UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 课时作业8 语言运用专项-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2024）

课时作业（八） 语言运用专项 答案精解P (建议用时：20分钟) I,完形填空 5.A.sorting B.releasing It's 6:15 a.m.on a Jogging Plogging C.recycling D.donating school day,and Jocelyn 6.A.appropriately B.voluntarily Murzycki has two kids 大 C.frequently D.purposefully 7.A.empty B.drop C.pack and she needs to get out D.search 2700 of the door in an hour. 8.A.prevented B.accepted As the sky begins to 1,Murzycki C.discovered D.restricted doesn't 9.A.collection B.combination manage a few more minutes of sleep.2,she's C.connection D.comparison heading out in the freezing cold on her daily plog-a 10.A.launched B.challenged run to 3 litter. C.controlled D.joined First,the 4 are:a litter grabber and a reusable 11.A.mad B.hopeless C.amused D.amazed shopping bag,one side for landfill and the other for 12.A.rules B.features C.benefits D.policies 5.Covering herself up,Murzycki jogs 6 13.A.requiring B.broadcasting down Main Street,stopping briefly to pick up a plastic C.reminding D.inspiring cup.She usually needs to stop halfway through her 14.A.depressing B.confusing 20-minute run to 7 her bag.Within a few hours C.shameful D.noble the street will look littered again.But she isn't 8 -it 15.A.weight B.footprint C.exercise D.training just adds fuel to her plogging fire. Ⅱ.语法填空 The word“plogging”comes from plogga,a9 Farmland is taking much of the planet.A new of two Swedish words that mean to pick up and to global map 1. (collect)from a satellite jog.The activity was 10 by Erik Ahlstrom. shows that the fields of corn,rice and other crops When he moved to Stockholm,he felt 11 at the 2 (eat)up more than 1 million additional amount of litter in the streets and began gathering square kilometers of land in the past two decades. friends to clean up the neighborhood while out for "The rough march of the human footprint is runs.Now Mr Ahlstrom is traveling around the rather 3. (violence),"says researcher world,publicizing the 12 of plogging.In the Matt Hansen.The food needs of a fast-growing US,social media and running groups are 13 population in Africa are driving the expansion.But people to get out and plog:the“plogging'”tag(标签) the study also highlights how Earth's land is becoming alone has more than 40,000 posts. global farm,with wealthier countries Murzycki has been doing this for a few years outsourcing crop production to poorer 5. even before the trend hit the US."It is really super (region).New fields have replaced forests and other natural ecosystems that stored large amounts of 14 if you go out every single day and just pick carbon,6. (threaten)the efforts to conserve up litter,"she says.But she's figured out how to biodiversity and stop climate change. make it fun by jogging with friends and adding the However,the study does tell some hopeful 15 finding a tiny glass bottle adds one push-up trends.Over the study period,the total quantity of (俯卧撑). plants increased by 25%.The study also highlights 1.A.clear B.snow C.lighten D.darken the need to improve cropland productivity in Africa, 2.A.Thus B.Instead has the world's lowest crop output, C.Nevertheless D.Otherwise meaning that more land 8. (need)to 3.A.pay for B.fight for grow a given amount of food."If the world wants to solve C.account for D.hunt for climate change,”Hansen says,.“from a9. 4.A.samples B.necessities (pure)self-interested viewpoint,it needs to support C.possessions D.types Africa 10. solving its land use challenge." ·143·perfect shape instead of the small,slightly wrinkled one.I 品浪费，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬莱带来的温室气 was wondering if she made a mistake.But she started eating 体排放，故选B项（一个从农场到餐桌的项目有助于藏少食 the less attractive apple and signaled me to enjoy mine.The 物浪费)。 apple was full of juice and exploded in my mouth like a flavor D bomb.I ate each mouthful with tears of appreciation for 主题语境：人与自然/自然生态。本文为说明文， Stella.at the same time overcome with shame for my 语篇 导读 主要介绍了冰盖融化及其影响，呼吁人们要认真对待 selfishness in the past.From that day on.I still kept the habit 气候变化问题。 of trading the food with my classmates,but I always offered 12.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，冰盖就是一大块 the better and more attractive one. 存在很久的冰地，故选C项。 课时作业（七） 13.D细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，冰盖的融化导致 动物机饿和疾病，故选D项。 1.第一节 14.B推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句可推知，近年来， A 海平面上升得更快，故选B项。 主题语境：人与自然/环境保护，本文为应用文， 语篇 15,A标题归纳题。根据第一段首句以及下文对冰盖融化产 导读 介绍了四个采用绿色交通方式来减少温室气体静放的 生的影响的具体描述可知，文章主要介绍了冰盖融化的影 自行车友好型城市。 响，故选A项。 1.B 细节理解题。根据Mlalmo,Sweden部分末句可知，Malm会 Ⅱ.第二节 吸引对摄影感兴趣的骑行者，放选B项。 语篇 主题语境：人与自然/人与环境。本文为议论文， 2.A细节理解题。根据Beijing,China部分末句和Bogota, 导读论述了气候变化加刷了全球不平等 Colombia部分前三句可知，北京和Bogota的共同点是都改善 1G顺承关系。根据空前一句可知，第一段讲的内容是科学 了单车骑行设施，故选A项。 家们预测到了由于气候变化导致的温度升高对世界上最穷 3.C细节理解题。根据Montreal,Canada部分末句可知，让 蒙特利尔不同于其他城市的是它举行一年一度的自行车活 的人们的影响是最大的：第二段进一步证明了这个预测，所 以空处表示的是：通过研究，这个预测得到了证实，故选 动，故选C项。 G项。 2.A顺承关系。根据空后A2015 study…,再结合上文中的 语篇 主题语境：人与自然，环境保护。本文为记叙文， new research可知，空处要表示的意思正好和A项中的The 主要讲的是Alison Teal探索世界的故事以及她的环 导读 new study builds on past research一致，故选A项. 保理念。 3.下对比关系。根据第二段可知，研究中要比较的是最穷的 4.D推理判断题。根据第一段后两句可知，Alison年幼时过 和最富裕的国家，空前介绍是最穷国家的情况，可推知，空处 着亲近自然的生活，故选D项。 要表达的是最富裕国家的情况，故选F项。 5.A细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，让Alison震惊的是 4.B例证关系。根据下文可知，这些都是最穷国家所面临的 海岸上的垃圾数量，故选A项。 困难，故选B项。 6,B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，在参加了真 5.D总分关系。根据空后的For example可知，空处是主题 人秀节目后，Aom决定转变关注重点并开始保护海洋，故选 句，根据后面的例子可以得出结论，温度的升高会影响经济， B项. 故选D项。 7.A推理判断题.根据最后一段后两句可知，Alison相信每 课时作业（八） 个人都可以为保护地球作出贡献，无论是什么职业，我们都 可以用自己的方式提供帮助，故选A项。 I,完形填空 主题语境：人与自然/环境保护。本文为记叙文， 主题语境：人与自然：环境保护。本文为专题报 语篇 介绍了一种一边慢跑一边检垃极的活动一plDg。在 语篇 道，介绍了美国康涅狄格州邮政局的Conneet Local项 导读 享受乐趣的同时，也为保护环境尽一份力。 导读 目。这个项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品减少了食 L,C根据常识，早上的时候天会逐渐变亮((lighten). 品浪货，还减少了其他地方运输水果和蔬莱带来的温 2.B没有多睡几分钟，故此处指而是(instead)做了另一件事 室气体排放 情替代。thus因此：nevertheless然而：otherwise否则。 8.D细节理解题。根据第二段可知，该项目使农产品的运输 3.D根据第4空后面的a litter grabber(垃圾夹具)可知， 更容易和更便宜，故选D项。 Murzycki是去街上寻找(hunt for)垃圾，检垃圾。pay for为 9.C细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，农产品的价格低、质 支付：fight for为…战斗：account for是…的原因。 量差导致美国的很多作物依旧没有收获而留在地里，故选 4.B句意：必要的工具(necessities)是一个垃圾夹具和一个可 C项. 重复利用的购物袋。sample样品：possession拥有物：typc 10.A词句猜测题。根据画线词上文可知，浪费食物就意味着 类型。 种植食物时消耗的水、土地和能源是被浪费的，同时分解食 5.C根据下文可知，购物袋的作用是用来回收(recycle)可利 物又产生了温室气体，因此糟糕的影响在不断增加，所以画 用的垃圾的，sort分类：release释放：donate捐赠。 线词与“增加”意义相近，故选A项。 6.D根据上下文可知，慢跑不仅仅是跑步，捡垃圾也是目标之 11.B标题归纳题。本文介绍了美国康涅狄格州邮政局的 一。ppropriately合适地：voluntarily自愿地：frequently频 Conneet I,ocml项目不仅帮助农场直接销售农产品减少了食 繁地：purposefully有目的地，故选D项。 ·181· 7.A句意：跑步过程中不断回收垃圾，那么包就会装满，所以：8.is needed考查时态、语态和主谓-一致。空处在tht引导的 她经常需要在20分钟的行程中途，停下来清空(empty)她的 宾语从句中作谓语，主语more land与动词need之间为逻辑 包。drop丢掉；pack打包；search搜索。 上的动宾关系，应用被动语态：结合句意及其他谓语动词时 8.A根据下句可知，街上又出现的垃圾并没有给她带来阻力 态可知，此处是在陈述客魂事实，应用一般现在时的被动语 (prevent)而是动力. 态；主语land为不可数名词，故填is needed, 9.B“plogging”这个单词来自plogga,这是一个由两个瑞典单 9.purely考查词性转换。句意：从纯粹的自我利益的角度来 词（一个意味若检起，一个意味者慢跑）结合(combination)在 看，它需要支持非洲解决其土地使用的挑战。空处在句中作 一起形成的。collection收集：connection连接：comparison 状语修饰后面的形容词，应用副词形式purely,表示“纯粹地、 比较 完全地” 10.A根据第11空后他开始召集朋友们在外出孢跑步时清理附 10.in/by考查介词。support sb/sth in/by doing sth支持… 近垃圾可知，这项活动是由Erik Ahlstrom发起(launch)的。 做某事，为固定搭配 11.D根据语境和下文可知，此处指他对街上垃圾的数量感到 震惊(amazed)。mad疯狂的：hopeless无望的：amused逗 课时作业（九） 乐的 技能提升篇 12.C根据动词publicize(宣传)可知，此处应填积极色彩的词， 积累常诵 故此处指向人们宣传这个活动的好处(benefit). 1.(1)She was putting her feet up and watching TV 13.D句意：在美国，社交媒体和跑步团体正在鼓励(inspire)人 (2)She jumped to her feet 们走出去并且参与捡垃圾的活动。 (3)planted her feet firmly to the ground and refused to move 14.A根据下文to make it fun可知，此处应表相反意义，故此 an inch 处指如果你每天都去到外面并且只是检垃圾，这真的是太 (4)Her father frowned and tapped stamped his feet impatiently. 令人沮丧了(depressing)。 (5)Impatient and angry:with her feet kicking 15.C句意：但是她想出了如何通过与朋友们一起慢跑和增加 (6)She dragged her feet as she unwillingly followed her 锻炼(exercise)来获得乐趣，每找到一个小玻璃瓶就增加一 parents home. 个俯卧撑。 (7)On arriving home,she pulled took off her shoes and Ⅱ.语法填空 dashed into her bedroom.barefoot and fast. 主题语境：人与自然人类生存，社会发展与环境 2.One possible version: 语篇 的关系。本文为说明文，主要说明农业耕作占用过多 She was putting her feet up and watching TV when her 导读 土地资源对气候变化造成影响及土地资源利用率低等 parents asked her to return home.However,she jumped to 问题。 her feet when she heard the news.At first,she planted her 1.collected考查非谓语动词.句意：一颗卫星收集的一份新 feet firmly to the ground and refused to move an inch.Her 的全球地图显示，在过去20年里，玉米、水稻和其他作物的 father frowned and tapped/stamped his feet impatiently. Impatient and angry,they carried her out of the hotel,with 田地已经额外吞噬了100多万平方公里的土地。句中已有 her feet kicking.She dragged her feet as she unwillingly 谓语动词shows,且和空处之间无连词，空处只能填非谓语动 词形式.逻辑主语A new global map与动词colleet之间为 followed her parents home.On arriving home,she pulled off 逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语， her shoes and dashed into her bedroom,barefoot and fast. 2.have eaten考查时态和主谓一致。空处在从句中作谓语，主 实战演练篇 语the fields of corn,rice and other crops与动间eat之间为 1.Mrs Evans:wrinkled;discouraged;lit up 逻辑上的主谓关系，根据时间状语in the past two decades可 2.第一段：A week later,Peter stood nervously at the back of 知，此处用现在完成时：主语为复数形式，故填have eaten。 the hall where Go Green was meeting. 3.violent考查词性转换。空处在句中作表语，且由副词 第二段：After the meeting,Isabel exeitedly told Peter the rather修饰，应用形容词violent,表示“暴力的”。 good news. 4.a考查冠词。此处泛指“一个全球农场”，应用不定冠词， 紧张地；“绿色行动组织”作报告：Peter:好消息：同意提供帮 global的发音以辅音音素开头，故填n。 助：公园：非常成功：“绿色行动组织”：努力：焕然一新 5.regions考查名词的数。空处位于形容词poorer后，应用名 3,紧张：√成功；“绿色行动组织"：calm...down:clear one's 词：结合前面的countries可知，此处与其对应，也应用名词复 throat:conclude:confidence:absorbed:好消息：恢复生机；焕 数形式。 然一新：approve:inform sb of sth:replace:take on a new 6.threatening考查非谓语动词。句意：新的农田取代了储存 look:make a difference:excited:merry happy 大量碳的森林和其他自然生态系统，在保护生物多样性和阻 4.①wildly②convincing③logical④wel-organized 止气候变化的努力方面形成了威胁。句中已有谓语，空处填 ⑤absorbed⑥⑤conclude⑦officially approve 非谓语动词形式：结合句意可知，整个非谓语动词短语作结 ⑨maintain①tireless①calm-down②clear one's throat 果状语，故用现在分词。 ⑤go smoothly base on⑤inform sb of sth 7.whih考查引导词。句意：这项研究还强调了提高非洲农田 get down to doing/set out to do/set about doing 生产力的必要性，非洲的作物产量是世界上最低的，这意味 recreational equipment be replaced with 着需要更多的土地来种植指定数量的粮食。空处在句中引 Dtake on a new look at the sight of make a difference 导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Aca,从句中缺少主语， (1)Standing in front of several experts from Go Green.though his 先行词表示物，故用which引导， heart beating wildly ·182·