UNIT 1 Section Ⅱ Learning About Language-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2024）

同步导学案答案 UNIT 1 SCIENCE FICTION 跟踪检测 1.单句语法填空 Section I Reading and Thinking 1. were invited 2. has been changed 3. are removed 4. were used 5. is envied 6. have been made 7. to be done 课文研读·发展思维品质 8. pulling/ to be pulled 9. washes 10. be delivered Step One I.D II.Parts 1-3 CAB II.语法与写作(使用被动语态) Step Two 1~4 CCAC 1. which is being restored 2. this area was named Step Three I.1.时间状语;宾语 克莱尔并不想家里有个机 3. to be discussed 4. are difficult to remember 器人,尤其是在她丈夫要出差三周的时候,但是拉里劝她说机 5. homework hadn't been finished 器人不会伤害她:也不会让她受到伤害 6. their own house is being rebuilt 2.形式主语:真正的主语 克菜尔认为她被机器人同情是荒逐 语基输入·助力语言输出 的,但她逐渐钦佩他的智慧和正直,并且开始信任他。 1.(1)presumption (2)It is presumed that 3.宾语;非限制性定语;她告诉他,她很不高兴,因为她的家对 2.(1)is based (2)basic (3)basis 拉里来说不够雅致,他想通过涨工资来提高自已的社会地位。 (4)On the basis of these facts Based on these facts 4.时间状语 当她转过身时,格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那里。 3.(1)on (2)calculation (3)is calculated to attract II. 1. called 2. alarmed 3. it 4. with 5. embarrassed (4)①Scientists have caleulated that 6. improve 7. To decorate 8. items 9.(should) invite ②lt has been calculated by scientists that 10. What Section II Using Language 语基输入·助力语言输出 (2)on (3)a new way to test for 1.(1)to 课文研读·发展思维品质 (4)testing out the whole experiment 1.1~5 CDBDB II. 1. its 2. immediately 3. gripped 2.(1)was dismissed (2)than 4. to explain (3)I would be more than delighted: There will be more than 5. was being driven 6. thaty which 7. stopping 8. at 9. and ten friends; The party is more than for fun 10. has travelled 3.(1)to deal (2)appointed (3)make have an appointment with 语基输入·助力语言输出 1.(1)to (2)is senior to me 4. (1)stands an ancient tower (2)lies the library (3)is junior to: am iunior to him (3)Lying on the bed was my deskmate (4)taking over; took in: took on; take off: take or 5.(1)guilty (2)Feeling guilty about all the lies (5)took up much of her time 2.(1)conflicting (2)are in conflict with (3)be guilty of thef 6.(1)was suspended (2)from (3)it conflicted with an important business meeting (3)suspended by ropes from the roof of the building 3.(1)that (2)that (3)It was his brave heart and strong faith that 4.(1)to say (2)had happened (3)they never existed 7.(1)was dismissed (2)from (3)Dismissing her fears (4)结果是 (5)关掉(6)在场 (7)turned off (8)turned to 8.(1)on (2)against (3)Hardly had we declared the ceremony open 5.(1) To keep up with his pace/ To keep pace with him (2) paced up and down in the kitchen Section II Learning About Language (3)over down (4)off (5)behind (6)①As confidence fell away ②With confidence falling away 语法慧学·提升语言能力 6.(1)urges;urgent;urgency (2)It's urgent for students themselves 探究发现 (3)①urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity 1.过去将来时的被动语态 2.动词不定式的被动语态 to participate in outdoor activities 3.过去进行时的被动语态 4.一般过去时的被动语态 ② urge that their children (should) take advantage of the 要义详析 opportunity to participate in outdoor activities [即时训练] Section IV Writing-Write a sci-fi short story 1.(1)was built (2)be done (3)had been forced 2.(1)be employed (2)be taken (3)swept (4)to read 以读促写 3.(1)seeing (2)to be preserved/preserving (3)feels [微写作] 4.(1)to be lifted (2)to understand (3)to announce 1.(1)approached: took out of;handed (4)to make (2)Putting:climbed; peered .156·英语选择性必修第四册同步导学案 Section II Learning About Language 语法慧学提升语言能力 答案精解P 复习被动语态 Where trial-and-error was used,the cockatoos 探究发现 did better than monkeys in similar tests. 请观察下列教材句子中画线部分的语态形式并 在反复试验的情况下，在类似的测试中，凤头鹦 体会它们的语法特征。 鹉比猴子表现更好。 l.(教材P,)It was going to be tested out by Various types of trips are now being classified Larry's wife,Claire. as ecotourism. 现在各种类型的旅行都被归类为生态旅游。 2.(教材P,)…but Larry persuaded her that the [即时训练1门一单句语法填空 robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Two years later,asix harmed. meter-tall pavilion,inspired by The Peony 3.(教材Pz)Now she was being looked after by a Pavilion. build)at the Firs robot that looked so human.and it was Garden.just ten minutes'walk from Shakespeare's disturbing. birthplace. 4.(敦材P,)As he was not allowed to accompany (2)(2024·全国甲)What should her to the shops,he wrote out a list of things (do)with such a beautiful place? that he would need for his work on the house. (3)It was the first time that the rescue team (force)to dismiss the idea of exploring the dangerous area. 要义详析 二、被动语态的特殊结构形式 一、各种时态的被动语态形式 1.带情态动词的被动结构，其形式为“情态动词十 be+过去分词”。 项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 The old man can plant 200 trees every day. am is am is/are 现在 has have been done -200 trees can be planted by the old man are done being done every day.那个老人每天可以种200棵树。 was/were was were 过去 had been done 2.有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构 done being done 时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语， shall/will shall will have been 将来 另一个宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。 be done done His mother gave him a present for his birthday. D(2o23·北京)Each week,participants will be -.He was given a present for his birthday by asked to complete a topic-specific reflection task. his mother. 每周，参与者将被要求完成一项针对特定主题的 -A present for his birthday was given to him 反思任务。 by his mother.他的母亲送给他一件生日礼物。 6 UNIT I SCIENCE FICTION 3.当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语 (2)The chairman said that the children in the 态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。 centre should (take)good care of. Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. (3)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring -.The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. probably got (sweep)into a pile 有人抓到那个男孩吸烟。 of kitchen rubbish. 4,在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词 (4)The boy was made (read)English see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后 by his mother every day during last summer 面不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定 holiday. 式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加t0。 三、主动形式表示被动意义 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. l.连系动词（如look,sound,smell,feel,taste, -A stranger was seen to walk into the building. remain,seem,hear,appear,.prove等)后接 有人看见一个陌生人走进大楼。 表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。 5.有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词十 The boys playing football there look so excited. 介词”“动词十副词”等，也可以用于被动结构， 在那里踢足球的男孩们看上去那么兴奋。 但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开，其中的 What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging. 介词或副词也不能省略 他在会上说的话听起来令人备受鼓舞 We are to put off the meeting till Friday. 2.wash,write,sell,open,close,shut,lock, -The meeting is to be put off till Friday. cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily,well等) 我们将把会议推迟到周五。 时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。 6.含有“动词+名词十介词”（如make use of,. This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts pay attention to,take care of等)的主动句变 long.这种布料很容易洗，并且耐穿。 为被动句时，有两种方法：一是把主动句的宾 The pen my father gave me as a birthday 语变为被动句的主语；二是把固定动词短语中 gift writes smoothly.父亲给我的作为生日礼 的名词变为被动句的主语。 物的钢笔写起来很流畅。 We should make use of our time to study. 3.need,want,require,deserve等+doing,用主 --Our time should be made use of to study. 动形式表示被动意义。 -Use should be made of our time to study. The dirty floor really needs cleaning. 我们应该利用时间学习。 -.The dirty floor really needs to be cleaned. 7.构成被动语态的助动词除了be之外，还可以 这脏脏的地板确实需要打扫一下了。 用get。 4.be worth doing→be worthy to be done,主动形 It will undoubtedly help you get refreshed! 式表被动意义。 毫无疑问，它能帮助你恢复精力 The novel is worth reading again. [即时训练2]一单句语法填空 -.The novel is worthy to be read again. (1)(2o23·全国甲)Carson proves that a simple 这部小说值得再读一次。 literal form that has been passed down through [即时训练3]一单句语法填空 the ages can still (employ)today (1)Our teacher also said that the new film was to draw attention to important truths. well worth (see)again. 英语选择性必修第四册同步导学案 (2)His music deserved preserve) The police thought that the careless driver in the family. was to blame for the accident. (3)It is known to us that ice always 警察认为事故应归咎于粗心的司机。 (feel)cold. (4)动词不定式与疑问词连用时。 四、动词不定式的被动语态 With so many books on hand,Tom had no idea which book to read first,手头有那么多的 1.动词不定式的被动语态由“to十be十及物动词 书，汤姆不知道应该先读哪一本。 的过去分词”构成，当动词不定式所表示的动 [即时训练4门一单句语法填空 作与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系时，要用动词 (1)(2o23·新课标I)Nanxiang aside,the best 不定式的被动式。动词不定式的被动式只有 Xiao long bao have a fine skin,allowing them 一般式和完成式。 (lift)out of the steamer basket The realization that this is a precious land, without allowing them tearing or spilling any to be respected by humans,was one of the of their contents. biggest things that hit home to Ginni. (2)I hear that the new text is hard Ginni意识到这是一片宝贵的土地，应该受到 (understand). 人类的尊重，这是她感触最深的事情之一。 (3)May I have your attention,please?I have By the end of 2020.Pruitt had repaired something important (announce). (4)He is so young that he really doesn't know more than 140 for donation or to be returned to what decision (make). their owners. 到2020年底为止，Pruitt修好的140多辆自行 跟踪检测 车要么用于捐赠，要么被归还给车主。 I,单句语法填空 The room seems to have been broken into. 1.On the last day of our stay,we 似乎有人闯进过这间房子。 invite to attend a private concert on a 2.动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义的情况 beautiful farm. (1)动词不定式与被修饰的名词或代词之间有 2.Though we don't know what was discussed, 逻辑上的动宾关系，且与句中另一名词或代词 yet we can feel the topic (change). 之间有逻辑上的主谓关系时。 3.When fat and salt remove)from The poor old man only has a very small food.the food tastes as if it is missing something. 4.Steam engines (use)to pull the room to live in. carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant 那位可怜的老人只有一间很小的房间住。 for the passengers,with all the smoke and noise. (2)动词不定式跟在性质形容词后，与句子主 5.He (envy)by many men,because 语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系时。 he has a big house,a car and a good family. It is said that these apples are good to eat. 6.We won't start the work until all the preparations 据说这些苹果很好吃。 (make). (3)某些动词（如blame,let等）的不定式用在 7.The next thing (do)is to clean be后作表语时，用主动形式表示被动意义。 the classroom. UNIT I SCIENCE FICTION 8.To make way for the wide street,these houses 3.我听说，明天要讨论的主题是关于小孩子的教 need (pull)down. 育问题。 9.The new clothes are a little expensive but the I hear that the topic cloth (wash)well. tomorrow is about little children's education. 10.If your order is ready,the T-shirt will 4,汤姆发现，有些英语单词很难记. (deliver)to you as soon as possible. Tom finds that some English words Ⅱ.语法与写作（使用被动语态） 1.正在修复的塔将很快向游客开放。 5.他回到学校时作业还没做完。 The tower His will be open to tourists soon. when he came back to school. 2.据报道，去年这个地区被命名为国家野生动植 6.他们现在和父母住在一起，因为他们自己的房 物保护区。 子正在重建。 It is reported that They are living with their parents for the a national wildlife reserve last year. moment because 语基输入 助力语言输出 答案精解P ①（教材P,)Whoever is charged with a erime should 2(教材P,)money paid for work or services, be presumed innocent until proven otherwise.任何被 typically on a daily or weekly basis为工作或服务 指控犯罪的人被证明有罪前应该假定为无罪。 支付的钱，通常是以每天或每周的方式支付 Qoma…basis根据：以…的方式（基准） ●presume vt..&vi.假设；假定 ①basis .(pl.bases)基础：根据；原因，缘由： ①It is presumed that. 人们认为… 基准，准则 presume.tobe.… 假定…是… on the basis of 以…为基础 ②presumption ”.可能的事：假定 ②base l.以…为基础 几.基础：基部；基地 He said nothing,but I presumed that he understood base...on upon 把…置于…基础之上 the rules. be based on'upon 以…为基础 他没有说话，但我相信他明白这些规则。 ③basic adj.基础的：基本的 [融会练通]—单句语法填空 I am saving money on a regular basis with the (1)Everyone is entitled to the aim of buying a house of my own.我正在定期存 (presume)of innocence until they are proved to 钱，目的是买一套属于我自己的房子。 be guilty. [融会练通]一单句语法填空 (1)The play the girl participating in [习作练笔]一补全句子 (base)on Irish legend. (2)人们认为，在这里建一个新学校是合理的。 (2)You'd better learn some (base) it is reasonable to set Chinese before you study for a degree in Chinese up a new school here. culture. 9 英语选择性必修第四册同步导学案 (3)The teacher recommended that students should It is calculated that European railways alone go over what they have learned on a regular spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on (base). maintenance.据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁 [习作练笔]一补全句子 路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元。 (4)根据这些事实，我们可以得出他有罪的结论。 [融会练通]—单句语法填空 we can draw the conclusion that he is guilty. (1)We calculate having fine weather 3(教材P,)They believe if AI can handle tasks for the sports meeting next week. like calculating and driving for us,we will have (2)To our great excitement,our guess was more time for creating,thinking,and "being eventually confirmed by (calculate). human'”.他们认为，如果智能机器人能够处理像 [习作练笔]—补全句子一句多译 计算和为我们开车这些任务，我们会有更多的 (3)这个广告旨在吸引家庭主妇的注意力。 时间来创作、思考和“作为人生活”。 This advertisement calculate vt.计算：核算：预测 the attention of housewives. Dcalculate on(=count rely depend on) (4)据科学家计算，到本世纪末，世界人口将翻一番 预期：指望，依赖 ① be calculated to do sth(=be intended/ the world's population will double by the end of designed to do sth) 打算做故意做/ the century 可能做某事 ② 2It is calculated that... 据估算… the world's population will double by the end of ③calculating ad.精于计算的 calculation n.计算 the century. calculator n.计算器 友情提示完成P课时作业（二） SectionⅢ Using Language 请完成P:默写练习（二）、教材原文助读见分册本 课文研读发晨思维品质 答案精解P I.Read the text (Ps),then choose the best answer. C.She saw the time traveller travel in the time 1.How did the time traveller first know he had machine. travelled through time? D.She was looking for something in the lab A.The laboratory remained exactly as before. for a little while. B.His niece told him. 3.Why did the time traveller feel strange and unpleasant during the time travel? C.He realized from the clock on the wall. A.The time machine had been poorly designed. D.The time machine told him. B.He was travelling through time at such a 2.What happened to the time traveller's niece? high speed. A.She moved like a rocket in the lab. C.He suffered from the time lag. B.She came to help the time traveller. D.He was feeling the time travel sickness. ·10