UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2024）

英语必修第三册同步导学案 SectionⅢ Discovering Useful Structures 语法慧学提升语言能力 答案精解P .ing形式作宾语补足语和状语 I saw the little boy crying there. 探究发现 我看到小男孩在那儿哭。 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 2.表示指使意义的使役动词（常见的有have,let, L.(教材Pis)“…Finding a good husband should keep,get,leave等)十sb/sth十doing sth(作宾补)。 be their final goal!"her brother complained, We kept the fire burning all night long. (think)of the high tuition fees. 我们让火整夜燃烧者。 2.(教材P) (think)of all the people I won't have you running about in the room. still in need of help,Dr Lin opened a private clinic. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。 3.(教材P,)The new People's Republic of China [提示]使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表 saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi (play)a key role. 示“让…一直做某事”；接不带t0的不定式作 4.(教材Pm)He crashed into the stone, 宾语补足语，表示“让某人做某事”：接过去分 (spill)the milk everywhere. 词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使 5.(教材Po)The king watched all day as many 完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。 people complained about the stone,but he found Be careful,or you'll have your hands hurt. nobody (make)an attempt to 当心，否则你会弄伤手的。 move it. 3.用于with复合结构中。 [自我感知] I couldn't do my homework with the noise 1.句 为v.-ing形式作状语。 going on.由于噪音不断，我没法做家庭作业。 2.句 为u.ing形式作宾语补足语。 With so many people looking at her,she felt nervous..这么多人看若她，她感到紧张。 要义详析 >>》 [即时训练1]一单句语法填空 一、现在分词（短语）作宾语补足语 (1)When I passed by his office,I heard him 现在分词（短语）作宾语补足语时，表示正在 (sing)a Chinese song. 进行的动作或经常存在的状态。现在分词（短 (2)With so many people (focus) 语)常作以下动词（短语）的宾语补足语」 on him,he felt very nervous. 1,表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词（短语）（常见 (3)A balanced diet is very important because we see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe, need enough energy to keep our body look at,listen to等)十sb十doing sth(作宾补)。 (function)well. I felt somebody standing behind me. (4)He had the walls (paint)this 我感觉有人站在我后面。 morning. ·36 UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 二、现在分词（短语）作状语 He was caught in the rain,thus making (一)现在分词（短语）作状语的用法 himself catch a cold.他被雨淋了，因而感冒了。 现在分词（短语）在句中作状语用来修饰谓 I hurried to school,only to find it was Sunday. 语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、 我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。 条件、结果、方式、让步或伴随状况。 5.作让步、方式和伴随状语 1.作时间状语（相当于一个时间状语从句） 现在分词（短语）作让步、方式和伴随状语 Walking in the park,she saw an old friend. 时，说明动作发生的背景和情况。作伴随状语 When/While (she was)walking in the park, 时，表示分词的动作和主句的动作同时发生， she saw an old friend..当她在公园里散步时， 此时它可转换成并列句。 她看到了她的一个老朋友。 Mary sat by the window of the classroom, [提示]当表示正在进行的动作时，可直接在分 reading a book 词前面加上when或while,此时也可理解为状 -Mary sat by the window of the classroom 语从句的省略。 and was reading a book. 2.作原因状语（一般可转换成由as或because引 玛丽坐在教室的窗边读一本书。 导的原因状语从句) [提示]为强调现在分词表达的意义，可在其前 Being ill,he couldn't go to school. 加上各种连词。例如，加上when,while,强调 -As he was ill,he couldn't go to school. 与谓语动词同时发生；加上before,after,强调 因为生病了，他无法去上学。 动作先后发生；加上thus,强调结果：加上 3.作条件状语（一般放在句首，其前可以加f, (al)though,强调让步等。 unless等连词) Though knowing all this,they made me pay Working hard,you'll make great progress. for the damage,尽管他们了解这一切，但还是 -If you work hard,you'll make great progress. 让我赔偿损失。 如果你努力工作，你将取得很大进步。 [即时训练2]一单句语法填空 4,作结果状语 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ) (recall) 现在分词（短语）作结果状语时，通常放在 watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's 句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意 play Richard I in Shanghai and meeting 料之中的结果。 Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few The plate dropped from her hands,breaking years ago to perform parts of The Peony into pieces. Pavilion,Edmondson said,"It was very 盘子从她手中掉了下来，摔成了碎片。 exciting to hear the Chinese language and [提示]现在分词（短语）作结果状语，是随着谓 see how Tang's play was being performed. 语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语 (2) (use)a stick,the painter drew 往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况，有时前面 a picture on the ground in ten minutes. 可以加thu5。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出 (3)》 (be)ill for a long time,he 乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加oly。试比较： needed time to recover. ·37 英语必修第三册同步导学案 (4)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom Having finished his homework,he went to windows, (make)air conditioning bed.(现在分词的主动式) unnecessary. 完成了作业后，他上床睡觉。 (二)现在分词（短语）作状语的注意事项 Having tried many times,he still couldn't 1.现在分词的时态 overcome his difficulties.(现在分词的主动式) 现在分词（短语）作状语时，要注意分词的 尽管尝试了多次，但他仍未克服困难。 时间性，是用现在分词的一般式(doing),还是 [即时训练4门—一单句语法填空 用完成式(having done)。 (1) (spend)all his money,the boy (1)当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时 had to give his mother a call. 发生时，用分词的一般式。 (2) (tell)for several times,he still Walking along the street,I saw this bar. couldn't understand the rules. 我正在大街上行走时，看到了这个酒吧。(Walking (3) (receive)his reply,she rang 和谓语动词saw同时发生) him up. (2)当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的 (4) (ask)to work overtime that 动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。 evening,I missed a wonderful film. Having finished the letter,he went to post it. 3.现在分词的否定式：not十u.-ing;not having十 他写完信后就把它寄了出去。(Having finished v.-ed 是先发生的，went是后发生的) Not knowing what to do,the children had to [即时训练3]一单句语法填空 wait for their parents to come back.不知道要 (1) (try)many times,he still couldn't 做什么，孩子们只好等他们的父母回来。 figure out their link. (2) (work)for three hours,he took Not having made full preparations,we put off the sports meeting.因为没有做好充分的准 a rest. (3) (live)in Beijing for years,I 备，我们把运动会延期了。 almost know every place quite well. 4.独立主格 (4) (see)nobody at home,he 现在分词（短语）作状语，有时它也可以有 decided to leave them a note. 自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结 2.现在分词的语态 构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以 使用现在分词的主动式还是被动式，这主 表示时间、原因或条件。 要取决于现在分词和句子主语之间的关系。 The trees are extremely tall,some measuring 句子的主语就是分词的逻辑主语。 over 90 meters. Having been shown around the factory,they 那些树非常高，其中一些高达90多米。 were very happy.(现在分词的被动式) The weather being fine,we went out for a 被带领参观了工厂后，他们很高兴。 walk.由于天气好，我们去散步了。 ·38· UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES [即时训练5]一用现在分词（短语）的独立主格 7.Their car was caught in a traffic jam, 结构改写下列句子 (cause)them to be late. (1)If weather permits,we shall go there on foot. 8. (give)another five minutes,I we shall go can finish the work on time. there on foot. 9. (finish)the 800-meter race,he (2)After Mary came back,they discussed it together. was out of breath. they discussed 10.On the bank of the river,we found him it together. (lie)on a bench,with his eyes 5.现在分词（短语）作评注性状语 (fix)on a kite in the sky. 有些现在分词（短语）在句中没有逻辑主 Ⅱ.句型转换 语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整 1.If you work hard,you'll succeed in passing 个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如： generally speaking“一般来说”，judging by/ the exam. from“从…判断”，taking everything into you'll succeed in consideration“从全盘考虑”。 passing the exam. Judging from his behaviour,he must be 2.When they heard their teacher's voice,the mad.从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。 pupils stopped talking at once. the pupils 跟踪检测 stopped talking at once. I,单句语法填空 3.If we stand on the top of the hill,we can see 1.He forgot to turn on the radio, thus our beautiful school. (miss)the program. ，we can 2.The villagers saw the fire brightly see our beautiful school. in the distance.When they hurried there, 4.After/When he had finished his homework, they found some houses to the the boy was allowed to watch TV plays. ground already.(burn) the 3.Jackson stood in front of his son, boy was allowed to watch TV plays. (try)to control his anger. 4 (wander)along the street,Frederick 5.Because he didn't know how to work out the caught sight of a homeless dog. difficult physics problem,he asked the teacher 5.His parents got killed in the earthquake, for help. (leave)him an orphan. the 6. (compare)with many other women, difficult physics problem,he asked the teacher she leads a very happy life. for help. ·39· 英语必修第三册同步导学案 Ⅲ.语法与写作 4.由于很久没有收到儿子的来信，这位母亲很担心。 1.昨晚，几百万人通过电视观看了开幕式的现场直播。 for a long Last night,there were millions of people time,the mother worried a great deal. live on TV. 5.我们白天不应该开着灯。 2.如果转向左边，你将找到通向公园的小道。 We shouldn't you will find in the day. the path leading to the park. 6.安德鲁喜欢看窗外一列列驶过的火车。 3.这部电影他已看过两遍了，他不想去看了。 Andrew likes he from the window. didn't want to go to the cinema. 语基输入 助力语言输出 答案精解P 1(Ps)I saw her whispering something into his 2(教材Pa)Despite the difficult situation,Dr ear,obviously not wanting to be heard. Bethune did whatever he could to assist the 我看见她对他耳语了儿句，显然不想被人听见。 Chinese people,.尽管情况困难，白求恩大夫还是 whisper vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语：低语 尽其所能帮助中国人民。 n.耳语（声）：低语（声）：传言：谣传 O句型：whatever引导名词性从句 ①whisper sth to sb 把某事悄悄告诉某人 ①whatever,.whichever,who(m)ever既可 whisper sth in/into one's ear 引导让步状语从句，又可引导名词性 在某人耳旁小声说某事 从句： It is/was whispered that... 2no matter what,no matter which,no 有人私下说…；据秘密传闻… matter who(m)只引导让步状语从句。 2in whispers/a whisper 低声地 He always participated to the best of his ability It is whispered that he is heavily in debt,so I in whatever they were doing. think he can't pay for a new house. 无论他们做什么，他总是尽全力参与。 据说他负债累累，所以我认为他买不起新房子。 [融会练通]一单句语法填空 [习作练笔]一补全句子 (1)He promised to give a great reward to (1)在婚礼上，杰克低声对她说话，以免别人听到。 found the watch. In the wedding ceremony,Jack [习作练笔] 一一句多译 so that no one else could hear. (2)无论你选哪一条路，它都通向车站。 (2)因为他总是小声说话，所以有时很难听清楚 ① it will lead you 他在说什么。 to the station. He always talks so it's ② it will lead you sometimes difficult to hear what he's saying. to the station. ·40· UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES assist vt.帮助；援助 we have made a great deal of progress in our studies. ①assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事 3(教材Pa)After Dr Bethune's death,Chairman assist sb in/with sth 在某方面帮助某人 assist sb in doing sth 帮助某人做某事 Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him. 白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章 ②assistance n.帮助；协助 come to one's assistance 援助某人 纪念他。 with the assistance/help of在…的帮助下 in memory of作为对…的纪念 ③assistant n.助手，助理 in praise of 赞美，歌颂 Luckily,Mark will assist me to arrange an in honour of 纪念；向…表示敬意 important meeting. in search of 寻找 幸运的是，马克会帮我安排一个重要的会议。 in charge of 负责：草管 [融会练通]一单句语法填空 She set up an educational fund in memory of her (3)We're looking for volunteers who would be parents. willing to assist us the group's work. 她成立了一个教育基金会来纪念她的父母。 (4)With the (assist)of his teacher, [习作练笔]一补全句子 the boy gradually adjusted to the new school life. (1)Can you tell me who is (负 (5)You'd better ask the shop 责)the whole company? (assist)to reduce the price. (2)He went to the city (寻 [习作练笔]—补全句子 求)a better life.. (6)每当我们有困难时，我们的班主任都会来帮 助我们。因此，在他的帮助下，我们在学习上取 (3)People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival 得了很大的进步。 (纪念)Qu Yuan, Whenever we are in trouble,our headteacher who was a famous Chinese poet. will Therefore, 友情提示完成Ps6课时作业（四） Section I Listening and Talking Reading for Writing 请完成Ps默写练习（四）、教材原文助读见分册本 课文研读发展思维品质 答案精解P I,文本整体理解：提取语篇关键要素 Ⅱ.文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节信息 What does the fable tell us? 1.What can you infer from the fable? A.The king regretted for what he had done. B.The girl and the king found the owner of the coins. ·413.让步状语;状语 虽然林巧稚终身未婚,但她被称为“万婴之 4. Having finished his homework 母”,一生中亲手接生了5万多名婴儿。 5. Not knowing how to work out II. 1. which 2. later 3. a 4. was sent 5. on 6. to be appointed II.语法与写作 7. riding 8. more interested 9. and 10. savings I. watching the opening ceremony 2. Turning to the left 语基输入·助力语言输出 3. Having already seen the film twice 1. (1)happier (2)too (3)①is the most important thing 4. Not having heard from her son ②nothing is more important than health (4)with; to 5. keep our lights burning 6. watching the trains going by 2.(1)on (2)out (3)carried her through 语基输入·助力语言输出 3.(1)have been (2)in (3)the majority of 1.(1)whispered to her (2)in a whisper/in whispers 4.(1)about (2)complaints 2. (1)whoever (3)make a complaint about the computer (2)①Whichever road you take ②No matter which road you take (3)in/with (4)assistance (5)assistant 5.(1)to (2)①made no response to ②didn't respond to (6) come to our assistance; with the assistance of him 6.(1)into (2)rejection (2)to express 7.(1)to receive 3.(1)in charge of (2)in search of (3)became the first woman to be hired (4)appointed (3)in memory of/in honour of (5)appointment (6)appointed him to pick up Section V Listening and Talking & 8.(1)was elected (2)election Reading for Writing 9. (1)to/towards (2)tendency (3)tended (to) 课文研读·发展思维品质 10.(1)from (2)retired (3)retirement I. It tells us not to complain about the problems we meet, but 11.(1)away/off (2)scared to solve them positively. (3)①were scared of being hur II.1~2DB ②were scared to be hurt ③were scared that we would be hurt III. 1. a 2. disguised 3. and 4. angrily 5. passers-by 12.(1)锐利的;锋利的 (2)敏锐的 (3)急剧的 (4)急转的 6. to move 7. tired 8. coming 9. had been placed 10. from (5)尖锐的 (6)to sharpen (7)sharply 语基输入·助力语言输出 13.(1)energetic (2)provide enough energy for you 1. (1)left the classroom in tears 14. ①replace/take the place of ②in place of/instead of (2)burst into tears/burst out crying (3)hold back my tears Section II Discovering Useful Structures 2.(1)to (2)harmful (3)harmless 语法慧学·提升语言能力 (4)①does harm to ②is harmful to 探究发现 3.(1)better (2)has been done 1. thinking 2. Thinking 3. playing 5. making 4. spilling (3)A great deal of attention has been paid 4.(1)knows (2)am 自我感知 (③)is 1.1、2、42.3、5 (4)neither cute characters nor wonderful songs 要义详析 以读促写·体现学以致用 品读课文 [即时训练] [微写作] 1.(1)singing (2)focusing (3)functioning (4)painted 1. (1)Having failed (2)lving on the beach 2.(1)Recalling {(2)Using (3)Having been (4)making (3)trailing his teddy bear behind him 3.(1)Having tried (2) Having worked (3) Having lived 2.(1)if any (2)If so; If not (4)Seeing 佳作构建 4.(1)Having spent (2)Having been told 1 (3)Having received 第二步:由词扩句 (4) Having been asked 5. (1)Weather permitting 1. a story of virtue (2)Mary coming back 2. divide the pears according to the order of age 跟踪检测 3. Everyone got his share; was the least L.单句语法填空 4. respect for the elderly is the principle of life 1. missing 2. burning;burnt 3. trying 4. Wandering 5. respect the elderly;not to be selfish 5. leaving 6. Compared 7. causing 8. Given 6. serves its purpose of educating the world well 9. Having finished 10. lying:fixed 7. I would like to recommend it to the readers II.句型转换 第三步:词汇/句式升级 1. Working hard 2. Hearing their teacher's voice I like this story so much that I would like to recommend it to the 3. Standing on the top of the hill readers. ·176·