UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2024）

UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION 。carry on继续做，坚持干 。signal以.&vi.标志着：标明；发信号 n.信号：标志 carry on with (doing)sth 继续（做）某事（相当于goon) ①signal(to)sb to do sth示意某人做某事 carry out 执行：实施 signal(sb)that… 示意（某人）… We carry on doing a lot of exercises after ②traffic signals 交通信号灯 finishing the homework. send out a signal 发出信号 完成家庭作业后我们继续做大量的练习。 The bird's singing served as a signal of the [融会练通]—单句语法填空 arrival of spring.鸟儿的歌声是春天到来的信号。 (1)Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi,the girl was determined to carry with her [融会练通]一 单句语法填空 good work. (1)She (signal)that she was (2)First of all,the most important thing is to set a about to turn left, goal,work out a plan and carry (2)The policeman signalled the driver your plan step by step. (stop)his car by raising his hand. [习作练笔]一词汇升级 [习作练笔]一补全句子 (3)If you continue working like that,you will (3)正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的 break down sooner or later..(升级加黑词汇) 结束。 The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day ⑦（教材Pi)n2o22,the launch of the Mengtian of the first lunar month, module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station..2022年，梦天实验舱的 成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。 友情提示完成P1w要点自查（七） SectionⅢ Discovering Useful Structures 语法慧学提升语言能力 答案精解Pm 动词不定式作定语和状语 planets that are suitable enough 探究发现 (support)life. l.(教材Po)Today,scientists design vehicles 3.(教材P,)Om23July2o20,China sent Tianwen1 (explore)the surface of Mars. carry astronauts into space 4.Thanks to your encouragement,I finally got (make)important discoveries. the chance (face)the challenge. 2.(教材Pn)Space exploration has come a long 5.My ambition is (work)for a firm that way,and we now hope to discover other develops computer software when I grow up. ·79· 英语必修第三册同步导学案 [自我感知] The little boy pretended to be reading the book 1.句1、2、3为动词不定式作 when his teacher entered the classroom. 2.句4为动词不定式作 当他的老师走进教室时小男孩假装正在读书。 3.句5为动词不定式作 [即时训练1]一单句语法填空 要义详析 (invite) >>2 (1)I am really honoured to attend this global meeting. 一、动词不定式的特征与构成 (2) (finish)the task on time,we 动词不定式由“to十动词原形”构成。这里 worked day and night. 的to是不定式标志，无意义，有时可省略。其否 (3)I want to have a separate room 定形式为“ot十动词不定式”。不定式既有名 (live)in. 词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的 (4)Do you have the ability (read) 时态和语态的特点及作用。动词不定式在句中可 and write English? 以作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。 以do为例，动词不定式的时态和语态构成如下： 二、动词不定式作定语 主动语态 被动语态 意义 L.动词不定式常常放在抽象名词attempt,ability, courage,chance,desire,determination,decision. 表示动作与谓语 动作同时发生或 effort,plan,way或不定代词something,nothing 般时 to do to be done 发生在谓语动作 等后面作后置定语。 之后 We must have the courage to face the challenge. 我们必须有面对挑战的勇气。 to have been 表示动作发生在 完成时 to have done done 谓语动作之前 Do you have anything to say? 你有什么要说的吗？ 表示谓语动作发 2.动词不定式常用来修饰被序数词、最高级或 进行时 to be doing 生时，不定式的 no,all,any等限定的中心词。 动作正在进行 They are always the first to bear hardships. 表示动作发生在 the last to enjoy comforts. 谓语动作之前且 完成 to have been 一直持续到谓语 他们总是吃苦在前，享乐在后。 进行时 doing 动作发生时仍在 It is recognized that he is the best man to do 进行 the job..人们公认他是做这项工作的最佳人选 My father has decided to cut out smoking. 3.构成动词不定式的动词与被修饰词之间的关系 我父亲已经决定戒烟了。 (1)主谓关系：被修饰词是动词不定式动作的 The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great 发出者。此时的动词不定式在意义上相当于 importance..明天要举行的会议很重要。 一个定语从句。 I'm very sorry to have kept you sitting around We need someone to help with the work. doing nothing. We need someone that can help with the 让你一直无所事事闲坐着，我感到很抱歉。 wOrk,我们需要有人来帮忙做这项工作。 ·80 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION (2)动宾关系：被修饰词是动词不定式动作的 book之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，且句子中无 承受者。 动词不定式的逻辑主语) There are many interesting things to see (3)修饰关系：动词不定式对所修饰的词起到 there.那里有许多有趣的东西可以看。 补充、说明的作用。这些被修饰词一般为 【特别注意】 wish,way,chance,ability,decision,attempt, ①不定式为不及物动词时，所修饰的名词如果 reason等。 是地点、工具等，应有必要的介词。如果不定 You should grasp the ability to solve the 式修饰time/place/way可以省略介词。 complex problems. He found a good house to live in. 你应该掌握解决复杂问题的能力。 他找到了一个适宜居住的好房子。 There are varieties of ways to make others The child has nothing to worry about. laugh.有很多方法逗人们笑。 [提示]动词不定式作定语有时也表示一种将 这个孩子无忧无虑。 来的动作。 He has no place to live.他无处安身。 We are invited to a party to be held in our ②如果不定式所修饰的名词是不定式动作的 club next Friday..我们受邀参加下周五在我们 承受者，不定式可用主动式也可用被动式，但 俱乐部举办的派对。 含义有所不同。 [即时训练2]一单句语法填空 Have you got anything to send? (1)(2024·新课标I)In the race 你要送什么东西吗？(send的发出者是you) (document)the species on Earth before they Have you got anything to be sent?你有什么 go extinct,researchers and citizen scientists 东西需要送吗？(send的发出者是其他人) have collected billions of records. ③动词不定式和所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上 (2)He is so determined a boy that he must have 的动宾关系，并且句子中有名词或代词可以充 enough courage (overcome) 当该动词不定式的逻辑主语时，要用动词不定 the difficulty. 式的主动形式表达被动含义：若句子中没有名 (3)The airport complete)next 词或代词可以充当该动词不定式的逻辑主语 year will help promote tourism in this area. 时，则用动词不定式的被动形式。 (4)The ability (express)an idea is There are five pairs to choose from,but I'm as important as the idea itself. at a loss which to buy..有五双可以选择，但是 三、动词不定式作状语 我不知道该买哪一个。(choose from与pairs (1)不定式作原因状语，多用在某些表示“喜、怒、 之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，to choose from的 哀、乐”等的形容词后。 逻辑主语是I) I'm very glad to be invited to attend the His first book to be published next month is meeting..我很高兴被邀请参加这个会议 based on a true story.他下个月将要出版的第 (2)不定式作目的状语，可与so as to/in order to 一本书是根据真实故事改编的。(publish与替换，但so as to一般不可置于句首。 ·81 英语必修第三册同步导学案 To/In order to catch the early bus,I got up 跟踪检测 early this morning. I got up early this morning to/in order to 'so as 1.单句语法填空 to catch the early bus. 1.It is important (know)the body 为了赶早班车，我今天早上起得很早。 language of the country you will visit to avoid (3)动词不定式作结果状语，常表示“令人意想不 misunderstanding. 到”的结果。动词不定式前有时可以加上only或 2.It's no use (complain).and you but only,以加强语气。 should take action to avoid greater loss. I went to see him,only to learn that he had 3.One of his ambitions when he was young was left the city the night before. (become)a famous lawyer. 我去看他，却得知他已经在前夜离开了这个城市。 4.I was surprised (see)that a three [提示]动词不定式作结果状语，常用于一些特定 year-old child could write so well. 的结构中： 5.The building (build)next month t00…t0d0…太…而不能做… will be our teaching building. s0such…ast0do…如此…以至于做… 6.The manager asked Robert (take) …enough to d0足够…做… charge of the big project though he was not She is so proud as to look down upon others. experienced. 她如此骄做以至于看不起别人。 7.When you go to a foreign country,you will We are not old enough to vote and to be voted. spend some time (recover)from 我们太小还不能选举和被选举。 culture shock. [即时训练3]一单句语法填空 8.The great inventor made it possible for everyone (1)(2024·新课标I)These sepals(萼片)open (use)the new technology,not on warm days (give)the inside just universities and the army. plants sunshine and fresh air. (2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Those cultural elements 91 (see)is to believe.I won't believe have increased Stratford's international visibility, it until I see it with my own eyes. said Edmondson,adding that visitors walking 10.My decision is (set)up my own through the Birthplace Garden were often website after graduation from university. amazed (find)the connection 11.The people came to the restaurant after between the two great writers. work,only (find)that it was (3)The old man sat in front of the television being decorated. every evening,happy (watch) 12.It is difficult for us (imagine）his anything that happened to be on. accepting the decision without any consideration. (4)George returned after the war,only 13.Once his message was delivered,he allowed (tell)that his wife had left him. me (stay)and watch. ·82 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION 14.A lack of concentration seriously affects their →Mrs Yang her third ability (study)and thus their book about teenagers. test results. 3.Bob was so frightened that he didn't say a 15.Do you know who is the first person word before so many people →Bob was a word (climb)the tallest mountain in before so many people. the world? 4.It seems that the guide is talking with some Ⅱ.句型转换 guests from the United States. 1.It is time that we took measures to improve air →The guide some quality. guests from the United States. →It is time for us measures to 5.The workers spent more than three years improve air quality completing the high-speed railway. 2.It is said that Mrs Yang has finished her third -It took the workers more than three years book about teenagers the high-speed railway. 语基输入 助力语言输出 答案精解Pm 1(P)In space,astronauts collect all dirty 2Our school organized a 5km cross-country water s0 s to recycle it for later use..在太空中，字 running race last Sunday 航员收集所有的脏水，以便将来回收利用。 。s0st0为了…：以便… Our school organized a 5km cross-country ①in order to“为了…”，既可以置于句首， running race last Sunday 又可置于句中： ②s0ast0“为了…”，只可置于句中，不可 2(教材Pa)Astronauts'bones and muscles can 置于句首： get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity, ③in order that“为了…”，引导目的状语 so they need to exercise every day,which will 从句，从句中的谓语动词前常带may, help them stay healthy. might,can,could等情态动词。 由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中 We rushed through the last few design drawings 会变得非常脆弱，所以他们需要每天锻炼，这将 so as to go home early.我们赶紧把最后几份设 有助于他们保持健康。 计图纸完成以便早点回家。 。lack n.缺乏：短缺l.没有：缺乏 [习作练笔]一一句多译 为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日 ①for lack of 由于缺乏… 组织了一次5千米的越野跑比赛。 (a)lack of 缺少… ① ②lacking adj,短缺的：缺乏的 school organized a 5km cross-country running be lacking in sth 缺少某物 race last Sunday. ·83 英语必修第三册同步导学案 They lack physical exercise and the skill to (2)Work hard, you will find it communicate with their friends face to face. hard to adapt to life in the future. 他们缺乏体能锻炼和面对面与朋友交际的能力。 (3)这个孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘地站在路边 [融会练通]一单句语法填空 要饭，否则他就会饿死 (1)More and more high-rise buildings have been the child stood built in big cities lack of space. near the road and begged for a meal,otherwise (2)Though (lack)money.his he parents managed to send him to a university. ④（教材Pe)For example,using current technology, (3)Hit by lack of fresh air,my it would take over two years to get to the closest head ached. planet,Mars,and back, [习作练笔]—补全句子 例如，使用当前的技术，到达最近的行星一火 (4)由于缺乏烹饪经验，这对双胞胎把厨房弄得 星后再返回将需要花费两年多的时间。 乱七八糟。 ① the O句型：It takes/took sb some time to do sth.做 twins made the kitchen in a mess.(lack n.) 某事花费某人多长时间。 ②Because DIt takes/took sb some time to do sth. the twins made the kitchen in a mess.(lack v.) 做某事花费某人多长时间。 ③Because sb spends...on sth,in doing sth the twins made the kitchen in a mess.(lacking) =sth costs sb… 3(教材Pe)Astronauts have to use tape to stick =sb pays…for sth某人为某物花费… everything down while working in space because everything would float off otherwise. It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school 宇航员在太空工作时必须用胶带把所有东西粘 down a dusty track covered in weeds. 在一起，否则所有东西都会飘走。 沿着布满杂草的尘土飞扬的小路，我只花了几 otherwise adv.否则：要不然 分钟就走到了学校。 otherwise or有时表示一种含蓄的虚拟 [习作练笔]—补全句子句型转换 条件，此时其后的句子要用虚拟语气。 (1)就我而言，任何人要熟悉一个新地方都需要 时间。 We didn't know you were in trouble at that As far as I'm concerned, time,otherwise we would have given you a hand. familiar with a new place. 我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会 (2)To understand the meaning of the painting 帮助你的。 by Picasso takes me quite a long time. [融会练通]一一单句语法填空 (1)The workers were not better organized, otherwise they (finish)the task in half the time. 友情提示完成P6课时作业（八） 846.make life more convenient and comfortable (8)for (9)(should)be given 7.come true 8.be widely used (10)Dhas a desire for success desires to succeed 9.return to earth 10.be in favour of 6.(1)on (2)out (3)carry on ()1.are interested in the space exploration 7.(1)signalled (2)to stop 2.become an astronaut in the future (3)signaling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations 3.get a related college degree Section II Discovering Useful Structures 4.keep mental and physical health 5.the first man in China to go into space 语法慧学·提升语宫能力 6.realized our dream to explore space 探究发现 听力原文： 1.to carry;to make 2.to support 3.to explore W:I am more than delighted to know you are interested in the 4.to face 5.to work space exploration. 自我感知 M:Indeed.I'd like to become an astronaut in the future. 1.状语2.定语3.表语 W:Sounds good.To become an astronaut,you need to satisfy 要义详析 the requirements of a qualified astronaut. [即时训练] M:Yes.First of all,I should study hard to get a related college 1.(1)to be invited (2)To finish (3)to live (4)to read degree.Besides.I must take exercise every day to keep 2.(1)to document (2)to overcome (3)to be completed mental and physical health. (4)to express W:Exactly.Have you heard Yang Liwei.who is the first man in China to go into space,went through lots of mental and 3.(1)to give (2)to find (3)to watch (4)to be told physical training? 跟踪检测 M:Of course.He is really a hero.He realized our dream to I,单句语法填空 explore space. 1.to know 2.complaining 3.to become 4.to see 语基输入·助力语言输出 5.to be built 6.to take 7.recovering 8.to use 9.To see 1.(1)mentally (2)physical and mental health 10.to set 11.to find 12.to imagine 13.to stay 2.(1)intelligence (2)intelligent 14.to study 15.to elimb Ⅱ.句型转换 Section II Reading and Thinking 1.to take 2.is said to have finished 3.too frightened to say 课文研读·发展思维品质 4.seems to be talking with 5.to complete Step One I.A 语基输入·助力语言输出 II.1.desire 2.Accidents 3.achievements 4.future 5.bright 1.DIn order to enrich our campus life Step Twe 1~4 BCDA 2in order to:so as to enrich our campus life Step Three I.1.定语：定语2003年，杨利伟搭乘“神舟五 3so that in order that we could enrich our campus life 号”飞船成功环绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为世界上第三个独立 2.(1)for (2)lacking (3)a (4)DFor lack of cooking experience 将人类送人太空的国家。 2they lacked cooking experience 2.状语：后置定语之后，“神舟六号”和“神舟七号”分别完成 3they were lacking in cooking experience 了第二次载人环绕地球飞行和中国人的第一次太空漫步。紧 3.(1)would have finished (2)otherwise/or 接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。 (3)Penniless and starving:would starve to death 3.状语：定语尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能做出更多有价 4.(1)it takes time for anyone to get (2)It takes me quite a 值的发现让我们延续生存，直到未来。 long time to understand the meaning of the painting by Picasso. II.1.travelling 2.with 3.to explore 4.was launched Section N Listening and Talking 5.AlthoughThough 6.disappointed 7.carrying Reading for Writing 8.independently 9.a 10.discoveries 语基输入·助力语言输出 课文研读·发展思维品质 1.(1)to become (2)determination I.1.A (3)Dwere determined to prepare 2.Para.1:Different opinions about space exploration. 2determined to prepare determined on/upon preparing Para.2:Exploring space has already made a difference in the 2.launched a campaign fight against world hunger. 3.①went on board a plane②went aboard&plane Para.3:Space exploration has already promoted technological 4.Din the hope of arguing you improvements that benefit us all. in the hope that I can argue you Para.4:Sending astronauts into space has helped people to 5.(1)而(2)当…时(3)尽管 think about the world's problems and even to find (4)While travelling can broaden your mind ways to solve them. (5)Disappointed (6)disappointing:disappointed Para.5:Exploring space provides the world with many different (7)To my great disappointment 2was very disappointed that benefits.so it should continue. What disappointed me most:What made me most disappointed Ⅱ.12AD ·180