash’s journey started at seven when he found a single plastic straw on the beach, highlighting the broader issue of plastic pollution threatening countless wildlife, including turtles and seabirds. Now both 14, they sometimes meet for sea-turtle freeing, scuba diving, or meeting, but mostly stay “closely connected online” while co-leading Cleanup Kids, which has grown to over 200 members worldwide and continues to grow. “My hope for Cleanup Kids is that it grows from hundreds to thousands of kids, causing a chain of effect that encourages others”, says Ella. Members are tasked with conducting at least one cleanup per month, documenting the rubbish they collect, and aiming for a goal of one million pieces by year’s end, while also sorting and recycling items. In 2022, they were among 25 projects selected for the Gloria Barron Prize for Young Heroes, which honors exceptional young leaders in North America. How do you even begin to make that effect? Cash’s best advice is to start small. “I started with a couple of cleanups with my family. Don’t overdo it”, he says. “Kids may be a small part of the population, but we’re 100 percent of the future, and every little action counts.” 1．What do Ella and Cash have in common? A．They both live in beachside communities. B．They both worry about rubbish on the beach. C．They both have environmental activist parents. D．They both started environmental protection at seven. 2．What effect do Ella and Cash hope to make through Cleanup Kids? A．Local community connection. B．Creation of a worldwide recycling program. C．Children’s awareness of pollution. D．Development of new environmental policies. 3．Which of the following can best describe Ella and Cash? A．Curious and adventurous. B．Warm-hearted and generous. C．Supportive and outgoing. D．Responsible and determined. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Cleanup Kids: Small but Powerful B．Friends for Nature: Ella and Cash C．Green Organization: A Non-Profit Project D．Youth in Action: A Path to Change 重难语篇拔高练 （24-25高一上·浙江嘉兴·期末）Puppies (小狗) are able to request help at just 6 weeks old. They repeatedly alternating (交替) their eye contact between a nearby human and the situation they are struggling with, says Stefanie Riemer at the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna in Austria. Dogs raised in shelters generally only start intentionally communicating with humans through their eye contact as young adults. But puppies brought up in someone’s home might speed up their communication with people, says Riemer. To learn more, Riemer and her colleagues studied 83 puppies, aged 41 to 52 days, of eight different types that were raised by 11 breeders (饲养员) in their homes. While the breeders were present, Riemer — with whom the puppies were familiar took each dog into an unknown room of its home. She then presented each puppy with an unsolvable task or a colourful, battery-operated toy similar to a paper bag, which she doubted the puppies would be careful about. For the task, the puppies first learned that food was under an overturned plastic cup, but it was later glued and couldn’t be knocked over. The researchers recorded if the puppies alternated contact between either the toy or the glued cup and a person’s face within 2 seconds. They discovered that 69 percent of them alternated their eye contact with the toy and 46 percent did so with the glued cup. The findings suggest that puppies often try to communicate with people when they have gained from repeated and early positive interactions with humans, says Kristy Gould at Luther College in Iowa. “They could be looking at the human to gain information about why they can’t solve the task or whether the new object is safe to interact with, or they could be looking at the human for agreement to interact further with the object since the human may or may not encourage this behaviour,” says Gould. 1．How does the writer develop paragraph 2? A．By giving a reason. B．By describing a process. C．By presenting a comparison. D．By providing a strategy. 2．What does Riemer’s study focus on? A．Why puppies are of different types. B．Whether puppies need home-raising. C．When puppies begin to interact with people. D．How puppies request help through eye contact. 3．What task did the researchers set for the puppies? A．Playing with an electric toy. B．Dealing with a difficult situation. C．Learning to get along with breeders. D．Finding food in an unfamiliar environment. 4．According to Kristy Gould, why do puppies look at humans? A．To know how to complete tasks quickly. B．To get people to join in playful activities. C．To find emotional support from humans. D．To gain agreement to keep communicating. （24-25高一下·安徽阜阳·阶段练习）I’m a zoologist and director of the Sloth (树懒) Conservation Foundation in Puerto Viejo de Talamanca, Costa Rica. I’m equipping the world’s slowest mammal with data-logging backpacks to better understand sloths’ behaviour. It’s surprisingly hard to catch a sloth. Although they’re slow — very, very slow — if you climb a tree to catch one, it will move along to the next tree. Once you climb the new tree, it will move back again. My team do this regularly, as we conduct the Sloth Backpack Project, a data-logging organization here in Costa Rica, where many sloths co-exist with people. In 2017, I wanted to do more than research, so I started the Sloth Conservation Foundation. Now, I’m fitting a backpack to a brown-throated three-fingered sloth that we named Baguette, after a nearby bakery. The backpack will collect data on her location, movement and living patterns. We had found Baguette about 20 minutes earlier, balancing at the top of construction fencing as she attempted to escape two bulls. Baguette wasn’t all that grateful. She’s an old girl. She’s old: she’s missing fingers, and she’s got scars on her face. I admire and envy sloths. They’re a powerful symbol of the slowness that our society needs more of. They don’t let anything stress them out unless it’s really important — they just get on with life. This year, I received a £50,000 Future For Nature award, which we will use to train a dog to detect sloth feces (粪便). We can use feces as a sign for sloth numbers and locations in the region, and eventually work out the boundaries of the species, how fast the populations are declining and which conservation measures work. I’m happy I’ve moved away from academia (学术界) — I can put all my energy into conservation. That’s what I feel ecology should focus on — how we can use what we’re learning to give back to other species. 1．What’s the function of data-logging backpacks? A．To help sloths to climb. B．To hold important books. C．To study sloths’ behaviour. D．To protect a sloth from its enemies. 2．Why was Baguette at the top of construction fencing? A．The author injured her face. B．She was there just for a rest. C．The author got too close to her. D．She was trying to keep herself safe. 3．What’s the author’s attitude toward sloths’ slowness? A．Appreciative. B．Regretful. C．Annoyed. D．Amused. 4．The author will make use of sloths’ feces to 　　　　. A．train the dog for her study B．help with their conservation C．study more animals in the future D．donate to an academic institution 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$