精品解析：浙江省杭州市西湖区杭师大附中2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考英语试卷

嘉兴市2024~2025学年第一学期期末检测 高二英语试题卷 (2025. 1) 考生须知： 1. 全卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分，试题卷12页，答题纸2页，有四部分考查内容，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2. 本卷答案必须做在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。 3. 请用黑墨水签字笔将考生个人相关信息填写在答题纸的相应位置上。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where will the family spend their summer holiday? A. In Australia. B. In Canada. C. In Japan. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Reading a book. B. Writing a letter. C. Collecting money. 3. What does the man want to buy? A. A sofa. B. A bookshelf. C. A table. 4. How did the woman feel about the technology competition? A. It was easy. B. It was frustrating. C. It was interesting. 5. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Go to the grocery store. B. Do shopping online. C. Visit the Internet cafe. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6 Why does the man talk to Sarah? A. To ask for information. B. To extend an invitation. C. To make an appointment. 7. What does the man plan to do? A. Lead the discussion. B. Redesign the system. C. Reschedule the meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman excited about? A. Touring Los Angeles. B. Meeting Aunt Audrey. C. Playing with the fat cat. 9. How long does it take the speakers to get to Los Angeles from home? A. About two hours. B. About three hours. C. About four hours. 10. What will the speakers most probably do next? A. Continue driving. B. Turn back home. C. Feed their stomachs. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What happened when the man was climbing mountains? A. He had a bad cold. B. He lost his equipment. C. He was stuck in bad weather. 12. What caused the loss of the man’s legs? A. Low temperature. B. A fall in the mountain. C. An unsuccessful operation. 13. What did the man decide to do after losing his legs? A. Design new climbing shoes. B. Make equipment for the disabled. C. Use technology to fight his disability. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What do (people say about the paintings at the art exhibition? A. They are full of life. B. They tell true stories. C. They lack clear meanings. 15. What does Harmony in Chaos try to show? A. Various colors. B. Life journeys. C. Social harmony. 16. What can art bring to people according to the man? A. Emotional support. B. Self-reflection. C. Total relaxation. 17. What does thy woman offer to do for the man? A. Pay for the cafe visit. B. Treat him to an exhibition. C. Tell him an interesting story. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When will all vehicles sold In California be electrically powered? A. By2026. B. By 2030. C. By 2035. 19. What may inspire California to lead in environmental efforts? A. Its diverse natural beauty. B. Its unique coastal location. C. Its fastest growing population. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. The temperature rise in California. B. The new rules announced in California. C. The development of electric cars in California. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 1956: Dartmouth workshop Officially known as the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, this conference held at Dartmouth College is widely considered to be the birthplace of AI as a field. A small team of scientists coined the term artificial intelligence for the event and set the course for future thinking and research on the technology. 1997: Deep Blue IBM’s Deep Blue became the first computer system to defeat a world chess champion in a standard tournament match. Deep Blue's underlying technology advanced the ability of supercomputers to tackle complex calculations (运算). 2019: GPT-2 While many major tech companies are involved in the development of AI, it was the publication of then-little-known OpenAI’s Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 that showed the power of natural language processing. Able to work out the next item in a sequence, it could perform tasks such as summarizing and translating text. 2022: ChatGPT The chatbot ChatGPT, released in late 2022, was built on a large language model — and introduced generative AI proper to the wider world. Its release sparked a new phase of rapid development, and generative AI quickly began to transform every aspect of business and our lives. What’s next for AI? Experts say we should expect interactive AI that can instruct other software to carry out tasks for you, AI making new scientific discoveries, and models that understand the physical world, remember, reason and plan. 1. Why was the Dartmouth workshop important? A. It set the path for future studies on AI. B. It led to AI’s victory over human beings. C. It solved the challenges in developing AI. D. It showed the world the first AI program. 2. When did AI first defeat a world chess champion? A. In 1956. B. In 1997. C. In 2019. D. In 2022. 3. What do the experts say about AI in the future? A. It focuses on natural language processing. B. It can promote breakthroughs in many fields. C. It will replace human beings in problem solving. D. It depends on the development of other software. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI的发展史。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Officially known as the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence, this conference held at Dartmouth College is widely considered to be the birthplace of AI as a field. A small team of scientists coined the term artificial intelligence for the event and set the course for future thinking and research on the technology.(在达特茅斯学院举行的这次会议正式被称为达特茅斯夏季研究项目，被广泛认为是AI的发源地。一小群科学家为这一事件创造了“人工智能”一词，并为未来的技术思考和研究设定了方向)”可知，达特茅斯研讨会被认为是AI的发源地，且在会议上提出了“人工智能”一词，这为未来的技术思考和研究设定了方向，由此可推知，达特茅斯研讨会很重要的原因是它为未来的AI研究指明了道路。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据1997: Deep Blue部分中的“IBM’s Deep Blue became the first computer system to defeat a world chess champion in a standard tournament match.(IBM’s Deep Blue成为第一个在标准锦标赛中击败世界象棋冠军的计算机系统)”可知，AI于1997年首次击败世界国际象棋冠军，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Experts say we should expect interactive AI that can instruct other software to carry out tasks for you, AI making new scientific discoveries, and models that understand the physical world, remember, reason and plan.(专家表示，我们应该期待能够与其他软件互动以执行任务的AI，能够进行新科学发现的AI，以及能够理解物理世界、记忆推理和规划的模型)”可知，专家表示，未来AI能够理解物理世界、记忆推理和规划的模型，这说明未来AI可以促进许多领域的突破。故选B。 B McGriff was in her second year of university when she read Half the Sky, which examines the unfair treatment of women in developing countries. She was shocked to learn that 129 million girls worldwide do not have access to school. “In much of the world, women and girls are responsible for household duties,” said McGriff, “It’s seen that girls won’t ever be putting their education to use.” Additionally, many poor families can’t afford girls’ tuition fees, school supplies and uniforms (校服). Yet, studies have shown that providing free uniforms can reduce dropout rates by 16% and absenteeism by more than 35%. This simple solution took root in McGriff’s mind and started her journey helping girls transform their lives. As she took an entrepreneurship (创业) class, she was tasked with creating a business or nonprofit for a class project, which reminded her of the idea of the school uniform. Soon she developed an idea. After conducting field research, McGriff returned home, presented her education project at entrepreneurship competitions and won $35, 000 in startup fund. Eventually she established her nonprofit, Style Her Empowered (SHE), to bring her vision to life. That first year, the group hired local tailors and provided uniforms and school fees for65 girls. But they soon ran into a problem — the students were outgrowing quickly. To address this, McGriff’s team, together with local tailors and students, designed an innovative “growing uniform” which could be adjusted to fit a girl for up to three years, accommodating six different sizes. Today, SHE serves girls in 20 rural villages in southern Togo, providing 1, 500 girls a year with free uniforms, school fees, supplies, tutoring, and much more. Once enrolled, students receive weekly tutoring. As a result, SHE’s students consistently pass their exams at higher rates than the national average. “Our students have increased their performance in school dramatically,” McGriff said. “If given the opportunity, they shine.” 4. What contributes to girls’ high dropout rates according to paragraph 2? A. Financial difficulty. B. Family conflict. C. Academic performance. D. School arrangement. 5. When did McGriff start her nonprofit organization? A. After she analyzed the data of studies. B. When she learned about girls’ dropout rates. C. When she won entrepreneurship competitions. D. After she read a book on girls’ unfair treatment. 6. How did SHE settle the issue of uniforms for girls? A. By hiring famous local tailors. B. By creating adjustable uniforms. C. By providing uniforms of various sizes. D. By increasing the school uniform budget. 7. Why does the writer mention the school performance of SHE’s students? A. To highlight their hard work. B. To suggest the popularity of SHE. C. To indicate their further development. D. To show the effectiveness of SHE’s practice. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了McGriff受《半边天》这本书启发，看到女孩受教育难的现状，通过创业比赛获得资金成立非营利组织SHE，为女孩提供免费校服等帮助，还解决了校服适配问题。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Additionally, many poor families can’t afford girls’ tuition fees, school supplies and uniforms (校服). (此外，许多贫困家庭负担不起女孩的学费、学习用品和校服)”可知，经济困难导致很多家庭负担不起女孩上学的费用，这是导致女孩高辍学率的原因。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“After conducting field research, McGriff returned home, presented her education project at entrepreneurship competitions and won $35,000 in startup fund. Eventually she established her nonprofit, Style Her Empowered (SHE), to bring her vision to life. (在进行了实地研究后，McGriff回到家乡，在创业比赛中展示了她教育项目，并赢得了3.5万美元的启动资金。最终，她成立了非营利组织Style Her Empowered (SHE)，将她的愿景变为现实)”可知，McGriff是在赢得创业比赛后成立了她的非营利组织。故选C项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“To address this, McGriff’s team, together with local tailors and students, designed an innovative “growing uniform” which could be adjusted to fit a girl for up to three years, accommodating six different sizes. (为了解决这个问题，McGriff的团队与当地裁缝和学生一起，设计了一种创新的“成长校服”，这种校服可以调整尺寸，让一个女孩穿长达三年，适合六种不同的尺码)”可知，SHE通过设计可调节的校服解决了女孩校服的问题。故选B项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“As a result, SHE’s students consistently pass their exams at higher rates than the national average. “Our students have increased their performance in school dramatically,” McGriff said. “If given the opportunity, they shine.” (结果，SHE的学生考试通过率一直高于全国平均水平。McGriff说：“我们的学生在学校的表现有了显著提高。如果给他们机会，他们会大放异彩。”)”可推知，作者提到SHE学生的学业表现，是为了展示SHE的做法是有效的。故选D项。 C In an age when online misinformation is seemingly everywhere and objective facts are frequently questioned, some psychologists have presented a solution: Expose young children to more misinformation online — not less. Doing so in limited circumstances, and with careful oversight and education, can help children gain the tools they’ll need to tell fact from falsehood online, said Evan Orticio, a Ph. D. student in UC Berkeley’s Department of Psychology. “Children are born with skepticismc (质疑) and they can adapt their level of skepticism according to the quality of information they’ve seen before in a digital context,” Orticio said. “They can use their expectations of how this digital environment works to make reasonable adjustments to how much they trust or distrust information. ” Minors encounter health misinformation within minutes of creating a TikTok account. Even platforms intended for young audiences like YouTube Kids have become spaces for misinformation. That’s a particular problem because parents may have the impression that these are safe places their kids can explore. That may give a false sense of security and allow falsehoods and problematic content to go unchecked and be taken as true and acceptable. So encountering misinformation when children surf online is unavoidable. If children have some experience working in controlled but imperfect environments where they are constantly encountering things that aren’t quite right, and we show them the process for figuring out what is actually true and not, that will set them up with the expectation to be more critical. Orticio said, “Rather than trying to sanitize their online environments, parents should have discussions with their children about how to check claims and talk about what they’re seeing. ” It’s not that we need to enhance their skepticism. It’s that we need to give them the ability to use that skepticism to their advantage. 8. Why should children be exposed to more misinformation online? A. To maintain their level of skepticism. B. To help them adjust to misinformation. C. To equip them with fact-checking skills. D. To lower their expectations of information. 9. What mistake do parents probably make according to paragraph 3? A. Gathering false information online. B. Creating online accounts for their kids. C. Robbing their kids of a sense of security. D. Taking imperfect platforms for safe places. 10. What does the underlined word “sanitize” in the last paragraph mean? A. Adapt to. B. Rely on. C. Figure out. D. Clean up. 11. What should parents offer to help children explore the online world? A. Proper guidance. B. Good digital resources. C. Prevention strategies. D. Limited Internet access. 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述在网络虚假信息泛滥的时代，一些心理学家建议让孩子适当接触虚假信息，家长应给予指导，帮助孩子学会辨别网络信息真假 。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Doing so in limited circumstances, and with careful oversight and education, can help children gain the tools they’ll need to tell fact from falsehood online, said Evan Orticio, a Ph. D. student in UC Berkeley’s Department of Psychology.(加州大学伯克利分校心理学系的博士生Evan Orticio说，在有限的情况下，并在仔细的监督和教育下这样做，可以帮助孩子们获得他们在网上辨别真假所需的工具)”可知，让孩子们接触更多网络错误信息是为了使他们具备核实事实的技能。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“That’s a particular problem because parents may have the impression that these are safe places their kids can explore.(这是一个特别的问题，因为家长们可能会觉得这些是他们孩子可以探索的安全地方)” 可知，家长可能犯的错误是把不完美的平台当作安全的地方。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Rather than trying to sanitize their online environments, parents should have discussions with their children about how to check claims and talk about what they’re seeing.(与其试图sanitize他们的网络环境，父母应该和他们的孩子讨论如何核实信息，并谈论他们所看到的内容)”并结合语境可知，这里是说与其清理网络环境，不如教孩子辨别，所以sanitize意思是“清理，净化”，与Clean up意思相近。故选D项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Rather than trying to sanitize their online environments, parents should have discussions with their children about how to check claims and talk about what they’re seeing. ” It’s not that we need to enhance their skepticism. It’s that we need to give them the ability to use that skepticism to their advantage.(“与其试图净化他们的网络环境，父母应该和他们的孩子讨论如何核实信息，并谈论他们所看到的内容。”这并不是说我们需要加强他们的怀疑。而是我们需要让他们有能力利用这种怀疑主义)”可知，父母应该为孩子探索网络世界提供适当的指导。故选A项。 D Getting into arguments with strangers online or family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are probably all guilty (有过失的) of feeling like we are right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon is called the “illusion of information adequacy (IOIA)”. “Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety, and general stress, ” says Angus Fletcher, a researcher at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ” In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans online. All the participants read an article about an imaginary school with water shortage. Group one read an article that only gave reasons for merging (合并) with another school that has better water. Group two read an article that only gave reasons for the schools staying separate and hoping for other solutions to the problem. Group three was the control group that read both sets of the arguments. They found the majority of the first two groups believed they had enough information to decide what to do. They said they would follow the recommendations in the article they read and thought others would make the same decision. About 55 percent of the control group recommended the schools merge. The team calls this belief IOIA. Fletcher describes it as, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs to know. This makes us leap to confident conclusions and decisive judgments, when we miss necessary information. ” The team also found some were willing to change their minds — once they had all the facts. Timing also plays a role. The people in the study changed their opinions that were recently formed, not long-held beliefs. According to Fletcher, one of the best ways to reduce IOIA when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I'm missing that would help me understand their position better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersonal conflict. 12. What was the main goal of Fletcher’s research? A. To find ways to improve debate skills. B. To identify types of information sources. C. To explain why it is necessary to stick to facts. D. To explore how to minimize misunderstandings. 13. Why did participants in Group one and two tend to have IOIA? A. They held deep-rooted beliefs. B. They received a lot of false information. C. They were exposed to one-sided arguments. D. They were worried about the school’s situation. 14. What does Fletcher suggest to fight IOIA? A Establishing interpersonal bonds. B. Seeking to bridge the information gap. C. Encouraging others to see the big picture. D. Stressing the weaknesses in others’ positions. 15 Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Why Do People Insist They Are Correct? B. Does Interpersonal Conflict Lead to Stress? C. Can Conversations Affect What We Believe? D. What Contributes to Sensible Decision-making? 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。在与别人争吵时，我们总认为自己是对的，这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。文章主要介绍了我们有信息充足错觉的原因。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中Fletcher所说的话““We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ”(“我们想探讨这些误解，并看看如何减少它们。”)”可知，Fletcher的研究是主要是为了探索如何最大程度地减少误解。故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans online. All the participants read an article about an imaginary school with water shortage. Group one read an article that only gave reasons for merging with another school that has better water. Group two read an article that only gave reasons for the schools staying separate and hoping for other solutions to the problem. (在这项研究中，研究团队在网上调查了1261名美国人。所有参与者都阅读了一篇关于一所缺水学校的虚构报道。第一组阅读的报道只给出了与另一所有更好水源的学校合并的理由。第二组阅读的报道只给出了学校保持独立并希望找到其他的方法的理由。)”可知，第一组和第二组所阅读的报道给出的理由都是单方面的，所以第一组和第二组的参与者倾向于有信息充足错觉（IOIA）。故选C。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Fletcher, one of the best ways to reduce IOIA when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I’m missing that would help me understand their position better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersonal conflict. (根据弗莱彻的说法，当与他人意见不同时，减少IOIA的最好方法之一是停下来问自己：“我是不是漏掉了什么导致我无法更好地理解他们的立场？” 这可以帮助减少不必要的冲突。)”可知， Fletcher建议，要想应对信息充足错觉（IOIA），你应该问自己是不是漏掉了什么导致自己无法更好地理解他们的立场，这说明要努力弥补信息差，由此可推知，Fletcher建议要通过弥补信息差来应对IOIA，故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Getting into arguments with strangers online or family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are probably all guilty of feeling like we are right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon is called the “illusion of information adequacy   (IOIA)”. (在网上与陌生人或在晚餐桌上与家人争吵，感觉就像在和一堵砖墙辩论。我们可能都犯过这样的错误，自己是对的，即使我们没有掌握所有的事实。这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。)”和第二段中““We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ”(“我们想探讨这些误解，并看看如何减少它们。”)”可知，在与别人争吵时，我们总认为自己是对的，这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。文章主要介绍了我们有信息充足错觉的原因，A项“为什么人们坚持认为自己是对的？”适合作文章标题，故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The word for Samoans to say hello is Talofa. ___16___ It depends on who they’re speaking with and the formality of the situation. In the old days, Samoans greeted each other by touching foreheads and noses together. The practice was widely discontinued after the Spanish influenza pandemic (流行病) wiped out around 20 percent of our population. ___17___ Now, what about the language that Samoans use to greet people? Talofa is the official word for hello in Samoan. ___18___ That is Si-o’u-alofa, which literally means: my love, but the unspoken understanding behind it is that I’m offering my love to the person I’m addressing. So basically, Talofa means my love is for you. Another greeting expression is Ua’e sau, which confused me when I first heard it. But I soon learned that it’s so common and so very Samoan. When you show up somewhere, it’s perfectly natural for a Samoan to ask, “Ua’e sau? ” ___19___ Anyone outside our culture might think, “Uhh, can you not see that I am here, and I have arrived?” Actually, it’s just a way for the greeter to acknowledge you are now in their presence. Also I’ve noticed that if your arrival is unexpected, this question is a beautifully subtle (微妙的) way of asking why you are here. ___20___ A. It means, “Have you arrived? ” B. But they use a few other greetings as well. C. Remember it next time a Samoan asks you, “Ua’e sau? ” D. They might wonder why you bother to ask such a question. E. It comes from an older greeting packed with beautiful meaning. F. So we should practice some of Samoa’s most common greeting words. G. These days, Samoans like to greet each other with a single kiss on the cheek. 【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了萨摩亚人打招呼的一些方式。 【16题详解】 上文“The word for Samoans to say hello is Talofa . (萨摩亚人说你好是Talofa。)”指出萨摩亚人打招呼的会说Talofa，下文“It depends on who they’re speaking with and the formality of the situation.(这取决于他们与谁交谈以及情况的正式程度)”指出萨摩亚人与谁交谈以及情况的正式程度也会决定他们的打招呼方式，由此可知，萨摩亚人应该有不同的打招呼方式，B项“但他们也使用其他几种问候语。”符合，故选B。 【17题详解】 上文“In the old days, Samoans greeted each other by touching foreheads and noses together. The practice was widely discontinued after the Spanish influenza pandemic (流行病) wiped out around 20 percent of our population.(在过去，萨摩亚人通过额头和鼻子相触来互相问候。在西班牙流感大流行夺去了我们大约20%的人口，这种做法被广泛停止了)”指出流感使得萨摩亚人改变了原来的打招呼方式，空处承接上文，指出他们改变后的打招呼方式，G项“现在，萨摩亚人喜欢在脸颊上单吻互相打招呼。”符合，故选G。 【18题详解】 下文“That is Si-o’u-alofa, which literally means: my love, but the unspoken understanding behind it is that I’m offering my love to the person I’m addressing.(那是Si-o’u-alofa，字面意思是：我的爱，但其背后的言外之意是我将我的爱献给我打招呼的人)”解释了Talofa的来源，E项“它来自一个充满美好意义的古老问候。”符合语境，引出下文，故选E。 【19题详解】 上文“When you show up somewhere, it’s perfectly natural for a Samoan to ask, “Ua’e sau? ”(当你出现在某个地方时，萨摩亚人问“Ua’e sau? ”是很自然的)”指出使用“Ua’e sau? ”的具体情境，即当你出现在某个地方时，空处承接上文，具体解释“Ua’e sau?”这一表达的意思，A项“这意味着，‘你到了吗？’”符合，故选A。 【20题详解】 上文“Actually, it’s just a way for the greeter to acknowledge you are now in their presence. Also I’ve noticed that if your arrival is unexpected, this question is a beautifully subtle (微妙的) way of asking why you are here. (其实，这只是主人表示欢迎的一种方式，也是他们确认你已经到达的一种方式。我还注意到，如果你的到访是出乎意料，这个问题是一种非常巧妙的方式在问你为什么来这里)”解释了人们为什么会用Ua’e sau?，即这是一种表示欢迎的方式，空处承接上文，指出我们应该了解这种方式，以免理解错了，C项“下次有萨摩亚人问你“Ua’e sau?”时，记得它。”符合，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Manuel Vera, a retiree in Silver Spring, had no idea his efforts would go this far. At first, he ___21___ sought to help his neighbors stay physically active by offering to ___22___ their bikes for free. All he asked was the cost of new parts. Later, he started thinking about the unused bikes people had at home and ___23___ neighbors to donate those collecting ___24___ in their basements. Silver Spring, a Washington, D. C. , suburb of about 80, 000, is a ___25___ community bringing together families, young professionals, retirees like Vera, and a large community of immigrants and refugees (难民) ___26___ to make this place home. Vera tunes (调整) up the donated bikes and ___27___ them to parks, food banks, and apartment complexes. He camps out with his Free Bikes sign and waits for people to wander over. Then he ___28___ people with the perfect new ride and watches them ride away happy. His initial ___29___ saw six bikes go in under 30 minutes. In addition to the adults and kids he ___30___ at his Free Bikes events, customers come from local resettlement agencies and other nonprofits. The groups ___31___ information including the height, gender and age of a ___32___ , and Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door. He’s happy to make the ___33___ . Now neighbors know him as the Bike Dude, and they keep him busy with a ___34___ supply of bikes, helmets and locks. So far, more than 700 Silver Springers have new wheels to take them anywhere their feet can ___35___ , thanks to the big-hearted Bike Dude. 21. A. simply B. naturally C. immediately D. certainly 22. A. wash B. mend C. keep D. recycle 23. A. agreed with B. arranged for C. depended on D. appealed to 24. A. dust B. attention C. energy D. information 25. A. secure B. lively C. diverse D. friendly 26. A. careful B. eager C. ambitious D. proud 27. A. sells B. lends C. donates D. transports 28. A. pairs B. connects C. mixes D. compares 29. A. repair B. sale C. giveaway D. experiment 30. A. invites B. encounters C. hires D. comforts 31. A. confirm B. spread C. provide D. process 32. A. donor B. professional C. volunteer D. rider 33. A. trip B. decision C. choice D. fortune 34. A. flexible B. steady C. limited D. fixed 35. A. kick B. walk C. pedal D. move 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是退休的Manuel Vera把人们不用的自行车修好后免费送给需要的人们的故事。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A. simply仅仅，只；B. naturally自然地；C. immediately立即；D. certainly当然。根据上一句“Manuel Vera, a retiree in Silver Spring, had no idea his efforts would go this far.(Manuel Vera是Silver Spring的一名退休人员，他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。)”和下文的“sought to help his neighbors stay physically active”可知，起初，Manuel Vera只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，所以他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A. wash清洗；B. mend修理；C. keep保持；D. recycle回收。根据下文的“All he asked was the cost of new parts.(他只收取新零件的费用)”可知，他是为邻居修理自行车。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室收集灰尘的自行车。A. agree with同意；B. arrange for安排；C. depended on取决于；D. appealed to上诉；呼吁。根据下文的donate可知，此处指的是呼吁人们捐赠闲置的自行车。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室积满灰尘自行车。A. dust灰尘；B. attention注意力；C. energy能量；D. information信息。根据上文的“unused bikes”和下文的“in their basement”可知，在地下室闲置的自行车肯定会积满灰尘。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Silver Spring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A. secure安全的；B. lively活泼的；C. diverse多样化的；不同的；D. friendly友好的。根据下文的“bringing together families, young professionals, retirees like Vera, and a large community of immigrants and refugees”可知，Silver Spring聚集了许多层次和行业的人，是一个多元化的社区。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Silver Spring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A. careful谨慎的；B. eager渴望的；C. ambitious雄心勃勃的；D. proud骄傲的。根据上文的“immigrants and refugees”可知，移民和难民肯定是渴望有地方安家，安顿下来。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：维拉调整捐赠的自行车，并将它们运送到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼。A. sells出售；B. lends借出；C. donates捐赠；D. transports运输；运送。根据空格后的“parks, food banks, and apartment complexes”和下一句“He camps out with his Free Bikes sign and waits for people to wander over.”可知，他是把修好的自行车运到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼，等人们经过时送给需要的人，而不是出售或借出给这些地方。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他把人们和完美的新骑乘配对，看着他们快乐地骑走。A. pairs把……配对；B. connects连接；C. mixes混合；D. compares比较。根据下文的“watches them ride away happy”可知，他把自行车送给了新主人，所以，用pair符合语境。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他初次赠送是在30分钟内送出6辆自行车。A. repair维修；B. sale销售；C. giveaway赠送；赠品；D. experiment实验。根据上文的“He camps out with his Free Bikes sign”和下文的“six bikes go in under 30 minutes”可知，此处指的是他免费赠送自行车。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了他在免费自行车活动中遇到的成年人和孩子，客户还来自当地的安置机构和其他非营利组织。A. invites邀请；B. encounters遇到；邂逅；C. hires雇用；D. comforts安慰。根据下文的“at his Free Bikes events, customers come from local resettlement agencies and other nonprofits”可知，此处指的是他送自行车时遇到的人。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些组织提供包括骑手身高、性别和年龄在内的信息，Vera会把一辆合适的自行车送到他们家门口。A. confirm确认；B. spread传播；C. provide提供；D. process处理，加工。根据下文“information including the height, gender and age”和“Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door”可知，Vera肯定是根据提供的信息搭配合适的自行车。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些组织提供包括骑手身高、性别和年龄在内的信息，Vera会把一辆合适的自行车送到他们家门口。A. donor捐献者；B. professional专业人员；C. volunteer志愿者；D. rider骑车人；骑手。根据下文的“Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door”可知，Vera送的是自行车，所以，他需要的肯定是骑车人的信息。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为送车之行感到高兴。A. trip出行；旅行；B. decision决定；C. choice选择；D. fortune时运，命运。根据上文的“Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door”可知，此处指的是Vera的送车之行。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，邻居们都称他为“自行车哥”，他们给他源源不断地供应自行车、头盔和锁，让他忙个不停。A. flexible灵活的；B. steady稳定的；C. limited有限的；D. fixed固定的。根据上文的“they keep him busy”可知，有稳定的自行车、头盔和锁供应，Vera才能忙个不停。故选B项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，超过700名Silver Spring人都有了新的自行车，可以让他们的骑到到任何地方，这多亏了这位热心的“自行车哥”。A. kick踢；B. walk走；C. pedal骑自行车前进；踩（自行车等的）踏板；D. move移动。根据空格前的“their feet”可知，此处指的是脚踩踏板骑车。故选C项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s largest three-dimensional LEGO model of “Along the River During the Qingming Festival” was displayed in Hong Kong last week. Covering 47 square meters, the exhibit became a popular attraction, artfully ___36___ (piece) together a wonderful world where the old and the new met. “We rolled out this exhibit mainly ___37___ (promote) traditional Chinese culture through creative events appealing to young people, ” said a deputy general manager of Bank of China. As people walked along the 26-meter-long and three-dimensional model made of up to 3 million lego bricks they could picture themselves in lively ancient streets, ___38___ sellers were offering goods and kids were playing hide and seek. Pointing at ___39___ two-storey building with a front door decorated with colorful ribbons, Li Chun-tung, a ___40___ (lecture) at the University of Hong Kong, said, “This was one of the ___41___ (busy) restaurants then, with decorations that were typical ___42___ inns and bars in Northern Song Dynasty. ” The lego model recreated many details of life over centuries ago, much the same as those presented in the painting. It combined two ___43___ (entire) different cultural representatives from the East and the West, ___44___ (offer) viewers a glimpse into the past and inspiring them to explore the ____45____ (rich) of Chinese heritage. 【答案】36. piecing 37. to promote 38. where 39. a 40. lecturer 41. busiest 42. of 43. entirely 44. offering 45. richness 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在香港展出的乐高立体情景模型《清明上河图》，该模型结合了东西方文化的代表。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：展览占地47平方米，成为一个受欢迎的景点，巧妙地拼凑了一个新旧相遇的奇妙世界。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词是“became”，因此此处需要用非谓语动词，动词“piece”和所修饰词“the exhibit”之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填piecing。 【37题详解】 考查不定式。句意：“我们推出这个展览主要是为了通过吸引年轻人的创意活动来宣传中国传统文化，”中国银行副总经理表示。不定式作目的状语，故填to promote。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当人们漫步在由多达300万块乐高积木制成的26米长的三维模型时，他们可以想象自己置身于热闹的古老街道上，卖家正在提供商品，孩子们正在玩捉迷藏。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词lively ancient streets，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where。故填where。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：香港大学讲师李俊彤（Li Chun-tung）指着一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑说：“这是当时最繁忙的餐厅之一，装饰是北宋时期典型的客栈和酒肆”。表示泛指“一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑”，需要冠词修饰，且two首字母打发音为辅音音素，这里使用不定冠词a。故填a。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：香港大学讲师李俊彤（Li Chun-tung）指着一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑说：“这是当时最繁忙的餐厅之一，装饰是北宋时期典型的客栈和酒肆”。根据语境，需在设空处填上名词，作表语。lecturer意为“讲师”，符合句意。不定冠词a提示用名词单数形式。故填lecturer。 【41题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：香港大学讲师李俊彤（Li Chun-tung）指着一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑说：“这是当时最繁忙的餐厅之一，装饰是北宋时期典型的客栈和酒肆”。修饰名词 restaurants，位于one of the后通常接形容词最高级。busy的最高级是busiest，故填busiest。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：香港大学讲师李春东（Li Chun-tung）指着一栋前门用彩带装饰的两层楼建筑说：“这是当时最繁忙的餐厅之一，装饰是北宋时期典型的客栈和酒肆”。表示“是……的典型特征”用typical of，故填of。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：它结合了东西方两种完全不同的文化代表，为观众提供了一瞥过去的景象，并激励他们去探索中国文化遗产的丰富多彩。修饰形容词different应用副词entirely，故填entirely。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它结合了东西方两种完全不同的文化代表，为观众提供了一瞥过去的景象，并激励他们去探索中国文化遗产的丰富多彩。此处用非谓语动词作状语，应用现在分词形式表示伴随状况，故填offering。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：它结合了东西方两种完全不同的文化代表，为观众提供了一瞥过去的景象，并激励他们去探索中国文化遗产的丰富多彩。设空处需填名词richness作宾语，不可数。故填richness。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，参加了上周五学校举办的烹饪比赛。请给你的新西兰好友 Linda写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： （1）你制作的美食； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Linda, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Linda, I'm thrilled to share a fascinating experience with you! Last Friday, I participated in our school's cooking competition and made a traditional Chinese dish, Kung Pao Chicken, which is known for its spicy flavor. During the process, I immersed myself in the rhythm of chopping, frying and seasoning, meticulously balancing the ingredients to achieve the perfect taste. I found great pleasure in the competition. Not only was it a self-discovery experience but it also sparked my passion for cooking. Have you ever tried anything similar? Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生参加了上周五学校举办的烹饪比赛。请给你的新西兰好友 Linda写一封邮件分享你的经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 兴奋的：thrilled→excited 参加：participate in→take part in 快乐：pleasure→joy 比赛：competition→match 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：During the process, I immersed myself in the rhythm of chopping, frying and seasoning, meticulously balancing the ingredients to achieve the perfect taste. 拓展句：It is during the process that I immersed myself in the rhythm of chopping, frying and seasoning, meticulously balancing the ingredients to achieve the perfect taste.. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I participated in our school's cooking competition and made a traditional Chinese dish, Kung Pao Chicken, which is known for its spicy flavor. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] Not only was it a self-discovery experience but it also sparked my passion for cooking. (运用了部分倒装句) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Wilma was a lively child who always wanted to play outside. The only problem was, she got sick — a lot! Ever since she was born, she was either feverish, coughing, sneezing or covered in spots. . . or at least, that was how she remembered it! Poor Wilma caught lots of diseases with long names and spent a lot of time in the hospital. “If being ill were a sport, I’d be a champion!” When she was five, Wilma caught something called polio, and it looked as if she might never get to play outside again. Wilma recovered from catching polio, but her left leg and foot were badly weakened by the disease. This made it difficult for her to walk. That meant she couldn’t go to nursery school or her first years of primary school like everyone else. It made her upset to see the other kids having fun outside. While the doctors treated her weak leg and she learned how to walk again, she had lessons at home. Wilma also had to take a fifty-mile bus ride with her mum twice a week to go to Meharry Medical College. The kind doctors and nurses at the college gave her exercises to strengthen her muscles. She had to wear a metal brace (支架) that supported her left leg. Using this, she could finally walk by herself and go to school with other kids. That sounded good, but the little girl really hated wearing it. She had to wear it with heavy shoes that made her stand out. “What will the other kids say? ” she asked her mum. “I don’t want to look different!” Her mother tried to cheer her up. “You won’t have to wear it forever, dear. Just keep exercising and make your leg strong!” That’s what Wilma did! She made sure to do all the exercises the doctors gave her to make her leg better. It wasn’t easy, but she kept imagining how wonderful it would be to walk to school without the brace. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 When Wilma was twelve, the doctors decided that her leg was strong enough. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then, she was invited to join her school’s track team. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When Wilma was twelve, the doctors decided that her leg was strong enough. They told her she no longer needed to wear the metal brace. Wilma was overjoyed! She took off the brace and shoes right away and felt the ground beneath her feet in a whole new way. With a big smile on her face, she started to run around the hospital room. From then on, she didn’t just walk to school; she ran. Her new-found freedom made her realize how much she loved moving her legs. She practiced running every day after school, feeling the wind in her hair and the power in her legs. Then, she was invited to join her school’s track team. At first, some of the other team members doubted her because of her past illness. But Wilma didn’t care. She trained harder than anyone else. During practice, she focused on every step, every movement. Her hard work paid off. In the first race she participated in, she ran so fast that she left others far behind. As time went by, she became a well-known runner in the school. Her story inspired not only her teammates but also all the students in the school. They learned that with determination and hard work, they could overcome any difficulty. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Wilma自幼体弱多病，五岁患小儿麻痹症后左腿和脚受影响，需戴支架行走，她虽讨厌支架但坚持锻炼，期待恢复正常。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ① 由第一段首句内容“当威尔玛十二岁时，医生判定她的腿已经足够强壮了。”可知，第一段可描写威尔玛摆脱支架后的喜悦，以及她开始积极地练习跑步，享受自由活动的快乐。 ② 由第二段首句内容“后来，她受邀加入了学校的田径队。”可知，第二段可描写威尔玛在田径队面临队友的质疑，但她努力训练，最终取得好成绩并激励他人。 2. 续写线索：摆脱支架——练习跑步——加入田径队——克服质疑——获得成功 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ① 取下：take off → remove ② 专注于：focus on → concentrate on ③ 参加：participate in → take part in 情绪类 ① 欣喜若狂：overjoyed → ecstatic ② 怀疑：doubt → suspect/be suspicious of 【点睛】[高分句型1] With a big smile on her face, she started to run around the hospital room.(运用了with的复合结构作伴随状语) [高分句型2] In the first race she participated in, she ran so fast that she left others far behind.(运用了省略关系代词的定语从句和so...that引导的结果状语从句) [高分句型3] As time went by, she became a well known runner in the school.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 嘉兴市2024~2025学年第一学期期末检测 高二英语试题卷 (2025. 1) 考生须知： 1. 全卷分试题卷和答题纸两部分，试题卷12页，答题纸2页，有四部分考查内容，满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。 2. 本卷答案必须做在答题纸的相应位置上，做在试题卷上无效。 3. 请用黑墨水签字笔将考生个人相关信息填写在答题纸的相应位置上。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where will the family spend their summer holiday? A. In Australia. B. In Canada. C. In Japan. 2. What are the speakers doing? A. Reading a book. B. Writing a letter. C. Collecting money. 3. What does the man want to buy? A. A sofa. B. A bookshelf. C. A table. 4. How did the woman feel about the technology competition? A. It was easy. B. It was frustrating. C. It was interesting. 5. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Go to the grocery store. B. Do shopping online. C. Visit the Internet cafe. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the man talk to Sarah? A. To ask for information. B. To extend an invitation. C. To make an appointment. 7. What does the man plan to do? A. Lead the discussion. B. Redesign the system. C. Reschedule the meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman excited about? A. Touring Los Angeles. B. Meeting Aunt Audrey. C. Playing with the fat cat. 9. How long does it take the speakers to get to Los Angeles from home? A. About two hours. B. About three hours. C. About four hours. 10. What will the speakers most probably do next? A. Continue driving. B. Turn back home. C. Feed their stomachs. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What happened when the man was climbing mountains? A. He had a bad cold. B. He lost his equipment. C. He was stuck in bad weather. 12. What caused the loss of the man’s legs? A. Low temperature. B. A fall in the mountain. C. An unsuccessful operation. 13. What did the man decide to do after losing his legs? A. Design new climbing shoes. B. Make equipment for the disabled. C. Use technology to fight his disability. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What do (people say about the paintings at the art exhibition? A. They are full of life. B. They tell true stories. C. They lack clear meanings. 15. What does Harmony in Chaos try to show? A. Various colors. B. Life journeys. C. Social harmony. 16. What can art bring to people according to the man? A Emotional support. B. Self-reflection. C. Total relaxation. 17. What does thy woman offer to do for the man? A. Pay for the cafe visit. B. Treat him to an exhibition. C. Tell him an interesting story. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When will all vehicles sold In California be electrically powered? A. By2026. B. By 2030. C. By 2035. 19. What may inspire California to lead in environmental efforts? A. Its diverse natural beauty. B. Its unique coastal location. C. Its fastest growing population. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. The temperature rise in California. B. The new rules announced in California. C. The development of electric cars in California. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 1956: Dartmouth workshop Officially known as the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence this conference held at Dartmouth College is widely considered to be the birthplace of AI as a field. A small team of scientists coined the term artificial intelligence for the event and set the course for future thinking and research on the technology. 1997: Deep Blue IBM’s Deep Blue became the first computer system to defeat a world chess champion in a standard tournament match. Deep Blue's underlying technology advanced the ability of supercomputers to tackle complex calculations (运算). 2019: GPT-2 While many major tech companies are involved in the development of AI, it was the publication of then-little-known OpenAI’s Generative Pre-trained Transformer 2 that showed the power of natural language processing. Able to work out the next item in a sequence, it could perform tasks such as summarizing and translating text. 2022: ChatGPT The chatbot ChatGPT, released in late 2022, was built on a large language model — and introduced generative AI proper to the wider world. Its release sparked a new phase of rapid development, and generative AI quickly began to transform every aspect of business and our lives. What’s next for AI? Experts say we should expect interactive AI that can instruct other software to carry out tasks for you, AI making new scientific discoveries, and models that understand the physical world, remember, reason and plan. 1. Why was the Dartmouth workshop important? A. It set the path for future studies on AI. B. It led to AI’s victory over human beings. C. It solved the challenges in developing AI. D. It showed the world the first AI program. 2. When did AI first defeat a world chess champion? A. In 1956. B. In 1997. C. In 2019. D. In 2022. 3. What do the experts say about AI in the future? A. It focuses on natural language processing. B. It can promote breakthroughs in many fields. C. It will replace human beings in problem solving. D. It depends on the development of other software. B McGriff was in her second year of university when she read Half the Sky, which examines the unfair treatment of women in developing countries. She was shocked to learn that 129 million girls worldwide do not have access to school. “In much of the world, women and girls are responsible for household duties,” said McGriff, “It’s seen that girls won’t ever be putting their education to use.” Additionally, many poor families can’t afford girls’ tuition fees, school supplies and uniforms (校服). Yet, studies have shown that providing free uniforms can reduce dropout rates by 16% and absenteeism by more than 35%. This simple solution took root in McGriff’s mind and started her journey helping girls transform their lives. As she took an entrepreneurship (创业) class, she was tasked with creating a business or nonprofit for a class project, which reminded her of the idea of the school uniform. Soon she developed an idea. After conducting field research, McGriff returned home, presented her education project at entrepreneurship competitions and won $35, 000 in startup fund. Eventually she established her nonprofit, Style Her Empowered (SHE), to bring her vision to life. That first year, the group hired local tailors and provided uniforms and school fees for65 girls. But they soon ran into a problem — the students were outgrowing quickly. To address this, McGriff’s team, together with local tailors and students, designed an innovative “growing uniform” which could be adjusted to fit a girl for up to three years, accommodating six different sizes. Today, SHE serves girls in 20 rural villages in southern Togo, providing 1, 500 girls a year with free uniforms, school fees, supplies, tutoring, and much more. Once enrolled, students receive weekly tutoring. As a result, SHE’s students consistently pass their exams at higher rates than the national average. “Our students have increased their performance in school dramatically,” McGriff said. “If given the opportunity, they shine.” 4. What contributes to girls’ high dropout rates according to paragraph 2? A. Financial difficulty. B. Family conflict. C. Academic performance. D. School arrangement. 5. When did McGriff start her nonprofit organization? A. After she analyzed the data of studies. B. When she learned about girls’ dropout rates. C. When she won entrepreneurship competitions. D. After she read a book on girls’ unfair treatment. 6. How did SHE settle the issue of uniforms for girls? A. By hiring famous local tailors. B. By creating adjustable uniforms. C. By providing uniforms of various sizes. D. By increasing the school uniform budget. 7. Why does the writer mention the school performance of SHE’s students? A. To highlight their hard work. B. To suggest the popularity of SHE. C. To indicate their further development. D. To show the effectiveness of SHE’s practice. C In an age when online misinformation is seemingly everywhere and objective facts are frequently questioned, some psychologists have presented a solution: Expose young children to more misinformation online — not less. Doing so in limited circumstances, and with careful oversight and education, can help children gain the tools they’ll need to tell fact from falsehood online, said Evan Orticio, a Ph. D. student in UC Berkeley’s Department of Psychology. “Children are born with skepticismc (质疑) and they can adapt their level of skepticism according to the quality of information they’ve seen before in a digital context,” Orticio said. “They can use their expectations of how this digital environment works to make reasonable adjustments to how much they trust or distrust information. ” Minors encounter health misinformation within minutes of creating a TikTok account. Even platforms intended for young audiences like YouTube Kids have become spaces for misinformation. That’s a particular problem because parents may have the impression that these are safe places their kids can explore. That may give a false sense of security and allow falsehoods and problematic content to go unchecked and be taken as true and acceptable. So encountering misinformation when children surf online is unavoidable. If children have some experience working in controlled but imperfect environments where they are constantly encountering things that aren’t quite right, and we show them the process for figuring out what is actually true and not, that will set them up with the expectation to be more critical. Orticio said, “Rather than trying to sanitize their online environments, parents should have discussions with their children about how to check claims and talk about what they’re seeing. ” It’s not that we need to enhance their skepticism. It’s that we need to give them the ability to use that skepticism to their advantage. 8. Why should children be exposed to more misinformation online? A. To maintain their level of skepticism. B. To help them adjust to misinformation. C. To equip them with fact-checking skills. D. To lower their expectations of information. 9. What mistake do parents probably make according to paragraph 3? A. Gathering false information online. B. Creating online accounts for their kids. C. Robbing their kids of a sense of security. D. Taking imperfect platforms for safe places. 10. What does the underlined word “sanitize” in the last paragraph mean? A. Adapt to. B. Rely on. C. Figure out. D. Clean up. 11. What should parents offer to help children explore the online world? A. Proper guidance. B. Good digital resources. C. Prevention strategies. D. Limited Internet access. D Getting into arguments with strangers online or family members at the dinner table can feel a bit like debating with a brick wall. We are probably all guilty (有过失的) of feeling like we are right, even if we don’t have all the facts. This phenomenon is called the “illusion of information adequacy (IOIA)”. “Interpersonal conflict is on the rise, driving increases in anger, anxiety, and general stress, ” says Angus Fletcher, a researcher at the Ohio State University. “We wanted to look into those misunderstandings and see how they could be reduced. ” In the study, the team surveyed 1, 261 Americans online. All the participants read an article about an imaginary school with water shortage. Group one read an article that only gave reasons for merging (合并) with another school that has better water. Group two read an article that only gave reasons for the schools staying separate and hoping for other solutions to the problem. Group three was the control group that read both sets of the arguments. They found the majority of the first two groups believed they had enough information to decide what to do. They said they would follow the recommendations in the article they read and thought others would make the same decision. About 55 percent of the control group recommended the schools merge. The team calls this belief IOIA. Fletcher describes it as, “The less our brain knows, the more confident it is that it knows all it needs to know. This makes us leap to confident conclusions and decisive judgments, when we miss necessary information. ” The team also found some were willing to change their minds — once they had all the facts. Timing also plays a role. The people in the study changed their opinions that were recently formed, not long-held beliefs. According to Fletcher, one of the best ways to reduce IOIA when disagreeing with someone is to stop and ask, “Is there something I'm missing that would help me understand their position better? ” This can help reduce unnecessary interpersonal conflict. 12. What was the main goal of Fletcher’s research? A. To find ways to improve debate skills. B. To identify types of information sources. C. To explain why it is necessary to stick to facts. D. To explore how to minimize misunderstandings. 13. Why did participants in Group one and two tend to have IOIA? A. They held deep-rooted beliefs. B. They received a lot of false information. C. They were exposed to one-sided arguments. D. They were worried about the school’s situation. 14. What does Fletcher suggest to fight IOIA? A. Establishing interpersonal bonds. B. Seeking to bridge the information gap. C. Encouraging others to see the big picture. D. Stressing the weaknesses in others’ positions. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Why Do People Insist They Are Correct? B. Does Interpersonal Conflict Lead to Stress? C. Can Conversations Affect What We Believe? D. What Contributes to Sensible Decision-making? 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The word for Samoans to say hello is Talofa ___16___ It depends on who they’re speaking with and the formality of the situation. In the old days, Samoans greeted each other by touching foreheads and noses together. The practice was widely discontinued after the Spanish influenza pandemic (流行病) wiped out around 20 percent of our population. ___17___ Now, what about the language that Samoans use to greet people? Talofa is the official word for hello in Samoan. ___18___ That is Si-o’u-alofa, which literally means: my love, but the unspoken understanding behind it is that I’m offering my love to the person I’m addressing. So basically, Talofa means my love is for you. Another greeting expression is Ua’e sau, which confused me when I first heard it. But I soon learned that it’s so common and so very Samoan. When you show up somewhere, it’s perfectly natural for a Samoan to ask, “Ua’e sau? ” ___19___ Anyone outside our culture might think, “Uhh, can you not see that I am here, and I have arrived?” Actually, it’s just a way for the greeter to acknowledge you are now in their presence. Also I’ve noticed that if your arrival is unexpected, this question is a beautifully subtle (微妙的) way of asking why you are here. ___20___ A. It means, “Have you arrived? ” B. But they use a few other greetings as well. C. Remember it next time a Samoan asks you, “Ua’e sau? ” D. They might wonder why you bother to ask such a question. E. It comes from an older greeting packed with beautiful meaning. F. So we should practice some of Samoa’s most common greeting words. G. These days, Samoans like to greet each other with a single kiss on the cheek. 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Manuel Vera, a retiree in Silver Spring, had no idea his efforts would go this far. At first, he ___21___ sought to help his neighbors stay physically active by offering to ___22___ their bikes for free. All he asked was the cost of new parts. Later, he started thinking about the unused bikes people had at home and ___23___ neighbors to donate those collecting ___24___ in their basements. Silver Spring, a Washington, D. C. , suburb of about 80, 000, is a ___25___ community bringing together families, young professionals, retirees like Vera, and a large community of immigrants and refugees (难民) ___26___ to make this place home. Vera tunes (调整) up the donated bikes and ___27___ them to parks food banks, and apartment complexes. He camps out with his Free Bikes sign and waits for people to wander over. Then he ___28___ people with the perfect new ride and watches them ride away happy. His initial ___29___ saw six bikes go in under 30 minutes. In addition to the adults and kids he ___30___ at his Free Bikes events, customers come from local resettlement agencies and other nonprofits. The groups ___31___ information including the height, gender and age of a ___32___ , and Vera delivers a fitting bicycle to their door. He’s happy to make the ___33___ . Now neighbors know him as the Bike Dude, and they keep him busy with a ___34___ supply of bikes, helmets and locks. So far, more than 700 Silver Springers have new wheels to take them anywhere their feet can ___35___ , thanks to the big-hearted Bike Dude. 21. A. simply B. naturally C. immediately D. certainly 22. A. wash B. mend C. keep D. recycle 23. A. agreed with B. arranged for C. depended on D. appealed to 24. A. dust B. attention C. energy D. information 25. A. secure B. lively C. diverse D. friendly 26. A. careful B. eager C. ambitious D. proud 27. A. sells B. lends C. donates D. transports 28. A. pairs B. connects C. mixes D. compares 29. A. repair B. sale C. giveaway D. experiment 30. A. invites B. encounters C. hires D. comforts 31. A. confirm B. spread C. provide D. process 32. A. donor B. professional C. volunteer D. rider 33. A. trip B. decision C. choice D. fortune 34. A. flexible B. steady C. limited D. fixed 35. A. kick B. walk C. pedal D. move 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world’s largest three-dimensional LEGO model of “Along the River During the Qingming Festival” was displayed in Hong Kong last week. Covering 47 square meters, the exhibit became a popular attraction, artfully ___36___ (piece) together a wonderful world where the old and the new met. “We rolled out this exhibit mainly ___37___ (promote) traditional Chinese culture through creative events appealing to young people, ” said a deputy general manager of Bank of China. As people walked along the 26-meter-long and three-dimensional model made of up to 3 million lego bricks, they could picture themselves in lively ancient streets, ___38___ sellers were offering goods and kids were playing hide and seek. Pointing at ___39___ two-storey building with a front door decorated with colorful ribbons Li Chun-tung, a ___40___ (lecture) at the University of Hong Kong, said, “This was one of the ___41___ (busy) restaurants then, with decorations that were typical ___42___ inns and bars in Northern Song Dynasty. ” The lego model recreated many details of life over centuries ago, much the same as those presented in the painting. It combined two ___43___ (entire) different cultural representatives from the East and the West, ___44___ (offer) viewers a glimpse into the past and inspiring them to explore the ____45____ (rich) of Chinese heritage. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，参加了上周五学校举办的烹饪比赛。请给你的新西兰好友 Linda写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： （1）你制作的美食； （2）你的感想。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Linda, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Wilma was a lively child who always wanted to play outside. The only problem was, she got sick — a lot! Ever since she was born, she was either feverish, coughing, sneezing or covered in spots. . . or at least, that was how she remembered it! Poor Wilma caught lots of diseases with long names and spent a lot of time in the hospital. “If being ill were a sport, I’d be a champion!” When she was five, Wilma caught something called polio, and it looked as if she might never get to play outside again. Wilma recovered from catching polio, but her left leg and foot were badly weakened by the disease. This made it difficult for her to walk. That meant she couldn’t go to nursery school or her first years of primary school like everyone else. It made her upset to see the other kids having fun outside. While the doctors treated her weak leg and she learned how to walk again, she had lessons at home. Wilma also had to take a fifty-mile bus ride with her mum twice a week to go to Meharry Medical College. The kind doctors and nurses at the college gave her exercises to strengthen her muscles. She had to wear a metal brace (支架) that supported her left leg. Using this, she could finally walk by herself and go to school with other kids. That sounded good, but the little girl really hated wearing it. She had to wear it with heavy shoes that made her stand out. “What will the other kids say? ” she asked her mum. “I don’t want to look different!” Her mother tried to cheer her up. “You won’t have to wear it forever, dear. Just keep exercising and make your leg strong!” That’s what Wilma did! She made sure to do all the exercises the doctors gave her to make her leg better. It wasn’t easy, but she kept imagining how wonderful it would be to walk to school without the brace. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 When Wilma was twelve, the doctors decided that her leg was strong enough. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then, she was invited to join her school’s track team. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$