Unit 8 Green Living单元测试-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（北师大版2019）

Unit 8 Green Living单元测试 （考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共30分，略） 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Melbourne Airport is the second busiest airport in Australia. If you’re one of those lucky people passing through Melbourne, here’s what you need to know about it. Melbourne Airport Code, Location, and Contact Information • Melbourne Airport Code: MEL • Location: Departure Dr, Tullamarine, Victoria, Australia 3045 • Website: https: //www. melbourneairport. com. au/ • Phone Number: +61392971600 Know Before You Go Melbourne Airport is a busy airport with four terminals (航站楼). There are clear signs throughout each terminal to help you make your way through check-in and security. Before your flight, you can check which terminal your airline is in on the Melbourne Airport website. In general. Terminal 1 is a Qantas domestic center, Terminal 2 is international flights. Terminal 3 is a Virgin Australia domestic center, and Terminal 4 is all other domestic airlines such as Jetstar and Tiger Air. Where to Eat and Drink Melbourne is a big, food-loving city and it shows that in its airport. Whether you’re looking for a quick grab-and-go meal or a sit-down experience, there are plenty of choices. Some of the best spots for eating and drinking include Cafe Vu (Terminal 2), which offers French-inspired food. Brunetti (Terminals 2 and 4) us an excellent spot for tasting Melbourne’s coffee and biting into an Italian deasert. Baxa (Terminal 2) is a Vietnamese fast-casual restaurant that serves warm noodles. Check out Two Johns Taphouse (Terminal 2 and 4) for a local beer and pub food. WiFi and Charging Station Melbourne Airport offers free WiFi throughout its terminals. To connect to the “Airport Free WiFi,” simply enter your details, accept the terms and conditions, and click “start browsing.” Charging stations are freely available and located throughout the airport. 1．Which terminal do passengers need to go to when flying from Melbourne to London? A．Terminal 1. B．Terminal 2. C．Terminal 3. D．Terminal 4. 2．Which restaurant in Melbourne Airport serves Asian food? A．Baxa. B．Brunetti. C．Cafe Vu. D．Two Johns Taphouse. 3．What is required for a passenger to use free WiFi? A．Buying a telephone card. B．Setting up an application. C．Filling in personal information. D．Calling +61392971600 for code. B The pond is silent — until the first cry: “Found something!” A swimmer ducks into the water. She emerges, fist first, clutching a pair of bright blue children’s swimming goggles. She shakes them overhead, as if she has won a prize. Over the next hour, on a cloudy Saturday morning in July, the team of 15 — all over age 65, all women — hunts for trash across Mares Pond, a 28-acre kettle hole on Cape Cod, at depths of up to 8 feet. These are the Old Ladies Against Underwater Garbage (OLAUG). Since 2017, the group, which accepts only older women as members, has made it its mission to remove trash from ponds across Cape Cod. The group’s existence is owed to Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. As a lifelong nature fan, she had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean. However, between mud, darkness and snapping turtles, the world of the pond was at first one of anxiety for her. In 2017, on a whim, she rounded up two friends and a stranger with a kayak and together, they cleared a large amount of litter from a pond. Soon others joined them, and, like Baur, they found a sense of wonder in the pond cleanups. While many outsiders have expressed their gratitude to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds, some have questioned why they refer to themselves as “old ladies”. Others have said she should open the group to all ages, and to men. Although she admits that it wasn’t initially a thoughtful choice, she now believes that the “old lady” identity is a crucial part of what the group is about. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” Baur says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this.” 4．Why was the group OLAUG founded? A．To promote an active way of life. B．To rescue children from the ponds. C．To clean up garbage in the ponds. D．To advocate swimming to keep fit. 5．What do we know about Susan Baur from the text? A．She longs for a quiet retired life. B．She cares about old ladies' life. C．She is keen on physical training. D．She is a nature-loving woman. 6．What is some people’s suggestion to the group? A．To be more inclusive. B．To broaden its business. C．To rename the group. D．To be more independent. 7．Why does Baur particularly care about their “old lady” identity? A．It helps to promote their image. B．It helps boost their sense of pride. C．It benefits their physical health. D．It helps them win more respect. C Imagine a herd of 100 life-sized elephant sculptures, each crafted by native Indian craftsmen, traveling around the world. This is The Great Elephant Migration — a campaign that uses a unique combination of art, conservation and cultural heritage to raise awareness about wildlife protection and the importance of living in harmony with nature. By transforming public spaces with these striking sculptures,The Great Elephant Migration aims to inspire a global movement to protect endangered species and promote sustainable coexistence between humans and wildlife. Each elephant in the migration is a perfect replica (复制品) crafted by The Coexistence Collective, a community of 200 native Indian craftsmen from the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve. Over the past five years, this collective has beautifully brought to life every elephant they live alongside, capturing each one in sculptural detail. The sculptures are made from Lantana camara, an invasive plant species causing significant ecological damage in India. By using this material, the project not only transforms a problem into art but also helps in the large-scale removal of Lantana from protected areas, freeing up more space for wildlife and contributing to forest restoration. The migration began its march in the US on July 4, 2024, and is set to cover several locations across North America and conclude in Los Angeles, California, in September 2025. At each stop, the herd transforms public spaces, inviting local communities and visitors to engage with the sculptures and the stories they represent. The migration serves as a poignant metaphor for the real-life migrations of animals, which are increasingly threatened by human activities and climate change. The Great Elephant Migration is more than a visual sight; it’s a call to action.Funds raised through the sale of the elephant sculptures will support conservation projects around the world, particularly those promoting coexistence with wildlife. 8．What’s the aim of The Great Elephant Migration? A．To introduce Indian craftsmanship globally. B．To highlight the threats faced by Asian elephants. C．To promote a global wildlife conservation initiative. D．To advocate art as a universal language of wildlife protection. 9．What does the underlined “a problem” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．The decline of the population of elephants. B．The damage caused by invasive plant species. C．The limited space available for animal habitats. D．The lack of awareness about wildlife conservation. 10．How do local communities get involved in the campaign during the tour? A．By donating to fund wildlife protection. B．By creating elephant sculptures in person. C．By learning about real-life animal migrations. D．By exploring conservation stories behind sculptures 11．What might be the best title for the text? A．Elephants Marching Across the U. S. B．Lantana Elephants: A Visual Treat C．Making an Impact through Conservation D．A Moving Celebration of Coexistence and Conservation D Every time we make a new video or send an email, or post a photo of our latest meal, it’s like turning on a small light that’ll never be turned off. This points to an uncomfortable and modern question: To help save the planet, should we be using less data? The answer could be a key point to living in the AI age. The goal of climate action, according to Berners-Lee, the author of The Carbon (碳) Footprint of Everything, is “to leave the world’s fossil (化石) fuel (燃料) in the ground.” However, in the absence of systemic change, our personal data-usage decisions are really small. The big players are making it harder for a single person to do even a very small part, as they roll out difficult-to-avoid AI features. Google recently announced that it is testing a Gmail feature that writes your emails with AI. With Apple Intelligence, anyone with an iPhone, an iPad, or a Mac may struggle to check the weather or set a reminder without a large language model. A similar thing is happening with Internet-connected products. Today, about 400 million homes worldwide have at least one “smart” product. By 2028, that number is expected to nearly double. Not all of that growth is fueled by customer demand. Recently, I had to settle for an electric toothbrush with less battery life and less brushing power because the top model had “smart” Internet-enabled features that I don’t want. We are being led into a world where it’s harder to do anything without turning on a digital light. When we face a digital decision, the less data-thirsty choice will often be the smarter one, regardless of whether we can measure how much it helps the environment. AI-based search tools not only use more fossil fuels and water, they are providing false information. Maybe we don’t need to turn everything into data. If I put down my phone the next time I’m on a train, it won’t save the planet. But I’ll be looking out of the window with my own eyes, creating a memory that brings no carbon at all. 12．What’s the purpose of climate action according to Berners-Lee? A．To reduce the use of carbon. B．To keep a record of carbon use. C．To call for everyone to make a difference. D．To stop using the fossil fuel in the ground. 13．What are the big players doing? A．They are trying to make it difficult to use AI. B．They are bringing convenience to people by Al. C．They are helping people to play their part by AI. D．They are making people faced with AI challenges. 14．Why does the author mention the toothbrush? A．To show one of the digital decisions that he ever made. B．To show some smart functions are not really necessary. C．To show the fast development of information technology. D．To show the growth of “smart” products can’t be controlled. 15．What does the author suggest in the last paragraph? A．Seeing is believing. B．Memory is more important. C．Everyone can contribute to saving the planet. D．Travelling without phones brings no carbon. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项 A new study on plastic waste has named Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, Nestlé and Danone as the biggest sources at plastic pollution in the world. 16 They looked at 84 countries to see where their plastic garbage came from. Between 2018 and 2022, more than 100, 000 volunteers collected plastic waste from beaches, parks, rivers, and cither sites. 17 Much of the waste was single-use food and drink containers. In other words, cups, glasses and containers that only get used once and then thrown in the garbage. 18 PepsiCo was responsible for more than 45, 000 pieces (5 percent), and Nestle and Danone were each responsible for more than 27, 000 pieces (3 percent). Altogether, 56 companies is to blame for the plastic waste. 19 Animals, birds and fish can eat, choke on, or become tangled (缠绕) in pieces of throw-away plastic. People can absorb microplastics through our food or water. Plastic also contributes to global warming, because fossil fuels arc used to manufacture plastics. More than 400 million metric tons of plastic are produced every year. 20 In late April, members of the Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee-a special United Nations committee on the environment-met in Ottawa to discuss ways to end plastic pollution. A．An environmental group did the study. B．Plastic waste is harmful to the environment. C．Plastic waste can be kept under control D．Half of that will end up as rubbish in less than a year. E．Reducing the amount of plastic is even more important. F．More than 100,000 pieces came from Coca-Cola products. G．They gathered more than 1.8 million pieces of plastic garbage. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 After my graduation from college, I was always worried about my financial (财务的) situation. Things changed when I got a job at a library and also accepted a part-time job. I became 21 about future. But how was I going to 22 two jobs at the same time? I thought, looking out of the window. A squirrel (松鼠) was making his way down a tree. It was 23 for him to climb up and down easily like other squirrels with a piece of bread in his mouth. How was he going to manage that? I held my breath and cheered him on in my 24 . He moved down with 25 , holding onto the tree. When he finally 26 the ground, he pulled the bread behind him. His journey was not 27 yet, so he kept trying! It was 28 that this squirrel and I had a lot in common. I had my own bread to 29 and my own trees to climb. I moved from one 30 to another to follow the 31 of the squirrel’s action. Slowly but surely, he 32 it to the roadside and stopped to check on the traffic. Finally, the squirrel crossed the road 33 with his meal. When he entered the bushes (灌木丛), I cheered even though I couldn’t watch his next 34 . Then I went upstairs to get ready for the 35 before me. “You can do it,” I told myself. 21．A．anxious B．bored C．hopeful D．confused 22．A．apply for B．deal with C．clean up D．give up 23．A．necessary B．digital C．funny D．difficult 24．A．shelter B．system C．temple D．mind 25．A．aid B．character C．care D．surprise 26．A．skied. B．flooded C．dug D．reached 27．A．preserved B．finished C．prepared D．exchanged 28．A．impossible B．terrible C．obvious D．convenient 29．A．search B．invent C．hurt D．carry 30．A．window B．carry C．tree D．lecture 31．A．creation B．habit C．progress D．training 32．A．quit B．hided C．lent D．made 33．A．suddenly B．normally C．safely D．secretly 34．A．failure B．brick C．proposal D．move 35．A．disasters B．comments C．mistakes D．challenges 第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Because of the fast pace of social life, a good sleep is sometimes beyond our reach. Maybe you didn’t get enough sleep last night, but chances are you’re still doing better than the 36 (type) northern elephant seal. Scientists 37 (discover) the massive creatures are often getting less shut-eye than most others in the animal kingdom recently. For months at a time, they go on long voyages 38 they migrate thousands of miles off the Pacific coast and back again as they hunt for food. While out at sea, they’re 39 (continuous) diving more than 3,000 feet underwater. “So there’s a bit of a puzzle,” explains McKnight. “ 40 you’re diving all the time, and spending 90% of your time at sea underwater without access 41 air, when do you sleep?” 42 study published on Thursday in the journal Science now offers an answer: Northern elephant seals rely on short power naps during those deep 43 (dive), which altogether add up to about two hours of sleep per day, says Jessica Kendall-Bar, the study’s lead author and an eco-physiologist at Scripps Institution of Oceanography. “And they do that while 44 (hold) their breath very deep below the ocean surface,” she says. The new findings mean that northern elephant seals now beat African elephants who currently hold the world record for the 45 (short) daily sleep time among mammals. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46．你校英语广播电台进行征文比赛，题目是Give Stray Cats Sweet Homes，号召大家保护校园周边的流浪猫 (stray cats) 。内容包括： 1. 流浪猫的现状； 2. 保护措施。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Give Stray Cats Sweet Homes _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分） 47． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a small community located at a suburb of Exeter, life had been really tough for years due to a disheartening problem. The once beautiful and peaceful neighborhood was now a mess. Piles of waste (废弃物) were piling up higher and higher as each day passed by. The awful smell filled every corner,and the unpleasant sight made people feel so sad. As the environment got worse and worse, many residents just couldn’t take it anymore. They were so tired of living like this that a lot of them chose to pack up and leave, hoping to find cleaner and nicer places to live. It was at this really bad moment that two young students, Emma and Mia, who weré classmates and best friends from Phillips Exeter Academy, stepped up They both loved the environment and were extremely worried about the pollution crisis in their community. Seeing more and more neighbors leaving, they knew they had to do something. They couldn’t just stand there and watch. So,they made up their minds to take control of the situation. Their journey to make a change started with careful research and plan. The two girls spent hours searching on the Internet, looking for all kinds of information about environmental measures. They also reached out to local environmentalists, asking for advice and help. To better understand the problems, they organized meetings with the residents. At these meetings, they listened carefully and collected useful data about what kind of waste there was, where it came from, and which areas were hit the hardest. After getting all this knowledge, Emma and Mia worked out a really detailed and comprehensive (全面的) plan. When they announced it to the community and asked for opinions, they were overjoyed that everyone supported it strongly. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150 个左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 With the plan ready, Emma and Mia took action immediately. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Emma and Mia were recognized and honored for their work. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 参考答案 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 答案 B A C C D A B C B D 题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 答案 D D D B C A G F B D 题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 答案 C B D D C D B C D A 题号 31 32 33 34 35 答案 C D C D D 1．B 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了墨尔本机场的一些情况。 1．细节理解题。根据Know Before You Go部分中“Terminal 1 is a Qantas domestic center, Terminal 2 is international flights. (1号航站楼是澳航国内航班中心，2号航站楼是国际航班)”可知，从墨尔本飞往伦敦需要2号航站楼转机。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据Where to Eat and Drink部分中“Baxa (Terminal 2) is a Vietnamese fast-casual restaurant that serves warm noodles.(Baxa（2号航站楼）是一家提供热面的越南休闲快餐店)”可知，墨尔本机场Baxa供应亚洲菜。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段WiFi and Charging Station部分中“To connect to the “Airport Free WiFi,” simply enter your details, accept the terms and conditions, and click “start browsing.”(要连接“机场免费WiFi”，只需输入您的详细信息，接受条款和条件，然后点击“开始浏览”)”可知，乘客申请免费WiFi需要填写个人信息。故选C。 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了老妇人团队在水塘中清理垃圾，提升了环保意识与自豪感。 4．细节理解题。根据第二段“Since 2017, the group, which accepts only older women as members, has made it its mission to remove trash from ponds across Cape Cod.(自2017年以来，该组织只接受老年女性作为成员，其使命是清除科德角池塘中的垃圾)”可知，这个团队被建立，是为了清理池塘中的垃圾。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“The group’s existence is owed to Susan Baur, a retired psychologist. As a lifelong nature fan, she had begun swimming in ponds on the cape as a safer alternative to the ocean.(该组织的存在归功于退休心理学家苏珊·鲍尔。作为一名终身的自然爱好者，她开始在海角的池塘里游泳，作为海洋的一种更安全的替代品)”可知，苏珊·鲍尔是一位热爱大自然的女性。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第五段“While many outsiders have expressed their gratitude to OLAUG for cleaning up the ponds, some have questioned why they refer to themselves as “old ladies”. Others have said she should open the group to all ages, and to men.(虽然许多局外人对OLAUG清理池塘表示感谢，但一些人质疑她们为什么称自己为“老妇人”。其他人则表示，她应该向所有年龄段和男性开放这个团体)”可知，一些人建议向所有年龄段和男性开放这个团体，即组建一个更具包容性的团队。故选A。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Although she admits that it wasn’t initially a thoughtful choice, she now believes that the “old lady” identity is a crucial part of what the group is about. “Over 65, if you’re healthy enough to do what we’re doing, it is the age of gratitude,” Baur says. “You are so grateful that you can still do this.”(尽管她承认这最初不是一个深思熟虑的选择，但她现在认为“老妇人”的身份是这个团体的重要组成部分。鲍尔说：“65岁以上，如果你足够健康，可以做我们正在做的事情，那就是感恩的年龄”，“你很感激你还能做到这一点。”)”可知，鲍尔认为“老妇人”的身份增强了她们的自豪感和团队自我定位。故选B。 8．C 9．B 10．D 11．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了“大象大迁徙”艺术活动。该活动通过一群由印度工匠制作的100只大象雕塑环游世界，结合艺术、保护和文化遗产，提高人们对野生动物保护和与自然和谐共处重要性的认识。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“This is The Great Elephant Migration — a campaign that uses a unique combination of art, conservation and cultural heritage to raise awareness about wildlife protection and the importance of living in harmony with nature. (这是“大象大迁徙”——一项将艺术、保护和文化遗产独特结合起来的活动，旨在提高人们对野生动物保护和与自然和谐共生重要性的认识。)”可知，“大象大迁徙”活动的目的是推广全球野生动物保护倡议。因此，选项C“To promote a global wildlife conservation initiative.(推广全球野生动物保护倡议)”符合题意。故选C。 9．词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“The sculptures are made from Lantana camara, an invasive plant species causing significant ecological damage in India.(这些雕塑是由紫茎泽兰制成的，紫茎泽兰是一种在印度造成重大生态破坏的入侵植物。)”可知，此处指出紫茎泽兰是一种在印度造成重大生态破坏的入侵植物。同时根据划线词所在的句子“By using this material,the project not only transforms a problem into art but also helps in the large-scale removal of Lantana from protected areas, freeing up more space for wildlife and contributing to forest restoration.( 通过使用这种材料，该项目不仅将问题转化为艺术，而且有助于从保护区大规模移除紫茎泽兰，为野生动物腾出更多空间，并有助于森林恢复。)”可知，此处的a problem指的是“由入侵植物物种造成的破坏”。因此，选项B“The damage caused by invasive plant species.(由入侵植物物种造成的破坏)”符合题意。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“At each stop, the herd transforms public spaces, inviting local communities and visitors to engage with the sculptures and the stories they represent. (在每个停留点，这群大象都会改变公共空间，邀请当地社区和游客与雕塑和它们所代表的故事互动。)”可知，当地社区在活动期间通过与雕塑背后保护故事进行互动来参与其中。因此，选项D“By exploring conservation stories behind sculptures(通过探索雕塑背后的保护故事)”符合题意。故选D。 11．主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“This is The Great Elephant Migration—a campaign that uses a unique combination of art, conservation and cultural heritage to raise awareness about wildlife protection and the importance of living in harmony with nature.(这是“大象大迁徙”——一项将艺术、保护和文化遗产独特结合起来的活动，旨在提高人们对野生动物保护和与自然和谐共生重要性的认识。)”以及最后一段中的“The Great Elephant Migration is more than a visual sight; it’s a call to action.(“大象大迁徙”不仅仅是一场视觉盛宴；它是一个行动号召。)”可知，文章主要介绍了“大象大迁徙”活动，该活动通过艺术雕塑呼吁人们关注野生动物保护和与自然和谐共生。因此，选项D“A Moving Celebration of Coexistence and Conservation(共存与保护的动人庆典)”最符合文章主旨，为最佳标题。故选D。 12．D 13．D 14．B 15．C 【导语】这篇文章属于议论文。文章探讨为环保应减少数据使用，指出大公司及智能产品带来挑战，倡导个人行动助力环保。 12．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“The goal of climate action, according to Berners-Lee, the author of The Carbon Footprint of Everything, is ‘to leave the world’s fossil fuel in the ground.’(《The Carbon Footprint of Everything》一书的作者伯纳斯-李认为，气候行动的目标是‘把地球上的化石燃料留在地下’)”可知，伯纳斯-李认为气候行动的目的是停止使用地下的化石燃料。故选D项。 13．推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“The big players are making it harder for a single person to do even a very small part, as they roll out difficult-to-avoid AI features.(大公司推出难以避免的人工智能功能，这使得个人哪怕想做一点点（环保相关的事）都变得更加困难)”可知，大公司让人们面临人工智能带来的挑战。故选D项。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段“Not all of that growth is fueled by customer demand. Recently, I had to settle for an electric toothbrush with less battery life and less brushing power because the top model had ‘smart’ Internet-enabled features that I don’t want.(并非所有的增长都是由客户需求推动的。最近，我不得不勉强接受一款电池续航时间更短、刷牙力度更小的电动牙刷，因为顶级型号具有我不想要的‘智能’联网功能)”可知，作者提到牙刷是为了表明一些智能功能并非真的必要。故选B项。 15．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Maybe we don’t need to turn everything into data. If I put down my phone the next time I’m on a train, it won’t save the planet. But I’ll be looking out of the window with my own eyes, creating a memory that brings no carbon at all.(也许我们不需要把所有东西都转化为数据。如果下次我在火车上放下手机，这并不能拯救地球。但我会亲眼望向窗外，创造一段完全不产生碳排放的记忆)”可知，作者暗示每个人都可以为拯救地球做出贡献，哪怕只是放下手机这样的小事。故选D项。 16．A 17．G 18．F 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍可口可乐、百事可乐等饮料制造的垃圾世界第一。 16．根据上文“A new study on plastic waste has named Coca-Cola, PepsiCo, Nestlé and Danone as the biggest sources at plastic pollution in the world.(一项关于塑料垃圾的新研究称，可口可乐、百事可乐、雀巢和达能是世界上最大的塑料污染源)”以及后文“They looked at 84 countries to see where their plastic garbage came from.(他们调查了84个国家，看看他们的塑料垃圾来自哪里)”可知，上文谈到一项关于塑料垃圾的新研究将可口可乐、百事可乐、雀巢和达能列为世界上最大的塑料污染源，下文谈到他们考察了84个国家和地区，以了解他们的塑料垃圾来自哪里。A项中的the study与第一句话中的A new study呼应，下句中的They指的是A项的An environmental group。故A选项“一个环保组织做了这项研究”符合语境，故选A。 17．根据上文“Between 2018 and 2022, more than 100, 000 volunteers collected plastic waste from beaches, parks, rivers, and cither sites.(在2018年至2022年期间，超过10万名志愿者从海滩、公园、河流和其他地方收集塑料垃圾)”以及后文“Much of the waste was single-use food and drink containers. In other words, cups, glasses and containers that only get used once and then thrown in the garbage.(大部分垃圾是一次性食品和饮料容器。换句话说，就是那些只使用一次就被扔进垃圾桶的杯子、玻璃杯和容器)”可知，上文提到收集塑料垃圾，后文对垃圾的种类进行了说明，推测本句是在说明收集垃圾的数量情况。故G选项“他们收集了180多万件塑料垃圾”符合语境，故选G。 18．根据后文“PepsiCo was responsible for more than 45,000 pieces (5 percent), and Nestle and Danone were each responsible for more than 27, 000 pieces (3 percent).(百事公司负责超过45000件（5%），雀巢和达能各负责超过27000件（3%）)”可知，本句与后文为并列关系，都是对各种饮料品牌产生的垃圾占比的分析。故F选项“超过10万件来自可口可乐产品”符合语境，故选F。 19．根据后文“Animals, birds and fish can eat, choke on, or become tangled (缠绕) in pieces of throw-away plastic.(动物、鸟类和鱼类可能会吃到、呛到或缠在一次性塑料碎片上)”可知，空后一句谈到，动物、鸟类和鱼类可以吃塑料、室息或被丢弃的塑料片缠绕，可知本段讲述塑料的危害。故B选项“塑料垃圾对环境有害”符合语境，故选B。 20．根据上文“More than 400 million metric tons of plastic are produced every year.(每年生产的塑料超过4亿吨)”可知，空前一句谈到每年生产超过4亿公吨塑料。D项中的Half of that与其呼应，that是关键词，指的是上文提到的4亿公吨塑料中的一半不到一年成为垃圾。故D选项“其中一半将在不到一年的时间里变成垃圾”符合语境，故选D。 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．D 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．D 35．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者大学毕业后面临财务担忧，找到两份工作后重拾希望，并从观察一只松鼠的坚韧中获得鼓舞与启发的故事。 21．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对未来感到有希望。A. anxious焦虑的；B. bored无聊的；C. hopeful充满希望的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“After my graduation from college, I was always worried about my financial (财务的) situation. Things changed when I got a job at a library and also accepted a part-time job.”可知，作者毕业后总是担心自己的财政情况，但在找到工作并接受兼职工作后，对未来充满了希望。故选C项。 22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，我将如何同时处理两份工作呢？ A. apply for申请；B. deal with处理；C. clean up清理；D. give up放弃。根据下文“two jobs at the same time”可知，此处表示同时应付两份工作。故选B项。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于松鼠来说，嘴里叼着面包轻松地爬上爬下树是困难的。A. necessary必要的；B. digital数字的；C. funny滑稽的；D. difficult困难的。根据常识和下文“for him to climb up and down easily like other squirrels with a piece of bread in his mouth.”可知，嘴里叼着一块面包，所以轻松地爬上爬下对这只松鼠来说有点儿困难。故选D项。 24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我屏住呼吸，在心里为他加油。A. shelter庇护所；B. system系统；C. temple寺庙；D. mind心思。根据上文“I held my breath and cheered him on”可知，此处表示作者在心里为松鼠加油。故选D项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他小心翼翼地移动，紧紧抓住树。A. aid帮助；B. character性格；C. care小心；D. surprise惊讶。根据上文“It was ___3___ for him to climb up and down easily like other squirrels with a piece of bread in his mouth.”可知，松鼠小心翼翼地抓着树往下爬。故选C项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他终于到达地面时，他把面包拖在身后。A. skied滑雪；B. flooded淹没；C. dug挖掘；D. reached到达。根据上文“He moved down with ___5___ , holding onto the tree.”以及下文“Slowly but surely, he ___12___ it to the roadside and stopped to check on the traffic.”可知，此处表示松鼠终于到达了地面。故选D项。 27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的旅程还没有结束，所以他继续努力！A. preserved保存；B. finished结束；C. prepared准备；D. exchanged交换。根据下文“so he kept trying!”可知，松鼠的旅程还没结束，他还在继续努力。故选B项。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这只松鼠和我有很多共同点。A. impossible不可能；B. terrible可怕的；C. obvious明显的；D. convenient方便的。根据下文“I had my own bread to ___9___ and my own trees to climb.”可知，作者将自己与松鼠的情况进行对比，明显作者和松鼠有很多共同点。故选C项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也有自己的“面包”要携带，并且有自己要攀登的树。A. search搜索；B. invent发明；C. hurt伤害；D. carry携带。根据上文“It was ___3___ for him to climb up and down easily like other squirrels with a piece of bread in his mouth.”可知，作者认为自己和松鼠很像，也像松鼠一样有面包要拿着。故选D项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从一个窗户移到另一个窗户，以跟随松鼠动作的进展。A. window窗户；B. carry搬运；C. tree树；D. lecture讲座。根据上文“I thought, looking out of the window.”可知，作者在看窗外时看到了松鼠，所以此处表示从一扇窗户移到另一扇窗户。故选A项。 31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. creation创造；B. habit习惯；C. progress进步；D. training训练。根据上文“His journey was not ___7___ yet, so he kept trying!”以及语境可知，作者观察松鼠叼着面包爬下树，并最终进入灌木丛的过程，此处表示作者移动是为了观察松鼠的进展。故选C项。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地但肯定地，他成功到了路边并停下来检查交通情况。A. quit放弃；B. hided隐藏；C. lent借出；D. made成功。根据下文“to the roadside and stopped to check on the traffic.”可知，松鼠停下来查看交通状况，由此可知，此处表示松鼠带着面包成功到了路边，make it意为“成功”。故选D项。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，松鼠带着他的食物安全地穿过了马路。A. suddenly突然地；B. normally正常地；C. safely安全地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“Slowly but surely, he ___12___ it to the roadside and stopped to check on the traffic. Finally, the squirrel crossed the road”可知，松鼠慢慢地但肯定地成功到了路边并停下来检查交通情况，以及下文“When he entered the bushes (灌木丛), I cheered even though I couldn’t watch his next ___14___ .”可知，松鼠进入灌木丛中，由此可知，此处表示松鼠安全地过了马路。故选C项。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他进入灌木丛时，我虽然无法看到他接下来的动作，但仍为他欢呼。A. failure失败；B. brick砖块；C. proposal提议；D. move行动。根据“When he entered the bushes (灌木丛)”可知，松鼠进入了灌木丛，由此可推断，此处指的是作者看不见松鼠的下一步行动了。故选D项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我上楼去准备迎接眼前的挑战。A. disasters灾难；B. comments评论；C. mistakes错误；D. challenges挑战。根据语境以及上文“Things changed when I got a job at a library and also accepted a part-time job. I became ___1___ about future. But how was I going to ___2___ two jobs at the same time?”以及下文““You can do it,” I told myself.”可知，作者有了两份工作，不知道如何同时处理，观看到松鼠的做法后，作者深受启发，由此可知，此处表示作者准备去迎接自己面临的挑战。故选D项。 36．typical 37．have discovered 38．where 39．continuously 40．If 41．to 42．A 43．dives 44．holding 45．shortest 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家研究发现，北象海豹在深海潜水时靠短暂小睡每天睡约两小时，这一发现使其取代非洲象成为哺乳动物中每日睡眠时间最短的动物。 36．考查形容词。句意：也许你昨晚没睡够，但你很有可能比典型的北象海豹睡得好。空处作修饰northern elephant seal的定语，type的形容词形式typical符合题意，意为“典型的”。故填typical。 37．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：科学家们最近发现，这种巨大的生物通常比动物王国里的大多数其他动物睡得更少。空处作句子的谓语，结合时间状语“recently”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语Scientists是复数，助动词应用have。故填have discovered。 38．考查定语从句。句意：它们一次要航行几个月，在太平洋海岸外迁徙数千英里，然后再回来寻找食物。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词voyages，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 39．考查副词。句意：在海上的时候，它们会持续潜入水下3000多英尺。空处修饰动词diving，应用continuous的副词形式continuously，意为“持续地”。故填continuously。 40．考查条件状语从句。句意：如果你一直在潜水，而且90%的时间都在水下，没有空气，那你什么时候睡觉呢？句末的when do you sleep提出疑问，此处表示疑问所基于的假设，空处应用从属连词if引导条件状语从句，表示“如果，假如”，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填If。 41．考查介词。句意：如果你一直在潜水，而且90%的时间都在水下，没有空气，那你什么时候睡觉呢？access to…是固定搭配，表示“使用……的机会，接近……的权利”。故填to。 42．考查冠词。句意：周四发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究给出了答案：北象海豹在深海潜水时依靠短暂的小睡，每天加起来大约两小时的睡眠，该研究的主要作者、斯克里普斯海洋研究所的生态生理学家Jessica Kendall-Bar说。空处表示泛指，意为“一项研究”，应用不定冠词，且study的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a，句首单词的首字母需大写。故填A。 43．考查名词的数。句意：周四发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究给出了答案：北象海豹在深海潜水时依靠短暂的小睡，每天加起来大约两小时的睡眠，该研究的主要作者、斯克里普斯海洋研究所的生态生理学家Jessica Kendall-Bar说。空处作during的宾语，those后可数名词dive“潜水”应用复数形式。故填dives。 44．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：她说：“它们是在深海中屏住呼吸的时候这样做的。”此处用了while引导时间状语从句，从句无主语，为省略形式，对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，hold和被省略的主语they之间是主动关系，hold应用现在分词形式。故填holding。 45．考查最高级。句意：新的发现意味着，北象海豹现在击败了非洲象，后者目前保持着哺乳动物中每天睡眠时间最短的世界纪录。根据前面的“the world record”以及语境可知，这里是在众多哺乳动物中比较睡眠时间，应用short的最高级。故填shortest。 46．范文 Give Stray Cats Sweet Homes It is universally acknowledged that cats can keep us company and bring us joy. Unfortunately, several homeless cats deserted by their owners are often seen around our campus. With the freezing winter approaching, their struggle to survive becomes even more challenging. Here are some ways we can help. First of all, providing safe food and clean water is of great importance. What’s more, we can construct simple shelters to provide them with a warm place during the freezing winter months. Finally, we can use our radio station to spread the message about the importance of caring for stray cats and to raise awareness among all students and local residents. Let’s take action together to provide a harbor of love for these furry friends. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Give Stray Cats Sweet Homes”为题写一篇短文号召大家保护校园周边的流浪猫。 【详解】1.词汇积累 临近：approach→around the corner 此外：what’s more→besides 最后：finally→at last 关心：care for→be concerned about 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：With the freezing winter approaching, their struggle to survive becomes even more challenging. 拓展句：As the freezing winter is approaching, their struggle to survive becomes even more challenging. 【点睛】[高分句型1] With the freezing winter approaching, their struggle to survive becomes even more challenging. (运用了with的复合结构) [高分句型2] Let’s take action together to provide a harbor of love for these furry friends. (运用了动词不定式作目的状语) 47．Possible version: Paragraph1: With the plan ready, Emma and Mia took action immediately.They began by organizing clean-up events, encouraging everyone in the community to pitch in and help remove the piles of waste that had accumulated. They also started recycling programs, setting up bins and educating residents on how to properly sort their trash. Gradually, the once messy neighborhood started to transform, becoming cleaner and more inviting. People’s spirits lifted, and the community began to feel a renewed sense of pride and unity. Paragraph2: Emma and Mia were recognized and honored for their work. The local community was full of praise for their efforts and gave them gift packs in appreciation of what they had done. Their school organized a special assembly, where they were proudly awarded medals of excellence for their dedication and commitment. Furthermore, their neighbors threw a joyous and lively party to express their heartfelt gratitude. The girls’ efforts had not only improved their community but also inspired others to take action against environmental issues. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述了两位年轻学生Emma和Mia在面对社区环境恶化时，积极采取行动，通过制定计划、组织清洁活动和回收项目，成功改善了社区环境，并因此获得认可和荣誉的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“计划准备就绪后，Emma和Mia立即采取了行动。”可知，第一段可描写Emma和Mia如何迅速行动，通过组织清洁活动和启动回收项目来改善社区环境，以及这些行动带来的积极影响。 ②由第二段首句内容“Emma和Mia因其工作而受到表彰和荣誉。”可知，第二段可描写Emma和Mia因为他们的努力而受到社区和学校的表彰，以及邻居们对他们工作的感激之情。 2.续写线索：制定计划——迅速行动——组织清洁活动——启动回收项目——改善环境——获得认可与荣誉 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①分类：sort/classify ②安装：set up/install ③改善：improve/enhance 情绪类 ①快乐的：joyous/cheerful/happy ②衷心的感谢：heartfelt gratitude/sincere appreciation 【点睛】【高分句型1】The local community was full of praise for their efforts and gave them gift packs in appreciation of what they had done.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Their school organized a special assembly, where they were proudly awarded medals of excellence for their dedication and commitment.（运用了where引导非限定性定语从句） 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$