精品解析：山东省枣庄市薛城区、山亭区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

2024 ~ 2025学年度第一学期学科素养诊断试题 高二英语 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Sam do tonight? A. Fly to Tokyo. B. Attend a party. C. Have a meeting. 2. What does the woman suggest doing first? A. Traveling to the town. B. Buying the medicine. C. Having breakfast. 3. Where is the man probably going now? A. His brother’s house. B. A gift shop. C. The Children’s Center. 4. How much is a concert ticket for a child? A. $8. B. $2. C. $4. 5. What does the man like about the movie? A. Its funny plot. B. Its actors. C. Its music. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What did the boy do first last night? A. He read textbooks. B. He listened to music. C. He watched TV. 7. What is Wimbledon about? A. Films. B. Tennis. C. Music. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What is the man’s cousin? A. A journalist. B. A teacher. C. A sailor. 9. How does the man like teaching? A. Boring. B. Exciting. C. Challenging. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What is the room like? A. Big but old. B. Small but new. C. Big and new. 11. What will be arranged first? A. The bed. B. The chairs. C. The dressing table. 12. Where will the chairs be put? A. Behind the dressing table. B. In front of the fireplace. C. Close to the window. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. Where will the speakers go first? A. A shop. B. A museum. C. A restaurant. 14. What does the woman have no interest in? A. Tasting Indian food. B. Taking a walk. C. Seeing unique animals. 15. Why won’t the speakers go shopping? A. They don’t have enough money. B. The shopping mall is a little far. C. It will take them too much time. 16. How will the speakers go to the seashore? A. By subway. B. On foot. C. By car. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. What can we learn about Mrs. Green? A. She always drives very fast. B. She only drives a day every week. C. She has an old and small car. 18. What’s the color of Mike s car? A. Black. B. Blue. C. White. 19. Who has a very old car? A. Mrs. Bates. B. Mike. C. Joe. 20. What is the relationship between Joe and the speaker? A. His cousin. B. His uncle. C. His friend. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As kids grow up, there’s a good chance that - if you’re a parent - you have a surplus of toys in your home. There are plenty of children, however, who do not have their own toy collection. This is where you can make a difference by doing your part to support children in need. To make this easier, we’ve rounded up a list of organizations that are always on the lookout for toy donations (捐赠). Second Chance Toys Founded in 2006, Second Chance Toys recycles plastic toys and donates them to community organizations that service children in need. The organization partners with a number of drop-off locations across the U. S. You can find a location near you, register as a donor (捐赠人), sign up for a time to drop off your toys, and you’re good to go! The organization only accepts clean plastic toys with no small or missing parts. Ronald McDonald House The Ronald McDonald House houses thousands of children and families who experience severe medical care. The organization does not accept used toys, but if you have any new and unopened toys, you can donate them to one of hundreds of locations across the U. S. Stuffed Animals for Emergencies Stuffed Animals for Emergencies (SAFE)accepts stuffed animal donations and gives them to children in need who have faced difficult times. SAFE accepts new and used toys, no matter how old they are. The organization also accepts donations of old items like blankets, books and kids clothes. You can find a chapter in your area and sign up to host a stuffed animal drive. 1. How can people donate toys to Second Chance Toys? A. By mailing toys directly to a location. B. By scheduling a drop-off time for toys. C. By donating toys at an organized event. D. By finding a partner at a nearby location. 2. Where can people donate used books according to this text? A. Second Chance Toys. B. Ronald McDonald House. C. Stuffed Animals for Emergencies. D. All locations across the U. S. 3. What do the three organizations have in common? A. They recycle toys from sellers. B. They have locations worldwide. C. They accept toys to help children. D. They are set up by local communities. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是三个一直在寻找玩具捐赠组织的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Second Chance Toys部分中的“You can find a location near you, register as a donor (捐赠人), sign up for a time to drop-off your toys, and you’re good to go! ( 你可以找到一个离你很近的地点，注册为捐赠者，报名一个时间来放下你的玩具，然后你就可以去了！)”可知，给Second Chance Toys组织捐赠玩具需要提前约定好时间。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Stuffed Animals for Emergencies部分中的“The organization also accepts donations of old items like blankets, books and kids clothes. (该组织还接受毯子、书籍和儿童衣服等旧物品的捐赠。)”可知，该组织还接受书籍，所以你可以给该组织捐赠旧书。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“As kids grow up, there’s a good chance that — if you’re a parent — you have a surplus of toys in your home. There are plenty of children, however, who do not have their own toy collection. This is where you can make a difference by doing your part to support children in need. To make this easier, we’ve rounded up a list of organizations that are always on the lookout for toy donations (捐赠). (随着孩子的成长，如果你是父母，家里很有可能会有多余的玩具。然而，有很多孩子没有自己的玩具收藏。在这里，你可以尽自己的一份力量来帮助有需要的孩子。为了方便起见，我们收集了一份一直在寻找玩具捐赠的组织名单。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是三个在寻找玩具捐赠的组织机构，人们可以将家里的多余玩具捐给这些组织机构去帮助有需要的孩子，结合下文中对三个在寻找玩具捐赠的机构组织相关信息的介绍可知，这三个组织的共同之处在于他们接受玩具来帮助孩子。故选C项。 B Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission and China’s first female spaceflight engineer, studied energy and power engineering at Southeast University before receiving a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and then continued to take part in a three-year postgraduate program in thermal engineering at the same school. Before her graduation, Wang submitted her resume to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute. At the institute, Wang was part of the research and development of new models of rocket engines, a new field that she had never been involved in. Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an intriguing game to her. Hard work and perseverance always pay off. She gradually became the backbone of her team. Three years after working on rocket engines, she was told by human resources colleagues that the country would recruit the third generation of astronauts. Wang and 17 male candidates were selected and divided into three groups: seven spacecraft pilots, another seven spaceflight engineers and four mission payload specialists. At the Astronaut Center of China, Wang has faced grueling challenges. She has spent tough times with teammates in survival drills in deserts and at sea, and has endured a 72-hour sleepless test. Despite the difficulties, she said she has never considered quitting. Looking into her first orbital journey, the astronaut said: “I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete each and every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better. ” 4. What did Wang Haoze major in before 2012? A. Space engineering. B. Thermal engineering. C. Aerospace propulsion. D. Energy and power engineering. 5. What can be learned about Wang from paragraph 2? A. She did research into rocket engines before. B. She shrank from difficulties she encountered. C. She played a key role in her team at the institute. D. She saw an astronaut recruitment advertisement. 6. What can be used to describe Wang Haoze? A. Courageous and humble. B. Determined and generous. C. Perseverant and determined. D. Approachable and influential. 7. What can we infer about Wang? A. Wang handles the test easily. B. Wang desires for her space mission. C. Wang wants to abandon her training. D. Wang contributes a lot to space fields. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是中国首位女太空工程师王浩泽的职业历程，从学术研究到火箭发动机开发，再到成为神舟十九号任务的宇航员，及其对太空探索的热情与贡献。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission and China’s first female spaceflight engineer, studied energy and power engineering at Southeast University before receiving a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and then continued to take part in a three-year postgraduate program in thermal engineering at the same school.(王浩泽是神舟十五号的机组成员，也是中国第一位女航天工程师，她在东南大学学习能源与动力工程，后于2012年获得学士学位，然后继续在同一所学校攻读为期三年的热能工程研究生课程)”可知，王浩泽在2012年前主修专业为能源与动力工程专业。故选 D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“She gradually became the backbone of her team.(她逐渐成为了团队的骨干)”可知，王浩泽逐渐成为团队中的主心骨，即她在团队中发挥着重要作用。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an intriguing game to her.(面对新的挑战和知识，她喜欢学习和克服困难，这对她来说是一种有趣的游戏)”以及第四段“Despite the difficulties, she said she has never considered quitting.(尽管困难重重，她说她从未考虑过放弃)”可知，王浩泽具有坚韧不拔和信念坚定的品质。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Looking into her first orbital journey, the astronaut said: “I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete each and every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better. ”(回顾她的第一次轨道旅行，这位宇航员说：“我想在天宫里漂浮，体验失重的兴奋。我也希望我能成功完成每一项任务，让我们的‘太空家园’变得更好。”)”可知，王浩泽对自己的太空探索任务充满期待。故选B。 C Miss sending letters? Try Lettrs! This new service brings back the art of letter writing by marrying it to the Internet. Lettrs, a new site, is attempting to bring back the old-fashioned idea of letter writing by providing a space that feels a little bit like a writing desk. Of course, there’ll be purists who say that to truly enjoy letter writing you must do it on fancy letter paper and envelope in the mail is part of the fun. And if you’re into that sort of thing, go for it. But I can’t be the only one who is now so much faster at typing that writing by hand is painfully slow. Nor can I be the only one who likes to write on a whim (一时兴起) when I’m going to be on a crowded train or airplane, both of which are situations where writing on the computer is far easier. The site tries, pretty seriously, to approximate (接近) what it’s like to have your very own writing desk and paper to choose from(which comes in various prints and colors) as well as corresponding (通信) types of prints and cursive writing (草写体) that come out on your screen as you write. There’s also a “desk drawer” for letters you’ve already sent, a “fridge” to post letters publicly, a “kitchen counter” for letters you have just received, and “shoebox” to store your letters in. And if you need inspiration there are even old-style letters that are great examples of the kind of correspondence people used to send. Lettrs is such a great idea, because you get the best parts of communicating online (typing rather than writing, the speed, no lost mail, and it’s free!) with the nice parts of a letter - the sense of sitting down to write, quietly, to one person in a meaningful way. Who would you write to? 8. How does Lettrs work according to the text? A. By providing real paper for letter writers. B. By making room for people to write letters. C. By supplying writing desks to letter writers. D. By combining letter writing with the Internet. 9. A Lettrs user can find a newly received letter in or on a “________”. A. desk drawer B. fridge C. kitchen counter D. shoebox 10. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? A. To advise readers to use Lettrs. B. To tell readers how to write letters. C. To persuade readers to write letters. D. To show the advantage of the Internet. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. An old art of letter writing. B. A new service of letter writing. C. The advantages of letter writing. D. The development of letter writing. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型写信方式Lettrs的优点、使用方法，并建议人们使用。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“This new service brings back the art of letter writing by marrying it to the Internet. (这项新服务将写信的艺术与互联网结合起来，使之重新焕发生机。)”可知，Lettrs是通过把写信和网络结合起来运作的。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“There’s also a “desk drawer” for letters you’ve already sent, a “fridge” to post letters publicly, a “kitchen counter” for letters you have just received, and “shoebox” to store your letters in. (还有一个“书桌抽屉”，用于存放你已经寄出的信件，一个“冰箱”，用于公开邮寄信件，“厨房柜台”，用于放置你刚刚收到的信件，以及“鞋盒”，用于储存你的信件。)”可知，Lettrs用户可以在“厨房柜台”找到新收到的信件。故选C项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Lettrs is such a great idea, because you get the best parts of communicating online (typing rather than writing, the speed, no lost mail, and it’s free!) with the nice parts of a letter - the sense of sitting down to write, quietly, to one person in a meaningful way. (Lettrs是一个很好的主意，因为你可以在网上进行最好的交流（打字而不是写作，速度快，不会丢失邮件，而且是免费的！）信中美好的部分——坐下来安静地，以一种有意义的方式给一个人写信的感觉。)”可知，作者在向读者介绍Lettrs的好处，并建议读者使用。故选A项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Miss sending letters? Try Lettrs!This new service brings back the art of letter writing by marrying it to the Internet. (想念寄信的感觉？试试Lettrs！这项新服务将写信的艺术与互联网结合起来，使之重新焕发生机。)”可知，本文主要介绍了一种新的写信服务。故选B项。 D The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day. People, including many experts, find it difficult to slow down the process. However, leaving coal and major fossil fuels in the ground could help to limit climate change in the future, according to a new study. That is to say, a third of oil reserves on the earth, half of gas reserves and over 80 percent of current coal reserves should not be used before the year 2050. If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking. However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes. “Policy makers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible (矛盾) with their hope to reach the 2-degree goal,” Dr. Christophe Mc Glade at University College London’s Energy Institute said in a statement. “If they go ahead with developing their own resources,” he added, “they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not to go beyond the limit.” It’s not surprising to see how developing these unused reserves would be attractive. Energy-related industry is a big business all over the world. There are many coal reserves in China, Russia and the United States, along with over 260 thousand million barrels of oil reserves in the Middle East. Not to mention that oil is currently being developed in the Arctic. Companies spent over $670 billion last year in the expansion of fossil fuels, but according to the new model used in this latest study, developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources so as to make some contributions to control the world temperature from rising high in the future. “We’ve now got practical figures of the quantities and locations of fossil fuels that should remain unused in trying to keep within the 2-degree temperature limit,” added Mc Glade. World leaders and policy makers should take the advice to heart, because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great actions are not taken soon, climate change will cause irreversible (不可逆转的) impacts on environments worldwide, leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in. 12. According to Paragraph 1, our goal is to ______. A. discover more fossil fuels for the future generation B. pay little attention to the climate change C. keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius D. refuse to use reserves on the earth 13. The underlined word “emissions” in Paragraph 1 refers to ______. A. things that are sent out into the air B. products that are made from fossil fuels C. factors that cause the climate change D. changes that happen after temperature rise 14. According to what Mc Glade said in Paragraph 2, all countries should ______. A. make full use of their fossil fuels B. work together towards the 2-degree goal C. find better ways to dig out the coal D. increase the global carbon budget 15. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of temperature control? A. Confident. B. Unclear. C. Satisfied. D. Negative. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了限制气温上升的措施与建议。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking. (如果我们要在不久的将来阻止全球气温上升超过2摄氏度，我们就应该采取一些措施，严格控制工厂、车辆甚至我们日常生活烹饪所产生的排放。)”可知，我们的目标是防止全球气温在不久的将来上升超过2摄氏度。故选C。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第一段中“If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking. (如果我们要在不久的将来阻止全球气温上升超过2摄氏度，我们就应该采取一些措施，严格控制工厂、车辆甚至我们日常生活烹饪所产生的emissions。)”可知，为阻止全球气温上升超过2摄氏度，应该采取一些措施来严格控制工厂、车辆甚至我们日常烹饪的排放物。可以推断出emissions指的是“排放物”，与things that are sent out into the air“被排放到空气中的物质”意思相符。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段中““Policy makers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible (矛盾的) with their hope to reach the 2-degree goal,” Dr. Christophe Mc Glade at University College London’s Energy Institute said in a statement. “If they go ahead with developing their own resources,” he added, “they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not to go beyond the limit.” (伦敦大学学院能源研究所的Christophe Mc Glade博士在一份声明中表示：“不同国家的政策制定者必须意识到，他们试图完全开发本国化石燃料的做法，与他们实现2摄氏度升温限制目标的愿望是完全矛盾的。”他补充道：“如果他们继续开发本国的资源，就必须被问及，为了使碳排放量不超出限制，其他地方的哪些储备应该不被开采。”)”可知，Mc Glade认为各国政策制定者必须意识到，他们试图完全利用本国化石燃料的做法与实现2度目标的希望是完全矛盾的，他们必须被问及哪些地方的储备应该保持不燃烧，以使碳预算不超过限制。由此可推断出，各国应该共同努力实现2度目标。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes. (然而，这似乎是一个在我们眼中不可能实现的目标。)”以及最后一段中“World leaders and policy makers should take the advice to heart, because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great actions are not taken soon, climate change will cause irreversible (不可逆转的) impacts on environments worldwide, leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in. (世界各国领导人和政策制定者应该认真考虑这一建议，因为IPCC最近的一份报告警告称，如果不尽快采取迅速而有力的行动，气候变化将对全球环境造成不可逆转的影响，使地球成为一个不适宜我们居住的不安全之地。)”可知，作者认为控制气温上升这个目标难以实现，并且如果不尽快行动后果严重，由此可推断出作者对未来温度控制的态度是消极的。故选D。 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Time management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities. The amount and quality of what you achieve are crucially dependent on how effectively you manage your time. Based on our experience as scientists and supervisors, here is some advice on how to manage your time more effectively as a scientist. Make a plan To succeed in a project, it is essential to create a list of all the tasks that are either necessary or important for achieving your goals. Then, prioritize these tasks. ____16____. This allows you to identify at a glance the tasks that you need to focus on. Beware of distractions Take a long, hard look at your relationship with e-mail and social media. ____17____. Consider shutting them off completely as you work on a task that requires your full attention. Learn to say “no” Many business leaders put a lot of their success down to simply saying “no”. That is, they prioritize their efforts in the few areas that really matter and have the courage to say no to everything else. Those asking for your involvement would be more disappointed if you unwisely agreed to do something, but then failed to deliver. ____18____. Give yourself a break ____19____. Don’t be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. This might seem counter-intuitive with all those tasks on your list, but solutions to apparently intractable problems can come from a refreshed brain—and a brain that can keep things in perspective. ____20____ Your plan and priority list will need to be regularly updated, particularly when things are not going well. Don’t panic if your experiments or initiatives fail, instead, redraft your plan and aim to offload all other distracting tasks as you devote more time to a resolution. A. Update your plan B. Explore alternative ideas C. Taking breaks is good for your brain D. Be realistic with yourself, and honest with others E. Highlight tasks on your list to indicate their urgency F. It’s important to be honest and to look after your health G. Although they are vital to everyday communication, they can claim much more attention 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. D 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了良好的时间管理能让你高效工作，帮你减压，最终走上人生巅峰，并介绍了科学家们常用的5种时间管理方式。 【16题详解】 这段内容强调要制定计划并列出所有任务，然后对任务进行优先级排序。E选项“Highlight tasks on your list to indicate their urgency. (把列表中的任务涂上高亮。)”突出任务的紧急程度，符合对任务进行进一步区分和强调的逻辑，使得一眼就能看出需要重点关注的任务，而下文的“This allows you to identify at a glance the tasks that you need to focus on.(这让你一眼就能确定你需要关注的任务。)”也对该选项进行了呼应，故选E。 【17题详解】 这段内容讨论的是要警惕分心的事物，特别是电子邮件和社交媒体。前文“Take a long, hard look at your relationship with e-mail and social media.(仔细审视一下你与电子邮件和社交媒体的关系)”提到要审视与电子邮件和社交媒体的关系，G 选项“Although they are vital to everyday communication, they can claim much more attention. (尽管它们对日常交流至关重要，但它们可能会吸引更多的注意力。)”解释了为什么要警惕这两者，即它们可能导致分心，且后文“Consider shutting them off completely as you work on a task that requires your full attention. (当你在做一项需要全神贯注的任务时，考虑把它们完全关掉。)”进一步说明了要避免它们的干扰，故选G。 【18题详解】 该部分提到许多商业领袖将他们的成功归功于简单地说“不”，即他们在真正重要的少数领域中优先努力, 并有勇气对其他一切说“不”。D 选项“Be realistic with yourself, and honest with others. (对自己要现实，对别人要诚实。)”中的“honest”与前文“Many business leaders put a lot of their success down to simply saying ‘no’ . (许多商业领袖把他们的成功归结为简单地说“不”。)”中说“不”的诚实态度相呼应，强调了在面对他人请求时要诚实和现实地做出选择，故选D。 【19题详解】 这段内容强调要给自己休息的时间。C选项“Taking breaks is good for your brain. (休息对你的大脑有好处。)”直接点明了休息的好处，与段落主题一致，且后文“Don’t be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. (不要对自己太苛刻：如果你休息一下，培养一下科学之外的生活，你会表现得更好。)”提到如果休息并培养科学之外的生活，实际上会表现得更好，C选项解释了为什么要给自己休息时间，符合段落逻辑，故选C。 【20题详解】 后文“Your plan and priority list will need to be regularly updated, particularly when things are not going well. Don’t panic if your experiments or initiatives fail, instead, redraft your plan and aim to offload all other distracting tasks as you devote more time to a resolution.(你的计划和优先事项清单需要定期更新，特别是当事情进展不顺利的时候。如果你的实验或计划失败了，不要惊慌，相反，重新起草你的计划，把所有其他分散注意力的任务都甩掉，把更多的时间花在解决问题上。)”围绕计划需要更新展开，A 选项“Update your plan. (更新你的计划。)”准确地概括了段落的主旨，统领了后文的内容，故选A。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 This year has been a busy year of travel for me, and the end of the year is no exception. I ___21___ an early morning flight that had me up at 4:30 am to get to the airport. The thought of such an early flight made me ___22___, but then I started to think about the chain of people who would make that early journey ___23___ for me; my Lift driver, check-in agent, security staff, gate agents, flight crew, etc. They all do their jobs at an early hour ___24___ I can get to my destination safely. When the trip came, I realized I had a(n) ___25___; I could be annoyed about having to take an early flight and hold this ___26___ with me. Or, I could choose to be grateful for this modern machine of safe air travel and the people who made it possible. Just thinking about the ___27___ choice got my mind working about ___28___ I could show my gratitude: what if I got a little gift for every worker I encountered on my journey? Then I started to think about what kind of gift would be ___29___. Because it was a trip, they had to be ____30____ enough to fit in my luggage. ____31____, I decided a Starbucks gift card would be portable and a universally appreciated item that would ____32____ them to get a coffee, tea or snack. For the first time in years I actually ____33____ getting up at 4:30 am! I ended up giving gift cards to my lift driver, airport security agent, two gate agents, and four flight attendants, ____34____ of whom said thank you and smiled while performing their duties. And, ____35____ arriving tired and upset, after only four hours of sleep and a long flight, I was energetic and happy to share my story. 21. A. missed B. caught C. booked D. boarded 22. A. upset B. excited C. delighted D. shocked 23. A. difficult B. possible C. comfortable D. impressive 24. A. while B. until C. unless D. so 25. A. mistake B. choice C. passport D. appointment 26. A. activity B. creativity C. negativity D. priority 27. A. either B. neither C. former D. latter 28. A. why B. how C. where D. when 29. A. expensive B. delicate C. fashionable D. appropriate 30. A. small B. heavy C. flexible D. cheap 31. A. Fortunately B. Obviously C. Gradually D. Eventually 32. A. remind B. enable C. force D. persuade 33. A. got used to B. got fired of C. looked forward to D. suffered from 34. A. one B. few C. all D. none 35 A. in spite of B. as a result of C. regardless of D. instead of 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了作者在凌晨4:30起床去机场赠送工作人员礼物的故事，并描写了作者情感变化的经过。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我订了一张早班航班，凌晨4:30就到机场了。A. missed错过；B. caught抓住，赶；C. booked预定；D. boarded登上。根据下文“an early morning flight that had me up at 4:30 am to get to the airport”可知，4点半就到机场，由此可知，作者订了一张早班航班。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么早的航班让我心烦意乱，但随后我开始想到那些能让我顺利踏上这趟早班旅程的人们：我的网约车司机、值机人员、安检人员、登机口工作人员、机组人员等等。A. upset心烦意乱的；B. excited激动的；C. delighted高兴的；D. shocked震惊的。根据下文“I could be annoyed about having to take an early flight”可知，作者不喜欢早班航班，所以是内心烦乱的。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这么早的航班让我心烦意乱，但随后我开始想到那些能让我顺利踏上这趟早班旅程的人们：我的网约车司机、值机人员、安检人员、登机口工作人员、机组人员等等。A. difficult困难的；B. possible可能的；C. comfortable舒服的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据下文“Or, I could choose to be grateful for this modern machine of safe air travel and the people who made it possible.”可知，使这些员工让作者的早间出发成为可能。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们都很早就开始工作，所以我可以安全到达目的地。A. while当……时；B. until直到；C. unless除非；D. so因此。根据上文“They all do their jobs at an early hour”及下文“I can get to my destination safely.”可知，员工们的早起工作让作者可以安全到达，前后为因果关系。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当旅行来临时，我意识到我有一个选择；我可能会因为不得不搭乘早班航班而烦恼，并把这种消极情绪带在心里。A. mistake错误；B. choice选择；C. passport护照；D. appointment预约。根据下文“I could be annoyed about having to take an early flight and hold this ___6___ with me. Or, I could choose to be grateful for this modern machine of safe air travel and the people who made it possible.”可知，作者有一种选择。故选B项。 26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当旅行来临时，我意识到我有一个选择；我可能会因为不得不搭乘早班航班而烦恼，并把这种消极情绪带在心里。A. activity活动；B. creativity创造力；C. negativity消极；D. priority优先事项。根据上文“I could be annoyed about”可知，作者对于早间出发有一种烦恼的心理，保持这种消极情绪是一种选择。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查限定词、形容词词义辨析。句意：一想到后一种选择，我就开始思考如何表达我的感激之情：如果我给旅途中遇到的每一位员工送一份小礼物会怎么样？A. either两者任何一个；B. neither两者都不；C. former之前的；D. latter后者的。根据下文“got my mind working about ___8___ I could show my gratitude”可知，作者想到了后一种选择。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：一想到后一种选择，我就开始思考如何表达我的感激之情：如果我给旅途中遇到的每一位员工送一份小礼物会怎么样？A. why为什么；B. how如何；C. where哪里；D. when什么时候。根据下文“what if I got a little gift for every worker I encountered on my journey?”可知，作者在思考如何表达自己的感激之情。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始考虑什么样的礼物是合适的。A. expensive昂贵的；B. delicate精致的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. appropriate合适的。根据下文“Because it was a trip, they had to be ___10___ enough to fit in my luggage.”可知，作者开始思考什么样的礼物是合适的。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为这是一次旅行，它们必须小到足以装进我的行李。A. small小的；B. heavy重的；C. flexible灵活的；D. cheap便宜的。根据下文“to fit in my luggage”可知，作者考虑到礼物应该是小的，方便放置的。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我确定星巴克的礼品卡应该是便携的，而且是一种大家都喜欢的东西，可以让他们买咖啡、茶或零食。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Gradually逐渐；D. Eventually最终。根据下文“I decided a Starbucks gift card would be portable”可知，作者最终决定了礼物的种类。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，我确定星巴克的礼品卡应该是便携的，而且是一种大家都喜欢的东西，可以让他们买咖啡、茶或零食。A. remind提醒；B. enable使能够；C. force强迫；D. persuade说服。根据上文“I decided a Starbucks gift card would be portable”及下文“them to get a coffee, tea or snack”可知，星巴克礼品卡可以让大家买咖啡、茶或零食。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这么多年来，我第一次真的期待在凌晨4:30起床！A. got used to习惯于；B. got tired of厌倦；C. looked forward to期待；D. suffered from遭受……。根据上文“For the first time in years”及上文作者打算送礼物给让他的出行成为可能的人员可知，这是第一次开始期待早晨飞行。故选C项。 【34题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：最后，我把礼品卡送给了电梯司机、机场安检人员、两名登机口工作人员和四名空乘人员，他们都在履行职责时微笑着说了声谢谢。A. one一个；B. few几乎没有；C. all（三个及以上）都；D. none（三个及以上）都不。根据上文“I ended up giving gift cards to my lift driver, airport security agent, two gate agents, and four flight attendants”及下文“said thank you and smiled while performing their duties.”可知，此处大家都接受了礼物并感激作者，此处用all代表前文指代的人。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：而且，在只睡了四个小时和长途飞行之后，我并没有劳累和沮丧，而是精力充沛，很高兴地分享了我的故事。A. in spite of尽管；B. as a result of由于；C. regardless of不管，不顾；D. instead of而不是，代替。根据上文“arriving fired and upset”及下文“I was energetic and happy to share my story.”可知，而不是劳累和沮丧，作者在飞行后精力充沛。故选D项。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university. I expected to feel ___36___ (instant) different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and ___37___ (step) into a whole new adult world. ___38___ it wasn’t like that. When I woke up the next day, there were still rules to obey and ___39___ (lesson) to attend. In fact, the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined. Instead of ___40___ (be) the selfish teenager I used to be, I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a ___41___ (strong) sense of social responsibility. To give an example, I ___42___ (sign) an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow. This was ___43___ big decision for me. Of course I asked my parents for their approval first. Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed ___44___ (I). I was really surprised when a bank contacted me _____45_____ a credit card offer. Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point, but I currently don’t have a steady income, so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have! 【答案】36. instantly 37. stepped 38. But 39. lessons 40. being 41. stronger 42. will be signing 43. a 44. me 45. with 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者18岁生日后的成长感悟。 36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我本以为自己会立刻感到不同，就好像我已经关上了童年的大门，踏进了一个全新的成人世界。本空修饰形容词different，应用副词instantly“立刻”，作状语。故填instantly。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：我本以为自己会立刻感到不同，就好像我已经关上了童年的大门，踏进了一个全新的成人世界。step into“走进”。根据上文had closed可知，从句时态应用过去完成时，本空用过去分词stepped，and后省略了had。故填stepped。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：但事实并非如此。前后文为转折关系，应用连词but，句首单词，首字母大写。故填But。 【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：当我第二天醒来时，仍然有规则要遵守，有课要上。lesson“课程”为可数名词，由rules和there were可知，应用复数形式，作主语。故填lessons。 【40题详解】 考查动名词。句意：我不再是以前那个自私的少年了。介词of后接动名词作宾语，故填being。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我开始更加关注其他人，并培养出更强烈的社会责任感。结合上文more aware of可知，本空应用strong的比较级stronger“更强烈的”，作定语，修饰名词sense。故填stronger。 【42题详解】 考查时态。句意：到明天这个时候，我就已经签署了器官捐赠协议。sign“签署”。根据this time tomorrow可知，本句描述将来正在进行的动作，时态应用将来进行时。故填will be signing。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这对我来说是一个重大的决定。此处表泛指“一个重大的决定”，应用不定冠词，且big为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查代词。句意：18岁也改变了社会对我的看法。此处作动词viewed的宾语，应用宾格me。故填me。 【45题详解】 考查介词。句意：当一家银行联系我提供信用卡时，我真的很惊讶。表示“就某事与某人联系”用contact sb. with sth.，本空用介词with，符合题意。故填with。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 红星中学将组织学生开展为期三天的研学活动，现有三个主题，分别为：“访问友校”“走进大学”“深入企业”。假如你是该校学生李华，请写一封申请信给负责人，报名参加其中一项活动，内容须包括： 1. 你选择的主题； 2. 你希望学到的内容； 3. 你想学这些内容的理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Hua, a student from Hongxing High School. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Hua, a student from Hongxing High School. I am writing to express my keen interest in participating in the research activity and apply for one of the themes. I choose the theme of “Walking into Universities”. I hope to learn about the diverse majors offered in universities, the campus culture, and the learning atmosphere. Additionally, I am eager to understand the admission requirements and career prospects of different majors. The reasons for my choice are as follows. Firstly, as a senior high school student, I am facing the important decision of choosing a university and major. Secondly, experiencing the campus culture and learning atmosphere will inspire me to work harder and pursue my academic goals. I believe this activity will be a valuable opportunity for my personal growth and future development. Looking forward to your approval. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于申请信，要求考生从三个主题“访问友校”“走进大学”“深入企业”的研学活动中选择一个，写一封申请信，报名参加该项活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 主题：theme→subject 提供：offer→provide 理解：understand→comprehend 重要的：important→vital/critical 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Additionally, I am eager to understand the admission requirements and career prospects of different majors. 拓展句：Additionally, I am eager to understand the admission requirements and career prospects of different majors, which is obviously helpful to my future career choice. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I hope to learn about the diverse majors offered in universities, the campus culture, and the learning atmosphere.（运用了不定式作宾语，过去分词作定语） 【高分句型2】I believe this activity will be a valuable opportunity for my personal growth and future development.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Going for a boat ride while our parents made dinner had seemed like a good idea. My cousin Jerel grew up on this lake. My brother Kaleb and I got to see him only on holidays. Jerel was 16, but it didn’t seem to bother him that I was 12 and Kaleb was 7. When we had set out, the sky was blue with soft white clouds. It was cold, but we had on lots of layers, and our life jackets made us even warmer. We had rowed toward the center of the lake and explored rocky islands barely bigger than the boat. We were having so much fun that we didn’t notice the clouds piling up until the sky got dark. When the wind picked up, the smooth water turned to up and down white-topped waves. Jerel said, “We should have time to get back before it starts raining.” Kaleb looked worried, but I laughed at him. Jerel knew what he was doing. The thunder rolled across the sky. “Look, Jayce!” Kaleb nudged me. “I just saw lightning.” Jerel frowned (皱眉). “The water is no place to be during a lightning storm. We need to go!” He turned the boat around. He was rowing really fast. A few fat drops of rain hit the boat. Then, suddenly, it seemed as if every cloud in the universe opened up. It reminded me of a movie I saw in science class about a dam bursting. CRASH! Jerel, Kaleb and I were thrown forward into the icy lake. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 The life jackets saved us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Thank goodness you’re all right!” Mom and Dad and Aunt Maureen cried. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The life jackets saved us. They kept our heads above the water until we felt the rocks beneath our feet — the same rocks our boat had hit on. We helped each other out of the water. We huddled together for what seemed like forever. Then we heard the sound of voices calling our names. We shouted as loud as we could and waved our arms. A boat approached and we were saved. “Thank goodness you’re all right!” Mom and Dad and Aunt Maureen cried. “I’m sorry we ruined our special dinner,” I said. Mom looked me in the eyes. “You didn’t ruin it. You’re all safe, and for that we are very thankful.” We were all warm and dry. As Kaleb recounted how scary our afternoon had been and how we’d worked together to get through it, I realized Mom was right. We had a lot to be thankful for. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。作者、弟弟卡莱布和表哥杰雷尔在父母做晚餐时去划船。出发时天气不错，他们玩得开心，没注意到天气变化。雷雨来临时杰雷尔决定返航，突遭大雨，随后他们连人带船坠入冰冷的湖中。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“救生衣救了我们。”可知，第一段可以描写三人获救过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“‘谢天谢地，你没事！’爸爸妈妈和莫琳阿姨哭着说。”可知，第二段可以描写获救后大家的交流和感受。 2.续写线索：救生衣——来船救人——平安无恙——道歉——感激 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①帮助：help/assist ②挤在一起：huddle/crowd ③呼喊：shout/call 情绪类 ①感激的：thankful/grateful ②吓人的：scary/fearful 【点睛】【高分句型1】We huddled together for what seemed like forever. (运用了what引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】As Kaleb recounted how scary our afternoon had been and how we’d worked together to get through it, I realized Mom was right. (运用了As引导的时间状语从句、how引导的宾语从句、省略引导词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024 ~ 2025学年度第一学期学科素养诊断试题 高二英语 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will Sam do tonight? A. Fly to Tokyo. B. Attend a party. C. Have a meeting. 2. What does the woman suggest doing first? A. Traveling to the town. B. Buying the medicine. C. Having breakfast. 3. Where is the man probably going now? A. His brother’s house. B. A gift shop. C. The Children’s Center. 4. How much is a concert ticket for a child? A. $8. B. $2. C. $4. 5. What does the man like about the movie? A. Its funny plot. B. Its actors. C. Its music. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What did the boy do first last night? A. He read textbooks. B. He listened to music. C. He watched TV. 7. What is Wimbledon about? A. Films. B. Tennis. C. Music. 听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。 8. What is the man’s cousin? A. A journalist. B. A teacher. C. A sailor. 9. How does the man like teaching? A. Boring. B. Exciting. C. Challenging. 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。 10. What is the room like? A. Big but old. B. Small but new. C. Big and new. 11. What will be arranged first? A. The bed. B. The chairs. C. The dressing table. 12. Where will the chairs be put? A. Behind the dressing table. B. In front of the fireplace. C. Close to the window. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。 13. Where will the speakers go first? A. A shop. B. A museum. C. A restaurant. 14. What does the woman have no interest in? A. Tasting Indian food. B. Taking a walk. C. Seeing unique animals. 15. Why won’t the speakers go shopping? A. They don’t have enough money. B. The shopping mall is a little far. C. It will take them too much time. 16. How will the speakers go to the seashore? A By subway. B. On foot. C. By car. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。 17. What can we learn about Mrs. Green? A. She always drives very fast. B. She only drives a day every week. C. She has an old and small car. 18. What’s the color of Mike s car? A. Black. B. Blue. C. White. 19. Who has a very old car? A. Mrs. Bates. B. Mike. C. Joe. 20. What is the relationship between Joe and the speaker? A. His cousin. B. His uncle. C. His friend. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A As kids grow up, there’s a good chance that - if you’re a parent - you have a surplus of toys in your home. There are plenty of children, however, who do not have their own toy collection. This is where you can make a difference by doing your part to support children in need. To make this easier, we’ve rounded up a list of organizations that are always on the lookout for toy donations (捐赠). Second Chance Toys Founded in 2006, Second Chance Toys recycles plastic toys and donates them to community organizations that service children in need. The organization partners with a number of drop-off locations across the U. S. You can find a location near you, register as a donor (捐赠人), sign up for a time to drop off your toys, and you’re good to go! The organization only accepts clean plastic toys with no small or missing parts. Ronald McDonald House The Ronald McDonald House houses thousands of children and families who experience severe medical care. The organization does not accept used toys, but if you have any new and unopened toys, you can donate them to one of hundreds of locations across the U. S. Stuffed Animals for Emergencies Stuffed Animals for Emergencies (SAFE)accepts stuffed animal donations and gives them to children in need who have faced difficult times. SAFE accepts new and used toys, no matter how old they are. The organization also accepts donations of old items like blankets, books and kids clothes. You can find a chapter in your area and sign up to host a stuffed animal drive. 1. How can people donate toys to Second Chance Toys? A By mailing toys directly to a location. B. By scheduling a drop-off time for toys. C. By donating toys at an organized event. D. By finding a partner at a nearby location. 2. Where can people donate used books according to this text? A. Second Chance Toys. B. Ronald McDonald House. C. Stuffed Animals for Emergencies. D. All locations across the U. S. 3. What do the three organizations have in common? A. They recycle toys from sellers. B. They have locations worldwide. C. They accept toys to help children. D. They are set up by local communities. B Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission and China’s first female spaceflight engineer, studied energy and power engineering at Southeast University before receiving a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and then continued to take part in a three-year postgraduate program in thermal engineering at the same school. Before her graduation, Wang submitted her resume to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute. At the institute, Wang was part of the research and development of new models of rocket engines, a new field that she had never been involved in. Faced with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an intriguing game to her. Hard work and perseverance always pay off. She gradually became the backbone of her team. Three years after working on rocket engines, she was told by human resources colleagues that the country would recruit the third generation of astronauts. Wang and 17 male candidates were selected and divided into three groups: seven spacecraft pilots, another seven spaceflight engineers and four mission payload specialists. At the Astronaut Center of China, Wang has faced grueling challenges. She has spent tough times with teammates in survival drills in deserts and at sea, and has endured a 72-hour sleepless test. Despite the difficulties, she said she has never considered quitting. Looking into her first orbital journey, the astronaut said: “I want to float inside Tiangong to experience the excitement of weightlessness. I also hope that I can complete each and every task successfully and make our ‘space home’ better. ” 4. What did Wang Haoze major in before 2012? A. Space engineering. B. Thermal engineering. C. Aerospace propulsion. D. Energy and power engineering. 5. What can be learned about Wang from paragraph 2? A. She did research into rocket engines before. B. She shrank from difficulties she encountered. C. She played a key role in her team at the institute. D. She saw an astronaut recruitment advertisement. 6. What can be used to describe Wang Haoze? A. Courageous and humble. B. Determined and generous. C. Perseverant and determined. D. Approachable and influential. 7. What can we infer about Wang? A. Wang handles the test easily. B. Wang desires for her space mission. C. Wang wants to abandon her training. D. Wang contributes a lot to space fields. C Miss sending letters? Try Lettrs! This new service brings back the art of letter writing by marrying it to the Internet. Lettrs, a new site, is attempting to bring back the old-fashioned idea of letter writing by providing a space that feels a little bit like a writing desk. Of course, there’ll be purists who say that to truly enjoy letter writing you must do it on fancy letter paper and envelope in the mail is part of the fun. And if you’re into that sort of thing, go for it. But I can’t be the only one who is now so much faster at typing that writing by hand is painfully slow. Nor can I be the only one who likes to write on a whim (一时兴起) when I’m going to be on a crowded train or airplane, both of which are situations where writing on the computer is far easier. The site tries, pretty seriously, to approximate (接近) what it’s like to have your very own writing desk and paper to choose from(which comes in various prints and colors) as well as corresponding (通信) types of prints and cursive writing (草写体) that come out on your screen as you write. There’s also a “desk drawer” for letters you’ve already sent, a “fridge” to post letters publicly, a “kitchen counter” for letters you have just received, and “shoebox” to store your letters in. And if you need inspiration there are even old-style letters that are great examples of the kind of correspondence people used to send. Lettrs is such a great idea, because you get the best parts of communicating online (typing rather than writing, the speed, no lost mail, and it’s free!) with the nice parts of a letter - the sense of sitting down to write, quietly, to one person in a meaningful way. Who would you write to? 8. How does Lettrs work according to the text? A. By providing real paper for letter writers. B. By making room for people to write letters. C. By supplying writing desks to letter writers. D. By combining letter writing with the Internet. 9. A Lettrs user can find a newly received letter in or on a “________”. A. desk drawer B. fridge C. kitchen counter D. shoebox 10. What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? A. To advise readers to use Lettrs. B. To tell readers how to write letters. C. To persuade readers to write letters. D. To show the advantage of the Internet. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. An old art of letter writing. B. A new service of letter writing. C. The advantages of letter writing. D. The development of letter writing. D The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day. People, including many experts, find it difficult to slow down the process. However, leaving coal and major fossil fuels in the ground could help to limit climate change in the future, according to a new study. That is to say, a third of oil reserves on the earth, half of gas reserves and over 80 percent of current coal reserves should not be used before the year 2050. If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking. However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes. “Policy makers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible (矛盾的) with their hope to reach the 2-degree goal,” Dr. Christophe Mc Glade at University College London’s Energy Institute said in a statement. “If they go ahead with developing their own resources,” he added, “they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not to go beyond the limit.” It’s not surprising to see how developing these unused reserves would be attractive. Energy-related industry is a big business all over the world. There are many coal reserves in China, Russia and the United States, along with over 260 thousand million barrels of oil reserves in the Middle East. Not to mention that oil is currently being developed in the Arctic. Companies spent over $670 billion last year in the expansion of fossil fuels, but according to the new model used in this latest study, developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources so as to make some contributions to control the world temperature from rising high in the future. “We’ve now got practical figures of the quantities and locations of fossil fuels that should remain unused in trying to keep within the 2-degree temperature limit,” added Mc Glade. World leaders and policy makers should take the advice to heart, because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great actions are not taken soon, climate change will cause irreversible (不可逆转的) impacts on environments worldwide, leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in. 12. According to Paragraph 1 our goal is to ______. A. discover more fossil fuels for the future generation B. pay little attention to the climate change C. keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius D. refuse to use reserves on the earth 13. The underlined word “emissions” in Paragraph 1 refers to ______. A. things that are sent out into the air B. products that are made from fossil fuels C factors that cause the climate change D. changes that happen after temperature rise 14. According to what Mc Glade said in Paragraph 2, all countries should ______. A. make full use of their fossil fuels B. work together towards the 2-degree goal C. find better ways to dig out the coal D. increase the global carbon budget 15. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of temperature control? A. Confident. B. Unclear. C. Satisfied. D. Negative. 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Time management is the process of planning and controlling how much time to spend on specific activities. The amount and quality of what you achieve are crucially dependent on how effectively you manage your time. Based on our experience as scientists and supervisors, here is some advice on how to manage your time more effectively as a scientist. Make a plan To succeed in a project, it is essential to create a list of all the tasks that are either necessary or important for achieving your goals. Then, prioritize these tasks. ____16____. This allows you to identify at a glance the tasks that you need to focus on. Beware of distractions Take a long, hard look at your relationship with e-mail and social media. ____17____. Consider shutting them off completely as you work on a task that requires your full attention. Learn to say “no” Many business leaders put a lot of their success down to simply saying “no”. That is, they prioritize their efforts in the few areas that really matter and have the courage to say no to everything else. Those asking for your involvement would be more disappointed if you unwisely agreed to do something, but then failed to deliver. ____18____. Give yourself a break ____19____. Don’t be hard on yourself: you will actually perform better if you take breaks and cultivate a life outside science. This might seem counter-intuitive with all those tasks on your list, but solutions to apparently intractable problems can come from a refreshed brain—and a brain that can keep things in perspective. ____20____ Your plan and priority list will need to be regularly updated, particularly when things are not going well. Don’t panic if your experiments or initiatives fail, instead, redraft your plan and aim to offload all other distracting tasks as you devote more time to a resolution. A. Update your plan B. Explore alternative ideas C. Taking breaks is good for your brain D. Be realistic with yourself, and honest with others E. Highlight tasks on your list to indicate their urgency F. It’s important to be honest and to look after your health G. Although they are vital to everyday communication, they can claim much more attention 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 This year has been a busy year of travel for me, and the end of the year is no exception. I ___21___ an early morning flight that had me up at 4:30 am to get to the airport. The thought of such an early flight made me ___22___, but then I started to think about the chain of people who would make that early journey ___23___ for me; my Lift driver, check-in agent, security staff, gate agents, flight crew, etc. They all do their jobs at an early hour ___24___ I can get to my destination safely. When the trip came, I realized I had a(n) ___25___; I could be annoyed about having to take an early flight and hold this ___26___ with me. Or, I could choose to be grateful for this modern machine of safe air travel and the people who made it possible. Just thinking about the ___27___ choice got my mind working about ___28___ I could show my gratitude: what if I got a little gift for every worker I encountered on my journey? Then I started to think about what kind of gift would be ___29___. Because it was a trip, they had to be ____30____ enough to fit in my luggage. ____31____, I decided a Starbucks gift card would be portable and a universally appreciated item that would ____32____ them to get a coffee, tea or snack. For the first time in years I actually ____33____ getting up at 4:30 am! I ended up giving gift cards to my lift driver, airport security agent, two gate agents, and four flight attendants, ____34____ of whom said thank you and smiled while performing their duties. And, ____35____ arriving tired and upset, after only four hours of sleep and a long flight, I was energetic and happy to share my story. 21. A. missed B. caught C. booked D. boarded 22. A. upset B. excited C. delighted D. shocked 23. A. difficult B. possible C. comfortable D. impressive 24. A. while B. until C. unless D. so 25. A. mistake B. choice C. passport D. appointment 26. A. activity B. creativity C. negativity D. priority 27. A. either B. neither C. former D. latter 28. A. why B. how C. where D. when 29. A. expensive B. delicate C. fashionable D. appropriate 30. A. small B. heavy C. flexible D. cheap 31. A. Fortunately B. Obviously C. Gradually D. Eventually 32. A. remind B. enable C. force D. persuade 33. A. got used to B. got fired of C. looked forward to D. suffered from 34. A. one B. few C. all D. none 35. A. in spite of B. as a result of C. regardless of D. instead of 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I celebrated my 18th birthday just before I went to university. I expected to feel ___36___ (instant) different, as if I had closed the door on my childhood and ___37___ (step) into a whole new adult world. ___38___ it wasn’t like that. When I woke up the next day, there were still rules to obey and ___39___ (lesson) to attend. In fact, the change has been more subtle and gradual than I imagined. Instead of ___40___ (be) the selfish teenager I used to be, I have begun to feel more aware of other people and to develop a ___41___ (strong) sense of social responsibility. To give an example, I ___42___ (sign) an organ donation agreement this time tomorrow. This was ___43___ big decision for me. Of course I asked my parents for their approval first. Turning 18 also changed the way that society viewed ___44___ (I). I was really surprised when a bank contacted me _____45_____ a credit card offer. Of course, I would like to have more freedom with money and no doubt I will be getting a credit card at some point, but I currently don’t have a steady income, so getting a credit card might tempt me to spend more money than I have! 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 红星中学将组织学生开展为期三天的研学活动，现有三个主题，分别为：“访问友校”“走进大学”“深入企业”。假如你是该校学生李华，请写一封申请信给负责人，报名参加其中一项活动，内容须包括： 1. 你选择的主题； 2. 你希望学到的内容； 3. 你想学这些内容的理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Hua, a student from Hongxing High School. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Going for a boat ride while our parents made dinner had seemed like a good idea. My cousin Jerel grew up on this lake. My brother Kaleb and I got to see him only on holidays. Jerel was 16, but it didn’t seem to bother him that I was 12 and Kaleb was 7. When we had set out, the sky was blue with soft white clouds. It was cold, but we had on lots of layers, and our life jackets made us even warmer. We had rowed toward the center of the lake and explored rocky islands barely bigger than the boat. We were having so much fun that we didn’t notice the clouds piling up until the sky got dark. When the wind picked up, the smooth water turned to up and down white-topped waves. Jerel said, “We should have time to get back before it starts raining.” Kaleb looked worried, but I laughed at him. Jerel knew what he was doing. The thunder rolled across the sky. “Look, Jayce!” Kaleb nudged me. “I just saw lightning.” Jerel frowned (皱眉). “The water is no place to be during a lightning storm. We need to go!” He turned the boat around. He was rowing really fast. A few fat drops of rain hit the boat. Then, suddenly, it seemed as if every cloud in the universe opened up. It reminded me of a movie I saw in science class about a dam bursting. CRASH! Jerel, Kaleb and I were thrown forward into the icy lake. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。 The life jackets saved us. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Thank goodness you’re all right!” Mom and Dad and Aunt Maureen cried. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$