必修第2册 Unit 1 Food for Thought（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2026年高考英语一轮复习（外研版）

[对应学生用书P462] Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2024·昆明“三诊一模”模拟)Almost no one knows the world of competitive climbing like Janja Garnbret，an Olympic gold medalist and eight­time world champion.Having risen to the top of the sport，the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the “cultural trap” in climbing.She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders. The problem is from an outdated idea that weighing less means you climb faster.Such a mindset has created an environment where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals，she says，sometimes to disastrous effect.Despite not having issues with eating disorders herself，she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors who have damaged their bodies in the pursuit of a thinner figure. “I have to recognize that weight does have some role to play in the sport，I also want to win，but I'm a strong believer that you can do climbing，or any sport，in a healthy way.Luckily I didn't fall into this trap，” she says. “I was trying hard to help them get out of it，but it didn't work.It was really hard for me to see them destroying themselves，mentally and physically.” It was experiences such as this that inspired Gambret to post a message on the social platform in July 2023 about eating disorders.The post sparked a huge response throughout the climbing community and attracted support from the likes of US rock climber Sasha DiGiulian. In her message，Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport(REDs)—a syndrome(综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained and/or undereaten for a long period in an attempt to improve their athletic performance，often without knowing the dangers of failing to compensate(补偿) for the energy they consume in training，racing and their daily lives.Left untreated，medical experts say REDs can damage an athlete's bone health，immune system，and psychological health，as well as his athletic performance. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了奥运会金牌得主和八届世界冠军Janja Garnbret利用自己的影响力提高人们对攀岩运动中“文化陷阱”和普遍的饮食紊乱问题的意识。 1．What does the “cultural trap” in the text refer to? A．The defeat of eating disorders. B．The pursuit of a thinner figure. C．The idea of keeping daily meals. D．The mindset of climbing to the top. 解析　B　推理判断题。 根据第一段中的“the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the ‘cultural trap’ in climbing...eating disorders”可知，“文化陷阱”正在导致广泛传播的饮食紊乱问题。再根据第二段中的“The problem is...where young athletes start skipping or cutting down on meals，she says，sometimes to disastrous effect”“she is more than aware of friends and fellow competitors...in the pursuit of a thinner figure”可知，一种过时的观念认为体重越轻，攀登就越快。这种心态导致年轻运动员开始不吃或少吃，这有时会产生灾难性的影响。Janja Garnbret非常清楚一些朋友和竞争对手为了追求更苗条的身材而损害了自己的身体。由此可推知，“文化陷阱”指的是追求更苗条的身材，故选B。 2．Why did Garnbret decide to post the message on the social platform? A．She used to fall into the cultural trap. B．Her efforts to help dieters were in vain. C．Her achievements deserved to be shared. D．She wanted to receive support from DiGiulian. 解析　B　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I was trying hard to help them get out of it，but it didn't work...in July 2023 about eating disorders”可知，Gambret努力去帮助他们，但是一点作用都没有。她不忍心看到他们从精神和身体两个方面来伤害自己。类似的经历促使她在社交平台上发布了关于饮食紊乱的信息。由此可推知，Garnbret帮助饮食紊乱的人的努力失败促使她在社交平台上发布了消息。故选B。 3．What may lead to REDs according to the text? A．Severe mental problems. B．The habit of overeating. C．Over­exercise for a long time. D．The poor athletic performance. 解析　C　细节理解题。 根据第五段中的“In her message，Garnbret spoke about Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport(REDs)—a syndrome(综合征) that occurs when someone of any gender has overtrained...their daily lives”可知，运动中的相对能量不足是一种综合征，主要表现在一些人为了提高他们的运动表现，长期过度训练或饮食不足，他们往往不知道无法补偿他们在训练、比赛和日常生活中消耗的能量的危险。由此可知，长时间的过度训练可能会导致运动中的相对能量不足。故选C。 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Road to a World Champion B．Rising to Fame on Social Media C．The Challenge of Climbing with REDs D．Warning against Cultural Trap in Climbing 解析　D　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Having risen to the top of the sport，the Slovenian now is using her platform to raise awareness of the ‘cultural trap’ in climbing.She says it is contributing to a widespread issue with eating disorders”可知，文章主要讲述的是Janja Garnbret利用自己的影响力，通过社交平台发布信息，提醒人们关注攀岩运动中的“文化陷阱”，即过度追求苗条的身材而导致饮食紊乱的问题。故D项“对攀登文化陷阱的警告”适合作本文标题。 B (2024·石家庄教学质检)Sensory­based food education given to 3—5 year­old children in the kindergarten increases their willingness to choose vegetables and fruit，according to a new study from the University of Eastern Finland. The researchers used the sensory­based food education method Sapere，which makes use of children's natural way of relying on all of the five senses when learning new things.In the Sapere method，children are given an active role around food，and they are encouraged to share their sensory experiences.For example，kindergartens can introduce different vegetables and fruit to children in hands­on sessions，they can involve children in baking and cooking，and they can offer children opportunities for growing their own vegetables in the kindergarten backyard.Food­related themes can also be included in books and games. “There are several different ways to do this.However，it always starts from sensory­based learning and child engagement.Doing and experiencing things together is also an important aspect，” says Kaisa Kahkonen，a researcher and nutritionist from the University of Eastern Finland. The researchers compared children in different kindergarten groups.Some were offered sensory­based food education，while others weren't.Children were offered a snack buffet containing different vegetables and fruit to choose from，and the researchers took photos of their plates to analyse their willingness to choose and eat these food items. The findings show that sensory­based food education increased children's willingness to choose vegetables and fruit，especially among children whose mothers have a lower educational background.On average，children of lower educated parents tend to eat less vegetables and fruit.This is how food education given in the kindergarten can help even out the dietary gap between families. “Another interesting finding is that the Sapere food education method also seems to improve the eating atmosphere in kindergarten groups.This encouraged children who were picky eaters to choose a more diverse selection on their plate，” Kahkonen explains. Positive and personal food­related experiences gained in the kindergarten can help adjust dietary preferences in a direction that is beneficial for health.Dietary preferences learned in early childhood often stick with a person all the way to adolescence and adulthood. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，幼儿园里针对3～5岁孩子的基于感官的食物教育可以提高其选择蔬果的意愿。研究人员采用基于感官的食物教育方法Sapere，这一方法通过实践活动与五感学习有效促进健康饮食习惯的形成。 5．What can we know about the Sapere method? A．It improves kids' five senses. B．It enables kids to read more books. C．It supplies various healthy food to kids. D．It involves kids in active food­related activities. 解析　D　细节理解题。 根据第二段的“In the Sapere method，children are given an active role around food...Food­related themes can also be included in books and games”可知，在Sapere方法中，孩子们在食物周围扮演着积极的角色，他们被鼓励分享他们的感官体验，即这一方法让孩子们积极参与与食物有关的活动，故选D。 6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The research purpose. B．The research process. C．The research findings. D．The research evaluation. 解析　B　段落大意题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究人员比较了不同幼儿园组的孩子，一些孩子接受了基于感官的食物教育，另一些孩子没有接受。研究人员为孩子们提供了一份包含不同蔬果的自助餐，他们对孩子的盘子拍照以分析孩子选择和食用这些食物的意愿。由此可知，本段详细介绍了研究的具体过程，故选B。 7．What does the underlined part “even out” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A．Narrow. B．Identify. C．Analyze. D．Examine. 解析　A　词义猜测题。画线短语前讲研究结果表明，基于感官的食物教育提高了孩子选择蔬果的意愿，尤其是在母亲教育背景较低的孩子中，平均而言，父母受教育程度较低的孩子往往吃较少的蔬果。所以幼儿园的食物教育可以帮助缩小不同家庭间孩子在饮食习惯上的差异。故画线短语的意思与A项最为接近。此处narrow作动词，意为“缩小”。 8．What might be the best title for the text? A．Benefits of Eating Fruit and Vegetables B．Differences in Family's Dietary Preferences C．Necessity for Kids to Form Learning Habits D．New Method to Promote Kids' Healthy Eating 解析　D　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段和第二段的“The researchers used the sensory­based food education method Sapere”可知，本文主要介绍了一项新的研究，即基于感官的食物教育方法Sapere可以提高3～5岁孩子选择蔬果的意愿，从而促进孩子健康饮食。所以“一种促进孩子健康饮食的新方法”适合作本文的标题。故选D。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (2024·吉林三模)Kim Stemple，a special education teacher，faced terrible diseases during her stay in a Boston hospital.While 1 with depression in her hospital room，Stemple received an unexpected present from a friend: a medal. Before Stemple got too sick to 2 ，she had been a marathon runner and the medal brought back her racing memories.It served as a much­needed pick­me­up， 3 her of the strength and perseverance she once possessed. 4 ，it worked like a charm，and then some， 5 her spirits and renewing her determination. Inspired by this life­changing 6 ，Stemple began to think about how such a simple act could bring hope to others going through 7 times.And from this 8 of inspiration，her charity，We Finish Together，was born.This initiative 9 medals from strangers—runners，dancers，swimmers，singers，and even spelling bee winners—and donated them to individuals in need. Part of the process 10 the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon，giving the recipient a unique 11 to someone who cares.Indeed，for those who were 12 in hospitals and battling health challenges，being presented with a medal and reading the warm 13 really made a big difference.It 14 a reminder that they were not 15 in their struggles and that there was always support available to them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。Stemple身患疾病，在医院与抑郁症作斗争的时候，一枚奖牌让她振作起来。受此启发，Stemple成立了自己的慈善组织We Finish Together，她收集奖牌，并让捐赠者在丝带上写上暖心话语，以便让受捐者从中感受到鼓舞和力量。 1．A.wrestling B．competing C．quarreling D．parting 解析　A　根据上文中的“Kim Stemple，a special education teacher，faced terrible diseases”可知，Kim Stemple身患疾病，正在医院的病房里和抑郁症作斗争。wrestle with“全力解决，努力对付”；compete with“与……竞争”；quarrel with“不同意”；part with“放弃，交出(尤指不舍得的东西)”。 2．A.live B．heal C．exercise D．recover 解析　C　根据下文中的“she had been a marathon runner...the strength and perseverance she once possessed”和空前的“sick”可知，她病得太重了，以至于无法锻炼(exercise)。heal“康复”；recover“痊愈，恢复健康”。 3．A.cheating B．clearing C．breaking D．reminding 解析　D　根据上文中的“the medal brought back her racing memories”可知，奖牌让她想起(reminding)她曾经拥有的力量和毅力。cheat“欺骗，作弊”；clear“清除，(使)变清醒”。 4．A.Casually B．Desperately C．Temporarily D．Surprisingly 解析　D　上文讲Kim Stemple正在医院的病房里和抑郁症作斗争。结合下文中的“it worked like a charm”可知，这块奖牌出乎意料地(surprisingly)非常有效。casually“漫不经心地”；desperately“绝望地，拼命地，不顾一切地”；temporarily“暂时地”。 5．A.explaining B．lifting C．discovering D．absorbing 解析　B　根据上文中的“it worked like a charm”和空后的“renewing her determination”可知，这块奖牌让Stemple精神振作。lift sb's spirits“振奋某人的情绪”为固定搭配。absorb“理解，掌握，承受，承担”。 6．A.season B．plan C．experience D．solution 解析　C　空处是对上文Stemple经历的总结。结合下文Stemple采取的行动可知，这是一次改变人生的经历(experience)。solution“解决办法”。 7．A.common B．tough C．pointless D．dangerous 解析　B　此处呼应上文中的“faced terrible diseases...depression”。Stemple从自己的经历中感悟到一个小小的举动可以给正在经历艰难时刻的人带去希望。tough“艰苦的，艰难的”；pointless“无意义的，无目标的”。 8．A.race B．game C．secret D．seed 解析　D　根据上文中的“Inspired by this life­changing 6 ，Stemple began to think about how...times”，以及下文中的“her charity，We Finish Together，was born”可知，这颗灵感的种子(seed)促使她成立了自己的慈善组织We Finish Together。 9．A.collected B．assessed C．borrowed D．bought 解析　A　上文中讲到了Stemple在奖牌的激励下振作了起来。由此可以推断，她的慈善组织也在做类似的事情，即用奖牌让病人振作起来。结合下文中的“and donated them to individuals in need”和“the donor”可知，在赠送奖牌之前，Stemple首先需要收集(collected)奖牌。assess“评估，评定”。 10．A.promoted B．insisted C．involved D．shaped 解析　C　空前讲“Part of the process”(流程的一部分)，空后讲“the donor writing a personalized note on the ribbon”(捐赠者在丝带上写上个性化的留言)。由此可见，这是流程中包含的活动。promote“促进，晋升，促销”；insist“坚决要求，坚持”；shape“决定……的形成，影响……的发展”。 11．A.connection B．barrier C．division D．conflict 解析　A　根据本文最后一句“there was always support available to them”可知，捐赠者和受捐赠者之间可以通过奖牌建立联系(connection)。barrier“障碍，壁垒，障碍物”；division“分歧”；conflict“争执，争论”。 12．A.trained B．stuck C．operated D．warned 解析　B　根据下文中的“battling health challenges”可知，此处表示被困(stuck)在医院和病魔作斗争的人们。 13．A.document B．message C．receipt D．gift 解析　B　根据上文中的“writing a personalized note on the ribbon”可知，收到奖牌的病人可以读到暖心的信息(message)。document“文件，公文，文献；记录”；receipt“发票，收据”。 14．A.threw away B．put down C．acted as D．dropped out 解析　C　此处呼应上文中的“It served as a much­needed pick­me­up”，表示奖牌充当(acted as)了一个提醒物。throw away“扔掉，浪费”；put down“写下，(用笔等)记下”；act as“充当，担任”；drop out“辍学”。 15．A.shy B．weak C．tired D．alone 解析　D　根据空后的并列同位语从句“that there was always support available to them”可知，奖牌可以提醒病人他们不是一个人(alone)在战斗。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$