内容正文:
第 18 课 完形填空
普查与练习 18 完形填空
两篇文学透
一、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2024 新高考Ⅱ真题)
When I decided to buy a house in Europe ten years ago, I didn’t think too long. I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to (1) , Italy was the clear winner.
During my first visit to Italy, I (2) to ask for directions or order in a restaurant. But every time I tried to string a sentence of Italian together, the locals smiled at me and (3) my language skills. That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier. After I made Italy my permanent home, I discovered how (4) Italians are. Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to (5) me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It’s these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
As a foodie, the way to my heart is through my stomach, and nowhere fuels my appetite quite like Italy. Each town has its own traditional (6) , and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can come up with. These meals are always accompanied by laughter and joy.
Whatever (7) life in Italy might have, the problems are forgotten once you sit down to a big meal with friends and family.
1. 利用句间逻辑关系解题
复习要点
* 准确理解句意,并利用前后句间的逻辑关系解题。
(1) A. study B. rent C. visit D. settle
(2) A. planned B. struggled C. refused D. happened
(1)答案:D
解析:根据设空前的but可知,前后为转折关系。根据首段首句可知,作者十年前想要在欧洲买一座房子,结合下文的After I made Italy my permanent home可知,此处指作者挑选自己最喜欢的地方定居(settle)时,意大利显然是赢家,此处的settle与前面的traveling相对应,故选D项。
(2)答案:B
解析:根据设空后一句的But可知,设空所在句与设空后一句为转折关系。根据设空后一句可知,每当“我”试图把一句意大利语串在一起时,当地人都会对“我”微笑,“我”的语言技能。由此可推断,作者与意大利人的沟通是有语言障碍的,但是却在每一次说意大利语时,都会受到当地人的鼓励,故设空所在句指作者在问路和点菜方面都会感到很吃力,struggle意为“挣扎;努力”,符合句意,故选B项。
2. 利用语境暗示解题
复习要点
*了解语境暗示的命题规律,并利用命题规律准确解题。
(3) A. improved B. assessed C. admired D. praised
(4) A. open-minded B. strong-willed
C. warm-hearted D. well-informed
(3)答案:D
解析:根据设空前的the locals smiled at me与设空后一句“That encouragement helped me to get through the language barrier.”可知,作者与意大利当地人沟通时虽然有语言障碍,但也会受到其鼓励,由此可推断,此处指当地人夸奖(praised)“我”的语言技能。分析其他选项,improved意为“提高”;assessed意为“评估”;admired意为“仰慕”,均不符合语境,故选D项。
(4)答案:C
解析:根据设空后的Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese以及“It’s these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.”可知,意大利人是
非常热心肠的(warm-hearted)。分析其他选项,openminded意为“思想开明的”;strong-willed意为“意志坚定的”;well-informed意为“博识的”,均不符合语境,故选C项。
3. 利用生活常识辅助解题
复习要点
*根据上下文语境并利用生活常识辅助解题。
(5) A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
(5)答案:A
解析:根据设空后的me to close the window in my car when rain is coming并结合生活常识可知,此处指作者的邻居们会在要下雨的时候提醒(remind)作者关
好车窗,故选A项。
4. 利用近义词复现解题
复习要点
* 关注文章与选项中意义相近的词汇,并利用近义词复现解题。
(6) A. costume B. dish C. symbol D. tale
(7) A. disadvantages B. meanings C. surprises D. opportunities
(6)答案:B
解析:根据设空后的and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another可知,每个家庭都有代代相传的食谱,由此可推断,此处指每个城镇都有自己的传统菜肴(dish),故选B项。
(7)答案:A
解析:根据设空后的the problems可知,此处应指生活在意大利的缺点或困难,disadvantages意为“缺点”,符合语境,故选A项。
二、阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2023 全国Ⅰ真题)
To become the Olympic champion in the individual(个人)all-around event, Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she knew best. She had to pack up her bedroom in Virginia. She had to say goodbye to her two dogs and to the beach, where she loved to (8) waves on her board. But it was time to take the leap(飞跃), however heartbreaking it would be. Even at 14, Douglas knew that. So she went off about 1,200 miles away from home, to train with a coach from China. She lived with a family she had never met and everything was new to her.
As it turned out, Douglas did exactly what she needed to do to become Olympic champion when she defeated two Russians. The Chinese coach (9) Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an (10) member of the national team to the top of the sport. By winning the Olympic all-around title, she became the first black woman to do so. She led the competition from beginning to end. She said she had felt confident all along that she would win.
Not so long ago, Martha Karolyi, the coordinator(联络人)of the women’s national team, did not think Douglas had what it took to be an Olympian. As time went by, she thought more and more that she could make the London Games—and win.
“I’m going to inspire so many people,” she said. “I’m ready to (11) .” And shine she did.
5. 利用语境暗示,准确理解词义解题
复习要点
*利用上下文语境,准确把握一词多义的词汇在句中的具体含义。
(8)A. cause B. observe C. ride D. strike
答案:C
解析:根据设空后的waves on her board可知,此处表示冲浪,ride除了有“骑;驾驶;乘坐”之意外,还有“漂浮;飘浮”之意,ride the waves意为“踏浪而行”,故选C项。分析其他选项,cause意为“导致;引起”;observe意为“观察”;strike意为“打击”,均不符合语境。
6. 利用固定搭配解题
复习要点
*牢记常见的固定搭配或习惯用法。
(9) A. forced B. transformed C. persuaded D. put
答案:B
解析:根据设空后的Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world并结合语境可知,这位中国教练让Douglas变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一,transform... into... 是固定搭配,意为“使……变成……”,故选B项。分析其他选项,force意为“强迫”;persuade意为“劝说”;put意为“放”,均不符合语境。
7. 利用反义词提示解题
复习要点
*关注文章与选项中意义相反的词汇,并结合语境解题。
(10) A. amateur B. elected C. average D. enthusiastic
答案:C
解析:根据空格前后的from... to...结构并结合第三段中Martha Karolyi对Douglas的态度上的转变可知,空格处应填与top语意相反的词,从而体现出Douglas的变化,结合选项可知,此处表示帮助Douglas从国家队的普通(average)队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手,故选C项。分析其他选项,amateur意为“业余爱好的”;elected意为“当选的”;enthusiastic意为“热情的”,均不符合语境。
8. 利用原词复现解题
复习要点
*敏锐观察文章与选项中同一语境下的重复词汇。
(11) A. shine B. fly C. dance D. score
答案:A
解析:设空后一句“And shine she did.”旨在肯定上文说的话。结合设空前的I’m going to inspire so many people可知,此处表示她准备好发光(shine)了。shine是对此空的原词复现提示,故选A项。分析其他选项,fly意为“飞行”;dance意为“跳舞”;score意为“得分”,均不符合语境。
随堂普查练 18
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A
(2023 新高考Ⅱ真题)
In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP(Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight (1) . They could not afford to pay for (2) for their dog, Tiffy, and (3) wanted to take her with them.
It just (4) that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who (5) to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to (6) Tiffy.
When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very (7) . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was (8) for him, having to leave his dog to a (9) and trust that everything would (10) .
After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me (11) Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and (12) them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was (13) , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she (14) with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so (15) and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again.
(1) A. turn B. budget C. schedule D. connection
(2) A. food B. shelter C. medicine D. transportation
(3) A. desperately B. temporarily C. secretly D. originally
(4) A. appeared B. proved C. happened D. showed
(5) A. waited B. offered C. hurried D. failed
(6) A. see off B. look for C. hand over D. pick up
(7) A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
(8) A. hard B. fine C. common D. lucky
(9) A. coworker B. passenger C. stranger D. neighbor
(10) A. speed up B. work out C. come back D. take off
(11) A. feed B. follow C. change D. load
(12) A. call B. join C. leave D. serve
(13) A. unnecessary B. unexpected C. unavoidable D. uneventful
(14) A. returned B. fought C. flew D. agreed
(15) A. thankful B. generous C. proud D. sympathetic
(1)答案:B
解析:根据设空后的“They could not afford to pay for ______ for their dog, Tiffy”中的关键词could not afford可知,这家人生活比较拮据,on a very tight budget意为“预算非常紧张”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,turn意为“转折点”;schedule意为“时间表”;connection意为“联系”,均不符合语境。
(2)答案:D
解析:根据设空前的They had to move to Virginia和设空后的wanted to take her with them 可知,这家人想要带上宠物狗一起搬到弗吉尼亚州,但是由于预算非常紧张,他们负担不起狗的运输(transportation)费用,故选D项。分析其他选项,food意为“食物”;shelter意为“庇护”;medicine意为“药”,均不符合语境。
(3)答案:A
解析:前文提到这家人负担不起狗的运输费用,结合第三段中狗主人的表现可知,狗的主人极度在意他们的宠物狗,因此此处应该表示这家人非常(desperately)想把狗一起带走,故选A项。分析其他选项,temporarily意为“暂时地”;secretly意为“秘密地”;originally意为“最初地”,均不符合语境。
(4)答案:C
解析:根据第一段第一句“In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka.”以及设空后的“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who _______ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia”可知,作者在PNP网站上看到一个来自托皮卡市的家庭发布的求助帖,碰巧(happen)作者正在计划和另一名飞行员Karen的另一次PNP飞行,故选C项。分析其他选项,appear意为“出现”;prove意为“证明”;show意为“展示”,均不符合语境。
(5)答案:B
解析:根据后文内容可知,此处应该表示Karen主动提出(offer)帮忙把狗从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚州,故选B项。分析其他选项,wait意为“等待”;hurry意为“匆忙”;fail意为“失败”,均不符合语境。
(6)答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,这家人住在托皮卡市,因此作者需要飞到托皮卡市去接(pick up)Tiffy,故选D项。分析其他选项,see off意为“为……送行”;look for意为“寻找”;hand over意为“移交”,均不符合语境。
(7)答案:B
解析:根据设空后的“George, the husband, was trying to be calm”并结合选项可知,Tiffy的主人看起来有点 紧张(nervous),故选B项。分析其他选项,confused意为“困惑的”;annoyed意为“恼怒的”;curious意为“好奇的”,均不符合语境。
(8)答案:A
解析:根据设空前的was trying to be calm以及设空后的“having to leave his dog to a _______ and trust that everything would _______ ”可知,将宠物狗交到陌生人 手中,并相信一切都会解决的,这对于 George 来说 很难(hard),故选A项。分析其他选项,f i ne意为 “好的”;common意为“常见的”;lucky意为“幸运的”,均不符合语境。
(9)答案:C
解析:前文提到作者是从网上发布的帖子里了解到这 家人的困难,并主动帮助他们送狗,因此对于这家人 来说,作者是一位陌生人(stranger),故选C项。分析其他选项,coworker意为“合作者”;passenger意为“乘客”;neighbor意为“邻居”,均不符合语境。
(10)答案:B
解析:根据本句语境可知,狗的主人 George 虽然很紧 张,但是不得不将宠物狗交到陌生人手中,并相信一 切都会进展顺利(work out)的,故选B项。分析其他选项,“speed up”意为“加速”;come back意为“回 来”;take off意为“起飞;脱下”,均不符合语境。
(11)答案:D
解析:根据设空后的 Tiffy into the plane 可知,作者 让 George 夫妇帮忙把 Tiffy 装入(load)飞机,故选D项。分析其他选项,feed意为“喂养”;follow意为 “跟随 ”;change意为“改变”,均不符合语境。
(12)答案:A
解析:根据本句语境可知,作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就 给他们打电话(call),故选A项。分析其他选项,join意为“加入”;leave意为“离开”;serve意为“服务”,均不符合语境。
(13)答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“The next day, she _______ with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days.”可知,这次飞行太平无事(uneventful),故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,unnecessary意为“没有必要的”;unexpected意为“意想不到的”,unavoidable意为“不可避免的”,均不符合语境。
(14)答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 made it back to George i n Virginia 可知,Karen带Tiffy 返回(return)到了其在 弗吉尼亚州的主人家中,故选A项。分析其他选项,fight意为“打仗;打架”;fly意为“飞”;agree意为“同意”,均不符合语境。
(15)答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures 并结合常识可推知,此处指对于作者的帮忙,George 非常感激(thankful),故选A项。分析其他选项,generous意为“慷慨的”;proud意为“骄傲的”; sympathetic意为“同情的”,均不符合语境。
B
(2023 新高考Ⅰ真题)
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have (16) the course earlier than she did. Her (17) came because she was carrying a (18) across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her (19) when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She (20) to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with (21) . She couldn’t. Bailey then (22) to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get (23) attention. Once there, Lenoue was (24) and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme (25) to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey’s help.
As for Bailey, she is more (26) about why her act is considered a big (27) . “She was just crying. I couldn’t (28) her,” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”
Although the two young women were strangers before the (29) , they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the (30) of human kindness won the day.
(16) A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
(17) A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
(18) A. judge B. volunteer C. classmate D. competitor
(19) A. race B. school C. town D. training
(20) A. agreed B. returned C. stopped D. promised
(21) A. courage B. aid C. patience D. advice
(22) A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
(23) A. medical B. public C. constant D. equal
(24) A. interrupted B. assessed C. identified D. appreciated
(25) A. hunger B. pain C. cold D. tiredness
(26) A. worried B. ashamed C. confused D. discouraged
(27) A. game B. problem C. lesson D. deal
(28) A. leave B. cure C. bother D. understand
(29) A. ride B. test C. meet D. show
(30) A. secret B. display C. benefit D. exchange
(16)答案:D
解析:根据第二段最后一句中的“Bailey then _______ to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the f inish line”可知,Bailey 将 Lenoue 背至了终点,所以此处指 Bailey 本应该更早一些跑完 (finish)全程,故选D项。分析其他选项,design意为“设计”;follow意为“跟随”;change意为“改变”,均不符合语境。
(17)答案:A
解析:前文提到 Bailey 本应该更早一些跑完全程,因 此此处表示她耽搁(delay)了比赛,故选A项。分析其他选项,chance意为“机会”;trouble意为“麻烦”; excuse意为“借口”,均不符合语境。
(18)答案:D
解析:根据第二段第一句中的 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain 以及最后一句中的 let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line 可知,Bailey 是背着一名参赛者(competitor)冲过终点线的,故选D项。分析其他选项,judge意为“裁判”;volunteer意为“志愿者”; classmate意为“同学”,均不符合语境。
(19)答案:A
解析:根据第一段第一句中的 hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race 和设空前的 more than two-thirds of the way through her 可知,此处指Bailey已经跑了比赛(race)全程的三分之二以上,故选A项。分析其他选项,school意为“学校”;town意为“城镇”;training意为“训练”,均不符合语境。
(20)答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 to help her fellow runner 并结合 常识可知,Bailey 停下来(stop)帮助和她一起参赛的选手,故选C项。分析其他选项,agree意为“同意”; return意为“返回”;promise意为“承诺”,均不符合语境。
(21)答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward 可知,Bailey 搀着 Lenoue的胳膊 是想看看 Lenoue 是否能在她的帮助(aid)下向前 走,故选B项。分析其他选项,courage意为“勇气”; patience意为“耐心”;advice意为“建议”,均不符合语境。
(22)答案:D
解析:根据设空后的to let Lenoue climb onto her back可知,Bailey弯下腰(bend down),让Lenoue爬到她的背上,故选D项。分析其他选项,go away意为“离开”;stand up意为“站起来”;step aside意为“让路”,均不符合语境。
(23)答案:A
解析:前文提到 Lenoue 受伤严重,结合常识可知,Lenoue需要得到医疗(medical)救治;根据第三段第一句中的later taken to a hospital也可得出答案,故选A项。分析其他选项,public意为“公众的”;constant意为“持续不断的”;equal意为“平等的”,均不符合语境。
(24)答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 and later taken to a hospital 可知,先是医生对Lenoue做了检查评估(access),再将 Lenoue 送到了医院,故选B项。分析其他选项,interrupt意为“打断”;identify意为“识别”; appreciate意为“感激”,均不符合语境。
(25)答案:B
解析:根据第二段第一句中的 began crying in pain 和设空前一句中的 she had serious injuries in one of her knees 可知,Lenoue 有一个膝盖伤得很严重,如果没有 Bailey的帮助,她可能会在极度的痛苦(pain)中 挣扎着到达援助检查站,故选B项。分析其他选项,hunger意为“饥饿”;cold意为“感冒”;tiredness意为 “疲劳”,均不符合语境。
(26)答案:C
解析:根据设空后两句“‘She was just crying. I couldn’t _______ her,’ Bailey told the reporter. ‘I feel like I was just doing the right thing.’”可知,Bailey 只是觉得自己做 了一件正确的事情,所以让她更困惑(confused)的 是自己的这一行为被认为是一件大事(deal),故选C项。分析其他选项,worried意为“担心的”;ashamed意为“惭愧的”;discouraged意为“泄气的”,均不符合语境。
(27)答案:D
解析:参见上一题解析。a big deal意为“一件大 事”,故选D项。分析其他选项,game意为“游戏”; problem意为“问题”;lesson意为“课程”,均不符合 语境。
(28)答案:A
解析:根据设空前的“She was just crying.”以及前 文提到的 Bailey的做法可知,Bailey 看见 Lenoue 在哭,觉得不能离开(leave)她,故选A项。分析其他选项,cure意为“治愈 ”;bother意为“打扰”; understand意为“理解”,均不符合语境。
(29)答案:C
解析:设空前的 the two young women 指代 Bailey 与 Lenoue。根据前文内容可知,Bailey 和 Lenoue 参加 了同一场比赛,因此此处表示“这两个年轻女子在那 场体育比赛(meet)之前是陌生人”,故选C项。前 文中的 race 是近义词提示。分析其他选项,ride意为“短途旅程”;test意为“测试”;show意为“演出”,均不符合语境。
(30)答案:B
解析:根据全文可知,Bailey 在比赛过程中将受伤的 Lenoue 背到终点就医,因此耽误了自己的比赛,Bailey的行为是善良的体现(display),故选B项。分析其他选项,secret意为“秘密”;benef it意为“利 益”;exchange意为“交换”,均不符合语境。
课后提分练 18 完形填空
本套试题答案及详细图解精讲参见 E 册《图解力详解答案》
A 组(巩固提升)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。
Passage 1
(2023 全国Ⅱ真题)
Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we 1 there, we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike 2 its way down the hill toward us. It was a 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 5 for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 6 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it. These can’t be any 8 , we thought. But we were 9 his kindness, so we 10 them.
What we discovered is that it’s 11 to judge what you eat only by its 12 . Those tomatoes had a 13 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect but taste of water. Nobody’s going to have a 15 memory of those. It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can 16 them easily. Mario’s wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 17 .
It’s good to eat things at the correct time, when they’re 18 , and as close as possible to where they were 19 . What Mario had 20 us was the taste of the Garfagnana.
1. A. waited B. met C. camped D. stayed
2. A. making B. searching C. squeezing D. feeling
3. A. customer B. neighbor C. relative D. passenger
4. A. lend B. send C. bring D. show
5. A. choice B. comment C. promise D. gesture
6. A. worried B. moved C. thrilled D. bored
7. A. simple B. real C. shiny D. fun
8. A. more B. good C. new D. easy
9. A. sympathetic to B. thankful for C. cautious about D. interested in
10. A. tried B. sold C. returned D. mixed
11. A. unnecessary B. uncertain C. unwise D. unusual
12. A. appearance B. quality C. origin D. price
13. A. size B. shape C. color D. taste
14. A. smell B. look C. become D. work
15. A. happy B. vivid C. short D. vague
16. A. clean B. check C. count D. pack
17. A. perfect B. useful C. convenient D. familiar
18. A. on view B. on sale C. in season D. in need
19. A. finished B. stored C. found D. grown
20. A. cooked B. given C. bought D. told
主题语境:人与社会——做人与做事
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前一句“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知,此处表示“我们第一次住(stay)在那 里的时候”,故选D项。分析其他选项,wait意为“等 待”;meet意为“遇到”;camp意为“露营”,均不符 合语境。
2. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 we heard the chug-chug-chug of a motorbike 和设空后的 toward us 可知,作者他们听 到了摩托车从山上朝他们驶来的突突声。make one’s way toward... 表示“朝……前进”,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,search意为“搜索”;squeeze意为 “挤”;feel意为“感受”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:B
解析:根据前后文内容可知,许多年前,作者在 Garfagnana 买了一座房子,第一次去那里暂住时,Mario 给作者他们带来(bring)了一些番茄和一瓶酒,由此可推知,Mario 是作者的一个邻居(neighbor),故选B项。分析其他选项,customer意为“客户”; relative意为“亲戚”;passenger意为“乘客”,均不符 合语境。
4. 答案:C
解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,lend意为“借 出”;send意为“发送”;show意为“展示”,均不符合语境,故选C项。
5. 答案:D
解析:上文提到 Mario 为作者他们带来了番茄和酒,这一举动是善意的表示。gesture意为“(表明感情或意 图的)姿态,表示”,符合语境,故选D项。分析其他选项,choice意为“选择”;comment意为“评价”; promise意为“承诺”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 But 和设空后的 because they were so misshapen 可知,看到畸形番茄,作者他们应 该会很担心(worried),因为它们一点也不像超市里那 些好看的、圆圆的、有光泽的番茄,故选A项。分析其他选项,moved意为“感动的”;thrilled意为“兴奋的”;bored意为“无聊的”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:C
解析:设空处与 nice 和 round 并列,共同修饰超市里的番茄,shiny意为“有光泽的”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,simple意为“简单的”;real意为“ 真实的”;fun意为“有趣的”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据上文可知,Mario 带来的番茄是畸形的,酒是浑浊的,且装在了一个没有标签的古怪的旧瓶子 里。因此,作者他们认为这些东西品质不好(good),故选B项。分析其他选项,more意为“更多的”;new意为“新的”;easy意为“容易的”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:B
解析:由设空前的 But 和设空后的 his kindness 可知,虽然邻居送的东西其貌不扬,但作者他们还是很感激 (thankful for)他的善意,故选B项。分析其他选项,sympathetic to意为“同情……”;cautious about意为 “对……谨慎”;interested in意为“对……感兴趣”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:A
解析:根据第二段第二句“Those tomatoes had a _______ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知,作者他们尝了 Mario 送的番茄。try 在此处表示试着吃了一些,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,sell意为“售卖”;return意为“归还”;mix意为“混合”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后一句“Those tomatoes had a _______ that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child.”可知,番茄的味道出乎作者的意料,这与作者之前对番茄的印象形成对比,因此作者发 出感慨:仅凭外表(appearance)去评判你所吃的食 物是不明智的(unwise),故选C项。分析其他选项,unnecessary意为“不必要的”;uncertain意为“不确 定的”;unusual意为“不寻常的”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:A
解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,quality意为 “质量”;origin意为“起源”;price意为“价格”,均 不符合语境,故选A项。
13. 答案:D
解析:根据下文对超市里番茄的味道的描述 taste of water 可推知,Mario 送的番茄有一种味道(taste),能 让作者想起自己小时候叔叔种的番茄,故选D项。分析其他选项,size意为“尺寸”;shape意为“形状”; color意为“颜色”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:B
解析:第一段提到超市里的番茄外观很好看,此处再 次描述外观的好,与后文的口感描述形成鲜明的对 比,look意为“看起来;显得”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,smell意为“闻起来”;become意为“变成”;work意为“劳动;运行”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:A
解析:设空后的 those 指代前文提到的 supermarket tomatoes。前文提到 Mario的番茄让作者想起了自己 小时候叔叔种的番茄,由此可推知,此处表示“没有 人会对那些超市里的番茄有着美好的(happy)回忆”,故选A项。分析其他选项,vivid意为“生动的 ”; short意为“短的”;vague意为“模糊的”,均不符合 语境。
16. 答案:D
解析:设空前的 they 指超市番茄的种植者。根据设空 前的 square ones 并结合常识可推知,此处表示方形的番茄更容易打包(pack),故选D项。分析其他选项,clean意为“清理”;check意为“检查”;count意为“计算;数数”,均不符合语境。
17. 答案:A
解析:由设空前的 but 可知,前后两句是转折关系。前 句描述“Mario的酒可能是浑浊的,并且是从一个旧瓶子里倒出来的”,后句则应是相反的描述,perfect意为“完美”,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,useful意为“有用的”;convenient意为“方便的”; familiar意为“熟悉的”,均不符合语境。
18. 答案:C
解析:由设空前的 It’s good to eat things at the correct time 并结合常识可知,吃应季(in season)的食物好,故选C项。分析其他选项,on view意为“在展出”; on sale意为“减价出售”;in need意为“需要”,均不符合语境。
19. 答案:D
解析:根据本句语境并结合常识可知,吃应季的且种 植(grow)在尽可能近的地方的食物比较好,故选D项。分析其他选项,f inish意为“完成”;store意为 “储存”;find意为“找到;发现”,均不符合语境。
20. 答案:B
解析:由上文可知,Mario 送给(give)作者他们当地的 番茄和酒,故选B项。分析其他选项,cook意为“烹 饪”;buy意为“购买”;tell意为“告诉”,均不符合语境。
Passage 2
(广东模拟)
In many ways, Gitanjali Rao is an ordinary 11-year-old, lively and chatty, yet her scientific spirit makes a huge difference. Last month, she 1 the top prize at the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge for her invention.
What 2 Gitanjali’s work was that her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water. “The idea didn’t 3 to me until I saw my parents try to do water tests. The test strips may show inaccurate results, which weren’t very 4 ,” she recalled. She then searched for suitable materials with continued efforts and 5 found that carbon nanotube (纳米管) sensors could be used to sense chemicals. Gitanjali 6 to build a small blue housing using the 3D printer at her school with computer chips and a battery inside. A free app, which Gitanjali designed under 7 from her computer science teacher, gives instant 8 and sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device.
The process of designing her project wasn’t always 9 , though. Kathleen Shafer, a scientist paired with Gitanjali as her teacher in the summer, 10 along the way. In the award ceremony, Gitanjali also 11 her parents with constant support and 12 to try “crazy ideas”. Gitanjali received $25,000 to further develop her program along with the great 13 of winning the contest. According to Shafer, who 14 Gitanjali, “She shows a lot of motivation to solve 15 issues through science.”
1. A. earned B. designed C. offered D. made
2. A. exposed B. improved C. defined D. inspired
3. A. stick B. belong C. occur D. apply
4. A. simple B. reliable C. predictable D. creative
5. A. initially B. immediately C. temporarily D. eventually
6. A. managed B. promised C. pretended D. happened
7. A. observation B. command C. instruction D. control
8. A. access B. results C. decisions D. approval
9. A. optional B. complete C. continuous D. smooth
10. A. changed B. risked C. helped D. followed
11. A. stressed B. credited C. impressed D. provided
12. A. encouragement B. request C. struggle D. pressure
13. A. fortune B. intention C. honor D. potential
14. A. keeps up with B. gets along with C. takes care of D. speaks highly of
15. A. commercial B. practical C. academic D. systematic
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前一句的 her scientific spirit makes a huge difference 并结合设空后的 the top prize 可知,此 处表示她赢得了(earn)最高奖项,故选A项。分析其他选项,design意为“设计”;offer意为“提供”; make意为“制作”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的 her city faced a water emergency with too much lead in its water 和 The test strips may show inaccurate results 以及 She then searched for suitable materials 可推知,Gitanjali 所在的城市面临 着水中含有过量铅的危机,而且试纸结果可能不准确,这启发了(inspire)她的发明,故选D项。分析其他选项,expose意为“暴露 ”;improve意为“提 高”;define意为“明确”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:C
解析:结合本句语境可知,此处表示直到女孩看到 自己的父母尝试去做水质检测,她才想到这个主 意。the idea occurs to sb.意为“主意或想法突然浮现 在某人的头脑中;某人突然想到这个主意”,符合语 境,故选C项。分析其他选项,stick to意为“坚持”; belong to意为“属于”;apply to意为“适用于;运 用”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 The test strips may show inaccurate results 可知,试纸显示的结果可能会不 准确,因此试纸并不可靠(reliable),故选B项。分析其他选项,simple意为“简单的”;predictable意为“可预料的;可预见的”;creative意为“有创造力的”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:D
解析:根据本句语境,尤其是句中的 then 可知,searched for 和 found 表示两个顺承的动作,所以此处 表示她努力寻找合适的材料,最终(eventually)发现 碳纳米管传感器可以用来检测化学物质,故选D项。 分析其他选项,initially意为“起初”;immediately意为“即刻;马上”;temporarily意为“暂时地;临时 地”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:A
解析:本段主要叙述 Gitanjali 是如何完成发明的,上 文提到她已经找到了合适的材料,下文提到她设计 了一款应用程序,再结合选项可知,此处应表示她 设法(manage)用 3D 打印机建造了一个蓝色的外壳,里面装入了电脑芯片和电池,故选A项。分析其他选项,promise意为“许诺;保证”;pretend意为“假 装;装作”;happen意为“发生;碰巧”,均不符合 语境。
7. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 from her computer science teacher 并结合语境可推知,Gitanjali 是在计算机科学老师的指导(instruction)下设计了一款免费的应用程序,故选C项。分析其他选项,observation意为“观察; 注意”;command意为“命令;指挥”;control意为 “控制”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 sends the data to a linked phone through an attached device 可知,这款应用程序可以给 出即时的结果(results)并通过附加设备将数据发送到关联的手机上,故选B项。分析其他选项,access意为“(使用或见到的)机会,权利;通道”;decision意为“决定”;approval意为“批准;认可”,均不符 合语境。
9. 答案:D
解析:根据前后文语境以及 though 可知,此处表示 她设计项目的过程并不总是一帆风顺的(smooth),故选D项。分析其他选项,optional意为“可选择的;非强制的”;complete意为“完全的;完整的”; continuous意为“持续的;连续的”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,设计过程不是一帆风顺的,所以此处表示与她组队担任她暑期教师的科学 家全程帮助(help)了她,故选C项。分析其他选项,change意为“改变”;risk意为“冒险”;follow意为 “跟随”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:B
解析:根据本句语境并结合常识可知,颁奖典礼上一 般会有感谢致辞,此处应表示她认为父母也是有功 劳的,他们一直支持并鼓励她尝试“疯狂的想法 ”,credit意为“认为是……的功劳”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,stress意为“强调”;“impress意为“使留下深刻印象”;provide意为“提供”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 and 可知,support 与设空处为 并列关系。根据语境并结合选项可知,此处表示她的 父母一直支持和鼓励(encouragement)她去尝试“疯 狂的想法”,故选A项。分析其他选项,request意为 “要求;请求”;struggle意为“奋斗”;pressure意为 “压力”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据本句语境并结合选项可知,她获得了两 万五千美元的奖金去进一步研发程序,同时获得了 赢得此次比赛的巨大荣誉(honor),故选C项。分析其他选项,fortune意为“大笔的钱;巨款;运气”; intention意为“打算;意图;目的”;potential意为 “潜力;可能性”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的Shafer的话“She shows a lot of motivation to solve _______ issues through science.”可知,Shafer 高度评价(speak highly of)了Gitanjali,故选D项。分析其他选项,keep up with意为“跟上”;get along with意为“与……相处融洽”;take care of意为 “照看,照料”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,Gitanjali 通过努力开发了 一款应用程序,极大地提高了水质检测的准确率,表现出了通过科学解决实际(practical)问题的积极 性,故选B项。分析其他选项,commercial意为“商 业的 ”;academic意为“学术的 ”;systematic意为 “系统的;有条理的”,均不符合语境。
Passage 3
(2022 新高考Ⅱ真题)
Like many young people, Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them, this 25-year-old is doing it 1 . She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world, stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long, expensive 2 , but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 3 .
They’re part of a new form of the 4 economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in 5 homes, they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner’s 6 .
It’s not all sightseeing. The two travelers carefully 7 their trips, scheduling their days around the pets that are sometimes difficult to 8 . But house sitting also offers a level of 9 they can’t find in a hotel. “It’s like 10 at a friend’s house,” Jessica says.
The couple has a high 11 rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s 12 . For Jessica, that means 13 plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house 14 and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 15 ,” she says.
1. A. indoors B. online C. single-handed D. full-time
2. A. game B. service C. vacation D. procedure
3. A. safe B. busy C. helpful D. affordable
4. A. local B. private C. sharing D. agricultural
5. A. strangers’ B. parents’ C. co-workers’ D. neighbors’
6. A. favor B. defense C. honor D. absence
7. A. plan B. explain C. compare D. complete
8. A. buy B. transport C. choose D. please
9. A. support B. comfort C. control D. attention
10. A. cooking B. staying C. waiting D. studying
11. A. success B. survival C. growth D. unemployment
12. A. budget B. abilities C. expectations D. understanding
13. A. admiring B. donating C. sending D. borrowing
14. A. clean B. open C. simple D. empty
15. A. guess B. decision C. response D. impression
主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化
学科素养:语言能力和文化意识
1. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world 可知,Jessica 和 她的丈夫已经周游世界两年了。由此可推知,他们是 全职(full-time)在做这件事,故选D项。分析其他选项,indoors意为“在室内”;online意为“在线”; single-handed意为“独自;独立”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:C
解析:根据设空前的 She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world 可知,Jessica 和 她的丈夫这两年时间在周游世界,所以此处指“这听 起来像是一个漫长而又昂贵的假期(vacation)”,故 选 C 项。分析其他选项,game意为“游戏”;service意为“服务”;procedure意为“程序;步骤”,均不符 合语境。
3. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前的 but 可知,前后两个分句在语意 上为转折关系。前一个分句表示“这听起来像是一个 漫长而又昂贵的假期”,所以后一个分句应该指“这 对夫妇有一种不同寻常的方式使他们的旅行变得让 人负担得起(affordable)”,故选D项。
4. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 an online group of house sitters 和 Throughout their no-cost stays 可知,Jessica 和她的丈 夫是在线房屋代管者,而且是免费入住,由此可推 测,他们是一种新形式的共享经济(sharing economy)的参与者,故选C项。分析其他选项,local意为“当地的”;private意为“私人的”;agricultural意为“农 业的”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:A
解析:结合前后文内容可知,Jessica 和她的丈夫去 周游世界时是免费住在陌生人的(strangers’)家里,故选A项。分析其他选项,parents’意为“父母的”; co-workers’意为“同事的”;neighbors’意为“邻居的”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前“Throughout their no-cost stays in _______ homes, they feed pets and water plants”可知,他 们免费住在别人家里,会帮忙喂宠物、给植物浇水; 结合常识可知,他们应该是在房主不在家(absence) 或者不方便的时候帮忙,故选D项。分析其他选项,favor意为“帮助”;defense意为“防御”;honor意为 “荣誉”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后“their trips, scheduling their days” 可知,此处指“仔细地计划(plan)他们的旅行 ”,故选A项。schedule 为近义词复现提示。分析其他选项,explain意为“解释”;compare意为“比较”; complete意为“完成”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前 the pets that are sometimes difficult to 可知,此处指“有时很难取悦(please)房主的 宠物 ”,即某些宠物很难照管,故选D项。分析其他选项,buy意为“购买”;transport意为“运输”; choose意为“选择”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后“It’s like _______ at a friend’s house” 可知,Jessica认为这像是住在朋友家一样,可见照看房子也能提供一种在酒店里找不到的舒适感 (comfort),故选B项。分析其他选项,support意为 “支持”;control意为“控制”;attention意为“注意 力”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后 at a friend’s house 可知,此处指 “像待在(stay)朋友家一样”,stay at 为固定搭配,意为“待在……”,故选B项。
11. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后 rate in getting accepted as house sitters 并结合后文“plenty of pictures of happy pets, keeping the house _______ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house”可知,他们在去下 一家之前会做很多事情,由此推知,此处指“他们 被接受为看房人的成功(success)率很高 ”,故选A项。分析其他选项,survival意为“存活”;growth意为“生长”;unemployment意为“失业”,均不符合 语境。
12. 答案:C
解析:根据上一题的分析可知,Jessica 和她的丈夫 被接受为看房人的成功率很高,由此推知,Jessica 他们总是超出房主的预期(expectation),故选C项。 分析其他选项,budget意为“预算”;ability意为“能 力”;understanding意为“理解”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后 plenty of pictures of happy pets 可知,此处指 Jessica 给房主发送(send)宠物的照片,故选C项。分析其他选项,admire意为“钦佩;赞 赏”;donate意为“捐赠”;borrow意为“借来”,均 不符合语境。
14. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,他们的职责就是照看房 子,所以要保持房子洁净(clean),故选A项。
15. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,是房主选择 Jessica 他们当 看房人的,所以此处指要让房主觉得他们做了正确的 决定(decision),故选B项。分析其他选项,guess意为“猜测”;response意为“反应”;impression意为 “印象”,均不符合语境。
Passage 4
(2024 北京真题)
I’d just arrived at school, ready for another school day. I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an 1 . “Today at 1:10 there will be auditions(面试)
for a musical.” My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy?” “Sure,” I said. I had no 2 in drama, but I’d try out because my friends were doing it.
At 1:10, there was a 3 outside the drama room. Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning. But now that I was doing it, I 4 felt nervous. What if I wasn’t any good? I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical. They then 5 my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play. The teachers were smiling and praising me. I felt like I had a 6 , so I said, “A big role.” They said they’d look into it. I started getting really nervous. What if I didn’t get a main role?
Soon, the cast list was 7 . My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role!” Sure enough, my name was at the top. I just stared at it and started to 8 . I was so happy. After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage. It was fun. And when people started 9 , that gave me a boost of confidence. It stayed with me and made me feel 10 . I realised that by trying something new, I can have fun—even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.
1. A. assignment B. initiative C. announcement D. interview
2. A. hesitancy B. interest C. worry D. regret
3. A. game B. show C. play D. line
4. A. suddenly B. continuously C. originally D. generally
5. A. advertised B. tested C. challenged D. polished
6. A. demand B. credit C. dream D. chance
7. A. traded B. posted C. questioned D. claimed
8. A. well up B. roll in C. stand out D. go off
9. A. whispering B. arguing C. clapping D. stretching
10. A. funnier B. fairer C. cleverer D. braver
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的“‘Today at 1:10 there will be auditions(面试) for a musical.’ My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, ‘Will you be going, Amy?’”可知,今天(下午)1点10分将进行音乐剧的试镜,而这句话并不是Amy的朋友以及她自己说的,应该是有人介绍或宣布的内容,因此此处指“有一则公告(announcement)”,故选C项。分析其他选项,assignment意为“任务;分配”;initiative意为“倡议;自主性”,interview意为“面试;采访”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的but I’d try out because my friends were doing it可推知,Amy自己对戏剧不感兴趣(interest),但她会去尝试一下,因为她的朋友们都会参加,故选B项。分析其他选项,hesitancy意为“犹豫;迟疑不决”;worry意为“担忧”;regret意为“后悔;遗憾”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.”可知,每个人看起来都充满了活力,作者也从没想到那天早上她也会站在那里。由此可推知,空格所在句指“1点10分的时候,话剧室外排起了队(line)。”故选D项。分析其他选项,game意为“游戏;比赛”;show意为“展示;演出”;play意为“戏剧;玩耍”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前一句“I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.”及设空后一句“What if I wasn’t any good?”可知,作者本来没打算参加此次面试,此时突然担心自己会表现不好,因此此处指“我突然(suddenly)感觉紧张”,故选A项。分析其他选项,continuously意为“持续地”;originally意为“最初;开始”;generally意为“通常;大体上”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前一句“I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.”可知,作者此时正在面试,因此此处应是老师测试了(tested)作者的歌唱技能,故选B项。分析其他选项,advertised意为“打广告”;challenged意为“挑战”;polished意为“打磨;润色”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前一句“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”及设空后的“so I said,‘A big role.’”可知,作者得到老师的肯定后,应该会觉得自己有
机会(chance)演主角,故选D项。分析其他选项,demand意为“要求;命令”;credit意为“信用;学分”;dream意为“梦;梦想”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后一句“My friends checked and came back shouting,‘Amy, you got the main role!’”可知,作者的朋友们查看了演员名单后,回来告诉她,她被选中演主角了,由此可知,空格所在句应是在表达“演员名单公布了(posted)”,故选B项。分析其他选项,traded意为“交易”;questioned意为“质疑”;claimed意为“宣称;声称”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者被选中演主角了,结合设空后一句“I was so happy.”可知,此时作者应是非常激动的,well up意为“(某种情感)迸发;(眼泪等液体)涌出”,符合语境,故选A项。分析其他选项,roll in意为“滚滚而来”;stand out意为“脱颖而出”;go off意为“(爆炸装置)爆炸;(食物或饮料)变质”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的that gave me a boost of confidence可知,设空处所填内容给予了作者极大的信心,由此可推断,此处指“当人们开始鼓掌(clapping)时”,故选C项。分析其他选项,whispering意为“轻声低语”;arguing意为“争辩;争论”;stretching意为“伸展;延伸”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前一句的that gave me a boost of confidence可知,此处指这种信心一直伴随着作者,让作者更加勇敢(braver)”,故选D项。分析其他选项,funnier意为“更有趣的;更滑稽的”;fairer意为“更公平的”;cleverer意为“更聪明的”,均不符合语境。
Passage 5
(河北衡水中学一模)
A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity. His efforts on a student-led campaign to increase federal funding for basic research 1 an invitation to speak on a conference panel(专家组). It would look great on his CV(简历). I was happy for him, of course. I had been a(n) 2 partner in the campaign. I felt that I deserved the same opportunity. Yet I hadn’t been 3 and I wasn’t sure why.
Growing up, I had been taught that the way to 4 was to put my head down and work hard. If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself and I would be 5 . This view, coupled with a natural 6 , meant that I 7 worked up the nerve to put myself forward.
However, I decided that I needed to 8 my life again—by becoming my own biggest advocate.
So, with my heart beating fast, I asked my colleague to ask the panel organizers to 9 me. My mind was filled with a list of well-practiced 10 . Maybe I didn’t deserve it. Maybe I was being too ambitious. However, my colleague immediately contacted the organizers, who quickly agreed to 11 me to the panel. Now I’ve come to understand that I can’t be recognized for my word if I’m invisible. This isn’t a revolutionary idea which many people are unfamiliar with. I know, but as an introvert(内向的人), this is my 12 Mount Everest(珠穆朗玛峰).
I think advocating for myself will always make me a little 13 . But I do plenty of other uncomfortable things to 14 I’m living my best life, like getting flu shots. I suppose I can do the same for my 15 .
1. A. referred to B. led to C. turned down D. put forward
2. A. special B. legal C. strict D. equal
3. A. informed B. promoted C. invited D. received
4. A. success B. practice C. power D. reality
5. A. rewarded B. protected C. attracted D. affected
6. A. kindness B. patience C. shyness D. courage
7. A. rarely B.frequently C. quietly D. completely
8. A. make sense of B. find fault with C. pay attention to D. take control of
9. A. benefit B. include C. observe D. change
10. A. agreement B. emphasis C. inspiration D. self-doubt
11. A. track B. send C. hire D. add
12. A. personal B. flexible C. simple D. traditional
13. A. unreasonable B. uncomfortable C. dishonest D. discontent
14. A. prove B. ensure C. record D. predict
15. A. health B. colleague C. career D. education
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 His efforts on a student-led campaign 及设空后的 an invitation to speak on a conference panel 可知,作者的同学在一次学生领导的运动中付出的努力使他受邀在专家组会议上发言,lead to意为“导致”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,refer to意为“查阅;指的是”;turn down意为“拒绝 ”;put forward意为“提出 ”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后一句“I felt that I deserved the same opportunity.”可知,作者认为自己应该得到同样的机 会,由此可推知,作者认为在这场运动中自己和同 学付出了同等的努力,equal 符合此处语境,故选D项。分析其他选项,special意为“特殊的”;legal意为“合法的”;strict意为“严格的”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者的同学因为在此次 运动中付出的努力而受邀在专家组会议上发言,作 者认为自己同样值得这次机会;结合设空前的 Yet 可知,空格所在句与前文内容在语意上构成转折,所 以此处指自己没有被邀请(invite),故选C项。前文 中的 invitation 为同根词复现提示。
4. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后一句的“If my work was good enough, it would speak for itself ”可知,作者认为只 要自己的工作足够优秀,就会被别人看到,由此可 推知,此处指作者在成长过程中一直被教导成功 (success)的方法就是埋头苦干,故选A项。分析其他选项,practice意为“实践”;power意为“权力; 力量”;reality意为“现实”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前一句“Growing up, I had been taught that the way to _______ was to put my head down and work hard.”可知,作者一直被教导成功的方法就是埋头苦 干,所以作者认为只要自己的工作足够好,就会得 到回报(reward),故选A项。分析其他选项,protect意为“保护”;attract意为“吸引”;affect意为“影 响”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 worked up the nerve to put myself forward 与第四段最后一句中的 as an introvert 可知,作者是内向、腼腆(shyness)的人,故选C项。分析其他选项,kindness意为“仁慈;善良”;patience意为“耐心”;courage意为“勇气”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:A
解析:根据第四段最后一句中的 as an introvert 可知,作者是一个内向的人,由此可以推知,此处指“我很 少(rarely)鼓起勇气推荐自己”,故选A项。分析其他选项,frequently意为“频繁地”;quietly意为“安 静地”;completely意为“完全地”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者性格羞怯,一直奉 行埋头苦干就会获得成功的原则,认为好的工作不 言自明,很少鼓起勇气推荐自己;结合设空后的 by becoming my own biggest advocate 及第四段中作者为 得到此次机会所做的努力可推知,作者想克服自己 羞怯的性格并掌控(take control of)自己的生活,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,make sense of意为“理解; 弄懂”;find fault with意为“挑剔”;pay attention to意为“注意”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者决定重新掌控自己的生活,参与竞争,因此此处指作者让同事请求专 家组负责人把他也列入(include)受邀名单,故选B项 。分 析 其 他 选 项 ,benefit意为“ 使 受 益 ”; observe意为“观察;庆祝;遵守”;change意为“改 变”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后两句“Maybe I didn’t deserve it. Maybe I was being too ambitious.”可知,作者内心充 满了自我怀疑(self-doubt),故选D项。分析其他选项,agreement意为“协定;意见一致”;emphasis意为“强调”;inspiration意为“灵感;启发”,均不符 合语境。
11. 答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者让同事请求专家组 负责人让自己加入该小组,所以此处指“负责人很快 就同意把我加入到(add)这个小组中”,故选D项。 分析其他选项,track意为“跟踪 ”;send意为“发 送”;hire意为“雇用”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:A
解析:根据上文内容可知,作者是一个内向的人,所以挑战自己勇敢地参与竞争,这对他个人来说,就像是挑战珠穆朗玛峰,personal 符合此处语境,故 选 A 项。分析其他选项,flexible意为“灵活的 ”; simple意为“简单的”;traditional意为“传统的”,均 不符合语境。
13. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后句中的I do plenty of other uncomfortable things可知,作者做了很多其他让自己不舒 服的事情;结合上文内容可知,作者是一个腼腆的人,由此可推知,此处指鼓吹自己令他感觉不舒服 (uncomfortable),故选B项。uncomfortable 为原词 复现提示。分析其他选项,unreasonable意为“不合 理的”;dishonest意为“不诚实的”;discontent意为 “不满足的”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:B
解析:设空后的 like getting flu shots 是对前文所述 内容的举例说明,打流感疫苗也是让作者感到不舒 服的事情,但是这保证了作者的健康,由此可推知,作者做了很多其他不舒服的事情来确保(ensure) 自己过着最好的生活,故选B项。分析其他选项,prove意为“证明”;record意为“记录”;predict意为“预测”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:C
解析:根据上文内容,尤其是文章首段首句“A few months ago, one of my fellow graduate students was offered an incredible career-building opportunity.”可知,作者的同学得到了一个令人难以置信的职业发展机 会,作者非常羡慕,因此,他想克服自身的羞怯,勇敢地参与竞争,希望自己的职业(career)有所发展,故选C项。
Passage 6
(2022 新高考Ⅰ真题)
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.
Some of our 1 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 2 along Chalk Creek. I was 3 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek(小 溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 4 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 5 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 6 —he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.
Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 7 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 8 our peaceful morning trip. The 9 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 10 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 11 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 12 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed(拖) us back. We were 13 .
Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 14 , wondering what camping fun and 15 we will experience next.
1. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries
2. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled
3. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried
4. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid
5. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for
6. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed
7. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off
8. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded
9. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed
10. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix
11. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal
12. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly
13. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right
14. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement
15. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:C
解析:根据第一段“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”和空格后的 especially from the early years when our children were little 可知,作者是在回忆和家 人露营的经历,其中一些回忆是有趣的。分析选项,idea意为“想法;主意”;joke意为“笑话;玩笑”; memory意为“回忆;记忆”;discovery意为“发现”,故选C项。
2. 答案:A
解析: 根 据 第 一 段 中的“w o n d e r f u l c a m p i n g experiences”和后文的“keep him near to our spot”可知,作者和家人在溪边露营。分析选项,camp意为 “宿营;露营”;drive意为“驾驶;开车”;walk意为 “散步”;cycle意为“骑自行车;骑自行车旅行”,故 选 A 项。前文中的 camping 为同根词复现提示。
3. 答案:D
解析:根据后文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知,作者在孩子腰部系上绳 索让其靠近自己,所以此处指作者是在担心孩子,防止他掉入小溪。分析选项,annoyed意为“生气的”;surprised意为“惊奇的;惊讶的”;disappointed意为“失望的;沮丧的”;worried意为“担心的;担 忧的”,故选D项。
4. 答案:C
解析:根据空格后的 his crying let the whole campground know it 可知,孩子腰部系上绳索后大哭不止,所 以此处指孩子腰上系着绳子,这让他感到不舒服。 分析选项,unhurt意为“未受伤的;未受伤害的 ”; unfortunate意为“不幸的”;uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”;unafraid意为“不害怕的”,故选C项。
5. 答案:B
解析:根据前文可知,孩子腰上系着绳索感到不舒 服而哭了起来;根据后文 I just kept a close eye on him 可知,作者只是密切关注孩子的举动,由此可推知,作者不再用绳索绑着孩子了。分析选项,due to意为 “由于”;instead of意为“代替;相反”;apart from意为“除了……(都)”;as for意为“至于;关于”,故 选 B 项。
6. 答案:A
解析:根据后文“he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.”可知,15 个月大的孩子 没有掉入小溪,而是三岁大的孩子掉入了。所以此处 指作者认为自己紧盯着孩子是起作用了。分析选项,work意为“起作用 ”;happen意为“(偶然)发生; 碰巧”;matter意为“事关紧要;要紧”;change意为 “改变”,故选A项。
7. 答案:D
解析:根据后文 but storms move in fast in the mountains 可知,山里的暴风雨来得很猛烈,but 表 示转折,所以此处指作者一家人出发的时候天气还 是很晴朗的。分析选项,sign up意为“报名(参加课 程)”;calm down意为“冷静下来”;check out意为 “结账离开(旅馆等)”;head off意为“出发”,故选D项。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人出发时天 气晴朗,但是很快暴风雨就要来了,所以此处指 暴 风 雨 中 断 了 作 者 一 家 平 静的 晨 游 。分 析 选 项 ,arrange意为“安排;筹备”;interrupt意为“打扰”; complete意为“完成;结束”;record意为“记录;记 载”,故选B项。
9. 答案:A
解析:根据前文 storms move in fast in the mountains 和后文 and thunder rolled 可知,暴风雨就要来了,天 空中雷声滚滚;结合常识可知,暴风雨来临时风力 增强。分析选项,wind意为“风 ”;noise意为“噪 音”;temperature意为“温度”;speed意为“速度”,故选A项。
10. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨就要来了,天空 中雷声滚滚,因此作者的丈夫停止钓鱼,试图去启 动发动机(离开)。分析选项,find意为“找到”; hide意为“躲藏;躲避”;start意为“开始;启动”;fix意为“安装;修理”,故选C项。
11. 答案:A
解析:根据前文“Nothing. He tried again.”可知,发 动机无法启动,作者的丈夫又试了一次;根据后文 “We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,发动机还是无法启动,作者一家人被 困在湖中央。此处指作者一家人运气不佳。分析选 项,luck意为“幸运;运气 ”;answer意为“回答; 答案”;wonder意为“惊讶;惊奇”;signal意为“信 号;暗号”,故选A项。
12. 答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨来临,作者一家 人因为发动机不能工作而被困在湖中央。所以此处指 作者一家只能无助地坐在船上。分析选项,patiently意为“有耐心地”;tirelessly意为“不知疲倦地;精 力充沛地”;doubtfully意为“不确定地;怀疑地”; helplessly意为“无助地”,故选D项。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据前文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知,一位渔民帮助了作者一家 人,把他们的船拖到了岸上。所以此处指作者一家人 安全了。分析选项,sorry意为“难过的”;brave意为 “勇敢的”;safe意为“安全的”;right意为“正确的; 恰当的”,故选C项。
14. 答案:D
解析:根据后文 wondering what camping fun 可知,作者一家人都在期待以后的露营会带来什么乐趣,所以作者一家人在露营之前都会感到很兴奋。分析 选项,relief意为“宽慰;轻松”;duty意为“责任”; pride意为“自豪;骄傲 ”;excitement意为“激动; 兴奋”,故选D项。
15. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人的露营经历既 充满了乐趣,又充满了冒险。分析选项,failure意为 “失败;故障”;adventure意为“冒险”;performance意为“表演”;conflict意为“矛盾”,故选B项。
Passage 7
(东北三省四市联考)
Making a family For years, Dad had avoided raising a dog. Whenever the 1 came up, Dad said, “Dogs are a pain. I don’t want to be 2 .” Despite his opposition, Mom brought a puppy named Chip that transformed us all.
Instead of being a self-absorbed teenager, I began to 3 someone else. I had promised that if we got a dog, I’d be 4 , and I was. I fed and walked him every day. Chip taught me about 5 and consequences. I learned that it is rewarding to take care of others. And this 6 stayed with me as I grew.
Mom was always 7 to have someone just sit and listen, but our busy family didn’t sit still for that. Chip would sit with Mom, 8 his head at times and looking into Mom’s eyes.
The biggest 9 was from Dad. Dad was the first to allow him to sit on the sofa. He even made toys for him. Chip 10 Dad’s heart.
Chip united us. After dinner, we’d review 11 tricks or teach him new ones. We’d 12 funny stories of the cute things he had done that day. The important thing was that we’d do these together as a 13 .
People sometimes 14 that pet lovers treat their pets too much like humans. It doesn’t mean that they are abandoning humanity; rather, their pets stimulate the 15 of their humanity.
1. A. topic B. news C. question D. doubt
2. A. replaced B. defeated C. bothered D. monitored
3. A. rely on B. run after C. play with D. care for
4. A. sensible B. responsible C. ambitious D. generous
5. A. actions B. words C. effects D. costs
6. A. routine B. lesson C. habit D. hobby
7. A. dying B. unwilling C. disappointed D. annoyed
8. A. nodding B. lowering C. hanging D. raising
9. A. change B. challenge C. problem D. threat
10. A. protected B. followed C. softened D. hardened
11. A. previous B. complex C. simple D. basic
12. A. create B. cover C. share D. read
13. A. committee B. family C. company D. group
14. A. hope B. approve C. explain D. complain
15. A. darkness B. weakness C. future D. beauty
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:C
解析:根据第一段“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”和空格后的 especially from the early years when our children were little 可知,作者是在回忆和家 人露营的经历,其中一些回忆是有趣的。分析选项,idea意为“想法;主意”;joke意为“笑话;玩笑”; memory意为“回忆;记忆”;discovery意为“发现”,故选C项。
2. 答案:A
解析: 根 据 第 一 段 中的“w o n d e r f u l c a m p i n g experiences”和后文的“keep him near to our spot”可知,作者和家人在溪边露营。分析选项,camp意为 “宿营;露营”;drive意为“驾驶;开车”;walk意为 “散步”;cycle意为“骑自行车;骑自行车旅行”,故 选 A 项。前文中的 camping 为同根词复现提示。
3. 答案:D
解析:根据后文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知,作者在孩子腰部系上绳 索让其靠近自己,所以此处指作者是在担心孩子,防止他掉入小溪。分析选项,annoyed意为“生气的”;surprised意为“惊奇的;惊讶的”;disappointed意为“失望的;沮丧的”;worried意为“担心的;担 忧的”,故选D项。
4. 答案:C
解析:根据空格后的 his crying let the whole campground know it 可知,孩子腰部系上绳索后大哭不止,所 以此处指孩子腰上系着绳子,这让他感到不舒服。 分析选项,unhurt意为“未受伤的;未受伤害的 ”; unfortunate意为“不幸的”;uncomfortable意为“不舒服的”;unafraid意为“不害怕的”,故选C项。
5. 答案:B
解析:根据前文可知,孩子腰上系着绳索感到不舒 服而哭了起来;根据后文 I just kept a close eye on him 可知,作者只是密切关注孩子的举动,由此可推知,作者不再用绳索绑着孩子了。分析选项,due to意为 “由于”;instead of意为“代替;相反”;apart from意为“除了……(都)”;as for意为“至于;关于”,故 选 B 项。
6. 答案:A
解析:根据后文“he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.”可知,15 个月大的孩子 没有掉入小溪,而是三岁大的孩子掉入了。所以此处 指作者认为自己紧盯着孩子是起作用了。分析选项,work意为“起作用 ”;happen意为“(偶然)发生; 碰巧”;matter意为“事关紧要;要紧”;change意为 “改变”,故选A项。
7. 答案:D
解析:根据后文 but storms move in fast in the mountains 可知,山里的暴风雨来得很猛烈,but 表 示转折,所以此处指作者一家人出发的时候天气还 是很晴朗的。分析选项,sign up意为“报名(参加课 程)”;calm down意为“冷静下来”;check out意为 “结账离开(旅馆等)”;head off意为“出发”,故选D项。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人出发时天 气晴朗,但是很快暴风雨就要来了,所以此处指 暴 风 雨 中 断 了 作 者 一 家 平 静的 晨 游 。分 析 选 项 ,arrange意为“安排;筹备”;interrupt意为“打扰”; complete意为“完成;结束”;record意为“记录;记 载”,故选B项。
9. 答案:A
解析:根据前文 storms move in fast in the mountains 和后文 and thunder rolled 可知,暴风雨就要来了,天 空中雷声滚滚;结合常识可知,暴风雨来临时风力 增强。分析选项,wind意为“风 ”;noise意为“噪 音”;temperature意为“温度”;speed意为“速度”,故选A项。
10. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨就要来了,天空 中雷声滚滚,因此作者的丈夫停止钓鱼,试图去启 动发动机(离开)。分析选项,find意为“找到”; hide意为“躲藏;躲避”;start意为“开始;启动”;fix意为“安装;修理”,故选C项。
11. 答案:A
解析:根据前文“Nothing. He tried again.”可知,发 动机无法启动,作者的丈夫又试了一次;根据后文 “We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知,发动机还是无法启动,作者一家人被 困在湖中央。此处指作者一家人运气不佳。分析选 项,luck意为“幸运;运气 ”;answer意为“回答; 答案”;wonder意为“惊讶;惊奇”;signal意为“信 号;暗号”,故选A项。
12. 答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,暴风雨来临,作者一家 人因为发动机不能工作而被困在湖中央。所以此处指 作者一家只能无助地坐在船上。分析选项,patiently意为“有耐心地”;tirelessly意为“不知疲倦地;精 力充沛地”;doubtfully意为“不确定地;怀疑地”; helplessly意为“无助地”,故选D项。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据前文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知,一位渔民帮助了作者一家 人,把他们的船拖到了岸上。所以此处指作者一家人 安全了。分析选项,sorry意为“难过的”;brave意为 “勇敢的”;safe意为“安全的”;right意为“正确的; 恰当的”,故选C项。
14. 答案:D
解析:根据后文 wondering what camping fun 可知,作者一家人都在期待以后的露营会带来什么乐趣,所以作者一家人在露营之前都会感到很兴奋。分析 选项,relief意为“宽慰;轻松”;duty意为“责任”; pride意为“自豪;骄傲 ”;excitement意为“激动; 兴奋”,故选D项。
15. 答案:B
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一家人的露营经历既 充满了乐趣,又充满了冒险。分析选项,failure意为 “失败;故障”;adventure意为“冒险”;performance意为“表演”;conflict意为“矛盾”,故选B项。
Passage 8
(2024 全国Ⅱ真题)
One day, we had a family dinner. While the adults were busy with their serious talk outside, I was left alone in the 1 to help my grandmother wash dishes. 2 my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood.
Born just before WWⅡ, my grandmother 3 an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine. She did not have a chance to go to 4 . Like in typical families, where boys were 5 much more than girls, my grandma had to stay at home to do 6 . The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 7 was when her brother was having Chinese 8 with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening 9 .
This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite 10 , especially whenever we share the newspaper. On most weekends, my grandmother, a young girl then, and her brother would go to the 11 . There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their 12 while they watched all action going on around them. This is something I 13 —her ability to open her 14 underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.
My childhood is quite 15 compared with hers. I am 16 that I did not need to 17 the hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of 18 . I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 19 to: her stories always make my history textbooks 20 .
1. A. sitting room B. kitchen C. yard D. dining hall
2. A. As always B. By the way C. For example D. Here and now
3. A. adjusted B. promoted C. achieved D. experienced
4. A. work B. school C. court D. press
5. A. favored B. tolerated C. trusted D. acknowledged
6. A. gardening B. homework C. business D. housework
7. A. exercise B. study C. explore D. teach
8. A. food B. guests C. lessons D. tea
9. A. closely B. directly C. nervously D. freely
10. A. professional B. awkward C. simple D. practical
11. A. market B. mountain C. beach D. class
12. A. secret B. breath C. view D. tongue
13. A. admire B. notice C. adopt D. value
14. A. hands B. mouth C. eyes D. arms
15. A. difficult B. complex C. happy D. similar
16. A. grateful B. surprised C. convinced D. regretful
17. A. reflect upon B. go through C. ask about D. prepare for
18. A. unemployment B. health C. education D. communication
19. A. attend B. refer C. lead D. talk
20. A. come true B. come round C. come out D. come alive
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的“One day, we had a family dinner.”及设空后的to help my grandmother wash dishes可知,一家人吃完晚饭后,作者应该是留在了厨房(kitchen)帮奶奶洗碗,故选B项。分析其他选项,sitting room意为“起居室;客厅”;yard意为“庭院”;dining hall意为“食堂;餐厅”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood可知,奶奶过去经常会给作者讲她童年的故事,结合尾段尾句的her stories always make my history textbooks可推知,此处指作者的奶奶像往常一样(As always)会给作者讲她的童年的故事,故选A项。分析其他选项,By the way意为“便提一句”;For example意为“例如”;Here and now意为“此时此刻”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine及最后一段中的our different childhood background可知,此处指作者和奶奶两人经历了(experienced)不同的童年的生活方式,故选D项。分析其他选项,adjusted意为“调整”;promoted意为“促销;促进”;achieved意为“实现”,
均不符合语境。
4. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的“The only opportunity(机会) she could seize to was when her brother was having Chinese with the family tutor.”可知,作者的奶奶只能在自己的兄弟跟家教老师学习时旁听,由此可推知,此处是在说她没有机会上学(school),故选B项。分析其他选项,work意为“工作”;court意为“法院”;press意为“出版社”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的“Like in typical families, where boys were”和设空后的much more than girls,以及后文提到的奶奶非常受限的教育机会可知,此处指男孩们会受到偏爱(favored),故选A项。分析其他选项,tolerated意为“容忍”;trusted意为“信任”;acknowledged意为“承认”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:D
解析:根据上题分析可知,一般家庭里,女孩不受重视,结合生活常识可推知,此处指作者的奶奶不得不待在家做家务(housework),故选D项。分析其他选项,gardening意为“园艺工作”;homework意为“家庭作业”;business意为“商业;生意”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的“when her brother was having Chinese with the family tutor”可知,这是作者的奶奶唯一能抓住的学习机会,故选B项。分析其他选项,exercise意为“锻炼”;explore意为“探索”;teach意为“教”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的with the family tutor可知,此处指作者奶奶的兄弟在跟家庭教师上中文课(lessons),故选C项。分析其他选项,food意为“食物”;guests意为“客人”;tea意为“茶”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的“The only opportunity(机会)she could seize”以及She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table可知,对于这个难得的学习机会,作者的奶奶应该会非常珍惜,听得非常仔细(closely),故选A项。分析其他选项,directly意为“直接地”;nervously意为“紧张地”;freely意为“自由地”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前的This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down可知,这种训练教会她把中文倒过来读和写,结合设空后的especially whenever we share the newspaper可推知,此处指作者奶奶的这个技能是很实用的(practical),故选D项。分析其他选项,professional意为“职业的;专业的”;awkward意为“令人尴尬的;使人难堪的”;simple意为“简单的”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后一句“There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their while they watched all action going on around them.”可知,在那里他们会穿过深水,盘腿在水下坐下,由此可知,作者的奶奶小时候会跟兄弟一起去海滩(beach),故选C项。分析其他选项,market意为“市场”;mountain意为“大山”;class意为“班级”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的“they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater”可知,此处是在描述作者奶奶在水下的动作,即“屏住呼吸(breath)”,故选B项。分析其他选项,secret意为“秘密”;view意为“视角;观点”;tongue意为“舌头”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的“her ability to open her underwater and still sit comfortably on the seabed.”可推知,作者觉得奶奶有着非凡的水下技能,因此她很钦佩(admire)奶奶,故选A项。分析其他选项,notice意为“注意”;adopt意为“采用;领养”;value意为“珍视”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:C
解析:根据设空前一句“There, they would walk through deep water, sit down cross-legged underwater and hold their while they watched all action going on around them.”可知,作者的奶奶在海底时是睁着眼睛(eyes)的,故选C项。
15. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后一句的“I did not need to the hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of.”可推知,跟作者的奶奶相比,作者的童年生活是非常幸福的(happy),因为作者不用像奶奶一样经历那种艰辛,也不用面对某些问题,故选C项。分析其他选项,difficult意为“困难的”;complex意为“复杂的”;similar意为“相似的”,均不符合语境。
16. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的“I did not need to the hardships like she did. I’ve never faced the problem of.”可知,作者的童年生活比奶奶幸福,由此可推断,她应是对自己的童年经历心怀感激的,故选A项。分析其他选项,surprised意为“令人惊喜的”;convinced意为“坚信不移的”;regretful意为“遗憾的;后悔的”,均不符合语境。
17. 答案:B
解析:前文提到作者的奶奶曾经经历了很多艰难困苦,相比之下,作者的生活就很幸福,由此可知,此处指作者不必经受(go through)奶奶所经历的艰难困苦,故选B项。分析其他选项,reflect upon意为“反思;反省”;ask about意为“询问;打听”;prepare for意为“为……做准备”,均不符合语境。
18. 答案:C
解析:文章第二段提到作者的奶奶童年时没有机会上学,仅有的受教育的机会是旁听自己兄弟的家教课,由此可知,此处指作者不用面对教育(education)问题,故选C项。分析其他选项,unemployment意为“失业”;health意为“健康”;communication意为“通信;交流”,均不符合语境。
19. 答案:D
解析:根据第一段中的my grandmother would tell me stories about her childhood可知,作者的奶奶会给作者讲她童年的故事,由此可推知,此处指作者的奶奶是一个很好的交谈对象,talk to意为“和……交谈”,符合语境,故选D项。分析其他选项,attend to意为“处理;照顾;注意”;refer to意为“提到;查阅”;lead to意为“通向;导致”,均不符合语境。
20. 答案:D
解析:根据第二段的Born just before WWⅡ以及最后一段的our different childhood background可知,对作者来说,奶奶的故事都是她未曾经历过的历史,因此作者奶奶的讲述使课本中的历史变得生动有趣(come alive),故选D项。分析其他选项,come true意为“实现”;come around意为“(按照预期)发生,再度出现;拜访;苏醒”;come out意为“出版;(事实)暴露,披露”,均不符合语境。
Passage 9
(广东广州一模)
The train had been long delayed. Running out of 1 , Andy put down his book and looked out. He found the 2 at once: It was raining hard.
He lay down and fell asleep but was soon woken up by a woman. She handed him his bag and 3 that it had slipped to the floor. He gratefully took it back and opened it, 4 to see his mother’s scarf and some sandwiches inside.
Andy’s thoughts drifted(飘) to when he was 5 . His mother had insisted on putting her scarf in. “If it rains, it may get cold.” He remembered feeling 6 and had taken it out. But it was still here.
7 , Andy realized he was burning with fever. Feeling helpless, he called his mum. “Take a 8 . I have put in medicine, just 9 ,” she suggested. Touched by his mother’s 10 , he took the medicine and soon fell deep asleep in the 11 of the scarf.
Andy woke up later feeling much better. Then he noticed the woman, who’d 12 him earlier, 13 holding a baby in her arms, both shaking. Their clothes did little against the cold wind.
Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby. To his 14 , the child soon fell asleep in the love of not one, but two 15 .
1. A. luck B. patience C. time D. energy
2. A. train B. truth C. cause D. notice
3. A. insisted B. explained C. apologized D. admitted
4. A. surprised B. ready C. thankful D. expected
5. A. checking B. leaving C. planning D. packing
6. A. hurt B. annoyed C. ashamed D. puzzled
7. A. Lately B. Finally C. Suddenly D. Instantly
8. A. look B. pill C. rest D. sandwich
9. A. for safety B. on purpose C. in case D. by accident
10. A. calmness B. confidence C. comfort D. care
11. A. warmth B. memory C. smell D. touch
12. A. helped B. pleased C. disturbed D. greeted
13. A. comfortably B. safely C. gently D. tightly
14. A. relief B. amazement C. mind D. advantage
15. A. arms B. scarfs C. passengers D. mothers
主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前一句“The train had been long delayed.”及设空后的“Andy put down his book and looked out.”可推知,火车晚点很久,Andy 失去了耐 心(patience),于是放下书看向窗外,故选B项。分析其他选项,luck意为“幸运”;time意为“时间”; energy意为“能量”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 It was raining hard 可推知,Andy 发现大雨是火车晚点的原因(cause),故选C项。分析其他选项,train意为“火车”;truth意为“真相”; notice意为“通知”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:B
解析:根据语境可知,Andy 被一位女士叫醒,她把 Andy的包递给了他,并解释(explain)说他的包掉 到了地上,故选B项。分析其他选项,insist意为 “坚持”;apologize意为“道歉”;admit意为“承认”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:A
解析:根据第三段最后两句“He remembered feeling _______ and had taken it out. But it was still here.”可知,Andy记忆里已经将母亲准备的围巾从包中取出来了,但事实上围巾仍在包里,由此可推知,Andy 打开包看到围巾时应是惊讶的(surprised),故选A项。 分析其他选项,ready意为“准备好的;现成的”; thankful意为“感谢的”;expected意为“预料的;预 期的”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:D
解析:下文提到 Andy的母亲坚持让Andy 将围巾带上,因为如果下雨的话,天气会冷,但是 Andy 却选择把围巾从打包的行李里拿出来,由此可知,此处 Andy 应该是在回想打包(pack)行李的场景,故选D项。分析其他选项,check意为“检查”;leave意为“离开”;plan意为“计划”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:B
解析:根据前文中母亲的叮嘱及设空后的 had taken it out 可知,Andy 应该是感觉到很烦(annoyed),并且 将围巾取了出来,故选B项。分析其他选项,hurt意为“受伤的”;ashamed意为“惭愧的”;puzzled意为 “困惑的;迷惑不解的”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:C
解析:上文提到 Andy 看到了行李里母亲准备的东西 并回想起打包行李的场景,此处话题一转,Andy 意 识到自己生病了,结合选项,suddenly意为“突然”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,lately意为 “最近”;finally意为“终于”;instantly意为“立刻; 马上”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 I have put in medicine 可知,Andy的母亲为其在行李中备了药,以防万一(in case),所以当 Andy 觉得生病无助的时候,母亲应 该会提醒他吃一片药(pill),故选B项。分析其他选项,look意为“看”;rest意为“休息”;sandwich意为“三明治”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:C
解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,for safety意为“为了安全”;on purpose意为“故意”;by accident意为“偶然地”,均不符合语境,故选C项。
10. 答案:D
解析:根据上文对 Andy的母亲的描述可知,这位母 亲对儿子的关心无微不至,所以此处 Andy 应该是被 母亲的关心(care)感动了,故选D项。分析其他选项,calmness意为“冷静”;confidence意为“信心”; comfort意为“安慰”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,外面在下大雨,Andy 发 现自己发烧了,给母亲打电话时得到了母亲的关爱 和叮嘱,此处 Andy 应该是戴着母亲准备的围巾,在 温暖(warmth)中睡着了,故选A项。分析其他选项,memory意为“记忆”;smell意为“气味”;touch意为“触觉”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 the woman 以及设空后的 earlier 可知,此处 Andy 注意到的女人应该是之前有过交集的女人,所以应该是之前帮助(help)Andy 捡包的那 位女士,故选A项。分析其他选项,please意为“使 满意”;disturb意为“打扰”;greet意为“迎接;打招 呼”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“holding a baby in her arms, both shaking. Their clothes did little against the cold wind.” 可知,这位女士和怀抱着的小婴儿都被冻得瑟瑟发 抖,所以这位女士应该是紧紧地(tightly)抱着婴儿,故选D项。分析其他选项,comfortably意为“舒服 地”;safely意为“安全地”;gently意为“温柔地”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前一句“Without thinking twice, Andy wrapped his mother’s scarf around the baby.”可知,Andy 充满善心,将自己的围巾给了婴儿,所以看见 婴儿入睡,Andy 应该会觉得宽慰(relief),故选A项。分析其他选项,amazement意为“吃惊”;mind意为“头脑”;advantage意为“优势”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,围巾表达了 Andy 母亲的 爱,婴儿披着围巾在自己母亲的怀抱中睡着,应该 是在两个母亲(mother)的爱中入睡了,故选D项。 分析其他选项,arm意为“胳膊 ”;scarf意为“围 巾”;passenger意为“乘客”,均不符合语境。
Passage 10
(河北石家庄教学质量检测)
Jonathan Jones, 12, was overcome with emotion after his principal, who is also colorblind, let him 1 his unique glasses during the science class last week.
As soon as Jones put the glasses on, he appeared to be immediately 2 . He initially smiled and laughed, but he 3 moments later. He then walked around the classroom excitedly, 4 the vivid colors around him.
“I was feeling joy that I could 5 see all this color and a little bit of 6 that I couldn’t see color my whole life,” Jones told ABC News.
The boy’s mother posted a(n) 7 of Jones seeing color for the first time online and started a GoFundMe campaign to buy a pair of the unique glasses for Jones, which reportedly cost $350. However, so many people were 8 by Jones’s story, and the campaign actually ended up 9 more than $25,000.
She wrote, “After posting the video, we’ve been touched by how many 10 people have wanted to help him. We’ve had 11 pairs donated to Jones and will use 100% of donated funds to purchase color-blind glasses for those who can’t 12 them.” “The glasses company will 13 every pair we purchase with a free pair, which doubles the number of people we can 14 ,” she continued.
For Jones, with the new glasses comes a new 15 of the world. He said his favorite color is blue and that he’s excited to visit the Caribbean this winter so he can see the ocean in all its glory.
1. A. borrow B. polish C. remove D. adjust
2. A. disappointed B. annoyed C. surprised D. embarrassed
3. A. calmed down B. broke down C. cheered up D. woke up
4. A. mixing B. painting C. changing D. exploring
5. A. finally B. rarely C. constantly D. occasionally
6. A. tension B. sadness C. relief D. shame
7. A. picture B. article C. video D. introduction
8. A. moved B. shocked C. confused D. entertained
9. A. loaning B. costing C. saving D. collecting
10. A. wealthy B. generous C. competent D. ambitious
11. A. limited B. cheap C. multiple D. fashionable
12. A. find B. produce C. fix D. afford
13. A. match B. equip C. replace D. compare
14. A. treat B. instruct C. help D. accompany
15. A. future B. view C. situation D. record
主题语境:人与社会——做人与做事
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 who is also color-blind 可知,校 长也是色盲患者;再根据设空后的 his unique glasses 以及第二段第一句中的 Jones put the glasses on 可知,Jones 戴上了校长的特殊眼镜。由此可推知,校长让 Jones 借用(borrow)自己的眼镜,故选A项。分析其他选项,polish意为“磨光;润色”;remove意为 “去除;脱下”;adjust意为“调整;适应”,均不符 合语境。
2. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 smiled and laughed 以及 walked around the classroom excitedly 可知,Jones 戴上眼镜 后表现出的情绪应该是惊喜的(surprised),符合语 境,故选C项。分析其他选项,disappointed意为 “失望的”;annoyed意为“生气的”;embarrassed意为“尴尬的”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 but 可知,前后分句构成转折关 系。根据设空前的 initially smiled and laughed 可知,此处应选与“笑 ”语意相反的词组。break down意为“感情失控(痛哭起来)”,符合语境,故选B项。 分析其他选项,calm down意为“(使)平静下来”; cheer up意为“(使)振作起来”;wake up意为“醒 来”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的 the vivid colors around him 并结 合常识可知,Jones 患有色盲,在戴上校长的特殊的 眼镜后,他可以看见以前没有见过的鲜艳的色彩,此处应该是他探索(explore)着周围鲜艳的色彩,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,mix意为“使混合”;paint意为“用颜料画”;change意为“改变”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容以及选项可知,此处表示 Jones 感到非常高兴,因为他终于(finally)能看到五彩 缤纷的颜色了,故选A项。分析其他选项,rarely意为“少见地 ”;constantly意为“重复不断地 ”; occasionally意为“偶然”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 feeling joy 和 see all this color 以 及设空后的 I couldn’t see color my whole life 可知,此处应选与 joy 意义相反的词汇。sadness意为“难 过”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,tension意为“紧张;焦虑”;relief意为“宽慰”;shame意为 “羞愧”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:C
解析:根据第五段第一句中的 After posting the video 可知,此处应指 Jones的妈妈在网上发布了一段 Jones 第一次看到颜色的视频(video),故选C项。分析其他选项,picture意为“图片”;article意为“文 章”;introduction意为“介绍”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:A
解析:前文提到 Jones的妈妈发起活动的目的是给 儿子筹钱买一副价值 350 美元的特殊的眼镜,而根 据后文 more than $25,000 可知,最终筹集(collect) 了两万五千多美元。由此可知,此处指很多人都被 Jones的故事感动了(moved),故选A项。分析其他选项,shocked意为“震惊的”;confused意为“迷惑的”;entertained意为“娱乐的”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:D
解析:参见上一题解析。分析其他选项,loan意为 “借出;借款”;cost意为“花费 ”;save意为“节 省”,均不符合语境,故选D项。
10. 答案:B
解析:根据常识可知,给 Jones 捐款帮助他的人应该 是慷慨的(generous)人,故选B项。分析其他选项,wealthy意为“富裕的”;competent意为“足以胜任的”;ambitious意为“有雄心的”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:C
解析:前文提到募集到的善款远远超出预计的善 款,结合选项可知,此处应表示 Jones 得到了很 多(multiple)副色盲眼镜,故选C项。分析其他选项,limited意为“有限的”;cheap意为“便宜的”; fashionable意为“潮流的”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:D
解析:前文提到 Jones的妈妈在网上发视频筹钱买色 盲眼镜,说明他们自己买不起色盲眼镜,因此当他 们募集到了钱时会想帮助那些和他们一样的人,即 那些不能买得起(afford)色盲眼镜的患者,故选D项。分析其他选项,find意为“找到”;produce意为 “生产”;fix意为“使固定”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 which doubles the number of people 可知,此处表示眼镜公司将会给 Jones的妈妈 买的每一副眼镜都配(match)一副免费的(眼镜),即买一送一,故选A项。分析其他选项,equip意为“装备”;replace意为“取代”;compare意为“比 较”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,眼镜公司决定买一送一,这样就可以帮助(help)到双倍的人,故选C项。分析其他选项,treat意为“对待;看待”;instruct意为 “命令;指导”;accompany意为“陪伴”,均不符合 语境。
15. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 He said his favorite color is blue and that he’s excited to visit the Caribbean this winter 可知,戴上眼镜后的 Jones 对世界有了新的看法 (view),故选B项。分析其他选项,future意为“未 来”;situation意为“情况”;record意为“记录”,均 不符合语境。
Passage 11
(山东济南一模)
I was a stay-at-home dad, which gave me plenty of time to cook. Ever since I was a kid, cooking has been one of my 1 . My dad had given me some great advice. “If you’re gonna cook,” he began, “you might as well make sure it’s tasty.” So with that 2 , I’d set about making each dish as 3 as I could. I figured that if something looked and 4 good, then chances were that it would taste great too.
One day, I was surfing the Internet when I noticed my best friend, Dave, had 5 a video of him cooking. He was 6 in The Fathering Project, a non-profit organization that helped men be the best dads they could be. “We’re always looking for content,” he said. “Can you 7 your videos with us?” I was more than happy to 8 other fathers to get into the kitchen. So I started to 9 videos of my cooking. I also gave viewers plenty of 10 . “The kitchen can be a place to 11 with others,” I told them. My son and daughter helped me with washing and cutting, but most importantly, we all shared a 12 with each other.
My videos grew so 13 that dads around the country were setting out for my suggestions. It’s been an enormous 14 to transform my enthusiasm into something that’s helping others. I hope my videos will keep giving dads a taste of the 15 cooking brings to our lives.
1. A. choices B. jobs C. passions D. dreams
2. A. evidence B. philosophy C. permit D. warning
3. A. large B. simple C. memorable D. expensive
4. A. smelt B. sounded C. remained D. felt
5. A. reserved B. posted C. downloaded D. sold
6. A. settled B. satisfied C. compared D. involved
7. A. share B. exchange C. trouble D. confirm
8. A. qualify B. require C. encourage D. persuade
9. A. review B. film C. watch D. select
10. A. likes B. orders C. requests D. tips
11. A. argue B. compete C. connect D. agree
12. A. laugh B. story C. lesson D. discussion
13. A. familiar B. popular C. wild D. visible
14. A. chance B. pleasure C. responsibility D. task
15. A. magic B. energy C. fail D. effect
主题语境:人与自我——生活与学习
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:C
解析:根据后文内容可知,作者很喜欢做饭,所以此 处应表示在作者小时候,烹饪就是作者热衷的爱好 (passion)之一”,故选C项。分析其他选项,choice意为“选择”;job意为“工作”;dream意为“梦想”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的“My dad had given me some great advice.”可知,父亲给了作者一些做饭的好建议;根 据后文语境可知,此处表示作者把父亲的建议当作 自己的生活信条(philosophy),尽可能把每道菜都 做好,故选B项。分析其他选项,evidence意为“证 据”;permit意为“许可证”;warning意为“警告”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,父亲建议作者尽可能把每 道菜都做得可口,结合选项可知,此处指作者尽力 把每道菜都做得令人难忘(memorable),故选C项。 分析其他选项,large意为“大的”;simple意为“简 单的”;expensive意为“昂贵的”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 taste great too 并结合常识可知,在做饭方面,作者认为如果某样东西看起来以及闻 起来(smell)都很好,那么它尝起来很可能也会很 好,故选A项。分析其他选项,sound意为“听起 来”;remain意为“仍然是”;feel意为“感觉”,均 不符合语境。
5. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 surfing the Internet 和设空后的 a video of him cooking 可知,此处指作者在网上注意到 自己最好的朋友 Dave 上传(post)了一段 Dave 做饭的视频,故选B项。分析其他选项,reserve意为“预 订”;download意为“下载”;sell意为“出售”,均 不符合语境。
6. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“The Fathering Project, a nonprofit organization”可知,作者的朋友参与了“父 亲项目”。be involved in... 为固定搭配,意为“参 与……”,故选D项。分析其他选项,settled意为 “稳定的”;satisfied意为“满意的”;compared意为 “比较的”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前一句的“We’re always looking for content”可知,“父亲项目”一直在寻找视频素材,所 以此处指 Dave 问:“你能和我们分享(share)你的视 频吗?”,故选A项。分析其他选项,exchange意为 “交换”;trouble意为“使烦恼”;confirm意为“证 实”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:C
解析:根据后文内容可知,作者同意了朋友的提议并 开始拍摄烹饪的视频,所以此处应表示作者非常乐 意鼓励(encourage)其他父亲走进厨房,故选C项。 分析其他选项,qualify意为“使有权(做某事);取 得资格(或学历)”;require意为“需要”;persuade意为“说服”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后一句的“I also gave viewers plenty of _______”可知,作者开始拍摄烹饪视频了。film 在 此作动词,意为“拍摄 ”,故选B项。分析其他选项,review意为“复查;复习”;watch意为“观看”; select意为“选择”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:D
解析:根据后文语境和本句中的 gave viewers plenty of 可知,作者还给了观众许多提示(tip),故选D项。分析其他选项,like意为“喜欢”;order意为“命 令”;request意为“要求”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 with others 并结合下一句中的 My son and daughter helped me with washing and cutting 可知,作者认为厨房还是与他人沟通的地方,connect 此处意为“(与某人)建立良好关系,沟通”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,argue意为 “争论”;compete意为“竞争”;agree意为“同意”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者认为厨房是与他人沟 通的地方,结合本句语境和选项可知,此处指作者 和儿女一起欢笑(laugh),故选A项。分析其他选项,story意为“故事”;lesson意为“教训”;discussion意为“讨论”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 dads around the country were setting out for my suggestions 可知,全国的父亲都开 始采纳作者的建议。由此可知,作者的视频深受欢迎 (popular),故选B项。分析其他选项,familiar意为 “熟悉的”;wild意为“野生的”;visible意为“可见的”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 transform my enthusiasm into something that’s helping others 可知,作者把自己的 热情转化为帮助他人的事。结合常识可知,这会让 作者感到很快乐(pleasure),故选B项。分析其他选项,chance意为“机会”;responsibility意为“责任”; task“任务”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者很开心自己的视频可 以帮助到他人,结合本句语境和选项可知,作者希 望自己的视频能继续让父亲们尝到烹饪给他们的生活带来的魔力(magic),故选A项。分析其他选项,energy意为“精力”;fail意为“不及格”;effect意为 “效果”,均不符合语境。
Passage 12
(江苏南京、盐城二模)
There was an oak tree in my yard, close to where neighbors parked their cars. One day I saw a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel, as if 1 it. So I picked up a rock, and being 2 to aim, I threw the rock at the bird... but the stone bounced off a 3 breaking the windshield (挡风玻璃) of a new white Prius car. My blood ran cold.
In 4 yet calm, I put my personal information under the windshield, went back inside, and watched to 5 which neighbor’s car window I had destroyed. Later a young man came to the Prius and I ran out to 6 the accident and promised to 7 . He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very 8 . After some 9 , I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party... and now they had no car! I quietly cried 10 but that made this family even kinder—they 11 me and decided to take a taxi.
The very next day I received a 12 from an agent of the man’s insurance office. In a(n) 13 voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation of how this accidental damage occurred and agreed to 14 all.
I was impressed by the example set by everyone concerned and what 15 looked like.
1. A. parenting B. hunting C. defending D. coaching
2. A. certain B. free C. likely D. willing
3. A. car B. relative C. branch D. neighbor
4. A. delight B. anxiety C. despair D. curiosity
5. A. imagine B. judge C. record D. see
6. A. explain B. prevent C. witness D. investigate
7. A. take responsibility B. make changes C. turn up D. back down
8. A. confused B. kind C. active D. scared
9. A. conflicts B. examination C. exchanges D. reflection
10. A. in relief B. with fear C. in regret D. with anger
11. A. surprised B. inspired C. guided D. comforted
12. A. ticket B. letter C. receipt D. call
13. A. mixed B. thrilled C. displeased D. unexpected
14. A. sponsor B. cover C. admit D. release
15. A. justice B. optimism C. forgiveness D. sympathy
主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 a big bird surrounding a baby squirrel 可知,一只大鸟围着一只小松鼠。根据设空 后一句中的 I threw the rock at the bird 可知,作者朝 大鸟扔石头,由此推断,那只大鸟想猎取(hunt)小 松鼠,故选B项。分析其他选项,parent意为“养 育”;defend意为“防御;保护”;coach意为“训练; 指导”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:A
解析:根据本句语境并结合生活常识可知,此处指 作者捡起一块石头,先确定(certain)目标再朝那只 鸟扔去,故选A项。分析其他选项,free意为“自 由的;免费的”;likely意为“可能的”;willing意为 “愿意的”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:C
解析:根据第一段第一句“There was an oak tree in my yard, close to where neighbors parked their cars.”可知,院子里有一棵橡树,离邻居停车的地方很近。根据设空后的内容可知,作者所扔出的石头改变了方向误 打到了邻居的新车,故可推断此处应该是石头从树 枝(branch)上弹开了,故选C项。分析其他选项,car意为“轿车”;relative意为“亲戚”;neighbor意为“邻居”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后 yet calm 并结合常识可知,打破了 别人的玻璃,作者应是焦虑的,in anxiety意为“处于 焦虑状态 ”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,delight意为“高兴”;despair意为“绝望”;curiosity意为“好奇心”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:D
解析:根据后文的 which neighbor’s car window I had destroyed 可知,作者想看看(see)自己打破了哪个 邻居的车窗,故选D项。分析其他选项,imagine意为“想象”;judge意为“判断”;record意为“记录”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 the accident 和本句语境可知,一个年轻人来到车前,作者跑出去向年轻人解释 (explain)这件事发生的原委,故选A项。分析其他选项,prevent意为“阻止 ”;witness意为“目击 ”; investigate意为“调查”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:A
解析:根据语境可知,作者解释了这件事发生的原 委后,还许诺承担责任(take responsibility),故选A项。分析其他选项,make changes意为“做出改 变”;turn up意为“调高;出现”;back down意为 “放弃”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的“He was a mild and gentle man. He called his relatives—my neighbors, who were also very”可知,邻居和年轻人一样,都很友善(kind)。 本段最后一句中的 even kinder 和下一段中的 kindness 为此空的词汇复现提示,故选B项。分析其他选项,confused意为“困惑的”;active意为“积极的”; scared意为“害怕的”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 I knew that they planned to attend a wedding party 可知,这里指双方经过交谈 (exchange),作者才知道他们打算参加婚礼,故 选 C 项。分析其他选项,conflict意为“冲突 ”; examination意为“检查”;reflection意为“反映”,均 不符合语境。
10. 答案:C
解析:根据设空前的 I quietly cried 可知,作者很后 悔(in regret),因为自己破坏了别人的计划,故选C项。分析其他选项,in relief意为“松了口气”;with fear意为“害怕地”;with anger意为“生气地”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前的 but that made this family even kinder 以及设空后的 decided to take a taxi 可知,这 家人非常友善,他们不仅没有责备作者,反而安 慰(comfort)作者,并决定打车去参加婚礼,故选D项。分析其他选项,surprise意为“(使)吃惊 ”; inspire意为“鼓舞”;guide意为“指引”,均不符合 语境。
12. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后一句中的 voice of further kindness 可知,此处指作者接到男人保险公司的一个代理人的电话(call),故选D项。分析其他选项,ticket意为“票”;letter意为“信件”;receipt意为“收据”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“voice of further kindness, she accepted my explanation”并结合常识可知,作者本 以为对方会严肃处理,但是电话中对方却以一种出 乎意料的(unexpected)友好的语气,接受了作者的 解释,故选D项。分析其他选项,mixed意为“混合的”;thrilled意为“极为激动”;displeased意为“不 高兴的”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:B
解析:根据前后文语境可知,代理人同意将这次意 外损坏算入保险范围内,动词 cover 表示“给……保 险”,符合语境,故选B项。分析其他选项,sponsor意为“赞助”;admit意为“承认”;release意为“释 放”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:C
解析:结合前文内容可知,作者意外打破了别人的车 窗,但是取得了年轻人及其亲戚的谅解,连保险代理人对作者也很友好,由此推断,此处表示作者对 每个相关的人树立的榜样及他们宽恕(forgiveness)的样子印象深刻,故选C项。分析其他选项,justice意为“公平”;optimism意为“乐观”;sympathy意为 “同情”,均不符合语境。
B组(冲刺满分)
Passage 13
(2023 浙江1月真题)
The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to 1 a unique honey harvest. Here, in southeast Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱) are placed in the 2 . Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often 3 .
I 4 beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He 5 handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and 6 the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began 7 . He stopped every few minutes to move the 8 higher up the tree trunk.
9 , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he 10 towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d 11 the trunk and was back on the ground.
It was too 12 to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed 13 . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were 14 and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right 15 to go back up.
1. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness
2. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves
3. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless
4. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited
5. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked
6. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated
7. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing
8. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey
9. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately
10. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched
11. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto
12. A. high B. early C. fast D. close
13. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading
14. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry
15. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order
主题语境:人与自然——自然生态
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:D
解析:根据本段首句可知,作者在前往哈伦纳森林的路上。再结合下文可知,作者去那里是为了见证 一次独特的采蜜行动,witness意为“见证”,符合语 境,故选D项。分析其他选项,share意为“分享”; collect意为“收集”;celebrate意为“庆祝”,均不符 合语境。
2. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 Reaching them to get the honey is difficult 可推知,蜂箱处于难以够到的地方,treetop意为“树梢 ”,符合语境。在第二段最后一句“He stopped every few minutes to move the _______ higher up the tree trunk.”中亦有提示,故选C项。分析其他选项,courtyard意为“庭院”;field意为“田野”;cave意为“洞穴”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:B
解析:前文提到想要够到蜂箱采集蜂蜜是很困难的,且 and 表示并列关系,因此该空应与形容词 difficult 相呼应,dangerous意为“危险的”,符合语境;后文 提到养蜂人爬到树上徒手采摘蜂蜜时,被蜜蜂攻击,这也说明了其危险性,故选B项。分析其他选项,urgent意为“紧急的 ”;expensive意为“昂贵的 ”; pointless意为“毫无意义的”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:C
解析:此处描述作者进入哈伦纳森林的场景,结合选 项可知,作者应该是跟着(follow)养蜂人穿过草原 进入了丛林,故选C项。分析其他选项,search意为 “搜索”;recognise意为“认识到”;invite意为“邀 请”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 wrapped them with string 并结合 常识可知,养蜂人应是先收集(gather)了几把潮湿的树叶,然后用绳子把它们捆在一起,故选A项。 分析其他选项,clean意为“清理”;drop意为“(意 外地)落下,掉下”;check意为“检查”,均不符合 语境。
6. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 to create a torch 可知,养蜂人要 制作一个火把,因此他需要点燃(light)捆好的树叶,故选B项。分析其他选项,shake意为“摇动;颤 抖”;measure意为“测量”;decorate意为“装饰”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前的 with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree 可知,养蜂人将绳子的两头分别捆在自己的腰上和树干上,由此可推知,这是他为了往树上爬所做的准备,故 选 D 项。分析其他选项,jump意为“跳”;talk意为 “谈论”;test意为“测试”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:C
解析:结合前文与本句语境可知,养蜂人将绳子的两 头分别捆在自己的腰上和树干上,爬的过程中每隔 几分钟就停下来,向上移动系在树上的绳索(rope),以便让自己爬到更高处,故选C项。分析其他选项,hive意为“蜂箱”;leaf意为“树叶”;honey意为“蜂 蜜”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:A
解析:作者按时间顺序描述养蜂人采集蜂蜜的过程,根据设空后的 got close to the hive 可知,养蜂人即 将到达目的地,因此此处表示最后(Finally),养蜂 人靠近了蜂箱,到达了离地面约 20 米的高处,故选A项。分析其他选项,surprisingly意为“惊人地 ”; naturally意为“自然地 ”;immediately意为“立即 地”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:D
解析:根据前文内容可知,养蜂人坐在距离地面 20 米高的树枝上,他应是朝着蜂箱谨慎移动(inch),然后把火把的烟吹进蜂箱的小洞里,故选D项。分析其他选项,back意为“后退”;dive意为“潜水”; shout意为“叫喊”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的 was back on the ground 可知,养蜂人顺着树干滑下来(slide down)了,回到了地面,故选C项。分析其他选项,cut off意为“切断”;go up意为“上升”;hold onto意为“紧紧抓住”,均不符 合语境。
12. 答案:B
解析:根据后文的“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs.”可知,蜜蜂幼虫尚在蜂巢里,所以现在采蜜 还为时过早(early),故选B项。分析其他选项,high意为“高的 ”;fast意为“快的 ”;close意为“亲密的”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:A
解析:前文提到现在采蜜还为时过早,这是因为凉 爽的夏季导致孵化(hatch)的时间推迟了,故选A项。分析其他选项,train意为“训练”;sow意为“播 种”;trade意为“交易”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的 kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree 可知,成年蜜蜂一直在攻击养蜂人,由 此可推知,成年蜜蜂很生气(angry),故选D项。分析其他选项,curious意为“好奇的 ”;hungry意为 “饥饿的”;bored意为“无聊的”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,此刻不是采集蜂蜜的好时 候,因此养蜂人需要等到合适的时候(moment)再 来采集,故选A项。分析其他选项,equipment意为 “装备”;person意为“人”;order意为“顺序”,均 不符合语境。
Passage 14
(2024 浙江 1 月真题)
While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China, I had the kind of humbling, educational, and above all else, wonderful 1 with a local that all travelers long for. A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My 3 friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the 4 to practice my Chinese.
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 5 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 6 highways in order to help support his family. Perhaps the most 7 , however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor. Without batting an eye, he would 8 a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. “And what do you all learn about Russian authors?” I 10 him asking at one point.
It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 13 me just how much one can gain from 14 with an open mind, and a willingness to 15 with locals from all walks of life.
1. A. experiment B. encounter C. competition D. appointment
2. A. treated B. saved C. lectured D. approached
3. A. true B. so-called C. new D. long-lost
4. A. chance B. advice C. trouble D. right
5. A. visited B. financed C. attended D. founded
6. A. building B. sweeping C. checking D. guarding
7. A. typical B. obvious C. natural D. remarkable
8. A. publish B. quote C. copy D. download
9. A. writers B. historians C. workers D. students
10. A. anticipate B. imagine C. recall D. catch
11. A. look into B. rely on C. go over D. deal with
12. A. well-behaved B. multi-skilled C. warm-hearted D. self-educated
13. A. asked B. warned C. showed D. promised
14. A. traveling B. reading C. searching D. teaching
15. A. cooperate B. side C. negotiate D. engage
主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会与文化
学科素养:语言能力和文化意识
1. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的While taking a 20-hour train ride along the edge of the Taklimakan Desert in northwestern China可知,此句是在描述作者在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠的旅行经历,结合设空后的with a local that all travelers long for可知,此处应指与当地人的一次谦卑的、有教育意义的、美妙的邂逅(encounter)是所有旅行者都渴望遇到的,故选B项。分析其他选项,experiment意为“实验”;competition意为“竞争”;appointment意为“约定;任命”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后一句“My friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the to practice my Chinese.”可知,作者和一位年轻的中国人进行了交流,由此可推知,此处应是这位年轻的中国人向作者走近(approached),故选D项。分析其他选项,treated意为“对待;治疗”;saved意为“节省;挽救”;lectured意为“讲课;讲授”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:C
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者与这位年轻人此前并不认识,因此他对于作者来说是一个新(new)朋友,故选C项。分析其他选项,true意为“真正的”; so-called意为“所谓的”;long-lost意为“长时间没见面的;杳无音信的”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的spoke virtually no English可知,这个年轻人几乎不会说英语,因此两人只能靠中文交流,而这给了作者一个练习中文的机会(chance),故选A项。分析其他选项,advice意为“建议”;trouble意为“麻烦”;right意为“权利”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的“a two-year professional school to quickly find a job highways in order to help support his family”可知,为了能尽快找到一份工作养家糊口,年轻人应该是上了(attended)一所两年制的职业学校,故选C项。分析其他选项,visited意为“拜访”;financed意为“提供资金”;founded意为“建立”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:A
解析:根据尾段的this highway builder可知,这个年轻人的工作是建造(building)公路,故选A项。分析其他选项,sweeping意为“清扫”;checking意为“检查;检验”;guarding意为“守卫;看守”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor可知,年轻人在每天繁重的体力劳动之后还要花数小时来学习,由此可推断,此处指“或许最非同凡响的(remarkable)”,故选D项。分析其他选项,typical意为“典型的”;obvious意为“明显的”;natural意为“自然的”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的a translated Emerson passage可知,此处指这位年轻人可以泰然自若地引用(quote)艾默生的一段被翻译过的话,故选B项。分析其他选项,publish意为“出版”;copy意为“复制”;download意为“下载”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的literary influence和设空后的Russian authors可知,他们是在谈论一些作家(writers),故选A项。分析其他选项,historians意为“历史学家”;workers意为“工人”;students意为“学生”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:C
解析:根据全文内容可知,作者讲述了自己在火车上的一段经历,因此此处应是作者回忆起(recall)年轻人曾问过的一个问题,recall sb. doing sth.意为“回忆起某人做过某事”,故选C项。
11. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home可知,这位年轻人是一位公路建设者,从未出过远门,所以作者很容易依靠(rely on)自己的假设(刻板印象)对他进行判断,故选B项。分析其他选项,look into意为“考察;调查;研究”;go over意为“仔细检查”;deal with意为“处理”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:D
解析:根据第二段中的this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor可知,这位年轻人是通过自学的方式获得了广泛的知识,由此可推知,此处指这位年轻人是自我教育的(self-educated),故选D项。分析其他选项,well-behaved意为“彬彬有礼的”;multi-skilled意为“拥有多种技能的”;warmhearted意为“热心肠的”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据设空前的“But this highly informed, _____, and admirable person prevented me doing so.”可知,这位年轻人的言行打破了作者的刻板印象,结合设空后的how much one can gain from可推知,此处应是年轻人通过自己的言行向作者展示了(showed)怀有开放心态的意义。故选C项。分析其他选项,asked意为“询问”;warned意为“警告”;promised意为“许诺”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:A
解析:根据全文内容可知,作者讲述了自己旅途中的一段经历,结合设空后的with an open mind可知,此处作者是在感慨带着开放的心态的人能从旅行(traveling)中得到很多收获,故选A项。分析其他选项,reading意为“阅读”;searching意为“搜寻”;teaching意为“教”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:D
解析:根据前文提到的作者与这位年轻人在旅行中的交谈以及设空后的with locals from all walks of life可知,这位年轻人的言行让作者感受到,与各行各业的当地人接触能使人收获良多,故选D项。分析其他选项,cooperate意为“合作”;side意为“支持;偏袒”;negotiate意为“谈判;协商”,均不符合语境。
Passage 15
(新高考Ⅱ经典真题)
Over the past 38 years, Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times, and has even learned to 1 different dialects (方言), leading to him being described as an “Oscar-winning actor”.
The 60-year-old is not an actor, but a 2 . However, he is more devoted to his “ 3 ” than any real actor.
In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars. To look into the 4 , Wang disguised(伪装) himself and 5 the beggars. Dirty shorts and old shoes gave him the 6 of a real beggar and his convincing dialect soon won him the 7 of the beggars.
“I often 8 them to drink alcohol. Once they were 9 , they began to talk a lot,” Wang said. “I’d then 10 myself to use the toilet, 11 what the beggars said, and send the 12 to my teammates.”
Wang, who is often in 13 situations, is also a judo(柔道) master. “As long as I get close enough, no criminal can 14 from me,” he said.
Wang’s 15 won him several honors, including a National May Day Labor Medal and 11 Citations of Merit.
1. A. teach B. compare C. assess D. speak
2. A. lawyer B. doctor C. policeman D. businessman
3. A. role B. study C. family D. audience
4. A. minor B. case C. future D. question
5. A. interviewed B. joined C. arrested D. assisted
6. A. challenge B. experience C. appearance D. freedom
7. A. vote B. sympathy C. permission D. trust
8. A. invited B. forced C. helped D. expected
9. A. drunk B. deserted C. bored D. lost
10. A. guide B. persuade C. excuse D. allow
11. A. refer to B. note down C. ask about D. miss out
12. A. plan B. agreement C. direction D. information
13. A. awkward B. dangerous C. unfortunate D. strange
14. A. separate B. recover C. escape D. hear
15. A. courage B. honesty C. kindness D. optimism
主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会和文化
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前的 Mr. Wang has pretended to be someone else many times 可知,王先生曾经很多次扮成别人;结合常识可知,扮成别人时要会讲别人的语言或方言,所以此处指他甚至学会了说(speak)不同的方言,故选D项。分析其他选项,teach意为 “教 ”;compare意为“比较 ”;assess意为“评估 ”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:C
解析:根据下文内容可知,王先生是因为要调查一 起案件,才假扮乞丐的,他真正的身份是一名警察 (policeman),故选C项。
3. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 than any real actor 可知,此处指 他比任何真正的演员都更专注于他的“角色(role)”,故选A项。
4. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前“In the 1990s, a group of thieves often sold stolen goods with the help of some beggars.” 及王先生的警察身份可推知,此处指“为了调查这个 案子(case)”,故选B项。分析其他选项,minor意为“辅修科目”;future意为“未来”;question意为 “问题”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前的 Wang disguised himself 可知,王先生伪装自己是为了加入(join)乞丐中,方便调 查案件,故选B项。分析其他选项,interview意为 “采访”;arrest意为“逮捕”;assist意为“协助”,均 不符合语境。
6. 答案:C
解析:根据设空前的 Dirty shorts and old shoes 可知,此处指肮脏的短裤和旧鞋子使他从外表(appearance) 上看像一个真正的乞丐,故选C项。分析其他选项,challenge意为“挑战”;experience意为“经验;经 历”;freedom意为“自由”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前的 his convincing dialect 可知,此 处指“他令人信服的方言很快赢得了乞丐们的信任 (trust)”,故选D项。分析其他选项,vote意为“投 票”;sympathy意为“同情心”;permission意为“允 许”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的 them to drink alcohol 和 they began to talk a lot 可知,为了套话,王先生经常邀请 (invite)他们喝酒,故选A项。
9. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 drink alcohol 及设空后的 they began to talk a lot 可知,此处指他们一旦喝醉(drunk) 了,话就开始变多了,故选A项。分析其他选项,deserted意为“被抛弃的 ”;bored意为“无聊的 ”; lost意为“迷路的;失去的”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后的“what the beggars said, and send the _______ to my teammates”可知,此处指“然后我会 借口(excuse)自己去厕所”,故选C项。分析其他选项,guide意为“指引 ”;persuade意为“劝说 ”; allow意为“允许”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 what the beggars said 可知,王 先生把乞丐们的醉后真言记下来(note down)了,故 选 B 项。分析其他选项,refer to意为“查阅;指的 是”;ask about意为“询问”;miss out意为“错过; 遗漏”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:D
解析:上文提到王先生会记下乞丐们的醉后真言,此 处指王先生将乞丐们喝醉后所说的信息(information) 发送给自己的队友,故选D项。分析其他选项,plan意为“计划;打算”;agreement意为“协议;同意”; direction意为“方位;管理”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:B
解析:根据上文内容可知,王先生一直潜伏在乞丐 中调查案件,再结合下文“no criminal can _______ from me”可推知,王先生经常处于危险的(dangerous)情 况中,故选B项。分析其他选项,awkward意为“尴 尬的”;unfortunate意为“不幸的”;strange意为“奇 怪的”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:C
解析:根据设空前的 is also a judo master 可知,王先 生是一位柔道大师,所以此处指“只要我离得够近,没有罪犯可以从我这里逃脱(escape)”,故选C项。 分析其他选项,separate意为“分离;分开”;recover意为“恢复”;hear意为“听到”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:A
解析:根据上文内容可知,王先生乔装打扮混入罪 犯团伙,这是非常危险并需要勇气的事情,所以此 处指王先生的勇气(courage)为他赢得了许多荣誉,故选A项。分析其他选项,honesty意为“诚实 ”; kindness意为“善良”;optimism意为“乐观”,均不符合语境。
Passage 16
(2024 新高考Ⅰ真题)
I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ achievements all my life.
When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 1 a marathon race. Feeling motivated, I started running 2 , but then two things happened. First, a girl I met one day told me she was 3 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon. Then, the next day I went on my longest run—15 miles. To be honest, I 4 it! Between the girl making my 5 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only 6 I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!
So I 7 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 8 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. While she was at work one day, I 9 her bike and went for a ride. The 10 : The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 11 . That day, I got 12 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as 13 . I’ve 14 a lot since then.
I’ve come to accept that whatever 15 I set for myself, they just have to be my own.
1. A. knew B. held C. won D. quit
2. A. regularly B. silently C. proudly D. recently
3. A. asking B. looking C. waiting D. training
4. A. made B. believed C. hated D. deserved
5. A. advantage B. achievement C. contribution D. influence
6. A. way B. risk C. place D. reason
7. A. gave up B. went on C. turned to D. dealt with
8. A. heard B. dreamed C. complained D. approved
9. A. painted B. borrowed C. bought D. parked
10. A. problem B. secret C. principle D. advice
11. A. dangers B. events C. opponents D. challenges
12. A. passed B. convinced C. admired D. stopped
13. A. reliable B. convenient C. familiar D. appealing
14. A. traveled B. matured C. missed D. worried
15. A. limits B. dates C. goals D. tests
主题语境:人与自我——做人与做事
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后一句的Feeling motivated可知,这场马拉松比赛激励到了作者,由此可推断,此处指“一个邻居朋友赢了(won)一场马拉松比赛”,故选C项。分析其他选项,knew意为“知道”;held意为“举办”;quit意为“停止;退出”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:A
解析:根据前文内容可知,作者一生都在因别人的成就受到激励或打击,当其看到一个邻居朋友赢了一场马拉松比赛时,倍受鼓励,由此可推断,此处指“我开始有规律地(regularly)跑步”,故选A项。分析其他选项,silently意为“安静地”;proudly意为“自豪地”;recently意为“最近”,均不符合语境。
3. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“for a ‘super,’ referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可推知,该女孩告诉作者她在为一个52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛进行训练(training),故选D项。分析其他选项,ask for意为“请求,要求”;look for意为“寻找”;wait for意为“等待”,均不符合语境。
4. 答案:C
解析:根据设空后一句“Between the girl making my seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only I’d ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知,作者对于跑步这件事变得消极了,所以此处应该是作者讨厌(hated)这次15英里的长跑,故选C项。分析其他选项,made意为“制作”;believed意为“相信”;deserved意为“值得”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:B
解析:前文提到作者遇到了一个正在为52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛训练的女孩,而作者最长也就跑了15英里,由此可推知,此处指作者的成就(achievement)显得微不足道,故选B项。分析其他选项,advantage意为“优势”;contribution意为“贡献”;influence意为“影响”,均不符合语境。
6. 答案:D
解析:前文提到作者因小女孩的事而倍受打击,觉得自己的成就小,由此可推断,此处指作者决定除非有大狗追自己,否则自己没有理由(reason)再继续跑步了,故选D项。分析其他选项,way意为“方式;道路”;risk意为“风险”;place意为“地方”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:C
解析:前文提到作者放弃了跑步,结合设空后一句“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可推知,此处指作者转向(turned to)骑自行车了,故选C项。分析其他选项,gave up意为“放弃”;went on意为“继续”;dealt with意为“处理;应付”,均不符合语境。
8. 答案:B
解析:根据设空前一句“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知,此时作者对于骑行持积极态度。后文提到作者飞往圣地亚哥去看望姐姐,在那里有一段不愉快的骑行经历,结合设空后的until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister可知,在圣地亚哥发生的事情对于作者是一个转折点,由此可推断,此处指作者还梦想(dreamed of)参加自行车赛,故选B项。分析其他选项,heard of意为“听说”;complained of 意为“抱怨”;approved of意为“赞成”,均不符合语境。
9. 答案:B
解析:前文提到作者飞往圣地亚哥看望姐姐,结合设空前的While she was at work one day和设空后的and went for a ride可推知,此处指作者借了(borrowed)姐姐的自行车,故选B项。分析其他选项,painted意为“绘画”;bought意为“购买”;parked意为“停车”,均不符合语境。
10. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的“The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知,此处指作者骑行时遇到的问题(problem),故选A项。分析其他选项,secret意为“秘密”;principle意为“原则”;advice意为“建议”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:D
解析:根据设空前一句的“The roads there went through large valleys where I’d be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可推知,此处指作者从没遇到过这种挑战(challenges),即一次性骑行数英里上坡,故选D项。分析其他选项,dangers意为“危险”,而文中并未体现出危险;events意为“事件”;opponents意为“对手”,均不符合语境。
12. 答案:A
解析:根据设空后的“by about 100‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads”可知,此处指作者被大约100名“当地”骑手超过了(passed),故选A项。分
析其他选项,convinced意为“使信服”;admired意为“钦佩”;stopped意为“阻止;停止”,均不符合语境。
13. 答案:D
解析:根据文章首句可知,作者非常容易受到别人影响。前文提到作者的一次不愉快的骑行经历,由此可推知,作者此时觉得骑自行车不再那么有吸引力(appealing)了,故选D项。分析其他选项,reliable意为“可靠的”;convenient意为“方便的”;familiar意为“熟悉的”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:B
解析:文章二、三段讲述了作者遭遇的几件事,结合设空后一句“I’ve come to accept that whatever I set for myself, they just have to be my own.”可知,作者从这些事中逐渐成长,变得成熟了(matured),故选B项。分析其他选项,traveled意为“旅行”;missed意为“错过;思念”;worried意为“担心”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:C
解析:前文提到作者一直因别人的成就而受到激励或打击,而经历了这些事,作者逐渐成长,由此可推知,此处指作者开始接受无论自己给自己设定什么目标(goals),这些目标都应该是适合自己的,不能盲目自信,也不能妄自菲薄,故选C项。分析其他选项,limits意为“限制”;dates意为“日期”;tests意为“测试”,均不符合语境。
Passage 17
(2022 全国Ⅰ真题)
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about 1 someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 2 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 3 .
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 4 as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric”(自我中心的) creatures. But our 5 research results in child developmental psychology 6 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 7 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 8 . We then asked the child if she could 9 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same 10 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 11 children said that they couldn’t 12 to her.
A number of 13 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 14 the questions and knew 15 what was asked of them. Their 16 to the questions reflected their true 17 that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply 18 mutual(相互的) recognition and regard. Our 19 suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 20 when others use it.
1. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
2. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
3. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
4. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
5. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
6. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
7. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
8. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
9. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
10. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
11. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
12. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave
13. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
14. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
15. A. partly B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
17. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
18. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
19. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
20. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
主题语境:人与社会——历史、社会和文化
学科素养:语言能力
1. 答案:C
解析:根据上文 playing games of hide and seek 和下 文 making oneself unable to be seen 可知,此处指避开 (escape)别人的视线,让自己不被看到,故选C项。 分析其他选项,follow意为“跟随;听从”;take意为“携带;拿走”;direct意为“给(某人)指路;指 导”,均不符合语境。
2. 答案:B
解析:根据下文“They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies”和第三段首句中的 ineffective hiding method 可知,幼儿园小朋友 很不擅长躲藏,be bad at sth. 为固定搭配,意为“不 擅长某事”,符合语境,故选B项。
3. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 They often cover only their eyes with their hands 可推断,小朋友躲藏时只用手遮住他 们自己的眼睛,身体其他部分还都暴露在外,没有 藏好,expose意为“暴露”,符合语境,故选A项。
4. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的“as evidence that children are hopelessly ‘egocentric’ creatures”和本段最后一句中的 that idea 可知,此处在表达人们的一种观点或思 维方式,即长久以来,儿童躲藏时只遮住自己眼睛的做法被理解为“儿童是极其以自我为中心的人”这 一结论的证据,故选D项。“be interpreted as…”为 固定搭配,意为“被理解为……”。分析其他选项,support意为“支持”;guarantee意为“保证;担保”; imagine意为“想象”,均不符合语境。
5. 答案:C
解析:根据表示转折的连词 But 和第四段中的 “Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t.”以 及最后一段中得出的相反结论 it is not a result of egocentrism 可推断,此处指“我们令人惊讶的 (surprising)研究结果”,故选C项。分析其他选项,disappointing意为“令人失望的”;mixed意为“混合的;混杂的”;desired意为“预期的;预想的”,均 不符合语境。
6. 答案:C
解析:根据上一题的分析可知,作者所在团队的研 究结果是令人惊讶的,由此可知,他们的研究结果 与传统观点大相径庭,contradict意为“(陈述或证 据)相矛盾;相反”,符合语境,故选C项。分析其他选项,explain意为“解释”;confirm意为“确认”; test意为“测试”,均不符合语境。
7. 答案:B
解析:根据本段首句中的 We brought young children 可知,此处跟成年人坐在一起的是受邀参加实验的 每一位儿童(child),故选B项。根据下文 We then asked the child 中 child的原词复现提示也可得出答 案。
8. 答案:D
解析:根据设空后的 or hear the adult 可知,此处指 参加实验的成年人要捂住自己的眼睛或耳朵(ear),故选D项。
9. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的“an adult who covered her own eyes or _______”可知,此处要问受试儿童能否看到 (see)或听到那位成年人,故选A项。
10. 答案:B
解析:根据下文内容可知,研究人员继续让参与实 验的成年人捂住了嘴,孩子们依然给出了否定的答 案,由此可推断,此处指“同样的事(thing)发生 了 ”,故选B项。分析其他选项,event意为“(尤 指)重要事情,大事”;action意为“行动;行为”; accident意为“事故;意外”,均不符合语境。
11. 答案:B
解析:根据设空后的 children said that they couldn’t 可知,小孩子们做出了与之前一样的否定答复,所 以冒号后的内容应顺承前半句的逻辑;再结合选项,此处应填 Now,用以说明本次的实验结果,故选B项。
12. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 the adult covered her own mouth 可知,这次小孩子们是说他们不能与那个成年人讲 话(speak),故选A项。
13. 答案:C
解析:根据上文内容可知,作者的团队对受试儿童 进行了多轮实验,由此可推断,此处指大量的实验 (experiment)排除了孩子们误解所提问问题的可能 性,故选C项。分析其他选项,instruction意为“指 示;命令”;description意为“描述”;assumption意为“假设”,均不符合语境。
14. 答案:A
解析:根据设空前的 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked 可知,作者的团队运用大量的实验排除了孩子们误解所问问题的可能性,所以孩子们能够理解(comprehend)被问的问题,故选A项。分析其他选项,predict意为“预 言;预告”;explore意为“探索”;ignore意为“忽 视;不理睬”,均不符合语境。
15. 答案:D
解析:根据上一题的分析可知,受试儿童们确切地 (exactly)知道他们被问到什么,故选D项。分析其他选项,partly意为“部分地”;honestly意为“诚实地”;vaguely意为“含糊地;不确切地”,均不符合 语境。
16. 答案:A
解析:根据上文内容可知,$$