精品解析：浙江省金华市义乌市义亭中学2024-2025学年高一12月考英语试题

义亭中学2024学年第一学期高一英语12月测评试题卷 注意事项： 1. 本卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。 4. 回答选择题时，在选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the flowers come out probably? A In February. B. In March. C. In May. 2. What is the weather like probably? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3. Why does the man refuse to buy a new cellphone now? A. He’s waiting for the latest iPhone. B. He likes his old one very much. C. He is short of money. 4. How will the speakers go to the cinema? A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By underground. 5. What time is it now? A. 8:45. B. 9:00. C. 9:15. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 What will the girl eat tonight probably? A. Beef. B. Bread. C. Tomato. 7. How does the man feel about the girl? A. Worried. B. Proud. C. Annoyed. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. Shop assistant and customer. 9. Why does the man look different? A. He has lost some weight. B. He’s wearing a new coat. C. He’s wearing glasses. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What can we know from the conversation? A. The woman got her ideas from a cook book. B. The man is probably a regular customer. C. The man has never been to the shop before. 11. What desserts does the man choose to buy? A. Lemon pie and strawberry cake. B. Strawberry cake and green tea cupcake. C. Green tea cupcake and lemon pie. 12. How much should the man pay in total? A. $3. B. $4. C. $7. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a shop. C. In an apartment. 14. What did the man do in his last job? A. A car salesman. B. A clothing designer. C. An English teacher. 15. How does the man learn things about his new career? A. Through the Internet. B. From his friend. C. From college books. 16. What’s the man’s advice to the woman in the end? A. Deciding what she likes to do. B. Finding information about writing. C. Being confident about herself. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where is Loch Ness? A. In Scotland. B. In England. C. In Northern Ireland. 18. What’s the most well-known theory about Nessie? A. It’s a survived dinosaur. B. It’s a genetically altered monster. C. It’s an undiscovered large fish. 19. What does the professor think of Nessie’s stories? A. It’s very convincing. B. It’s not true. C. It needs more proof. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Scientists trying to uncover the Nessie mystery. B. How the stories of Nessie coming into being. C. A professor’s new discoveries about Nessie. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We all long for friendship, but how to make a friend? “The best time to make a friend is before you need one.” Joy Steven said. The following are some tips for you. People equal friends Friends usually begin with strangers. Getting in touch with other people is the first step to make a friend. Friends can’t be made in empty air. Best friends take time to make. Friends understand friends Friends understand each other when talking. Many unpleasant personal quarrels can be avoided if you will take the time to understand others’ feelings and points of view. Friends touch friends Touching is a warm form of communication between friends. When you see best friends communicating, you will notice them stand close together, touch each other comfortably and listen to each other. Sometimes a friendly touch is more powerful than words. Friends praise friends Praise is a powerful tool to make a friend. Honest praise can affect (影响) your friends’ lives. So try to praise your friends, including your general ones. Friends can loyal (忠诚的) and trustworthy Trust and loyalty go hand in hand for friends. Friends can share secrets with you, because good friends never break confidence (信心) and are loyal forever. 1. From Joy Steven’s words, we can conclude that ________ A. a friend in need is a friend indeed B. it is never too late to make a friend C. it is late to make a friend when you need one D. everyone needs a friend in his life 2. To make and keep many friends, you need to do the following EXCEPT ___________. A. get in touch with people B. understand your friends C. praise your friends D. quarrel with your friends 3. The passage mainly tells us ______________. A. how to communicate with a friend B. how to develop friendship C. when to make a friend D. how to praise a friend B Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields, although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science- because other scientists might be able to make advances not foreseen by the data’s producers -most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online (see Nature 461, 160-163; 2009) When Wolkovich, for instance, went hunting for the data from the 50 studies in her meta-analysis, only 8 data sets were available online, and many of the researchers whom she e-mailed refused to share their work Forced to extract data from tables or figures in publications, Wolkovich’s team could conduct only limited analyses Some communities have agreed to share online - geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository, and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects - but these remain the exception, not the rule Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data and the contextual information called metadata; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data But the barriers are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report Science as an Open Enterprise that scientists need to shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them. 4. What do many researchers generally accept? A. It is imperative to protest scientist’ patents. B. Repositories are essential to scientific research. C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science. D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement. 5. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public? A. Opposed. B. Ambiguous. C. Liberal. D. Neutral. 6. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing? A. The fear of massive copying. B. The lack of a research culture. C. The belief that research is private intellectual property. D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it. 7. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing? A. The ever-growing demand for big data. B. The advantage of digital technology. C. The changing attitude of journals and funders. D. The trend of social and economic development. C Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher. If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything. Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore everyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing. If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance of information, correspondence, means of communication: a letter or a message”. To maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note. When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse. This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let the incident go. Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isn’t a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, telling the other person how you feel-listening is the key factor to communication. 8. In the writer’s view, dealing with parents is __________ than with children. A. more difficult B. easier C. more uninteresting D. more interesting 9. What is the main point in the second paragraph? A. The importance of friendship B. To make your feeling known to others C. The importance of communication D. The disagreement between generations 10. When parents and children are in communication, what is the key to a happy relationship? A. Children should always obey their parents. B. They should be equal. C. Parents play the leading part. D. Both make the opposite know their feelings. 11. What does the example in the passage try to prove? A. Sophie’s parents are willing to listen to her. B. Sophie is very polite to her parents. C. Sophie did well in explaining her being late. D. Communication is the solution to misunderstanding. D Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods. With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a feast(宴会), have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough. Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them. Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ). Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories. 12. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ______. A. bring weight problems B. bring you much trouble in your life C. make you worried about your foods D. make you hate delicious foods 13. In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you’d better ______. A. drink much water and have vegetables only B. not eat the food in high fat C. not accept invitations to feasts D. turn away from delicious foods 14. According to the passage, ______ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight. A. vegetables B. water C. calories of energy D. physical exercise 15. Many people can’t help putting on weight after the holidays because they ______. A. can’t control themselves B. go to too many feasts C enjoy delicious foods D. can’t help turning away from the foods 第二节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fake news spreads faster and more easily today through the internet, social media and instant messaging. ____16____, which can harm the public health and add to social disorder and division. Some fake news also contains a mixture of correct information, which makes it difficult to spot what is true and accurate. ____17____. They might not have read the full story before sharing or just glanced over it. Before you decide to share, make sure to read stories properly and follow some checks to determine the accuracy. If the story appears to claim a much higher level of certainty in its advice and arguments than other stories, this is questionable. ____18____. So, it is only natural to more readily accept information that provides comfort or easy solutions – unfortunately, often in a false way. ____19____ it is worth double-checking. Fake news will try to grab your attention by being more exaggerated than real stories. Anything written entirely in capital letters or containing a lot of exclamation marks should raise your suspicions. The best sources for authentic information are your government websites. However, even government messaging can get things wrong. ____20____. For instance, The Conversation is a more trusted source because all content is written by academics who are experts in their fields. Websites such as APFactCheck and Full Fact highlight common fake news stories. A search engine can be used to look up the title of the article to see if it has been identified as fake news by the mainstream media. A. If a story is more surprising B. If a message presses you to share C. Fake news may also be shared by trusted friends and family D. People will be seeking certainty in a time of high uncertainty E. But they are more trustworthy than unchecked sources on social media F. Think twice about the messages and help guide your family and friends G. These messages may contain useless, incorrect information and advice 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 First the sky darkened. Then came the ___21___—for three straight days. Inside her ___22___in Zhengzhou, the capital city of central Henan province. Wang Ana ___23___the doors with sand bags in an effort to stop water from sweeping in. When it didn’t work, she shouldered her son and ___24___made it home through the chest-deep floodwater. But those ___25___inside the mile- long Jingguang traffic tunnel（隧道）, which was just a few hundred feet north of Wang’s restaurant, were less ___26___. Nearly 200 cars inside became stuck in several feet of water. At least two passengers never made it out. “I felt incredibly ___27___, ” Wu Qiang. a driver who was briefly stuck in the tunnel, told Chinese media later. He and two other passengers ___28___by climbing through their vehicles’ roofs and ___29___the pipes fixed to the ceiling of the tunnel. Thirteen people were also killed in a rain-filled subway line. Some passengers ___30___desperate goodbye videos for their loved ones while they stood in chest-high water inside the subway cars waiting for rescuers. Rescuers, near and far, were rushing to help even when the storm was still pounding the city. ___31___the news on TV from his home in Xi’an, a city about 300 miles away, Wu Chao ___32___loaded his car with rescue equipment. By the next morning, he joined the massive rescue operation led by both the military as well as volunteers to bring the people to temporary rescue centers and send much-needed food and water to the ___33___communities. “The water was so deep in some places that it was impossible for machinery to ___34___them, so some of us jumped into the flood without a second ___35___, ” he said. 21. A. snow B. wind C. sandstorm D. rain 22. A. shelter B. restaurant C. home D. boat 23. A. pushed B. destroyed C. blocked D. opened 24. A. happily B. casually C. easily D. eventually 25. A. trapped B. rescued C. contained D. seen 26. A. interesting B. lucky C. comfortable D. satisfied 27. A. hopeless B. relaxed C. excited D. angry 28. A. stopped B. went C. passed D. survived 29. A. held onto B. took away C. took apart D. cut down 30. A. stored B. destroyed C. filmed D. collected 31. A. Reading B. Watching C. Enjoying D. Sending 32. A. carelessly B. slowly C. unwillingly D. quickly 33. A. wealthy B. flooded C. deserted D. united 34. A. control B. catch C. reach D. kill 35. A. thought B. check C. look D. loss 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traveling to foreign countries ___36___ (consider) exciting and educational. Not only can you pick up new languages and have a taste ___37___ local cuisine, but you can get to admire some of the world’s most beautiful art and architecture. Since the coronavirus pandemic ___38___ (go) viral, traveling has become quite difficult. Very early in the first lockdown, museums, theatres, and zoos started hosting virtual tours, ___39___ (bring) the exhibits and performances into peopled living rooms through their high-speed internet connections. According to Forbes, Google ___40___ (search) for the term virtual tour reached 1,300 in February 2020. In March that year when the first lockdown began, the number increased to ___41___ (approximate) 10,000. And it kept rising as people continued to stay at home. Currently, the pandemic ___42___ prevents people from going abroad is still prevailing throughout the world. So ___43___ your heart wants to enjoy the live concert in Sydney, wander through the ___44___ (crowd) alleys in Beijing, or check out the magnificent fountains in Rome, you can take ____45____ virtual city tour to explore to your heart’s content. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 （满分10分） 46. 展示你积累的“读后续写”内容。 a. 请写出3种不同的能形象地表示“说”的单词或词组，写在答题纸上。 b. 请写出3种不同的能形象地表示“走”的单词或词组，写在答题纸上。 c. 请写出一句能表示一个人感到害怕的句子（不少于10词），写在答题纸上。 d. 请写出一句能表示一个人欣喜若狂的句子（不少于10词），写在答题纸上。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分15分） 47. 假定你是李华，你的好友Jim 在暑假期间痴迷于朋友圈，经常发照片分享生活中的所有细节，请根据以下要点提示，给Jim 写一封信： 1.对分享行为表示理解； 2.阐述过度分享的危害； 3.提出建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：朋友圈 moments Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 义亭中学2024学年第一学期高一英语12月测评试题卷 注意事项： 1. 本卷满分100分，考试时间100分钟。 2. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。 3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。 4. 回答选择题时，在选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the flowers come out probably? A. In February. B. In March. C. In May. 2. What is the weather like probably? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 3. Why does the man refuse to buy a new cellphone now? A. He’s waiting for the latest iPhone. B. He likes his old one very much. C. He is short of money. 4. How will the speakers go to the cinema? A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By underground. 5. What time is it now? A. 8:45. B. 9:00. C. 9:15. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What will the girl eat tonight probably? A. Beef. B. Bread. C. Tomato. 7 How does the man feel about the girl? A. Worried. B. Proud. C. Annoyed. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Workmates. B. Classmates. C. Shop assistant and customer. 9. Why does the man look different? A. He has lost some weight. B. He’s wearing a new coat. C. He’s wearing glasses. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What can we know from the conversation? A. The woman got her ideas from a cook book. B. The man is probably a regular customer. C. The man has never been to the shop before. 11. What desserts does the man choose to buy? A. Lemon pie and strawberry cake. B. Strawberry cake and green tea cupcake. C. Green tea cupcake and lemon pie. 12. How much should the man pay in total? A $3. B. $4. C. $7. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In an office. B. In a shop. C. In an apartment. 14. What did the man do in his last job? A. A car salesman. B. A clothing designer. C. An English teacher. 15. How does the man learn things about his new career? A. Through the Internet. B. From his friend. C. From college books. 16. What’s the man’s advice to the woman in the end? A. Deciding what she likes to do. B. Finding information about writing. C. Being confident about herself. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Where is Loch Ness? A. In Scotland. B. In England. C. In Northern Ireland. 18. What’s the most well-known theory about Nessie? A. It’s a survived dinosaur. B. It’s a genetically altered monster. C. It’s an undiscovered large fish. 19. What does the professor think of Nessie’s stories? A. It’s very convincing. B. It’s not true. C. It needs more proof. 20. What does the speaker mainly talk about? A. Scientists trying to uncover the Nessie mystery. B. How the stories of Nessie coming into being. C. A professor’s new discoveries about Nessie. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We all long for friendship, but how to make a friend? “The best time to make a friend is before you need one.” Joy Steven said. The following are some tips for you. People equal friends Friends usually begin with strangers. Getting in touch with other people is the first step to make a friend. Friends can’t be made in empty air. Best friends take time to make. Friends understand friends Friends understand each other when talking. Many unpleasant personal quarrels can be avoided if you will take the time to understand others’ feelings and points of view. Friends touch friends Touching is a warm form of communication between friends. When you see best friends communicating, you will notice them stand close together, touch each other comfortably and listen to each other. Sometimes a friendly touch is more powerful than words. Friends praise friends Praise is a powerful tool to make a friend. Honest praise can affect (影响) your friends’ lives. So try to praise your friends, including your general ones. Friends can loyal (忠诚的) and trustworthy Trust and loyalty go hand in hand for friends. Friends can share secrets with you, because good friends never break confidence (信心) and are loyal forever. 1. From Joy Steven’s words, we can conclude that ________ A. a friend in need is a friend indeed B. it is never too late to make a friend C. it is late to make a friend when you need one D. everyone needs a friend in his life 2. To make and keep many friends, you need to do the following EXCEPT ___________. A. get in touch with people B. understand your friends C. praise your friends D. quarrel with your friends 3. The passage mainly tells us ______________. A. how to communicate with a friend B. how to develop friendship C. when to make a friend D. how to praise a friend 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述我们都渴望友谊，但如何交朋友呢？本文给出了一些可行的建议。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。依据第一段Joy Steven的话“The best time to make a friend is before you need one.交朋友的最好时间是你需要朋友以前。”，也就是说当你需要一个朋友的时候再去交就晚了。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中关于交朋友建议的描述“Friends understand each other when talking. Touching is a warm form of communication between friends. Praise is a powerful tool to make a friend.（朋友在交谈时能互相理解。联系是朋友之间沟通的一种形式。赞美是结交朋友的有力工具。）”A. get in touch with people和人取得联系；B.understand your friends理解你的朋友；C. praise your friends 称赞你的朋友；D. quarrel with your friends和你的朋友争吵。根据文章和常识：你要想交很多朋友A、B、C三项要具备。朋友之间的争吵是不可避免的，但未必是必须的。更为重要的是，D项在文中找不到依据。故选D 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“We all long for friendship, but how to make a friend? “The best time to make a friend is before you need one.” Joy Steven said. The following are some tips for you. （我们都渴望友谊，但如何交朋友呢?“交朋友最好的时间是在你需要朋友之前。” 史蒂文说。以下是给你的一些建议。）”可知文章的主题是针对如何交朋友给出一些建议。A. how to communicate with a friend怎样和一个朋友交流；B.how to develop friendship怎样发展友谊；C. when to make a friend 什么时候交朋友；how to praise a friend怎样称赞一个朋友。虽然A、C、D项在文中都提到了，但属于枝节信息，而B项是文章谈论的主旨，符合文章的大意，故选B。 B Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields, although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science- because other scientists might be able to make advances not foreseen by the data’s producers -most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online (see Nature 461, 160-163; 2009) When Wolkovich, for instance, went hunting for the data from the 50 studies in her meta-analysis, only 8 data sets were available online, and many of the researchers whom she e-mailed refused to share their work Forced to extract data from tables or figures in publications, Wolkovich’s team could conduct only limited analyses Some communities have agreed to share online - geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository, and astronomers are accustomed to accessing images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects - but these remain the exception, not the rule Historically, scientists have objected to sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data and the contextual information called metadata; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data But the barriers are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report Science as an Open Enterprise that scientists need to shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared digitally in ways that were not possible before To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products online and enable other researchers to discover and cite them. 4. What do many researchers generally accept? A. It is imperative to protest scientist’ patents. B. Repositories are essential to scientific research. C. Open data sharing is most important to medical science. D. Open data sharing is conducive to scientific advancement. 5. What is the attitude of most researchers towards making their own data public? A. Opposed. B. Ambiguous. C. Liberal. D. Neutral. 6. According to the passage, what might hinder open data sharing? A. The fear of massive copying. B. The lack of a research culture. C. The belief that research is private intellectual property. D. The concern that certain agencies may make a profit out of it. 7. What helps lift some of the barriers to open data sharing? A. The ever-growing demand for big data. B. The advantage of digital technology. C. The changing attitude of journals and funders. D. The trend of social and economic development. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在许多领域公开数据共享者仍占少数，并分析了存在的障碍和原因，指出如今障碍正因多方推动而逐渐消失。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields, although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science- because other scientists might be able to make advances not foreseen by the data’s producers -most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online (see Nature 461, 160-163; 2009)(在许多领域，公开数据共享者仍然占少数。尽管许多研究人员普遍认为，公众能够获取原始数据将推动科学发展——因为其他科学家或许能够取得数据生产者未曾预见到的进展——但大多数人还是不愿意将自己的研究成果发布到网上（见《自然》杂志461期，第160-163页；2009年）。)”可知，许多研究人员普遍认为，公众能够获取原始数据将推动科学发展，因为其他科学家或许能够取得数据生产者未曾预见到的进展。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields, although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would accelerate science- because other scientists might be able to make advances not foreseen by the data’s producers -most are reluctant to post the results of their own labors online (see Nature 461, 160-163; 2009)(在许多领域，公开数据共享者仍然占少数。尽管许多研究人员普遍认为，公众能够获取原始数据将推动科学发展——因为其他科学家或许能够取得数据生产者未曾预见到的进展——但大多数人还是不愿意将自己的研究成果发布到网上（见《自然》杂志461期，第160-163页；2009年）。)”可知，大多数研究人员不愿意将自己的数据公开到网上，态度是反对的。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report Science as an Open Enterprise that scientists need to shift away from a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve.(去年，伦敦皇家学会在其报告《作为开放式企业的科学》中指出，科学家们需要改变那种将数据视为私人专属的研究文化。)”可知，科学家们需要改变那种将数据视为私人专属的研究文化，这暗示了认为研究是私人知识产权的观念会阻碍开放数据共享。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But the barriers are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data public.(但这些障碍正在逐渐消失，部分原因是全球的期刊和资助机构都在鼓励科学家公开他们的数据。)”可知，这些障碍正在消失，部分原因是全球的期刊和资助机构都在鼓励科学家公开他们的数据。由此可知，期刊和资助机构鼓励科学家公开数据，从而使障碍消失相符合。也就是说期刊和资助者态度转变，开始鼓励数据公开，这有助于消除数据共享的障碍。故选C。 C Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher. If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything. Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore everyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing. If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance of information, correspondence, means of communication: a letter or a message”. To maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note. When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse. This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let the incident go. Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isn’t a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, telling the other person how you feel-listening is the key factor to communication. 8. In the writer’s view, dealing with parents is __________ than with children. A. more difficult B. easier C. more uninteresting D. more interesting 9. What is the main point in the second paragraph? A. The importance of friendship B. To make your feeling known to others C. The importance of communication D. The disagreement between generations 10. When parents and children are in communication, what is the key to a happy relationship? A Children should always obey their parents. B. They should be equal. C. Parents play the leading part. D. Both make the opposite know their feelings. 11. What does the example in the passage try to prove? A. Sophie’s parents are willing to listen to her. B. Sophie is very polite to her parents. C. Sophie did well in explaining her being late. D. Communication is the solution to misunderstanding. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是与父母沟通的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题． 根据文章第一段“Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher.(如今，与孩子相处是一件艰难的工作，而与父母相处则更加艰难。)”可知，与父母打交道比与孩子打交道更困难。故选A。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along.(如果说我在这16年里学到了什么的话，那就是沟通是非常重要的，无论是在你们意见相左的时候还是在你们相处融洽的时候。)”可知，第二段重点介绍的是沟通的重要性。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note.(为了维持良好的关系，你必须保持强有力的沟通。让别人知道你的感受，即使只是写个便条。)”可知，当父母和孩子沟通时，幸福关系的关键是双方都让对方知道自己的感受。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble.(沟通是关键因素。如果苏菲的父母不愿意听，苏菲就会有很多麻烦。)”可知，文章中的例子试图证明沟通是解决误解的方法。故选D。 D Do you love holidays but hate the increase weight that follows? You are not alone. Holidays are happy days with pleasure and delicious foods. Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods. With proper planning, though, it is possible to control your weight. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You don't have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy. The following suggestions may be of some help to you. Do not miss meals. Before you leave home for a feast(宴会), have a small, low-fat snack(小吃). This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods. Begin with clear soup and fruit or vegetables. A large glass of water before you eat may help you feel full. Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough. Better not have high-fat foods. Dishes that look oily or creamy have much fat in them. Choose lean meat(瘦肉 ). Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. If you have a sweet tooth, try mints (薄荷) and fruits. They don’t have fat content as cream and chocolate. Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays. A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off excess(过多的) calories. 12. Holidays are happy days with pleasure but they may ______. A. bring weight problems B. bring you much trouble in your life C. make you worried about your foods D. make you hate delicious foods 13. In order to really enjoy your holidays without putting on weight, you’d better ______. A. drink much water and have vegetables only B. not eat the food in high fat C. not accept invitations to feasts D. turn away from delicious foods 14. According to the passage, ______ is a necessary part to stop you from putting on weight. A. vegetables B. water C. calories of energy D. physical exercise 15. Many people can’t help putting on weight after the holidays because they ______. A. can’t control themselves B. go to too many feasts C. enjoy delicious foods D. can’t help turning away from the foods 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者给出了一些让你在享受假期的同时，也能控制体重的建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Many people, however, are worried about the weight that comes along with these delicious foods.”可知，人们会担心伴随这些美味食物而来的体重。也就是假期是快乐的日子，有快乐和美味的食物，但也可能会带来体重问题。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中第四段的“Better not have high-fat foods.”可知，作者建议最好不要吃高脂肪的食物，故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章中第四段的“Don’t let exercise take a break during the holidays.”可知，作者建议放假期间不要让锻炼有休息的时间，也就是锻炼是一个必要的环节。即体育锻炼是阻止你增加体重的必要部分。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“This may help to keep you from getting too excited before delicious foods.（这可能有助于防止你在美味的食物面前过于兴奋）”以及“Use a small plate; a large plate will encourage you to have more than enough.（使用小盘子;一个大盘子会让你吃得太多。）”可知，这两个建议从侧面说明人们在美味的食物面前，自控力是很低的，也就是控制不住自己，导致许多人假期过后体重增加。故选A。 【点睛】细节理解题的解题关键在于定位到文章的关键句，答案大多是关键句的同义替换或者是文章内容的概括。切记不要凭空猜测，一定要依据原文信息。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Fake news spreads faster and more easily today through the internet, social media and instant messaging. ____16____, which can harm the public health and add to social disorder and division. Some fake news also contains a mixture of correct information, which makes it difficult to spot what is true and accurate. ____17____. They might not have read the full story before sharing or just glanced over it. Before you decide to share, make sure to read stories properly and follow some checks to determine the accuracy. If the story appears to claim a much higher level of certainty in its advice and arguments than other stories, this is questionable. ____18____. So, it is only natural to more readily accept information that provides comfort or easy solutions – unfortunately, often in a false way. ____19____, it is worth double-checking. Fake news will try to grab your attention by being more exaggerated than real stories. Anything written entirely in capital letters or containing a lot of exclamation marks should raise your suspicions. The best sources for authentic information are your government websites. However, even government messaging can get things wrong. ____20____. For instance, The Conversation is a more trusted source because all content is written by academics who are experts in their fields. Websites such as APFactCheck and Full Fact highlight common fake news stories. A search engine can be used to look up the title of the article to see if it has been identified as fake news by the mainstream media. A. If a story is more surprising B. If a message presses you to share C. Fake news may also be shared by trusted friends and family D. People will be seeking certainty in a time of high uncertainty E. But they are more trustworthy than unchecked sources on social media F. Think twice about the messages and help guide your family and friends G. These messages may contain useless, incorrect information and advice 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虚假消息特点，我们应该谨慎对待，辨认可靠来源，区分消息真假。 【16题详解】 根据前句“Fake news spreads faster and more easily today through the internet, social media and instant messaging. (如今，假消息通过互联网、社交媒体和即时消息传播得更快、更容易。)”和后半句“which can harm the public health and add to social disorder and division.(会损害公众健康，加剧社会的混乱和分裂。)”可知，这里介绍什么是虚假消息，which 所指代内容应为虚假消息，所以选择项G“These messages may contain useless, incorrect information and advice(这些消息可能含有无用的、不正确的信息和建议)”符合上下文语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据前句“Some fake news also contains a mixture of correct information, which makes it difficult to spot what is true and accurate. (一些假消息还包含了正确信息的混合，这使得人们很难辨别什么是真实和准确的。)”和后句“They might not have read the full story before sharing or just glanced over it. (他们可能在分享之前没有阅读完整的故事，或者只是浏览了一下。)”可知，假消息真假难辨，所以经常被分享，后文中 they 所指代内容应为分享消息的人，所以选择项C“Fake news may also be shared by trusted friends and family (假消息也可能被信任的朋友和家人分享)”符合上下文语境，故选 C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“So, it is only natural to more readily accept information that provides comfort or easy solutions – unfortunately, often in a false way.(因此，更容易接受提供舒适或简单解决方案的信息是很自然的——不幸的是，往往是错误的方式。)”可知，这里应为人们乐意接受虚假消息的原因。所以选择项D“People will be seeking certainty in a time of high uncertainty (人们将在一个高度不确定的时期寻求确定性)”符合上下文语境，故选 D。 【19题详解】 根据后文“it is worth double-checking. Fake news will try to grab your attention by being more exaggerated than real stories. Anything written entirely in capital letters or containing a lot of exclamation marks should raise your suspicions.(就值得再次检查。假消息会试图通过比真实故事更夸张的内容来吸引你的注意力。任何完全用大写字母书写或包含大量感叹号的内容都应该引起你的怀疑。)”可知，虚假消息的特点之一是比较夸张。所以选择项A“If a story is more surprising (如果一个故事更令人惊讶)”符合上下文语境，故选 A。 【20题详解】 根据前文“The best sources for authentic information are your government websites. However, even government messaging can get things wrong.(获得真实信息的最佳来源是政府网站。然而，即使是政府的信息也可能出错。)”和后文“For instance, The Conversation is a more trusted source because all content is written by academics who are experts in their fields. Websites such as APFactCheck and Full Fact highlight common fake news stories. A search engine can be used to look up the title of the article to see if it has been identified as fake news by the mainstream media.(例如，The Conversation是一个更值得信赖的资源，因为所有的内容都是由各自领域的专家学者撰写的。APFactCheck和Full Fact等网站突出了常见的假新闻。可以使用搜索引擎查找文章的标题，看看它是否被主流媒体识别为假新闻。)”举例说明一些可靠网站可知，尽管前文提到政府网站也可能会有错误消息，但仍比一般媒体可靠。所以选择项E“But they are more trustworthy than unchecked sources on social media (但它们比社交媒体上未经核实的消息来源更值得信赖)”符合上下文语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 First the sky darkened. Then came the ___21___—for three straight days. Inside her ___22___in Zhengzhou, the capital city of central Henan province. Wang Ana ___23___the doors with sand bags in an effort to stop water from sweeping in. When it didn’t work, she shouldered her son and ___24___made it home through the chest-deep floodwater. But those ___25___inside the mile- long Jingguang traffic tunnel（隧道）, which was just a few hundred feet north of Wang’s restaurant, were less ___26___. Nearly 200 cars inside became stuck in several feet of water. At least two passengers never made it out. “I felt incredibly ___27___, ” Wu Qiang. a driver who was briefly stuck in the tunnel, told Chinese media later. He and two other passengers ___28___by climbing through their vehicles’ roofs and ___29___the pipes fixed to the ceiling of the tunnel. Thirteen people were also killed in a rain-filled subway line. Some passengers ___30___desperate goodbye videos for their loved ones while they stood in chest-high water inside the subway cars waiting for rescuers. Rescuers, near and far, were rushing to help even when the storm was still pounding the city. ___31___the news on TV from his home in Xi’an, a city about 300 miles away, Wu Chao ___32___loaded his car with rescue equipment. By the next morning, he joined the massive rescue operation led by both the military as well as volunteers to bring the people to temporary rescue centers and send much-needed food and water to the ___33___communities. “The water was so deep in some places that it was impossible for machinery to ___34___them, so some of us jumped into the flood without a second ___35___, ” he said. 21. A. snow B. wind C. sandstorm D. rain 22. A. shelter B. restaurant C. home D. boat 23. A. pushed B. destroyed C. blocked D. opened 24. A. happily B. casually C. easily D. eventually 25. A. trapped B. rescued C. contained D. seen 26. A. interesting B. lucky C. comfortable D. satisfied 27. A. hopeless B. relaxed C. excited D. angry 28. A. stopped B. went C. passed D. survived 29. A. held onto B. took away C. took apart D. cut down 30. A. stored B. destroyed C. filmed D. collected 31. A. Reading B. Watching C. Enjoying D. Sending 32. A. carelessly B. slowly C. unwillingly D. quickly 33. A. wealthy B. flooded C. deserted D. united 34. A. control B. catch C. reach D. kill 35. A. thought B. check C. look D. loss 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。郑州遭遇千年一遇的暴雨，突如其来的洪灾牵动了全国人民的心，许多志愿者千里迢迢赶往灾区加入抗洪救灾的第一线。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，天空变暗了。然后连续下了三天雨。A. snow雪；B. wind风；C. sandstorm暴风雪；D. rain雨。根据下文“ ... in an effort to stop water from sweeping in.”（努力阻止水漫过）可知，下雨（rain）。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在河南省会郑州的避难所里。A. shelter庇护所；B. restaurant餐厅；C. home家；D. boat船。根据下文“ ... which was just a few hundred feet north of Wang’s restaurant, .. .”（它就在王的餐馆以北几百英尺的地方）可知，Wang Ana 当时是在自己开的餐馆 （restaurant）里。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：王安娜用沙袋堵住了门，防止水滚滚而来。A. pushed推；B. destroyed毁坏；C. blocked阻挡；D. opened打开。根据下文“ ... in an effort to stop water from sweeping in.”（努力阻止水漫过）可知她用沙包堵住（blocked）门，防止洪水冲进来。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当它不起作用时，她扛着她的儿子，最终穿过齐胸深的洪水回家。A. happily快乐地； B. casually随意地； C. easily容易地； D. eventually最后的。根据上句“with sand bags in an effort to stop water from sweeping in. When it didn’t work,…”(用沙袋来阻止水涌入。当它不起作用时)，可知等她发现无法堵住洪水时，她决定放弃并最终（eventually）蹚水回到了家里。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但那些被困在一英里长的京广交通隧道内的人就没那么幸运了，这条隧道就在王的餐馆以北几百英尺处。A. trapped受困；B. rescued救援；C. contained包含；D. seen看见。根据后句“At least two passengers never made it out.”（至少有两名乘客没能逃出来）可知这些是被困在隧道里。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. interesting有趣的；B. lucky幸运的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. satisfied满意的。根据后句“At least two passengers never made it out.”（至少有两名乘客没能逃出来）可知这些人不幸遇难，很不幸。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到非常绝望，吴强。一名被困在隧道里的司机后来告诉中国媒体。A. hopeless没有希望的； B. relaxed放松的；C. excited兴奋的；D. angry生气的。根据后句“…who was briefly stuck in the tunnel”(被困在隧道里)可知他感觉很绝望。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和另外两名乘客通过爬过车顶，抓住固定在隧道顶部的管道而幸存下来。A. stopped停止； B. went走； C. passed走过；D. survived幸存。根据上句“I felt incredibly ________ , Wu Qiang”（我感到非常绝望，）可知被困住，以及后句“…by climbing through their vehicles’ roofs”（从他们的车顶爬下来）,被困在隧道的人爬出车顶求生。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. held onto抓住；B. took away带走；C. took apart拆开；D. cut down砍倒。根据上句“Wu Qiang. a driver who was briefly stuck in the tunnel,”（吴强被困在隧道里的司机）可知他们被困在隧道里，里面全是水，需要抓住固定在隧道顶部的管道求生。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些乘客拍下了绝望的告别视频，他们站在齐胸高的水里等待救援。A. stored储存； B. destroyed毁坏； C. filmed拍摄；D. collected收集。“…desperate goodbye videos for their loved ones.”(为他们所爱的人拍摄了绝望的告别视频)可知困在隧道里的人拍下了绝望的告别视频。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吴超在大约300英里外的西安家中观看电视新闻时，迅速将救援设备装上车。A. Reading读； B. Watching看； C. Enjoying喜欢；D. Sending发送。根据后句“the news on TV”（电视上的新闻）可知是看到了电视上的新闻。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. carelessly粗心大意地； B. slowly慢慢地；C. unwillingly不愿意地；D. quickly快地。根据后句“By the next morning, he joined the massive rescue operation led by both the military as well as volunteers to bring the people to temporary rescue centers”（第二天早上，他加入了由军队和志愿者领导的大规模救援行动，把人们带到临时救援中心）可知吴超动作非常的迅速。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：给受灾社区送去急需的食物和水。A. wealthy富有的；B. flooded被水淹没的；C. deserted荒芜的；D. united结合。根据上文“First the sky darkened. Then came the ________ —for three straight days.”（首先，天空变暗了。然后连续下了三天雨）可知这个地区受灾了。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些地方的水很深，机器根本无法到达。A. control控制；B. catch抓住；C. reach达到；D. kill杀死。根据上句“The water was so deep in some places”（有些地方的水很深）可知机器无法达到。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当救援设备无法接近被困群众时，一些人就毫不犹豫地跳进水里。A. thought认为；B. check核对； C. look看；D. loss失去。without a second thought 意为“毫不犹豫地”，为固定用法。故选A。 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traveling to foreign countries ___36___ (consider) exciting and educational. Not only can you pick up new languages and have a taste ___37___ local cuisine, but you can get to admire some of the world’s most beautiful art and architecture. Since the coronavirus pandemic ___38___ (go) viral, traveling has become quite difficult. Very early in the first lockdown, museums, theatres, and zoos started hosting virtual tours, ___39___ (bring) the exhibits and performances into peopled living rooms through their high-speed internet connections. According to Forbes, Google ___40___ (search) for the term virtual tour reached 1,300 in February 2020. In March that year when the first lockdown began, the number increased to ___41___ (approximate) 10,000. And it kept rising as people continued to stay at home. Currently, the pandemic ___42___ prevents people from going abroad is still prevailing throughout the world. So ___43___ your heart wants to enjoy the live concert in Sydney, wander through the ___44___ (crowd) alleys in Beijing, or check out the magnificent fountains in Rome, you can take ____45____ virtual city tour to explore to your heart’s content. 【答案】36. is considered 37. of 38. went 39. bringing 40. searches 41. approximately 42. which##that 43. if 44. crowded 45. a 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了在新冠疫情肆虐之下，“虚拟旅行”的兴起。 【36题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：出国旅行被认为是令人兴奋且有教育意义的。分析句子，主语是动名词，属于抽象事物而非人，与consider（认为）构成被动关系，应用被动语态，且动名词作主语，视为第三人称单数，句子语境为一般现在时，综上填is considered。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：你不仅可以学习新的语言，品尝当地美食，还可以欣赏一些世界上最美丽的艺术和建筑。固定搭配have a taste of是“品尝……”，使用介词of，故填of。 【38题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：自冠状病毒大流行以来，旅行变得相当困难。新冠开始大流行的时间是过去，且结合所学知识，主句为现在完成时，since引导的从句用一般过去时，综上填went。 【39题详解】 考查现在分词作伴随状语。句意：在第一次封锁的早期，博物馆、剧院和动物园开始举办“虚拟之旅”，通过高速的互联网连接将展览和表演带入人们的客厅。分析句子结构，谓语动词为started，设空处为非谓语动词，且与主语构成主动关系，结合语境句意，可用现在分词作伴随状语，故填bringing。 【40题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：据《福布斯》报道，“虚拟旅行”一词在谷歌上的搜索量在2020年2月达到了1300次。分析句子结构，谓语动词为reached（达到），前面部分为主语，故search在此处作可数名词，表示“搜索量”，根据数字1300，可知应用复数，故填searches。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：在第一次封锁开始的那年3月，人数增加到大约1万人。修饰整个句子，应用副词，approximate的副词形式为approximately（近似地，大约），在句中做状语，故填approximately。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：目前，阻止人们出国的疫情仍在世界各地肆虐。分析句子结构，谓语is前为主语部分，主语的中心语为the pandemic（疫情），其后接定语从句，修饰先行词the pandemic，先行词在从句中作主语，这是一种事物，故用关系代词which或that指代并引导定语从句，综上填which或that。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：因此，如果你想在悉尼欣赏现场音乐会，漫步在北京繁华拥挤的小巷，亦或是看看罗马壮丽的喷泉，你可以进行一次虚拟城市之旅，尽情探索。根据语境，后面所列举的三种情境是一种想象或假设，并非真实发生，故可用if（如果）引导条件状语从句，综上本题填if。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：因此，如果你想在悉尼欣赏现场音乐会，漫步在北京繁华拥挤的小巷，亦或是看看罗马壮丽的喷泉，你可以进行一次虚拟城市之旅，尽情探索。修饰名词alleys（小巷）应用形容词crowded（拥挤的），故填crowded。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：句意：因此，如果你想在悉尼欣赏现场音乐会，漫步在北京繁华拥挤的小巷，亦或是看看罗马壮丽的喷泉，你可以进行一场虚拟城市之旅，尽情探索。根据“进行一场虚拟城市之旅”中的“一场”，且virtual发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 （满分10分） 46. 展示你积累的“读后续写”内容。 a. 请写出3种不同的能形象地表示“说”的单词或词组，写在答题纸上。 b. 请写出3种不同的能形象地表示“走”的单词或词组，写在答题纸上。 c. 请写出一句能表示一个人感到害怕的句子（不少于10词），写在答题纸上。 d. 请写出一句能表示一个人欣喜若狂的句子（不少于10词），写在答题纸上。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】a. 示例： shout cry, yell, stammer, scream, sigh, state, announce, … 【写say, speak, talk等不得分】 b. 示例： mince碎步走 toddle婴儿学步 tiptoe蹑手蹑脚 shuffle拖着脚走 march列队走 stride大步走 strut趾高气扬地走 stalk昂首阔步 sneak鬼鬼祟祟地走 sidle侧身走 … 【写walk, run等不得分】 c. 示例：The horrible scene made my blood run cold and struck fear into my heart. d. 示例： After heard this satisfactory outcome, Steve felt a sense of joy and happiness surging through him. 【解析】 【详解】考查词汇积累。在英语中，表示“说”的单词或词组有：shout, cry, yell, stammer, scream, sigh, state, announce, …；表示“走”的单词或词组有：mince碎步走 toddle婴儿学步 tiptoe蹑手蹑脚 shuffle拖着脚走 march列队走 stride大步走 strut趾高气扬地走 stalk昂首阔步 sneak鬼鬼祟祟地走 sidle侧身走 …；表示一个人感到害怕的句子为：The horrible scene made my blood run cold and struck fear into my heart.；表示一个人欣喜若狂的句子为：After heard this satisfactory outcome, Steve felt a sense of joy and happiness surging through him.。故答案为：a. 示例：shout, cry, yell, stammer, scream, sigh, state, announce, …；b. 示例： mince碎步走 toddle婴儿学步 tiptoe蹑手蹑脚 shuffle拖着脚走 march列队走 stride大步走 strut趾高气扬地走 stalk昂首阔步 sneak鬼鬼祟祟地走 sidle侧身走……；c. 示例：The horrible scene made my blood run cold and struck fear into my heart.；d. 示例： After heard this satisfactory outcome, Steve felt a sense of joy and happiness surging through him.。 第二节 （满分15分） 47. 假定你是李华，你的好友Jim 在暑假期间痴迷于朋友圈，经常发照片分享生活中的所有细节，请根据以下要点提示，给Jim 写一封信： 1.对分享行为表示理解； 2.阐述过度分享的危害； 3.提出建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：朋友圈 moments Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m worried that you’ve been addicted to sharing all sorts of photos in WeChat moments recently. Undeniably, WeChat makes communication convenient and leisure time colorful. However, there exist some potential risks of leaking privacy, which may cause economic losses. Besides, oversharing can make others uncomfortable, for they think you are showing off. Thus, never should we post our personal information, nor should we rashly add strangers to the list of friends. It’s wiser to set aside some time to accompany parents or do something more meaningful. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给好友Jim写一封信，对于他痴迷于朋友圈分享的行为进行评述，对其行为表达理解之情，同时，阐述过度分享的危害和提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 担心的：worried→concerned/afraid 痴迷于：be addicted to→be obsessed with/be crazy about 导致/引起：cause→lead to/result in/bring about 而且：besides→what’s more/additionally/in addition 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Undeniably, WeChat makes communication convenient and leisure time colorful. 拓展句：There’s no doubt that WeChat makes communication convenient and leisure time colorful. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, there exist some potential risks of leaking privacy, which may cause economic losses.（运用了there be句式的变式句“there exist…”；运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Thus, never should we post our personal information, nor should we rashly add strangers to the list of friends.（运用了否定词“never”，“nor”置于句首的部分倒装句式） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $