选择性必修第1册 Unit 5 Revealing Nature（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P141] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．(译林选必二U1)Another technique advertisers often employ is to link (把……联系起来) their company or product to a “brand ambassador ” —a famous actor，a sports star，or even a fictional character. 2．When faced with failure，we should reflect on ourselves instead of putting the blame (责备) on others.(主旨升华) 3．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)We're trying to generate (创造) a language that helps bring the human­nature interactions back into our daily lives. 4．The need to communicate is a key characteristic(特征) of human society. 5．Although the service sector has grown since the late 1970's，its productivity growth has declined(减少). Ⅱ.语境运用 1．High levels of lead have been detected in the atmosphere.And we hope the detection will raise public awareness of air protection.(detect) 2．I didn't notice any suspicious behaviour from him，so I didn't suspect him of committing the crime.(suspect) 3．Through a process of evolution，species have adapted to their environments and evolved over millions of years.(evolve) 4．The man is always distant towards his neighbours，so his neighbours often keep him at a distance．(distant) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．似乎我的英语进步不大。我希望你能给我一些有用的建议。(求助信) It seems that I have made little progress in English．I hope that you can give me some useful advice. 2．人们认为阅读能够增加我们的知识，拓宽我们的思维，从而丰富我们对世界的理解。(倡议书) Reading is believed to increase our knowledge and broaden our mind，thereby enriching our understanding of the world. 3．由于科技的进步，我们结交朋友以及与他们交流的方式发生了巨大的变化。(演讲稿) Thanks to advances in technology，the way we make friends and communicate with them has changed significantly. [对应学生用书P142] suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得 n.嫌疑人(☞suspicion n.怀疑；疑心☞suspicious adj.怀疑的；可疑的) suspect sb of (doing) sth 　怀疑某人(做了)某事 suspect sb to be...　怀疑/猜想某人是…… suspect that...　怀疑，猜想…… [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Suspecting (suspect) that the traveler carried illegal goods，the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase. ②汤姆的朋友怀疑他偷了玛丽的手机，这让汤姆非常难过。(情绪描写) Tom's friend suspected him of stealing Mary's mobile phone，which made Tom very upset. decline v.减少；下降；衰落；婉言谢绝 n.减少；下降；衰落，衰败 (1)decline to do sth　拒绝做某事 decline to...　减少到…… decline by...　减少了…… decline in...　在……方面衰弱/减少 (2)in decline/on the decline　在衰退，在下降，走下坡路 fall into (a) decline　开始衰落 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The number of tourists to the scenic spot has declined by 10% in recent years to only 5 million. ②She wanted him to go shopping with her，but he declined to join (join)，saying he was too busy or didn't have the time. ③我只能谢绝你的邀请，因为我在忙于准备期末考试。(道歉信) Occupied in preparing for my final exam，I have no alternative but to decline your invitation. blame v.责怪，指责；把……归咎于n.责备；过失 (1)blame sb for (doing) sth　为(做)某事责备某人/责备某人(做)某事 blame sth on sb　把某事归咎于某人 be to blame (for...)　　应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备 (2)lay/put the blame on　把责任归咎于…… [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①These days，you can see traffic jams around schools at drop­off and pick­up times，but it's hard to blame (blame) the parents.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷，听力) ②Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock. ③由于演出失败而受到指责，杰克感到一阵悲伤，他忍不住痛哭起来。(情感描写) Blamed for the failure of the performance，Jack felt seized by a burst of sadness and couldn't help crying bitterly. drive...away驱走；驶离 (1)drive off　驱车离去；赶跑 (2)drive sb to/into...　迫使某人进入某状态 drive sb to do sth　迫使某人做某事 drive sb crazy/mad　把某人逼得发疯 [练透]　单句语法填空/补全句子 ①A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds. ②I watched several people go by，get into their cars and drive off，each one lost in their own thoughts and heading towards their respective destinations.(动作描写) ③His passion for traditional Chinese culture drove him to come (come) to China. ④Ma Ming's neighbours said they were being driven mad (快被逼疯了) being exposed to such noise.(北师大选必四U11) (情绪描写) sb/sth be said to have done...据说已经做了…… 教材原句：Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India. 据说，亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗曾在印度见过这样的一棵树。 sb/sth＋be said to do意为“据说……”，其中动词不定式有时态和语态的变化，该结构相当于“It be said that...”。 (1)sb/sth＋be＋过去分词＋ (2)用于本句型的动词还有think，believe，expect，report，consider，suppose等。 [练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make (make) the printed page outdated.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ②Zhang Sanfeng，a 13th­century Taoist，was said to have invented (invent) tai chi after drawing inspiration from a fight between a snake and a bird.(译林必修二U2) ③据说来自其他学校的一些教师和学生也受邀进行了表演。(新闻报道) Some teachers and students from other schools were said to have been invited to give performances as well. [对应学生用书P143] 　单句语法填空 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Though they are useful for detecting (detect)shifts in the number and variety of species in an area，a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect. 2．(2024·石家庄期末)The purpose of the program supported by the government is to generate (generate) a lot of new jobs. 3．(译林选必三U2)The results of these space investigations have made major contributions to an understanding of the origin，evolution (evolve)，and likely future of the universe，such as planets，stars，and all other forms of matter and energy. 4．(译林选必四U2)The more international and globalized the world becomes，the more language characteristics (character) will be shared between nations and cultures. 5．Anyone suspected (suspect) of drunk driving should be stopped and take an alcohol test immediately to ensure the safety of all road users. 6．(译林选必二U3)Up to now，more than 360 acupuncture points have been identified，each linked (link) to a different part of the body. 7．Howard declined to come (come) because of personal reasons，and in that case，we asked somebody else to help us overcome the difficulties. 8．A firm handshake is generally regarded as an indication (indicate) that someone is confident. 9．You can also visit the city museum，which is within walking distance (distant) of the hotel where you stay. 10．(北师大选必一U3)Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth's sixth mass extinction.This time，human activity will be to blame (blame). 　短语填空 1．(译林必修二U1)Mrs Gump waves to Forrest as the bus drives away (汽车驶离).Forrest begins to walk down the bus. 2．(北师大选必二U6)This can actually be a disadvantage because they may be too close to the material and find it difficult to adapt to a new form (适应一种新的形式). 3．The waiting room is crowded with passengers (挤满了乘客) waiting for the bus to come，so it is very noisy. 4．No one knows exactly when the tradition of eating dumplings came to exist (产生). 5．So far，many patriotic companies have answered the call (响应号召)，donating a lot of money and materials to the disaster area. 　完成句子 1．(译林必修一U4)你的朋友也会影响你看待自己外貌的方式。(the way＋定语从句) Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance． 2．(北师大必修三U8)概括起来说，似乎几乎所有参与的人都理解帮助保护环境的必要性。 [it seems/seemed (that)...] To sum up，it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment. 3．(译林必修一U4)然而，对于那些严重超重的人来说，尝试适当减肥是非常重要的。(it作形式主语) However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly. [对应学生用书P144] Ⅰ.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思 1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of ①oversampled areas and lead them to places—and even species—that are not ②well­sampled.①过度取样的 ②充分采样的 2．(2023·全国甲卷) Serving hard­to­find Thai dishes in an elegant atmosphere，the restaurant is true to Thai cuisine's roots，yet still manages to add a special twist.根源 Ⅱ.选出decline的含义 A．vt.谢绝 B．vi.下降　C．n.下降 D．vi.衰退，衰落 1．(2023·北京卷)This is when a pop star draws far more attention than，say，gradual biodiversity decline. C 2．(2022·浙江1月卷)When the answer was no，she declined the invitation. A 3．(2020·浙江7月卷)Of course，our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons—including other environmental influences or genetic factors. D 4．The number of tourists to the place of interest declined by 10% last year because of the economic downturn. B 请你以中学生李华的名义为一家英文网站写一封倡议书，呼吁世界各地的学生加入拯救大熊猫的行动中。 Ⅰ.利用本单元所学知识完成句子 1．大熊猫是中国本土物种，被视为中国的国宝。 Giant pandas are native to China，and are regarded as a national treasure. 2．大熊猫主要生活在中国中西部的深山中，以嫩竹叶为食。 Giant pandas mainly live in the distant mountains in central and western China，which feed on tender bamboo leaves. 3．由于人类活动带来的影响，野生大熊猫的数量已下降至2000只以下。 Due to the influences brought about by human activities，the number of wild giant pandas has declined to less than 2000. 4．为了保护该物种免遭灭绝，中国建立了一些自然保护区并开展了一系列大熊猫研究和繁殖项目。 (动词不定式作目的状语) To protect the species from extinction，China has set up some nature reserves and carried out a variety of giant panda research and breeding programmes. 5．在这里，我呼吁全世界的学生加入保护大熊猫的行列。感激所有响应号召的人。 Here I call on the students worldwide to join the protection of giant pandas.Anyone who answers the call would be appreciated． Ⅱ.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇 One possible version： Giant pandas are native to China，and are regarded as a national treasure. Giant pandas mainly live in the distant mountains in central and western China，which feed on tender bamboo leaves.But due to the influences brought about by human activities，the number of wild giant pandas has declined to less than 2，000.To protect the species from extinction，China has set up some nature reserves and carried out a variety of giant panda research and breeding programmes. Here I call on the students worldwide to join the protection of giant pandas.Anyone who answers the call would be appreciated. [动作细节描写]——动“腿” 词块 shaky/trembling legs颤抖的腿　with one's legs wide apart 双腿叉开　tired legs疲惫的双腿　cross one's legs 盘腿　drag one's heavy legs 拖着沉重的双腿　run like the wind 飞奔　jump to one's feet 跳起来　run around like a headless chicken毫无头绪地瞎忙一通 句型 I paced back and forth，like an ant on a hot pan.(比喻句)我踱来踱去，就像热锅上的蚂蚁。 He walked up and down restlessly，his face pale and his hands shaking slightly.(独立主格)他不安地走来走去，脸色苍白，双手微微颤抖。 Exhausted and hopeless，I slid into bed，but I was unable to fall asleep.(形容词作状语)我又累又绝望，溜上床，却无法入睡。 He rushed in and his face flamed with excitement.他冲了进来，激动得满脸通红。 With my legs wide apart，I sat on the ground and cared for the plant with great care.(with复合结构)我岔开双腿，坐在地上，小心翼翼地照料着那株植物。 He ran out of the room in a burst of anger.他一怒之下跑出了房间。 He struggled to run towards the finishing line，with his mouth dry and his legs trembling.(with复合结构)他挣扎着向终点线跑去，口干腿抖。 He sank in the sofa，crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist，lost in deep thought.(动作链描写，形容词短语作状语)他一屁股坐在沙发上，盘着腿，一只拳头托着下巴，陷入了沉思。 [语料运用]——人与植物 约翰拖着沉重的双腿走回家。他陷进沙发里，盘着腿，下巴搁在一只拳头上，陷入了沉思。几分钟后，他筋疲力尽，心灰意冷，躺在床上却无法入睡。他在屋里焦躁不安地走来走去，脸色苍白，双手微微颤抖。妻子看到他陷入了悲伤的深渊，于是给他买了一株漂亮的植物。他怀疑这株植物是否能让他有所改变，但他并没有拒绝。每天，他两腿岔开坐在地上，小心翼翼地照料着这株植物。在这段他感到绝望的日子里，照顾这株植物成了他的一种慰藉。 John 1.dragged his heavy legs forward and arrived at home．He sank in the sofa，2.crossed his legs and rested his chin on one fist，lost in deep thought (动作链描写)．A few minutes later，3.exhausted and hopeless (形容词作状语)，he lay in bed，but he was unable to fall asleep.He 4.walked up and down restlessly in the house，his face pale and his hands shaking slightly.Seeing he was lost in the abyss of sadness，his wife bought him a beautiful plant.He suspected whether the plant could make any change for him，but he 5.didn't decline it．Every day 6.with his legs wide apart (with复合结构)，he sat on the ground and cared for the plant with great care.During these days of hopelessness，taking care of this plant became a source of comfort for him. [对应学生用书P512] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2025·南昌一模)The multitalented，Renaissance genius Leonardo da Vinci over 500 years ago wrote down his “rule of trees”，which described the way he thought that trees branch.Though it was a brilliant insight that helped him to draw realistic landscapes，Leonardo's rule breaks down for many types of trees.Now，a new branching rule—nicknamed “Leonardo­like”—works virtually for any leafy tree. “The old Leonardo rule describes the thickness of the branches，while the length of the branch was not taken into account，” says physicist Sergey Grigoriev.“Therefore，the description using the old rule is not complete.” Leonardo's rule says that the thickness of a limb (大枝) before it branches into smaller ones is the same as the combined thickness of the limbs sprouting (生长) from it. However，according to Grigoriev and his colleagues，it's the surface area that stays the same.Using the surface area as a guide，the new rule incorporates limb widths and lengths，and predicts that long branches end up being thinner than short ones.Unlike Leonardo's guess，the updated rule works well when the team checks slim birches (桦树) as well as strong oaks. To test their rule，the research team took photographs of trees from a variety of species and analyzed the branches to confirm that the real­world patterns matched the predictions.“The photos offer a direct measurement of the characteristics of a tree without touching it，which can be important when we deal with a living object，” Grigoriev says.Though the team hasn't studied evergreens yet，the rule holds for all of the deciduous trees that the researchers have looked at. While it's possible to confirm the rule by measuring branches by hand，it would require climbing into trees and checking all the limbs—a risky exercise for trees and scientists alike.“Note，”the researchers write，“that not a single tree was harmed during these experiments.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的研究树干如何生长的规则。 1．What does the Leonardo's rule of trees focus on? A．How tree branches may grow. B．What environment trees need. C．How trees can be drawn better. D．What landscapes trees can form. 解析　A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“which described the way he thought that trees branch”以及第二段中的“The old Leonardo rule describes the thickness of the branches”都可得知，Leonardo的树木法则侧重于树枝会如何生长，故选A。 2．Why are birches and oaks mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To state the correctness of the new rule. B．To present Leonardo's influential works. C．To compare the features of different trees. D．To show the popularity of Leonardo's rule. 解析　A　推理判断题。第三段最后一句谈到与列奥纳多的猜测不同，更新后的规则在团队检查细长的桦树和强壮的橡树时效果很好。这就说明新规则是正确的，故选A。 3．How did the researchers prove the new rule? A．By applying it to various trees. B．By conducting on­site inspection. C．By analyzing pictures of branches. D．By measuring real branches directly. 解析　C　推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“To test their rule，the research team...matched the predictions”可知，为了测试他们的规则，研究小组拍摄了各种树种的树木照片，并分析了树枝，以确认现实世界的模式与预测相符，故选C。 4．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Further experiments are required. B．The protection of trees is stressed. C．Risky accidents happened in the study. D．Trees were damaged in the experiments. 解析　B　推理判断题。最后一段谈到虽然可以通过手动测量树枝来确认规则，但这需要爬到树上并检查所有主枝——这对树木和科学家来说都是一项冒险的工作。故可推知本段强调了对树的保护，故选B。 B (2024·沈阳高三质量监测)Parrots consistently top the charts of the world's smartest animals.A new discovery published by the Royal Society Open Science reveals to us what sets the intelligent individual monk parakeet (和尚鹦鹉) apart in a group. Previously，it was thought that these birds introduced themselves to others with a sort of“catchphrase” that distinguished their identity.However，after running the vocalizations (声音) collected in this study through a machine learning program，a team led by Simeon Smeele，a doctoral student at Aarhus University in Denmark，found that the birds actually had “voiceprints” like humans that identify themselves in the group. The researchers studied thousands of monk parakeet vocalizations from hundreds of birds in Barcelona across two years and ran these recordings through the program that identifies small differences in their calls. “The voiceprint is the underlying quality of a voice that you can recognize in humans，and this is the first time that it has been shown in another vocal learner，”Smeele said.For example，the voiceprint of your father is how you know it's his voice，even if he isn't present.“This is what I think could explain how they recognize each other，because it can be stable over very long periods of time，” he added. “This shows that these birds also have that sort of information that they might be using in their complicated social interactions，” said Emily DuVal，Ph.D.，a behavioral ecologist at Florida State University.“Research into animal communication has the potential to motivate the public into action to conserve animals.Recognizing who each other is and understanding how they interact with one another are important for human life，” she said. This model can potentially be applied to other animals with vocal recognition like bottlenose dolphins，bats and elephants.Future research will look into whether these voiceprints are recognized by all parakeets in the community or only a circle of close relatives. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。鹦鹉一贯被人们认为是世界上最聪明的动物之一。一项新的研究发现，聪明的和尚鹦鹉使用与人类一样的“声纹”来使自己在群体之中有别于其他和尚鹦鹉。 5．What helps the monk parakeets recognize each other? A．The catchphrase. B．The intelligence. C．The voiceprint. D．The communication. 解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段的“found that the birds actually had ‘voiceprints’ like humans that identify themselves in the group”可知，研究发现，这些鸟实际上有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以识别自己在该群体中的身份，故选C。本题易错选A。根据第二段的“Previously，it was thought...‘catchphrase’ that distinguished their identity.However”可知，“和尚鹦鹉使用类似于‘流行语’的语言去识别彼此的身份”这一观点是之前被人们假定的，However后才是现在研究发现的结果，故排除A项。 6．How did the researchers conduct the study? A．By combining “catchphrases” with “voiceprints”． B．By keeping track of the monk parakeets' relatives. C．By collecting vocalizations and identifying their differences. D．By comparing humans' voiceprints with monk parakeets'. 解析　C　细节理解题。 根据文章第二段中的“after running the vocalizations(声音) collected in this study through a machine learning program”和第三段中的“ran these recordings through the program that identifies small differences in their calls”可知，本研究中的研究者先收集了和尚鹦鹉的声音，然后将其输入到一个能够区分这类鸟叫声的细微差别的机器学习程序中。故C项“通过收集声音并识别它们的差异”正确。 7．What will the future study focus on? A．The information that voiceprints can express. B．The potential influence that voiceprints can bring. C.The animals among which voiceprints are identified. D．The range where monk parakeets' voiceprints are recognized. 解析　D　细节理解题。 根据文章最后一段中的“Future research will look into whether these voiceprints are recognized by...close relatives”可知，未来的研究将着眼于这些声纹是被社群中的所有长尾鹦鹉识别，还是只被一些近亲识别。故D项正确。 8．What can be the best title for the text? A．Monk Parakeets Are Great Vocal Learners B．Monk Parakeets Resemble Humans in Communication C．“Voiceprints” Are Found in Animals' Social Interactions D．“Voiceprints” Help Monk Parakeets Identify Themselves 解析　D　标题归纳题。根据文章内容尤其是第二段最后一句中的“found that the birds actually had ‘voiceprints’ like humans that identify themselves in the group”可知，研究发现，这些鸟实际上有与人类一样的“声纹”，可以识别自己在该群体中的身份，故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·石家庄质量检测)In 2019，I was staying at a fitness camp in Thailand.After doing 2.5 hours of kickboxing，I began to cough.Thinking it was probably from the intense workout，I brushed off the 1 ． But over the next few hours，I started struggling to 2 breathe and my heart began to 3 ．I panicked and decided to get help.As I was 4 myself to the front desk，a Thai woman saw me and asked what was wrong.I tried to 5 that I couldn't breathe. The woman was so 6 ．She was on the phone within 10 seconds， 7 a car to get me to a hospital.Another Thai woman came and talked to me for a few minutes， 8 me I would be okay at the hospital.Ten minutes later，the car came. 9 ，I was taken to a doctor's office.The nurse couldn't speak English but 10 me the whole time she examined me.Then she 11 “bronchitis” (支气管炎) on her phone and gave me some medications. When I got back to the 12 ，many people asked me if I was okay.They checked in on me multiple times a day and brought me food.Over the next week，I 13 ． It is hard to describe the 14 that I felt at the time，as well as the relief and thankfulness I felt being surrounded by so many 15 strangers who took care of me.I don't know what would have happened without them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在泰国参加一个健康营地时突发疾病，呼吸困难，但在一些乐于助人的陌生人的帮助下作者被送往医院，并很快恢复健康。如果没有他们，不知道事情会怎样。 1．A.discomfort B．misfortune C．tiredness D．challenge 解析　A　句意：我想这可能是因为剧烈运动，所以没有理会这种不适。根据上文“After doing 2.5 hours of kickboxing，I began to cough.”可知，作者运动后咳嗽起来，即有了不适的感觉。 2．A.still B．also C．even D．ever 解析　C　句意：但在接下来的几个小时里，我开始呼吸困难，心跳加速。根据上文“I began to cough.”和“But over the next few hours”可知，几个小时后，作者甚至出现了呼吸困难。 3．A.beat B．race C．stop D．warm 解析　B　结合常识可知，人在呼吸困难时，心跳会加快。 4．A.recommending B．forcing C．introducing D．dragging 解析　D　句意：当我拖着自己的身体走到前台时，一位泰国女士看到了我，问我怎么了。根据上文“I started struggling to 2 breathe and my heart began to 3 ．”可知，作者当时的状态非常不好，所以应是拖着自己的身体到前台。 5．A.explain B．claim C．complain D．argue 解析　A　根据上文“asked what was wrong”可知，作者给女士解释自己的情况。 6．A.patient B．efficient C．confident D．innocent 解析　B　根据下文“She was on the phone within 10 seconds”可知，女人的效率很高，马上就打电话让人送作者去医院。 7．A.purchasing B．driving C．requesting D．stopping 解析　C　根据“a car to get me to a hospital.”并结合作者呼吸困难的情况可知，此处指女士要求一辆车送作者去医院。 8．A.assuring B．reminding C．persuading D．showing 解析　A　句意：另一位泰国妇女过来和我聊了几分钟，向我保证我在医院会没事的。根据“Another Thai woman came and talked to me for a few minutes”推知，另一位女士过来的目的是向作者保证作者会没事的。 9．A.Certainly B．Hopefully C．Obviously D．Thankfully 解析　D　根据“I was taken to a doctor's office.”可知，在女士的帮助下，作者终于到达医院，这是不幸中的万幸，因此“谢天谢地”符合语境。 10．A.turned to B．smiled at C．objected to D．stared at 解析　B　根据“The nurse couldn't speak English”和表示转折意义的but可知，护士虽然不会说英语但非常友好，一直对作者微笑。 11．A.saved B．marked C．deleted D．translated 解析　D　根据上文“The nurse couldn't speak English”可知，护士不会说英语，因此需要在手机上将泰文翻译成英文。 12．A.office B．home C．camp D．hospital 解析　C　根据上文“In 2019，I was staying at a fitness camp in Thailand.”可知，作者从医院出来后回了营地。 13．A.recovered B．escaped C．retired D．collapsed 解析　A　根据上文作者突发疾病，并被送往医院可知，此处指回到营地后的一周，作者恢复了。 14．A.surprise B．fear C．sorrow D．regret 解析　B　根据上文“I panicked and decided to get help.”可知，作者一开始非常害怕，陷入了恐惧。 15．A.humorous B．ambitious C．helpful D．trustful 解析　C　结合上文提到前台女士，医生、护士和营友们对作者的帮助和关心可知，在作者看来他们都是乐于助人的人。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$