易错点09 倒装、强调、省略与主谓一致(四大易错点+易错通关练)-备战2025年中考英语考试易错题(浙江专用)

易错点09 倒装、强调、省略与主谓一致 目录 Group 1 倒装句的基本结构与用法 Group 2 强调的基本形式与结构 Group 3 省略的条件及作用 Group 4 主谓一致的三个原则及用法 倒装句的基本结构与用法 结　构 含　义 举　例 So +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 表示与上文提到的肯定情况相同 —Jim likes sports. —So does his brother. Neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 表示与上文提到的否定情况相同 —Jane can’t swim. —Neither can I. “Only +副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首 表示强调,采用部分倒装 Only in this way can we achieve our dream. 【注意】 （1）“so+主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”结构,意为“……确实如此”。此结构是对前面提到的肯定事实予以确认,表示乙赞同甲的话。这种句型中,前后句主语相同。例如: —It may be in that pocket. 它可能在那个口袋里。 —Ah,so it is. 啊,真的。 (2)there be 句型的用法 考点 例句 there be 句型中be动词的单复数要根据就近原则确定 There is an apple and two cups on the table. there be...doing sth. There are some girls dancing in the park. there be 用于将来时: there will be.../there is going to be... There will be/is going to be a class meeting this afternoon. 1．________ the city ________ a western restaurant and some small cafes, with pretty flowers inside. A．To the north of; is B．In the south of; lies C．In the north of; are D．To the south of; have 2．A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________. A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit 3．Look! Between the two trees ________ a boy with an English book in his hand. A．lie B．are lying C．is D．are 4．Look at the photo of Frank’s bedroom. Here ________ a bookcase and a desk, and in the bookcase ________ an alarm clock and some books. A．is, is B．are, are C．is, are D．are, is 5．In our hometown, about 1,500 meters east of my house, ________ an old temple ________ back to the 17th century. A．stands; dating B．is standing; dated C．standing; dated D．stand; dating 6．—I will have a meeting in Beijing next week. I’m going there by train —________. A．So does I B．So will I C．So did I D．So have I 7．—I hear that Huang Gang made an English speech contest last week. ---____________and ___________. A．So did he,so did you. B．So he did, so you did. C．So did he,so you did. D．So he did ,so did you. 8．一It's very cold in Shenyang in winter. 一 here. A．So is Tianshui B．So Tianshui is C．So Tiarishui does D．So does Tianshui 9．He won’t go to the cinema this evening, neither I. A．do B．want C．am D．will 10．He likes to go swimming in winter. . A．So do I B．So am I C．So did I D．I do so 11． There seems_______ a lot of money in his pocket. A．to have B．having C．to be D．being 12．—Kate has gone to the UK for further study. I haven’t seen her for a long time! —________. I miss her so much! A．Neither I do B．Me neither C．So do I D．So I have 13．—I have never been to Disneyland, Judy. —__________. A．Neither have I B．So have I C．Neither am I D．So am I 14．— Charlie, I have never been to Harbin Ice and Snow World. — ________, but I plan to go there this winter vacation. A．So have I B．Neither have I C．Nor do I D．Neither I have 15．Gina and I are good friends. If she doesn’t agree on the plan, ________. A．so do I B．neither do I C．so will I D．neither will I 强调的基本形式与结构 1.强调句型 (1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用who。 But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。 【注意】强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。 It is our teacher that/who helps us make great progress. (2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分? Was it during the Second World War that he died?他是在第二次世界大战中死的吗? (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构: 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分? Where was it that you found your lost pen? 你在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的? 【注意】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。 The question that puzzled them is how it is that they can get rid of the air pollution in the area. (4)not...until...句型的强调结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分. —How long is it since you picked up your badminton training? —It was not until my finance became better in last December that I started the training. ——自从你重新练习羽毛球有多久了? ——直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。 2.强调谓语动词 用助动词do、 does或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中, do还可以用于祈使句。 Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace. 有些人确实认为核能对世界和平构成了威胁。 16．—You mean you went to Jack’s party yesterday evening? —Yeah. I ________ go there. And I sang a song at the party with Anna. A．do B．will C．did D．would 17．She ______have a few good friends. A．do B．doing C．does D．will do 18．I_____you can finish the exam in two hours. A．does believe B．do believe C．did believed D．do believed 19．It was not until 12 o’clock last night ________ my father came home. A．which B．when C．what D．that 20．Was _________ that I saw last night at the concert? A．it you B．not you C．you D．that yourself 21．It was in the Lake District _______ the poet William Wordsworth spent much of his lifetime. A．how B．that C．which D．where 22．It is he ________ up with new plans, so we all think he is creative. A．who come B．who comes C．whom comes D．that come 23．It is you ________ against the plan, because it sounds impossible to carry out. A．that is B．who am C．who are D．that was 24．It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. A．which B．it C．that D．this 25．________ was ________ who I met in the museum this morning. A．It；him B．It；he C．That；he D．That；him 26．—I hear that Lily won the first prize in the singing competition. —________. A．So did she. B．So was she. C．So she did. D．So she was. 27．―What a heavy snow! ―________ Cool! Let’s make a snowman. A．So it is. B．So is it. C．So does it. D．So it does. 28．— My younger brother Frank prefers to be clean and tidy. —________ and ________. A．So he does; so do I B．So does he; so do I C．So he does; so I do D．So does he; so I do 29．—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. — Let me have a try. So ________. A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it 30．________come to my birthday party. A．Be B．Have C．Do D．Can 省略的条件及作用 1．简单句中的省略 (1)祈使句可省去主语 Hand me the hammer，will you? 把锤子递给我好吗？ (2)谓语或谓语的一部分的省略。 ④Anything you want to tell me? 有什么事要告诉我吗？（省略Is there） (3)主语和谓语，或主语和谓语的一部分的省略。 —The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go. —Sounds great.See you at 8：10.（省略了It） (4)宾语的省略 —Where should we go？——我们去哪里？ —I don't care.Anywhere you want. ——我无所谓，你想去哪儿就去哪儿。（省略了where we go） (5)表语的省略 —Are these your friends？——这些人是你的朋友吗？ —Yes，they are.——是的，他们是我的朋友。（省略了my friends） (6)系动词的省略 Everything in good condition.一切都完好无损。（省略了is） (7)不定式的省略 A．答语中的有些动词后跟不定式做宾语时，可将其动词省略，而保留to，这样的动词或短语常见的有want，wish，expect，hope，like，love，try，forget，prefer，mean，be going to，be about to，be supposed to等。 —Will you go with me？——你要和我一起去吗？ —Yes，I'd like to(go with you)．——是的，非常乐意。 B．如果做宾语的不定式是be动词或完成时态，则需在to之后加上be或have。 —Are you a doctor？——你是医生吗？ —No，but I want to be.——不，但我希望是。 C．两个或两个以上的不定式并列，第一个带to，后面的常可省略to。 My job is to look after the children and teach them English.我的任务是照顾孩子并教他们英语。 但如果两个不定式表示对比关系时，则to都不能省略。 To be for the plan or to be against it doesn't matter.赞成或反对这项计划都不要紧。 D．当不定式做表语时，如果前面主语中出现实义动词do及其各种形式，则不定式中的to常可省略。 What he wants to do is go home.他想做的就是回家。 E．感官动词和使役动词后面做宾语补足语的不定式要省略to(help后的to可带可不带)。 I saw a boy fall down from the tree.我看见一个男孩从树上掉下来了。 F．介词but前面有动词do，后面的不定式可省略to。 He can do nothing but lie down and sleep.他无事可做只好躺下睡觉。 2．并列句中的省略 并列句中后面分句与前面分句的相同部分常可省略。 They don't agree with you and neither do I.他们不同意你的意见，我也不同意。（省略了agree with you）3．复合句中的省略 (1)宾语从句中的省略 A．以特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，若有与前面主句重复的内容，则可将重复内容省略，只保留特殊疑问词。 You are unhappy.Can you tell me why?你不高兴。能告诉我为什么吗？（省略了you are unhappy） B．当用I'm afraid，I think，I believe，I hope，I guess等做答句时，后面常用省略形式。 —Do you think it will rain？——你认为会下雨吗？ —I guess so.——我猜会。 C．在宾语从句中常省略连词，但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可省略。 He told me(that)she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever.他告诉我她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且很聪明。 (2)定语从句中的省略 A．在限制性定语从句中做宾语的关系代词that，which，whom可省略。 He is one of the men(whom) I can trust.他是我信任的人之一。 B．修饰way的关系副词that(＝in which)可以省略。 This is the way(that/in which)he studies.这就是他的学习方法。 C．在非正式用语中，关系代词as后面的主谓结构可省略。 He gave the same answer as(he had given) before.他给出的答案和以前(他给的)一样。 (3)状语从句中的省略 A．在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果其主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it且从句中谓语动词包含be，常把从句的主语和be省略。 Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。（省略了you are） B．在比较状语从句中，than或as后面的部分可省略。 I'm taller than she.我比她高。（省略了is ） 31．—You should be careful when ________. —Yes, I will. I’d like to know when ________ to have a rest. A． driving; stopping B．driving; to stop C．to drive; stopping D．to drive; to stop 32．When ____________ to school, I saw a traffic accident. A．walk B．walks C．walking D．to walk 33．—What’s your plan for the three-day holiday? —I’m not sure, but ____________, I plan to visit the Bird’s Nest. A．if any B．if ever C．if so D．if possible 34．You should be careful while ________ football. A．to play B．play C．plays D．playing 35．To avoid ________ the NCP, we should wear a mask when ________ out. A．catching; going B．to catch; went C．catch; goes D．catching; go 36．Bob likes eating sweet snacks while ________ TV. I think he’d better________ the habit. A．to watch; give up B．watching; give up C．watching; to give up D．to watch; to give up 37．You aren’t supposed to eat or drink while ________ down the street. A．to walk B．walking C．walks D．walked 38．It’s impolite to make noise while ________ noodles in some country. A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 39．—Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day. —________? That’s his third one in just one month. A．Had he B．Did he C．Does he D．Has he 40．—Do you think it's going to rain?   —I _____ not! A．wish B．thinks C．hope D．hope it 41．---I have stopped driving cars. ---_________. I’m starting to take the bus to work. A．I’d love to B．Me, too C．I don’t agree D．Me neither 42．Why not ________to Beijing for vacation? A．consider going B．considering going C．consider to do D．to consider go 43．The problem was much more difficult than ________. A．expecting B．to expect C．to be expected D．expected 44．―I can’t wait for the concert. ________ will it begin? ―________ next Saturday. A．When; Until B．How long; Not until C．When; Not until D．How long; Until 45．Do come and have a drink when______. A．pass down B．pass on C．passing by D．passed away 主谓一致的三个原则及用法 原则 特　征 举　例 语法 一致 主语为单数形式,谓语用单数形式 He does his homework every evening. 主语为复数形式,谓语也用复数形式 You and I are good students. 意义 一致 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语用复数 The people are busy with their work. 集体名词(family、class、team 等)作主语,若表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数;若表示集体中的成员,谓语动词用复数 My family is big. My family are watching TV now. 就近 原则 谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语 Neither you nor he likes pop music. Either he or I am an English teacher. 【注意】 1. 表示度量、时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词往往用单数。 Seventy miles is a long distance. 七十英里是一段很长的距离。 2. 主语后面跟由with、together with、except、like、but等引导的短语时,谓语动词的单复数与前面的主语的数一致。 Tom with his parents has gone to Beijing. 汤姆和他父母已经去北京了。 3. “a number of + 名词复数”作主语时,谓语用复数;“the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语用单数。 A number of students want to plant trees tomorrow. 明天很多学生想去植树。 The number of city dwellers is growing. 城市居民的数量日渐增长。 4. or、either. . . or. . . 、neither. . . nor. . . 、not only. . . but also. . . 等连接并列主语时或在there be 句型中,通常使用就近原则。 Either he or I am right. 或者他对,或者我对。 46．________green or________in a light green room________good for us. A．Wear, sleep, is B．Wearing, sleeping, are C．Wear, sleep, are D．Wearing, sleeping, is 47．You can travel or read to make sure _______ your body _______ spirit is on the way. A．neither; nor B．both; and C．either; or D．not only; but also 48．—Why don’t you get used to the life in Beijing? —________ the crowded traffic ________ the high living cost makes me uncomfortable. The only reason is the badly polluted air. A．Either; or B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Both; and 49．________ Sandy ________ Andrew likes sports and they are in the same sports club. A．Not only; but also B．Neither; nor C．Either; or D．Both; and 50．There used to ________ clean water in the river. A．be B．is C．are D．were 51．In the movie The Captain (中国机长), the pilot along with all the passengers ________ lucky to survive the air crash due to his extraordinary skills. A．was B．were C．to be D．being 52．Peter ______ his friends ______ good at playing the guitar. A．as well as; is B．as well; is C．as well as; are D．as well; are 53．Everyone except Tom and John__________ there when the meeting began. A．is B．was C．are D．were 54．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 55．I, rather than you, ________ responsible to prevent such things from ________ again. A．am; happen B．are; being happened C．are; happened D．am; happening 56．—________ money should I pay (支付) you for the CD?     —$12________ enough (足够). A．How much; are B．How much; is C．How many; is D．How many; are 57．No news ________ good news. A．am B．are C．is D．be 58．I think the cattle here ________ to Tom. Here is a photo of ________. Walk along this road and you will surely recognize him. A．belong; his B．belong; him C．belongs; him D．belongs; his 59．________ students like playing basketball in our school, and about ________ of them are boys. A．The number of; four fifths B．A number of; four fifth C．A number of; four fifths D．The number of; four five 60．The pair of gloves over there __________ cool. Bring __________ to me. A．seems; them B．seems; it C．seem; it D．seem; them 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 易错点09 倒装、强调、省略与主谓一致 目录 Group 1 倒装句的基本结构与用法 Group 2 强调的基本形式与结构 Group 3 省略的条件及作用 Group 4 主谓一致的三个原则及用法 倒装句的基本结构与用法 结　构 含　义 举　例 So +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 表示与上文提到的肯定情况相同 —Jim likes sports. —So does his brother. Neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语 表示与上文提到的否定情况相同 —Jane can’t swim. —Neither can I. “Only +副词/介词短语/状语从句”置于句首 表示强调,采用部分倒装 Only in this way can we achieve our dream. 【注意】 （1）“so+主语+系动词/助动词/情态动词”结构,意为“……确实如此”。此结构是对前面提到的肯定事实予以确认,表示乙赞同甲的话。这种句型中,前后句主语相同。例如: —It may be in that pocket. 它可能在那个口袋里。 —Ah,so it is. 啊,真的。 (2)there be 句型的用法 考点 例句 there be 句型中be动词的单复数要根据就近原则确定 There is an apple and two cups on the table. there be...doing sth. There are some girls dancing in the park. there be 用于将来时: there will be.../there is going to be... There will be/is going to be a class meeting this afternoon. 1．________ the city ________ a western restaurant and some small cafes, with pretty flowers inside. A．To the north of; is B．In the south of; lies C．In the north of; are D．To the south of; have 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在城市的北部有一家西餐厅和一些小咖啡馆，里面有漂亮的花。 考查主谓一致。To the north of在……的北部：指在某地区之外；In the south of在……的南部：指在某地区之内；In the north of在……的北部：指在某地区之内；To the south of在……的南部：指在某地区之外。分析本句可知，该句是倒装句，是“表语+系动词+主语”的结构，主语是 a western restaurant and some small cafes，表复数，所以谓语动词用原形，排除A、B，系动词用are，故选C。 2．A lot of policemen are standing around the meeting hall, because inside its walls ________. A．where sit the leaders B．the leaders there sit C．sit the leaders D．that the leaders sit 【答案】C 【解析】句意：许多警察站在会议厅周围，因为会议厅里坐着领导人。 考查倒装句。此处是because引导的原因状语从句，此处需要一个谓语动词即可，AD选项有连接词，不符合此处的语法结构，排除。inside构成的介词短语位于句首，构成完全倒装，需把谓语动词放在主语前，故选C。 3．Look! Between the two trees ________ a boy with an English book in his hand. A．lie B．are lying C．is D．are 【答案】C 【解析】句意：看啊！两棵树之间躺着一个男孩，手里拿着一本英语书。 考查主谓一致。句子为倒装句，a boy为主语，谓语应用单数形式，C符合。故选C。 4．Look at the photo of Frank’s bedroom. Here ________ a bookcase and a desk, and in the bookcase ________ an alarm clock and some books. A．is, is B．are, are C．is, are D．are, is 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：看这张弗兰克卧室的照片。这是一个书架和一个桌子，在书架上有一个闹钟和一些书。 考查主谓一致。第一空是here be句型，遵循就近原则，空后就近主语为单数，所以用is；第二空是完全倒装句型，主语为“an alarm clock and some books”，是复数，所以用are，故选C。 5．In our hometown, about 1,500 meters east of my house, ________ an old temple ________ back to the 17th century. A．stands; dating B．is standing; dated C．standing; dated D．stand; dating 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在我们的家乡，在我家东边1500米处，有一座17世纪的古庙。 考查倒装句。本句陈述客观事实，时态是一般现在时，地点状语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装，主语“an old temple”是第三人称单数，用stands。第二空是date back to作定语修饰an old temple，因为date back to不能用被动，所以是现在分词作定语。故选A。 6．—I will have a meeting in Beijing next week. I’m going there by train —________. A．So does I B．So will I C．So did I D．So have I 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我下周要去北京开会。我要坐火车去。——我也是。 考查倒装句。根据语境及备选项可知，这里考查“so+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”。这一倒装结构表示前面所陈述的情况也适用于另外一人，意为“……也一样”。be going to与will均可用于一般将来时，表示将要做某事。综上所述，B项正确。故选B。 7．—I hear that Huang Gang made an English speech contest last week. ---____________and ___________. A．So did he,so did you. B．So he did, so you did. C．So did he,so you did. D．So he did ,so did you. 【答案】D 【解析】so引导的倒装句，其结构有两种：一是so+主语{与上文是同一个人}+助动词或情态动词或be动词，表示上文的那个人的确是这样的，或so+助动词或情态动词或be动词+主语{与上文不是同一人}表示另一个人也是这样。根据句子意思和语境，故选D 8．一It's very cold in Shenyang in winter. 一 here. A．So is Tianshui B．So Tianshui is C．So Tiarishui does D．So does Tianshui 【答案】A 【解析】句意：-沈阳的冬天很冷。-天水市也是如此。“So+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语”句型为倒装结构，意思为“…也是如此”，系动词、情态动词或助动词必须与上句中的谓语动词保持时态的一致。跟这个句型非常相近的还有一个用法：“So+主语+情态动词/助动词/be动词”，它是对上文所说的情况加以肯定。So is Tianshui here.则是“so+情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语”句型，表示前面的情况也适用于后者Tianshui。故选A。 9．He won’t go to the cinema this evening, neither I. A．do B．want C．am D．will 【答案】D 【解析】句意：他今晚不去看电影，我也不去。因为主句为将来时，因此在倒装句中，时态也用将来时。故选D。 10．He likes to go swimming in winter. . A．So do I B．So am I C．So did I D．I do so 【答案】A 【解析】试题分析：句意：他喜欢在冬天去游泳。我也喜欢。本题考查倒装句，在肯定句中，表示前面的情况也适用于后面的人或物，用so+系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语。根据前面的句子，本题用助动词do。故选A。 11． There seems_______ a lot of money in his pocket. A．to have B．having C．to be D．being 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：这是There be句型，某地有....和seem to do sth似乎做某事的合成。There seems to be某地似乎有....,其中be是一定的，不管在何种情况下都用be。句意：他的口袋里似乎有很多的钱。 12．—Kate has gone to the UK for further study. I haven’t seen her for a long time! —________. I miss her so much! A．Neither I do B．Me neither C．So do I D．So I have 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——凯特去英国深造了，我好久没见到她了！——我也好久没见到她了。我非常想念她！ 考查部分倒装。So+助动词+主语，表示“……也……”，上句应是肯定句，故排除C项；So+主语+谓语，表示强调，意为“的确如此”，不符合语境，故排除D项；题干上句“I haven’t seen her for a long time.”是现在完成时的否定句，下句表达“我也好久没见到她了。”应用“neither(也不)”开头的倒装句，时态同为现在完成时，即：Neither have I./Me neither.，排除A项。故选B。 13．—I have never been to Disneyland, Judy. —__________. A．Neither have I B．So have I C．Neither am I D．So am I 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我从没去过迪斯尼乐园，朱蒂。——我也是。 考查倒装句。根据“I’ve never been to Disneyland”可知，这是一个现在完成时表示否定意义的句子，当表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事时，可用neither或nor进行简略回答，其结构为：Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语，这里的“助动词/情态动词/be动词”与第一个句子的谓语动词一致，因为第一个句子是现在完成时，所以这里用助动词have搭配主语I，故选A。 14．— Charlie, I have never been to Harbin Ice and Snow World. — ________, but I plan to go there this winter vacation. A．So have I B．Neither have I C．Nor do I D．Neither I have 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——查理，我从来没去过哈尔滨冰雪大世界。——我也没有，但是我打算这个寒假去那里。 考查倒装句。根据“Charlie, I have never been to Harbin Ice and Snow World.”可知，句中含有否定副词never，表示上文否定情况同样适用于下文的人或物，用neither/nor+助动词+主语，再根据上文“have never been”及主语I可知，此处助动词用have。故选B。 15．Gina and I are good friends. If she doesn’t agree on the plan, ________. A．so do I B．neither do I C．so will I D．neither will I 【答案】D 【解析】句意：吉娜和我是好朋友。如果她不同意这个计划，我也不会同意。 考查倒装句以及时态。so do I我也同意；neither do I我也不同意；so will I我也将同意；neither will I我也将不同意。句子是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，根据“she doesn’t agree…”可知，从句为一般现在时，则主句应用一般将来时，排除A和B；根据“If she doesn’t agree on the plan”可知，此处是指她不同意这个计划，我也不同意，用结构neither will I。故选D。 强调的基本形式与结构 1.强调句型 (1)强调句型的基本结构: It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分.。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人, 且作主语时, 引导词也可用who。 But it was the effects deep within the fat cells that may have been the most significant, the researchers found.但研究人员发现,最重要的可能是脂肪细胞内部的影响。 【注意】强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。 It is our teacher that/who helps us make great progress. (2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构: Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分? Was it during the Second World War that he died?他是在第二次世界大战中死的吗? (3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构: 特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分? Where was it that you found your lost pen? 你在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的? 【注意】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。 The question that puzzled them is how it is that they can get rid of the air pollution in the area. (4)not...until...句型的强调结构:It is/was not until...+that+句子其他部分. —How long is it since you picked up your badminton training? —It was not until my finance became better in last December that I started the training. ——自从你重新练习羽毛球有多久了? ——直到去年十二月,我的资金状况好转了,我才开始训练的。 2.强调谓语动词 用助动词do、 does或did来强调谓语动词, 用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中, do还可以用于祈使句。 Some people do believe that nuclear power poses a threat to the world peace. 有些人确实认为核能对世界和平构成了威胁。 16．—You mean you went to Jack’s party yesterday evening? —Yeah. I ________ go there. And I sang a song at the party with Anna. A．do B．will C．did D．would 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你是说你昨天晚上去了杰克的聚会？——是的。我确实去那里了。我和安娜在聚会上唱了一首歌。 考查强调句和动词时态。根据“And I sang a song at the party with Anna.”可知，“我”确实去了杰克的聚会；再根据空后的动词原形“go”可知，此处应是“do+动词原形”表示强调，又因为谈论的是昨天晚上的事情，所以应用一般过去时，助动词用do的过去式did。故选C。 17．She ______have a few good friends. A．do B．doing C．does D．will do 【答案】C 【解析】句意：她确实有很多好朋友。助动词do或does用在实义动词前表强调。主语是she，故选C。 18．I_____you can finish the exam in two hours. A．does believe B．do believe C．did believed D．do believed 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我确实相信两个小时内能完成考试。 这里用来强调，在谓语动词前加助动词do表示强调。句子的主语是第一人称，所以谓语动词不能用单数，故排除A；did后用动词原形；do后用动词原形，故选B。 19．It was not until 12 o’clock last night ________ my father came home. A．which B．when C．what D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：直到昨晚12点，我父亲才回家。 考查强调句型。强调句型的结构是：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他部分。这里强调的是时间“12 o’clock last night”，所以用that引导。故选D。 20．Was _________ that I saw last night at the concert? A．it you B．not you C．you D．that yourself 【答案】A 【解析】句意：昨晚我在音乐会上见到的是你吗？ 考查固定句型。根据“Was...that I saw last night at the concert?”可知，此句是强调句句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that从句”。故选A。 21．It was in the Lake District _______ the poet William Wordsworth spent much of his lifetime. A．how B．that C．which D．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：诗人威廉·华兹华斯就是在湖区度过了他一生的大部分时光。 考查强调句。根据句子结构可知，把it和that去掉后，剩下的the poet William Wordsworth spent much of his lifetime in the Lake District是一个完整的句子，所以原句是强调句，结构是It+强调的部分+that+其余部分，故选B。 22．It is he ________ up with new plans, so we all think he is creative. A．who come B．who comes C．whom comes D．that come 【答案】B 【解析】句意：就是他想出了新计划，所以我们都认为他是有创造力的。 考查强调句。强调句的常用结构为“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其余部分”，本题句子中强调部分“he”为主语，为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用动词第三人称单数形式，故选B。 23．It is you ________ against the plan, because it sounds impossible to carry out. A．that is B．who am C．who are D．that was 【答案】C 【解析】句意：正是你反对这个计划，因为它听起来不可能实施。 考查强调句。强调句句型为： It is +被强调内容+that/who+句子其他成分。将 It is…that/who去掉后不改变原来的句子成分，即 You are against the plan. 故选C。 24．It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. A．which B．it C．that D．this 【答案】C 【解析】句意：重要的不是谁对，而是什么对。 考查强调句。该题是对what is right进行强调，在这种强调句式中，一般用that 引出句子的其他部分；It be...that...是常见的强调句句型。故选C。 25．________ was ________ who I met in the museum this morning. A．It；him B．It；he C．That；he D．That；him 【答案】A 【解析】句意：今天早上我在博物馆遇到的是他。 考查固定句型。强调句句型为“It + is/was +被强调部分+ that/who从句”，故C、D选项可排除。因为被强调部分在从句中作宾语，故应用人称代词的宾格形式。故选A。 26．—I hear that Lily won the first prize in the singing competition. —________. A．So did she. B．So was she. C．So she did. D．So she was. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我听说莉莉在歌唱比赛中得了第一名。——的确如此。 考查So+主谓结构。So did she.她也是；So was she.她也是；So she did. 的确如此；So she was.的确如此。So+倒装结构，表示前面所说的情况同样也适合后者，前后的主语不一致；So+主谓结构，表示对前面所说情况的一种肯定，意思是“的确如此”，主语是同一个人。根据“Lily won the first prize in the singing competition.”可知，是对这一事实加以肯定，也就是使用“So+主谓结构”，排除AD；前后的主语是同一个人，Lily用代词she替代，前句动词是won，实义动词，故用助动词代替。故答案为C。 27．―What a heavy snow! ―________ Cool! Let’s make a snowman. A．So it is. B．So is it. C．So does it. D．So it does. 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——好大的雪！——确实是。太酷了！让我们堆雪人吧。 考查强调句。so+主语+be动词/助动词，表示“的确如此”；so+be动词/助动词+主语，表示同样的情况也适用于后者。根据“What a heavy snow”可知，此处表示的确是很大的雪，it作主语，is是系动词，故此处应填So it is，故选A。 28．— My younger brother Frank prefers to be clean and tidy. —________ and ________. A．So he does; so do I B．So does he; so do I C．So he does; so I do D．So does he; so I do 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——我弟弟弗兰克喜欢干净整洁。——他确实如此，我也一样。 考查倒装句和强调句。so+主语+助动词“……确实如此”，表示赞同前者的话；so+助动词+主语表示“……也一样”，表示前面所说的内容也同样适用于后者。“My younger brother Frank prefers to be clean and tidy.”说明了弗兰克喜欢干净整洁，所以第一个空应是赞同对方说的话，表示他确实如此，故排除B和D；而第二个空表示“我”和他的情况一样，故排除C。故选A。 29．—The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. — Let me have a try. So ________. A．it is B．does it C．it does D．is it 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——这支笔虽然不贵，但很好写。——让我试试。的确如此。 考查“So+主语+助动词”句型。So+主语+助动词，表示“的确，确实”；so+助动词+主语，表示“也”。根据“Let me have a try.”可知我尝试过后，认为对方说的对，故表示“的确是”；上句的谓语writes，故此处代指这个动词用do的各种形式，主语it是第三人称单数，用助动词does，故为So it does。故选C。 30．________come to my birthday party. A．Be B．Have C．Do D．Can 【答案】C 【解析】句意：一定要来参加我的生日聚会。 考查助动词。A. Be系动词原形；B. Have完成时的助动词；C. Do一般现在时态，实意动词或助动词，表示强调时，意思是“的确，一定”；D. Can能，会。这里是祈使句，在这里强调，用do+动词原形。do come to my birthday party一定要来参加我的生日聚会。故选C。 省略的条件及作用 1．简单句中的省略 (1)祈使句可省去主语 Hand me the hammer，will you? 把锤子递给我好吗？ (2)谓语或谓语的一部分的省略。 ④Anything you want to tell me? 有什么事要告诉我吗？（省略Is there） (3)主语和谓语，或主语和谓语的一部分的省略。 —The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go. —Sounds great.See you at 8：10.（省略了It） (4)宾语的省略 —Where should we go？——我们去哪里？ —I don't care.Anywhere you want. ——我无所谓，你想去哪儿就去哪儿。（省略了where we go） (5)表语的省略 —Are these your friends？——这些人是你的朋友吗？ —Yes，they are.——是的，他们是我的朋友。（省略了my friends） (6)系动词的省略 Everything in good condition.一切都完好无损。（省略了is） (7)不定式的省略 A．答语中的有些动词后跟不定式做宾语时，可将其动词省略，而保留to，这样的动词或短语常见的有want，wish，expect，hope，like，love，try，forget，prefer，mean，be going to，be about to，be supposed to等。 —Will you go with me？——你要和我一起去吗？ —Yes，I'd like to(go with you)．——是的，非常乐意。 B．如果做宾语的不定式是be动词或完成时态，则需在to之后加上be或have。 —Are you a doctor？——你是医生吗？ —No，but I want to be.——不，但我希望是。 C．两个或两个以上的不定式并列，第一个带to，后面的常可省略to。 My job is to look after the children and teach them English.我的任务是照顾孩子并教他们英语。 但如果两个不定式表示对比关系时，则to都不能省略。 To be for the plan or to be against it doesn't matter.赞成或反对这项计划都不要紧。 D．当不定式做表语时，如果前面主语中出现实义动词do及其各种形式，则不定式中的to常可省略。 What he wants to do is go home.他想做的就是回家。 E．感官动词和使役动词后面做宾语补足语的不定式要省略to(help后的to可带可不带)。 I saw a boy fall down from the tree.我看见一个男孩从树上掉下来了。 F．介词but前面有动词do，后面的不定式可省略to。 He can do nothing but lie down and sleep.他无事可做只好躺下睡觉。 2．并列句中的省略 并列句中后面分句与前面分句的相同部分常可省略。 They don't agree with you and neither do I.他们不同意你的意见，我也不同意。（省略了agree with you）3．复合句中的省略 (1)宾语从句中的省略 A．以特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，若有与前面主句重复的内容，则可将重复内容省略，只保留特殊疑问词。 You are unhappy.Can you tell me why?你不高兴。能告诉我为什么吗？（省略了you are unhappy） B．当用I'm afraid，I think，I believe，I hope，I guess等做答句时，后面常用省略形式。 —Do you think it will rain？——你认为会下雨吗？ —I guess so.——我猜会。 C．在宾语从句中常省略连词，但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词that可省略。 He told me(that)she was a beautiful girl and that she was clever.他告诉我她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且很聪明。 (2)定语从句中的省略 A．在限制性定语从句中做宾语的关系代词that，which，whom可省略。 He is one of the men(whom) I can trust.他是我信任的人之一。 B．修饰way的关系副词that(＝in which)可以省略。 This is the way(that/in which)he studies.这就是他的学习方法。 C．在非正式用语中，关系代词as后面的主谓结构可省略。 He gave the same answer as(he had given) before.他给出的答案和以前(他给的)一样。 (3)状语从句中的省略 A．在时间、地点、条件、方式或让步状语从句中，如果其主语和主句的主语一致，或从句的主语是it且从句中谓语动词包含be，常把从句的主语和be省略。 Be careful when crossing the street.过马路时要小心。（省略了you are） B．在比较状语从句中，than或as后面的部分可省略。 I'm taller than she.我比她高。（省略了is ） 31．—You should be careful when ________. —Yes, I will. I’d like to know when ________ to have a rest. A． driving; stopping B．driving; to stop C．to drive; stopping D．to drive; to stop 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——开车时你应该小心。——是的，我会的。我想知道什么时候停下来休息。 考查非谓语动词。when引导的时间状语从句的主语，与主句主语是同一个主语，谓语是be时，用省略结构，省去主语和be动词，故第一空when you are driving，省略成when driving。作为动词know的宾语，用疑问词+to do sth，故用to stop。故选B。 32．When ____________ to school, I saw a traffic accident. A．walk B．walks C．walking D．to walk 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当步行去学校时，我看到了一起交通事故。 考查省略句。当when引导的时间状语从句和主句的主语一致时，常常可以省略从句的主语和be动词，when后直接跟名词、形容词、现在分词、介词短语等。分析题干可知，前一句的逻辑主语和后一句的主语一致，都是I，前一句的完整形式为：When I was walking to school，其中“I was”可省略。故选C。 33．—What’s your plan for the three-day holiday? —I’m not sure, but ____________, I plan to visit the Bird’s Nest. A．if any B．if ever C．if so D．if possible 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你三天假期的计划是什么？——我不确定，但是如果可能的话，我打算去参观鸟巢。 考查省略句。if any如果真有的话；if ever如果曾经有过的话；if so如果这样的话；if possible如果可能的话。根据选项和“I plan to visit the Bird’s Nest.”可知，此处表示如果可能的话，“我”打算去参观鸟巢。本题考查条件状语从句中的省略现象，if possible是省略句，完整的句子是：if it is possible。故选D。 34．You should be careful while ________ football. A．to play B．play C．plays D．playing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：你踢足球的时候要小心。 考查省略句。while引导的时间状语从句，当主句的主语和从句的主语为同一人称时，从句省略了主语和be动词，所以此空应填现在分词与省略的be动词构成进行时结构，故选D。 35．To avoid ________ the NCP, we should wear a mask when ________ out. A．catching; going B．to catch; went C．catch; goes D．catching; go 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为避免感染新型冠状病毒，我们外出时应佩戴口罩。 考查非谓语动词和省略句。根据“avoid”可知，其后要接动词ing形式作宾语，故第一空要用catching，排除选项B和C。根据“when”和句意可知，此处when引导的时间状语从句。结合选项可知，这个从句为省略句，省略了主句主语we和be动词are，由于从句主语“we”和从句“go”为主动关系，故第二空应用going，此时are going为从句谓语动词。故选A。 36．Bob likes eating sweet snacks while ________ TV. I think he’d better________ the habit. A．to watch; give up B．watching; give up C．watching; to give up D．to watch; to give up 【答案】B 【解析】句意：鲍勃喜欢边看电视边吃甜的零食。我认为他最好戒掉这个习惯。 考查省略句和情态动词词组用法。根据空格前的“while”和空格后的“TV”，可知此处用while doing sth.结构，是while sb. is/was doing sth.的省略形式，省略前提是从句的主语与主句的主语一致，第一空填watching，排除A/D选项；第二空用had better do sth.“最好做某事”，后接动词原形。故选B。 37．You aren’t supposed to eat or drink while ________ down the street. A．to walk B．walking C．walks D．walked 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当走在路上时，你不应该吃东西或喝东西。 考查状语从句的省略。当主从句主语一致（或从句主语为it）时，且从句中含有be动词，则将从句的主语和be动词省略。从句完整结构为“while you are walking down the street”，即当走在路上时。故选B。 38．It’s impolite to make noise while ________ noodles in some country. A．eat B．eating C．to eat D．ate 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在有些国家，吃面条时发出声音是不礼貌的。 考查动词形式辨析。分析句子可知，本句是while引导的时间状语从句，从句用“while doing”的省略形式表示“在做……的过程中”，故选B。 39．—Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day. —________? That’s his third one in just one month. A．Had he B．Did he C．Does he D．Has he 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——杰克前几天买了一部新手机。——是吗？那是他一个月内的第三部手机了。 考查省略。Had he过去完成时的省略；Did he一般过去时的省略；Does he一般现在时的省略；Has he现在完成时的省略。根据bought和the other day可知，这里也应该用一般过去时；Did he是Did he buy a new mobile phone的省略。故选B。 40．—Do you think it's going to rain?   —I _____ not! A．wish B．thinks C．hope D．hope it 【答案】C 【解析】句意：-你认为会下雨吗? -但愿不是这样! 主语为I, 谓语动词使用原形， 故排除选项B。I think so的否定形式是I don't think so；I hope so 的否定形式为I hope not, 不用I hope it not。wish希望，委婉，语气不确定。故选C。 41．---I have stopped driving cars. ---_________. I’m starting to take the bus to work. A．I’d love to B．Me, too C．I don’t agree D．Me neither 【答案】B 【解析】句意：-我已经停止开车了。-我也是。我开始坐公共汽车去上班了。A. I’d love to 我乐意； B. Me, too 我也是；C. I don’t agree我不同意；D. Me neither我也不是。根据语境可知，下文表达“我也不开车了”，所以“me, too” 符合文意。故选B。 42．Why not ________to Beijing for vacation? A．consider going B．considering going C．consider to do D．to consider go 【答案】A 【解析】句意：为什么不考虑去北京度假呢？为什么不做某事呢？Why not do sth?=Why don’t you do sth.即：why not 后直接跟动词用原形：consider；考虑做某事：consider doing sth.故选A。以why开始的否定式的疑问句，有助动词就有主语，即：Why don’t you do…? 没有助动词，就没有主语，即：Why not do …？ 43．The problem was much more difficult than ________. A．expecting B．to expect C．to be expected D．expected 【答案】D 【解析】句意：这个问题比预期的困难得多。 考查省略。在状语从句中，当主句主语和从句主语逻辑一致时，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be的形式。本题than引导方式状语从句，than expected=than the problem was expected。故选D。 44．―I can’t wait for the concert. ________ will it begin? ―________ next Saturday. A．When; Until B．How long; Not until C．When; Not until D．How long; Until 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我都等不及听音乐会了。什么时候开始？——要到下星期五。 考查特殊疑问句及until的用法。when何时；how long多长时间；until直到……为止；not until直到……才。根据“next Friday”可知问的是开始的时间，用when提问；第二空是一个省略句，完整为“It won’t begin until next Friday.（直到下周五才开始）”。故选C。 45．Do come and have a drink when______. A．pass down B．pass on C．passing by D．passed away 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当你路过时一定要过来喝一杯。A. pass down把…一代传一代；B. pass on传递；C. passing by经过；D. passed away去世，（时间等）消磨掉。此句when passing by是when you are passing by的省略，故答案为C。 【注意】有时when引导状语从句时，当主从句的主语一致时，如果句子中含有be动词，在不影响文意的情况下往往将从句中某些成分省去，因此常常会出现以下结构：when后面可以连接现在分词/过去分词等形式，此种现象被称之为状语从句的省略。如果与主语是主动关系 就用现在分词，如果是被动关系就用过去分词。 1.When+现在分词，例如： When sleeping, I never hear a thing.睡觉时，我什么都听不见。 2.When+过去分词，例如： This dictionary will look nice when printed.这本词典印出来时会很好看。 主谓一致的三个原则及用法 原则 特　征 举　例 语法 一致 主语为单数形式,谓语用单数形式 He does his homework every evening. 主语为复数形式,谓语也用复数形式 You and I are good students. 意义 一致 主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语用复数 The people are busy with their work. 集体名词(family、class、team 等)作主语,若表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数;若表示集体中的成员,谓语动词用复数 My family is big. My family are watching TV now. 就近 原则 谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语 Neither you nor he likes pop music. Either he or I am an English teacher. 【注意】 1. 表示度量、时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词往往用单数。 Seventy miles is a long distance. 七十英里是一段很长的距离。 2. 主语后面跟由with、together with、except、like、but等引导的短语时,谓语动词的单复数与前面的主语的数一致。 Tom with his parents has gone to Beijing. 汤姆和他父母已经去北京了。 3. “a number of + 名词复数”作主语时,谓语用复数;“the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语用单数。 A number of students want to plant trees tomorrow. 明天很多学生想去植树。 The number of city dwellers is growing. 城市居民的数量日渐增长。 4. or、either. . . or. . . 、neither. . . nor. . . 、not only. . . but also. . . 等连接并列主语时或在there be 句型中,通常使用就近原则。 Either he or I am right. 或者他对,或者我对。 46．________green or________in a light green room________good for us. A．Wear, sleep, is B．Wearing, sleeping, are C．Wear, sleep, are D．Wearing, sleeping, is 【答案】D 【解析】句意：穿绿色衣服或者在一个绿色的房间睡觉对我们有益处。 考查非谓语动词和主谓一致。本句主语是并列连词“or”连接的两个动词短语，动词短语作主语要用动名词，or表示选择关系，连接两个词作主语就近原则，动名词作主语谓语动词用单数（is）。故选D。 47．You can travel or read to make sure _______ your body _______ spirit is on the way. A．neither; nor B．both; and C．either; or D．not only; but also 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你可以旅行或阅读，以确保你的身体或灵魂在路上。 考查either...or...的用法。neither...nor既不……也不……；both...and……和……（两者）都；either... or要么……要么……；not only...but also不仅……而且……。根据“You can travel or read to make sure...your body...spirit is on the way.”可知，旅行可以让身体在路上，阅读可以让灵魂在路上，要让身体还是灵魂在路上，那就是两者择一的问题，此处应用either...or...。故选C。 48．—Why don’t you get used to the life in Beijing? —________ the crowded traffic ________ the high living cost makes me uncomfortable. The only reason is the badly polluted air. A．Either; or B．Neither; nor C．Not only; but also D．Both; and 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你为什么不习惯北京的生活呢？——拥挤的交通和高昂的生活成本都没有让我感到不舒服。唯一的原因是严重污染的空气。 考查并列连词辨析。Either...or...或者……或者……；Neither...nor... 既不……也不……；Not only...but also...不仅……而且……；Both...and...两者都。根据“...the crowded traffic...the high living cost makes me uncomfortable. The only reason is the badly polluted air.”可知，唯一的原因是空气污染，所以交通和生活成本都没有让自己不舒服。故选B。 49．________ Sandy ________ Andrew likes sports and they are in the same sports club. A．Not only; but also B．Neither; nor C．Either; or D．Both; and 【答案】A 【解析】句意：Sandy和Andrew都喜欢运动，并且他们在同一个运动俱乐部。 考查并列连词。Not only; but also不仅……而且；Neither; nor既不……也不；Either; or或者……或者；Both; and两者都。根据“and they are in the same sports club.”可是，此处指的两人都喜欢运动，排除BC；结合“Andrew likes sports”可知，谓语动词是三单形式，应该使用就近原则的并列连词。故选A。 50．There used to ________ clean water in the river. A．be B．is C．are D．were 【答案】A 【解析】句意：过去河里有干净的水。 考查There be句式。be是，be动词原形；is是，常与第三人称单数联用；are是，常与复数名词联用；were是，用于一般过去时，与复数名词联用。There used to be“过去有”，是固定搭配。故选A。 51．In the movie The Captain (中国机长), the pilot along with all the passengers ________ lucky to survive the air crash due to his extraordinary skills. A．was B．were C．to be D．being 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在电影《中国机长》中，飞行员和所有乘客都很幸运地在飞机失事中幸存下来，因为他非凡的技能。 考查主谓一致。此处缺少谓语动词，根据“the pilot along with all the passengers”可知，谓语动词取决于the pilot，是单数，故选A。 52．Peter ______ his friends ______ good at playing the guitar. A．as well as; is B．as well; is C．as well as; are D．as well; are 【答案】A 【解析】句意：Peter和他的朋友都擅长弹吉他。 考查主谓一致。as well as用于句中，as well用于句末；as well as连接的主语，遵循就远原则，be动词与Peter一致，用is。故选A。 53．Everyone except Tom and John__________ there when the meeting began. A．is B．was C．are D．were 【答案】B 【解析】句意：会议开始时，除了汤姆和约翰，所有人都在。 考查主谓一致，根据began，可知本句是一般过去时，排除AC。当主语后面跟有except, 谓语动词与前面的主语一致，即谓语动词和Everyone一致，用单数，故选B。 【注意】一、当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。 例如：1.The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 二、.代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词做主语，或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数。 例如：Each of us has a book. 54．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机在内都获救了。 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。由题干中的“Have you heard...”可知，事故发生在过去，且 “车上所有的人”和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态were/was done，主语“all on board including the driver”遵循就远原则，所以助动词用were；故选A。 55．I, rather than you, ________ responsible to prevent such things from ________ again. A．am; happen B．are; being happened C．are; happened D．am; happening 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我，而不是你，负责阻止这样的事情再次发生。 考查主谓一致。本题中rather than you是插入语，真正的主语为I，be动词用am，排除B和C。后半句中from为介词，后接名词或者动名词，动词happen用动名词形式。故选D。 56．—________ money should I pay (支付) you for the CD?     —$12________ enough (足够). A．How much; are B．How much; is C．How many; is D．How many; are 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我应该付你多少钱买这张CD？——12美元就够了。 考查特殊疑问句和be动词。How much多少，询问价格；How many多少；are用于第二人称或人称复数；is用于第三人称单数。第一空根据“money should I pay (支付) you for the CD?”可知，此处对价格进行提问，应用how much；第二空主语“$12”表示金钱，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式，因此be动词用is。故选B。 57．No news ________ good news. A．am B．are C．is D．be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：没有消息就是好消息。 考查主谓一致。am是，用于主语是第一人称单数现在时；are是，用于主语第二人称以及复数的现在时；is是，用于主语是第三人称单数或者不可数名词的现在时；be是。本题是一句谚语，用一般现在时，主语中“news新闻，消息”是不可数名词，所以be动词用is。故选C。 58．I think the cattle here ________ to Tom. Here is a photo of ________. Walk along this road and you will surely recognize him. A．belong; his B．belong; him C．belongs; him D．belongs; his 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我想这里的牛是汤姆的。这是他的照片。沿着这条路走，你一定会认出他的。 考查主谓一致和代词辨析。his他的；him他。cattle是集合名词，通常用作复数意义，故此处动词用原形，排除C、D；根据“Here is a photo of...”可知此处是一张汤姆的照片，作介词of的宾语，用代词宾格him。故选B。 59．________ students like playing basketball in our school, and about ________ of them are boys. A．The number of; four fifths B．A number of; four fifth C．A number of; four fifths D．The number of; four five 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我们学校的很多学生喜欢打篮球，并且大约五分之四是男孩。 考查分数表达法和主谓一致。The number of……的数量；A number of许多。根据“...students like playing basketball in our school”可知，很多学生喜欢打篮球，需A number of修饰；当分子大于1时，分母须用序数词的复数形式，four fifths表示“五分之四”。故选C。 60．The pair of gloves over there __________ cool. Bring __________ to me. A．seems; them B．seems; it C．seem; it D．seem; them 【答案】A 【解析】句意：那边的那副手套看起来很酷。把它们带给我。 考查主谓一致和代词辨析。them它们；it它。当“the/a pair of...”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，结合选项可知，第一空应用第三人称单数形式seems；分析“Bring...to me.”可知，此处表示“把那两只手套都拿过来”，所以要用them指代复数名词gloves。故选A。 1 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$