第17课 七选五-【提分宝典】2026年新高考英语一轮全考点普查与练习

1. 利用逻辑关系解题 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 （2024 新高考Ⅰ真题） Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript（原稿）. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus（同义词词典）. I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. It takes no account of the context. Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus. （1）___________ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced. In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it’s not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases.（2）___________ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better. For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755.“To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”.（3）___________ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. But I still don’t want to replace them. C. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. D. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. E. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 1. 利用逻辑关系解题 （1）答案：D 解析：第二段提到作者在写作时喜欢查阅词典以避免自己出现拼写错误，而第三段中的内容提到字典可以提供每个单词的精确定义、发音等信息，由此可知，D项“Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.（当然，字典不仅仅是为了拼写。）”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选D项。 （2）答案：A 解析：空格前提到作者拥有的the Shorter Oxford Dictionary包含了大量的词汇，词的组合和习惯用语，共有2672页之多。空格后一句由However引出作者使用the Shorter Oxford Dictionary的情况，A项“I don’t often use this dictionary.（我并不经常使用这本词典。）”与后文“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there’s nothing better.（然而，如果我需要查看一个单词的起源或查找它的用法示例，没有什么比这更好的了。）”形成转折关系，并呼应前文提到的对字典页数多、内容多的描述，即因为这本词典过于厚重，所以作者较少使用，但也是因为它的内容比较全面，如果作者需要查一个单词的起源或查找它的用法示例，这本字典对他来说就是最好的工具，由此可知，A项符合语境，故选A项。 （3）答案：C 解析：空格前提到编写字典是一项乏味的工作，空格后提到花几分钟阅读一两页的内容可以是一种有益的体验，空格前后的内容构成语意转折，由此可知，C项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.（但读字典却可以是一件乐事。）”符合语境，pleasure与dull形成对比，故选C项。 2. 利用词汇线索解题 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 （2023 新高考Ⅱ真题） As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. ·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook （素描本） for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. Don’t throw away your beginner art. You’ll want to look back on your journey to see how far you’ve come. ·Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. （4）____________ ·Continually challenge yourself to try something new. Get out of your comfort zone. Artistic growth can be a bit painful. Welcome to the club; we’ve all been there. I love taking on challenges. I once took up a challenge to create a painting everyday for a month and post the works online. ·（5）____________Seeking and accepting constructive feedback（反馈） is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A. Make career plans and set goals. B. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. C. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. D. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition （4）答案：D 解析：根据上文“Paint often and paint from life. There’s no better way to improve than to put in those brush miles. Whether you paint still lifes, portraits, or landscapes, paint from life as much as possible. （要经常作画，要利用实物作画。没有什么比不断练习更能提高你的艺术水平了。无论你是画静物、肖像还是风景，都要尽可能地取材于生活。）”可知，本段主要讲述要不断练习绘画，D 项“You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. （你会形成绘画肌肉记忆，这种记忆只有通过反复练习才能获得。）”承接了上文，解释了要不断练习绘画的原因。D 项中的 repetition 与 often 相呼应，故选D 项。 （5）答案：B 解析：分析文章结构可知，第二、三、四段的首句均是段落主旨句。设空处位于段首，根据结构一致的原则可知，设空处应为本段的中心句。根据下文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability. （寻求并接受有建设性的反馈对于你的成长至关重要。我在社交媒体上发布我的作品，并因此结识了一些最友好的人。无论我的艺术水平如何，他们都让我感到被重视和尊重。）”可知，本段主要讲述了分享自己的作品的好处，所以 B 项“Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. （分享你的作品，如果你感觉这样做很舒服的话。）”符合语境，且可作本段的中心句，其中 post my work 与 share your work 相呼应，post my work 为近义短语提示，故选 B 项。 随堂普查练 17 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 A （2023 新高考Ⅰ真题） Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err（犯错） is human. （1）__________ You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”. （2）__________ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness”. On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. （3） __________ You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. （4）__________ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. It’s something of a cliché（陈词滥调）that most people learn not from their successes but from their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. （5）__________We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. （1）答案：D 解析：根据空格前的内容可知，作者认为勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此过于自责，人都会犯错。根据空格后一句“You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. （你可以利用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点。）”以及下文内容可推断，空格处的内容应该和“不要太自责”的意思接近。D 项“It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. （宽恕自己也同样重要。）”符合语境，故选 D 项。空格后一句中的 this 指代“宽恕自己”这件事。 （2）答案：B 解析：根据空格前一句“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading ‘Personal strengths’. （在日志或纸上写上标题 ‘ 个人优点 ’。）”以及空格后罗列的几项优点可知，空格处表达的应该是列出一些你自己的优点。B 项“Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. （现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。）”符合语境，故选 B 项。 （3）答案：F 解析：根据上文的“At the top of a second page, put the heading ‘Acts of kindness’. （在第二页的顶部，写上标题 ‘ 善举 ’。）”可知，本段主要讲述的是列出一些自己所做的好事，包括辅导朋友完成家庭作业等。F 项“Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. （不管是什么，不管它看起来有多小，都要把它写下来。）”符合语境，故选 F 项。 （4）答案：C 解析：根据空格前一句“You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. （你可以让朋友或家人帮忙增加你的列表内容。）”和空格后一句“That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. （这样，你们就可以交换想法，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。）”可知，空格处应与家人或朋友的举动有关。C 项“They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. （他们甚至可能会想尝试做一下这个练习。）”承上启下，符合语境，C 项中的 They 指代空前的 a friend or family member，故选C 项。 （5）答案：G 解析：根据空格前的内容可知，作者认为人是从错误中学习的。根据空格后一句“We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way todevelop and grow. （我们都在不断地改变和学习，而错误是一种发展和成长的积极的方式。）”可知，本段与犯错误有关。G 项“Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. （不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面。）”符合语境，且 G 项中的 isn’t a fixed aspect 和空格后的We’re all changing and learning 相对应，故选 G 项。 B （2024 北京真题） If you want to develop maximum credibility（可信性）, is it better to be a hedgehog（刺猬）or a fox? According to Isaiah Berlin, the hedgehog knows one thing very well, and the fox knows a lot of things. Is there a clear advantage of one style over the other? Hedgehog thinkers tend to answer yes. （6）___________ And they are usually very credible in doing so. According to Jim Hart, the“hedgehog concept” is one of the factors that lead companies to greatness. They focus on one thing and do it really well. They figure out what they are good at.（7）___________ The hedgehog concept makes perfect sense for companies. （8）___________ Philip Tate has studied the track records of those folks on the Sunday talk shows who make predictions about what will happen. He has found that hedgehogs are not only wrong more often than foxes, but that they are less likely to recognise or admit that they are wrong when events do not match their predictions. The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a broader range of sources, and are comfortable with uncertainty and new information.（9）___________ They try to include it in their viewpoint rather than to exclude it from their thinking. They also have a clearer estimation of what they know and don’t know. So, which is better? The question can be answered in a foxy hedgehog style.（10） ___________ The choice between being a hedgehog or a fox is a false trade-off. The most effective way to go through life is to try to be that rare mixture known as foxy hedgehog. A. In other words, there are clear advantages for each. B. They are more likely to remember people’s mistakes. C. Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence. D. But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing. E. However, hedgehogs remain open to others’ reactions and inputs. F. When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional. G. They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position. （6）答案：G 解析：上文讲到拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人倾向于给出肯定的答案。G项“They come down squarely on one side or the other and fully support their position.（他们明确地站在一边或另一边，并全力支持自己的立场。）”承接上文，符合语境，故选G项。 （7）答案：C 解析：上文讲到拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人专注于一件事并把它做得根好，他们清楚自己擅长的东西。C项“Hence, they have the advantage of clarity and confidence.（因此，他们的优势是（头脑）清楚和自信。）”进一步说明了拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人的优点，承接上文，符合语境，故选C项。 （8）答案：D 解析：下文讲到拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人不仅比拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人更容易出错，而且当事情与他们的预测不相符时，他们不太可能意识到，也不太可能承认自己错了。D项“But there can be a downside to concentration on one big thing.（但是，把注意力集中在一件大事上可能会有不利的一面。）”能概括下文内容，符合语境，故选D项。 （9）答案：F 解析：上文讲到拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人的优势在于他们更可能从更广泛的来源中找出新信息并且对不确定性和新信息感到舒适，下文讲到他们试图将其纳入自己的观点，而不是将其排除在自己的思维之外。F项“When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.（当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时，他们不会把它当作例外。）”承上启下，符合语境，故选F项。 （10）答案：A 解析：上文讲到这个问题可以用“像狐狸的刺猬”风格来回答，下文讲到成为拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人还是拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人的选择是一种错误的权衡，由此可推知，拥有“刺猬”型思维方式的人和拥有“狐狸”型思维方式的人各有优势。A项“In other words, there are clear advantages for each.（换句话说，两者都有其明显的优势。）”承上启下，符合语境，故选A项。 课后提分练 17 七选五 A 组（巩固提升） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Passage 1 （2023 北京真题） It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. Families often turn to rankings systems to help make a decision. 1. ____________ When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they’re often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. 2. ____________ Emerging research suggests that courses in lower-ranked universities, on average, scored higher on teaching than courses in higher-ranked universities. 3. ____________ The absence of teaching excellence from the rankings is surprising given the link between high-quality teaching and student success. Quality teaching is one of the most important predictors of a wide range of college outcomes. Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don’t view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment （注册） or funding. 4. ____________ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result? Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. 5. ____________ Nevertheless, not much will change until schools with high-quality teaching are rewarded with more resources, higher rankings and increased enrolments. In the long term, universities, organisations that rank schools, and others should work to make teaching a valued, core part of the mission. What should students and their families do? They should give strong consideration to universities where high-quality teaching is valued, even though the schools may be ranked lower. A. Higher education has achieved its true potential. B. Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C. Quality teaching has been an important reputation-building factor. D. However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E. Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F. They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G. In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：D 解析：空格前主要讲述美国的学生和家长往往会向大学排名系统求助从而决定去哪里上大学；空格后讲到“作为一名高等教育的学者，当我和这些家庭沟通时，他们往往会惊讶于学校卓越的教学质量不计入（学校）排名”。D 项“However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching.（然而，排名忽略了一个关键性的因素：教学质量。）”承上启下，符合语境，故选 D 项。 2. 答案：F 解析：上文讲到“他们往往会惊讶于学校卓越的教学 质量不计入（学校）排名”。F 项“They’re even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities.（他们甚至会更惊讶于大学轻视教学的程度。）”承接上文，符合语境，且 surprised 为原词复现提示，故选 F 项。 3. 答案：G 解析：上文讲到排名较低的大学的课程在教学方面平均得分要高于排名较高的大学的课程；下文讲到考虑到高质量教学与学生成功之间的关系，卓越的教学质量不参与排名这件事很令人惊讶。G 项“In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. （事实上，大学经常将重心从教学质量转向其他影响排名的因素。）”承上启下，符合语境，故选 G 项。 4. 答案：B 解析：空格前一句讲到“（大学）管理者不会将卓越的教学质量视为一种提升入学率和增加资金的方式。”；空格后一句讲到“研究表明，教师花在教学上的时间越多，他们的薪水反而越低。”。B 项“Therefore, it’s not highly valued in hiring or promotion.（因此，卓越的教学质量在招聘和晋升中并没有受到高度重视。）”承上启下，符合语境，其中 it 指代teaching excellence，故选 B 项。 5. 答案：E 解析：下文讲到“然而，在拥有高质量教学水平的学校获得更多的资源、更高的排名和更多的入学人数之前，这种情况不会有太多变化。”。E 项“Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged.（最近出现了提高大学教学水平的努力。）”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境，故选 E 项。 Passage 2 （2022 全国Ⅱ真题） Important Things to Know When Dining Out Cultural dining etiquette（礼节） might surprise you with some of its important rules. 1. ____________. Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—no matter where you are in the world. Chopstick Rules The way you handle chopsticks is important to avoid annoying your companions. When you put them down between bites, always put them down together so they are parallel with the edge of the table in front of you. 2. ____________. Hands or Utensils（餐具） In India and the Middle East, it’s considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 3. ____________, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. Making Requests 4. ____________. In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills. Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. 5. ____________, the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A. The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It’s a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：D 解析：空格前提到“用餐礼仪中的一些重要规则可能会让你吃惊”，空格后讲到“了解其中一些注意事项就会让你和朋友或家人享受愉快的一餐”，D 项“Don’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant（不要在餐厅犯令人尴尬的错误）”承上启下，符合语境，故选 D 项。 2．答案：F 解析：根据小标题 Chopstick Rules 以及空格前的“When you put them down between bites... the edge of the table in front of you.”可知，本段讲的是筷子的使用规则。分析选项，F 项“Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them（切勿将它们竖着插在食物上，或者在使用时将它们交叉放置）”符合语境，其中 them 指代 chopsticks，故选 F 项。 3．答案：C 解析：根据空格前一句“People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand.”可知，法国人认为吃饭时每只手里都应该拿着餐具，且根据空格后的“instead”可知，空格处的内容与 preferring to use their hands，之间为转折关系，instead 后的内容表示“更喜欢用他们的手”。分析选项，C 项“Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils（墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的）”符合语境，故选C 项。 4．答案：G 解析：根据空格后的“In Portugal, this would be a serious mistake, because it shows the chef that you don’t like their seasoning skills.”可知，this 应指代空格处内容，表示做这件事情会让厨师以为你不喜欢他的调味技术，结合本段最后一句“Similarly, in Italy, never ask for extra cheese to add to your food.”可知，在意大利，也不要要求在你的食物中额外添加奶酪。由此可以推断，本段讲的是用餐时，索要额外的调味品在一些国家是不受欢迎的。分析选项， G 项“It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal（吃饭时要盐和胡椒似乎是个普通的请求）”，与空格后的两个句子暗含转折关系，符合语境，故选G 项。 5．答案：B 解析：根据空格后的“the more comfortable you’ll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices”可知，此处应为“the more... the more... ”结构，且句中的 its与 B 项“The more time you spend in any given country”中的“any given country”呼应，故选 B 项。 Passage 3 （2024 全国Ⅱ真题） What is moderation（适度）? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1. __________ But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2. __________ It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, specially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3. __________ Control emotional（情绪的） eating. 4. __________ Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 5. __________ A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism（新陈代谢）, while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14—16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you’re most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A. Eat properly throughout the day. B. We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger. C. Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work. D. Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E. Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F. For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G. That won’t lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. Passage 3 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：F 解析：上文解释了适度饮食的概念，适度饮食意味着只吃你身体所需的食物量。F项“For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now.（对我们许多人来说，适度意味着比我们现在吃得少。）”是对上文的进一步的解释，同时承接下一句。由此可知，F项符合语境，故选F项。 2. 答案：C 解析：本段的主旨句为“Take your time.（慢慢来。）”，空格前一句是在建议慢慢吃饭。C项“Don’t swallow a meal on the way to work.（不要在上班路上狼吞虎咽。）”中的“Don’t swallow”呼应空格前一句中的slow down，符合语境，故选C项。 3. 答案：E 解析：上文提到，如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适度饮食就更具挑战性了。E项“Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices.（相反，让自己周围充满健康的选择。）”承接前文，其中E项中的healthy和前文的unhealthy构成反义词提示，故选E项。 4. 答案：B 解析：本段首句为段落主旨句，即控制情绪化饮食，空格后一句提到我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来应对悲伤、孤独或无聊等不愉快的情绪。B项“We don’t always eat just to satisfy hunger.（我们并不总是为了充饥而吃东西。）”符合语境，解释了情绪化饮食的原因。其中B项的not just和空格后的also在结构上也表示递进，故选B项。 5. 答案：A 解析：根据后文内容可知，A项“全天合理饮食”是对本段的概括和总结，提出合理饮食的建议，故选A项。 Passage 4 （2024 新高考Ⅱ真题） Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 1. __________ Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. ▪Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they’re special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 2. __________ ▪Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of lessvisited options to choose from. 3. __________ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? ▪4. __________ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. ▪Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege（荣幸） . Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 5. __________ You may be amazed how much closer you’ll feel to the people there. A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. Passage 4 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：B 解析：根据空格后的回答“Certainly not.”可知，空格处应是一个疑问句，前文讲述了旅游带来的好处及其快速发展带来的坏处，而空格后的“The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today’s world.”指在当今世界，失去旅行带来的好处是难以接受的，强调了旅行存在的意义，由此可推知，空格处的提问应是关于是否要停止旅游的，B项符合语境，故选B项。 2. 答案：C 解析：根据本段首句可知，本段建议人们要谨慎选择旅行地点。根据空格前的“With so many... missing out.”可知，人们可能会担心错过什么而跟风去某地旅行。再根据空格处前的“Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you.（只有当一个地方的风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去那里。）”可知，旅行地的选择应基于个人的真实兴趣，与他人无关，C项符合语境，故选C项。 3. 答案：E 解析：本段主题句为“Get creative.”，结合空格前一句“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.”可知，本段建议人们要有创意，还有很多旅行目的地可选择。故E项符合语境。且E项中的undiscovered places与本段中的less-visited options和lesser-known sights相呼应，故选E项。 4. 答案：A 解析：根据文章特征可知，段首主题句应填祈使句。再根据本段中的skipping major holidays or rush hour可知，本段强调错峰出行，故A项“Visit during off-peak times. （ 非高峰时段参观。）”符合语境。 5. 答案： G 解析：根据空格前一句“Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.（参观别人称之为家的地方是一种荣幸。首先，尽自己的一份力量来保护当地的旅游特色。）”可知，本段建议人们保护旅行地的特色。G项“Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting.（考虑回馈你正在参观的社区。）”呼应了空格前一句的Do your part，且G项中的the communities与空格后一句的there相呼应。 Passage 5 （河北衡水中学二模） When you’re on a journey to improve health and fitness, surely following the exercise and nutrition advice of a hot model is the way to go, right? Wrong! 1. The first step to long-term fitness success is to be honest with yourself. ·2. Begin to become aware of the language you use. When you say you don’t have enough time to exercise, check in with yourself to make sure you’re being honest. Could you be using your time better? Do you really have absolutely no free time at all? ·Too tired to exercise? Unless you’re a professional athlete, it’s unlikely that your body is ever too tired totrain. However, it could be neurological（神经的） tiredness that’s talking you out of it. 3. You need to battle this type of tiredness head on. The secret is to give your brain a break and let your body have a workout. When you’re feeling mentally tired, walking can help you absorb the fresh air and feel grounded yet disconnected from all the pressures. ·Routine or no routine? So regular walking is good. But is fixing a regular exercise routine necessary too? The trick is to find out what works best for you. If routine makes you feel balanced, then by all means create a workout plan. 4. ·Set goals. Be honest with yourself and realistic about where you are and where you expect to be. If you’re just starting out, set short-term goals （every few days） so you can experience success sooner and more often. 5. All too often people quit too quickly when the journey is too long. A. Identify your free time. B. Listen to your body or not? C. But be prepared to continue to set new goals regularly. D. It’s called the brain fatigue, coming from your mental state. E. If you hate routine then do naturally with your exercise plans. F. Following in the footstep of others can lead you totally off track. G. If you’re getting bored of exercise, you’re probably doing too much. 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：F 解析：由空格前的“When you’re on a journey to improve health and fitness， surely following the exercise and nutrition advice of a hot model is the way to go，right? Wrong!”可知，盲目跟随热门模特的健身和营养建议是错误的。 F 项意为“跟随其他人的方式会导致你完全脱离轨道 ”，是对前文表述的进一步解释。故选 F 项。2. 答案：A 解析：由第二段中的最后两句“Could you be using your time better? Do you really have absolutely no free time at all?”可知，作者对是否能更好地使用时间和是否真的没有空闲时间产生了质疑。由此可见，本段探讨的核心内容为 time，即时间问题。 A 项表达的是“确定你的空闲时间”，符合本段的主题，故选 A 项。3. 答案：D 解析：由空格前一句“However， it could be neurological tiredness that’s talking you out of it.”可知，可能是神经疲劳在说服你不要锻炼。 D 项意为“它被称为来自精神状态上的大脑疲惫”，选项中的 It 指代的是前一句中的“neurological tiredness”，表达的都是大脑疲惫，故选 D 项。 4. 答案：E 解析：本段主要讨论是否进行常规训练。由空格前一句“If routine makes you feel balanced， then by allmeans create a workout plan.”可知，如果你觉得常规训练是均衡的，那么就制定一个锻炼计划。 E 项意为“如果你讨厌常规训练，那么以更自然的方式处理你的训练计划 ”，和前一句形成对比关系，符合语境，故选 E 项。 5. 答案：C 解析：根据空格前一句“If you’re just starting out， set short-term goals （every few days） so you can experience success sooner and more often.”可知，如果你刚好正要开始健身，那么每几天设置一次短期目标能让你更快、更多次地经历成功。根据空格后一句“All too often people quit too quickly when the journey is too long.”可知，当过程太漫长的时候，人们往往很快就放弃了。 C 项意为“但是准备好继续定期地设置新的目标”，和后一句衔接流畅，也和前文形成了转折关系，故选 C 项。 Passage 6 （2022 浙江 1 月真题） I have the same 24 hours in a day as youdo, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed. 1. ·Pick the most important. 2. Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don’t want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want. ·Combine your activities. Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc. 3. Find ways to enjoy them in a combined manner. Build your social life around people in your work environment. Find people in your company who share common interests and develop your career （职业） around the people and activities you love. ·4. You would think learning takes more time from you, but actually there are always new ways of doing things that can save you time on daily tasks, freeing you up for the most important. Always be looking for a new way to gain back an hour here or there. ·Lighten up. The world won’t come to an end in most cases just because you left a few things undone. Celebrate progress and keep refining（改进） toward a happy productive existence. 5. Every completion is a small victory that adds up in a big way. A. Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：F 解析：根据空格前的“but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed”可知，作者擅长时间管理，再结合下文几个小标题可知，全文就如何充分利用时间提出了具体建议，F 项“Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time.（可能这些建议能够帮助你充分利用时间。）”符合语境，引出下文，故选F 项。 2．答案：D 解析：根据小标题“Pick the most important.”和空格后一句“Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive.”可知，本段作者建议读者选择重要的事情去做，把时间花在有意义的事情上，D 项“Make choices about what is meaningful in your life.（选择生活中有意义的事情。）”符合语境，故选 D 项。3．答案：C 解析：根据空格前一句“Many people go crazy trying to figure out how to spend time with friends, family, work, play, etc.”可知，许多人把控不好花在朋友、家庭、工作、娱乐等方面的时间，空格后提到要找到同时享受这些时间的方法，因此可推断，空格处内容与兼顾这些需求有关。C 项“Stop trying to balance time between them all.（不要试图在他们之间全部平衡好时间。）”与上句呼应，起到承上启下的作用，故选C 项。 4．答案：B 解析：分析空格处所在位置可知，此处为段落小标题。根据下文内容可知，作者谈到有人可能认为学习会占用许多时间，但实际上总有新的做事方法会帮你节省在日常任务上的时间，让你有时间去做最重要的事情，并且作者建议不断寻求这样的新方法，由此可知，这部分谈论的主题是做积极寻求高效学习方法的学习者，B 项“Be an active learner.（做积极的学习者。）”符合语境，故选 B 项。5．答案：G 解析：根据空格前一句“Celebrate progress and keep refining toward a happy productive existence.”可知，作者建议读者庆祝自己的进步，并且朝着快乐且高效的生活努力；空格后一句提到每一次取得的小胜利会积少成多，汇集成大的成果，说明事情要一件一件去做；G 项“This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook.（这就是为什么列清单在任何生产力手册中很重要。）”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，G 项中的“making lists”与空格后的“Every completion”呼应，故选 G 项。 Passage 7 （2022 全国Ⅰ真题） Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain （保持） long-distance friendships. ·Set a regular date Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系） and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 1. . ·More isn’t always merrier Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 2. . There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat. ·Practise empathy（共情） 3. . The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned. ·4. Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Althoughtechnology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you. ·Don’t rely on technology alone 5. , but long-distance friendships—even close ones—may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：D 解析：根据本段主题句“Set a regular date（设置常规日期）”和空格前一句“With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge.（在繁忙的日程中，挤出时间打电话可能是一个挑战。）”可知，本段作者应该是建议设定固定时间交流感情，D 项“Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it（试着找一个双方都合适的时间，并坚持下去）”符合语境，故选 D 项。 2．答案：E 解析：空格前提到“确保你已经和朋友沟通过，了解你们彼此想要联系的频率，以及哪种方法最适合你们”，空格后介绍了具体的交流方式，可知此处说的是要与朋友商量沟通方式，E 项“朋友们需要谈论他们更偏好的交流方式”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用，故选 E 项。 3．答案：G 解析：根据空格后内容可知，留下的那个人需要体谅已经搬走的朋友所需要的额外时间，在新环境中的朋友应该共情这样一个事实——你的朋友可能感觉被抛弃了。由此可以推断，G 项“You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind（你可能是离开的那个人，也可能是留下的那个人）”符合语境，且 G 项中的“left”和“was left behind”与本段的“remaining”和“moved”呼应，故选 G 项。 4．答案：A 解析：分析空格处所在位置可知，空格处是段落小标题。根据下文内容及关键信息“Anniversaries and birthdays”“special days”和“keeps track of friends’birthdays and other important dates”可知，本段讲的是要记住朋友之间重要的日子，A 项“Remember important dates（记住重要的日子）”符合语境，且概括了本段的主旨，故选 A 项。 5．答案：F 解析：根据本段小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”可知，不要只依赖科技来进行交流；but 后的内容提到“远距离的友谊，哪怕是亲密的友谊，可能需要更刻意的努力来进行维系”，由此可知，空格处与下文是转折关系且和依赖科技交流有关，F 项“It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media（通过社交媒体很容易产生一种联系感）”符合语境，该选项中的“social media”与小标题中的“technology”呼应，故选 F 项。 Passage 8 （2023 全国Ⅰ真题） Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 1. , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood（心情）, reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species （物种） are not ideallysuited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 2. . Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “3. . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 4. . Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 5. ,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：B 解析：文章首句称赞室内植物是家庭里的无名英雄，结合下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood, reducing stress and helping their memory（但是研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助记忆来促进人们的健康）”可知，空格处与下文是递进关系，构成“not only... but...（不仅……而且……）”结构。由此可知，B 项“Not only do they look beautiful（它们不仅看起来很漂亮）”能够衔接下文，符合语境，故选 B 项。 2. 答案：D 解释：根据空格前的“Many of these species are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.（这些品种中的许多并不十分适合在英国户外生长，尤其是在冬天。）”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的室内生长。D 项“Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer（相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好）”与上文构成转折，衔接紧密，且 outside 与选项中的inside 相呼应， winter 与 warmer 相呼应，符合语境，故选 D 项。 3. 答案：C 解析：根据空格后的“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.（我发现在冬天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪。）”和本段小标题“Why are indoor plants good for you?”可知，室内植物对人有好处。C 项“There are many benefits to growing plants indoors（在室内种植物有很多好处）”能够衔接下文，符合语境，且呼应本段主题，故选 C 项。 4. 答案：E 解析：根据空格前两句“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.（也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质。）”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E 项“Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best（像和平百合和绿萝之类的植物是最好的）”能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做得最好的植物，符合语境，故选 E 项。 5. 答案：G 解析：根据下文的“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature. （它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。）”可知，此处讲述了做某件事的益处。G 项“Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding（了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的）”能够引出下文，符合语境，后文的 it 指代“了解每种植物的需求”这件事，故选 G 项。 B 组（冲刺满分） Passage 9 （北师大实验中学热身练习） Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is that we actually have a lot—on average, five hours 49 minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every week however we want. So why don’t we feel timerich? 1. One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes. A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious. 2. This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another. 3. We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart-phones could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. 4. You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time—after all you know the sort of things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it. “The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time; anybody cando it. Yet the evidence suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. 5 . The question still remains unsettled. A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multitasking. B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep. C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever? D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success? E. It’s something that economists have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons. F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far more that are worthy of your precious time. G. This is something sociologists call “polluted time”. 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：E 解析：空格前一句提出了一个问题“So why don’t we feel time-rich?”，通读后文每段主题句可知，文章给出了人们觉得时间不够用的几个原因；分析选项，E 项“It’s something that economists have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.（这是经济学家一直在思考的问题，他们已经找出了几个原因。）”，可起到承上启下的作用，故选 E 项。 2．答案：A 解析：根据空格前一句“A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us anxious.”和空格后一句“This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too.”可知，作者前文提到人们觉得自己时间不够用的原因是因为自己会跟别人比较，想要赶超别人；后文提到人们在休闲的时候也经常会很多事情一起做。分析选项，A 项“So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multitasking.（因此，我们试图逆潮流而动，同时通过处理多项任务来跟上节奏。）”， 可以使前后文衔接流畅，故选 A 项。 3．答案：G 解析：根据空格前两句“When we’re playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of friends, we post pictures to show another.”可知，在空闲时，人们做一件事的时候总会“三心二意”地做其他的事情，这使得本应该纯粹的时间不再纯粹。分析选项，G 项“This is something sociologists call ‘polluted time’.（这就是社会学家所说的 ‘ 被污染的时间 ’。）”符合该段大意，且 G 项中的代词“This”指代上文提到的这些“三心二意 ”的时间，故选G 项。 4．答案：B 解析：根据第四段主题句“We’re also addicted to our devices.”和空格前一句“Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online.”可知，人们花很多的时间在电子设备上，因此没有什么时间花在其他休闲活动上，这解释了我们感觉时间不够的原因。分析选项，B 项“No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.（难怪人们说他们太忙了，以至于没有时间见朋友、锻炼以及睡觉。）”符合文章的逻辑关系，故选 B 项。 5．答案：D 解析：根据空格前一句“Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one.（令人担忧的是，科学家们发现，人们度假后通常不会比从未度假更快乐。）”和空格后一句“The question still remains unsettled.（这一问题仍有待解决。）”可知，空格处应提出了一个问题且这个问题与如何度过时间才能获得快乐有关，分析选项，D 项“How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?（我们怎样才能学会把时间花在更有可能带来幸福和成功的事情上呢？）”，起到承上启下的作用，故选D 项。 Passage 10 （山东淄博三模） Being able to communicate effectively with others is an essential skill for people of all ages. 1 . People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this from self-help books, workshops, and from the advice of other people. 2. Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking, restating what the other person has said in a brief and nonjudgmental manner. 3 . Becoming effective at active listening is one way to increase trust andunderstanding in a relationship, whether it is a personal or professional one. Another tip for developing and improving interpersonal communication skills is to use feedback for different types of communication. Before giving speeches and presentations, it is always well advised to practice them before an audience and to ask for feedback before giving the real speech or presentation. 4. It is also essential to develop communication skills by using appropriate body language and eye contact. 5. For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen and to speak openly. A. It is essential to learn how to communicate politely. B. These non-verbal signals can convey the true feelings. C. Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills. D. Being an active listener doesn’t mean people have to employ it continuously. E. This kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice. F. By doing so, we can ensure the messages are easily understood and come across as intended. G. One of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening. 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：C 解析：空格前一句提到“对所有年龄段的人来说，能够有效地与他人沟通是一项必不可少的技能”。 C 项“大多数人都能从提高沟通技巧中获益 ”符合语境，既能够承接上文，也能够引出下文的沟通技巧；选项中的 communication skills 对应空格后一句中的 those skills，故选 C 项。 2. 答案：G 解析：根据空格后的内容，尤其是空格后一句中的Active listening 可知，本段与“倾听”紧密相关。分析选项，G 项“培养沟通技巧的最好方法之一就是学习和练习有效的倾听 ”符合语境，起到承上启下的作用；选项中的 One of the best tips 与下一段段首的Another tip 相呼应，故选 G 项。 3. 答案：E 解析：根据空格前的内容可知，积极地倾听要求倾听者仔细认真地倾听讲话人说话，简单而不带偏见地去复述。分析选项可知，E 项“这种倾听更注重理解而不是给出建议 ”符合语境。本题容易误选 D 项“做一个积极倾听者并不意味着人们必须不断地使用它”，本段要求我们要学会积极倾听的方法，与进行积极倾听的频率无关，而且 D 项中的 it 指代不明，因此排除 D 项，故选 E 项。 4. 答案：F 解析：根据空格前的内容可知，本段介绍的沟通技巧是“利用反馈进行不同类型的沟通”。分析选项，F 项“通过这样做，我们可以确保信息易于理解并按预期传达”符合语境，且空格前所举的例子也说明了沟通中进行反馈的好处，故选 F 项。 5. 答案：B 解析：根据空格前的内容可知，使用适当的肢体语言和眼神交流对培养交流技巧也是至关重要的。 B 项“这些非语言信号可以传达真实的感觉。”符合语境，为下文介绍非语言信号作铺垫，也说明了非语言信号重要的原因；B 项中的 These non-verbal signals 呼应前后文中的“body language”和“eye contact”，故选B 项。 Passage 11 （山东济南高三期末） What is heritage? The word can be difficult to define. Heritage is always something that is passed down by families or other groups for many years. 1. It can also be the customs, traditions, and values shared by groups of people. One way to think about heritage is to break it down into three groups. These are the tangible （有形的） cultural heritage, the natural heritage, and the intangible cultural heritage. 2. ____ They can include many humanmade objects that hold cultural value. Some examples are national monuments and works of art. Many ancient sites are also part of this group. On a smaller scale, a family home can be part of an individual’s heritage. Many parts of the natural world are also important to heritage. They can include bodies of water, plant life, landforms and more. One example is the Nile River. 3. ____ Efforts to protect natural heritage are key in many cultures. The intangible group includes any part of cultural heritage that you can’t feel through touch. Maybe you’ve read about forms of dance, like flamenco. You might know about the music of mariachi bands. These are all examples of intangible cultural heritage. 4. _______ Exploring your own heritage can be fun. It can help you learn about yourself, your family, and your ancestors. But it’s also important to learn about the heritage of others. 5.__________ It can also lead you to find things you may have in common with others! A. They are treasures that can be touched. B. What tangible items can be part of heritage? C. However, heritage isn’t limited to concrete objects. D. Languages, holidays and customs also make the list. E. Therefore, it’s difficult to protect them from fading away F. Doing so can help you build a stronger understanding of other cultures. G. It has been part of heritage in many African nations for centuries. 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：C 解析：空格前解释了遗产通常指通过家庭或其他群体传承多年的东西；根据空格后一句“It can also be the customs, traditions, and values shared by groups of people.”可知，空格后一句阐明了遗产的其他含义，即“遗产也可以是一群人共享的习俗、传统和价值观。”。C 项“However, heritage isn’t limited to concrete objects.”说明遗产不局限于具体的物品，承上启下，故选 C 项。 2. 答案：B 解析：分析各段落结构可知，空格处位于段首，应为所在段的主题句；由空格后的“They can include many human-made objects that hold cultural value.”及下文的举例可知，该段主要说明物质文化遗产包含的事物有哪些，B 项“What tangible items can be part of heritage?”可作为对下文内容的提问，也可作本段的主题句，故选 B 项。 3. 答案：G 解析：根据第三段首句“Many parts of the natural world are also important to heritage.”可知，本段主要介绍自然遗产；结合空格前的“One example is the Nile River.”以及常识可知，尼罗河是非洲国家众多遗产中的一部分，G 项“It has been part of heritage in many African nations for centuries.”符合语境，故选 G 项。 4. 答案：D 解析：根据上文的“Maybe you’ve read about forms of dance... the music of mariachi bands.”可知，上文提到了舞蹈和音乐这两种非物质文化遗产。与此对应，空格处也应列举出非物质文化遗产的例子，D 项“Languages, holidays and customs also make the list.”说明语言、节日和风俗习惯也都属于非物质文化遗产，承接上文，符合语境，故选 D 项。 5. 答案：F 解析：空格前的“But it’s also important to learn about the heritage of others.”提到了解他人的遗产也很重要；空格后的“It can also lead you to find things you may have in common with others!”提到它可能让你发现你和别人的共同点，故空格处应讲述了解他人遗产的好处；F 项“Doing so can help you build a stronger understanding of other cultures.”符合语境，故选 F 项。 Passage 12 （2022 北京真题） Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. 1. It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. 2. We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy, we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body. Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses. 3. This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy. It means the fitness level is not in accordance with our age and the climatic conditions we live in. It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness. 4. For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style. There are different levels of exercises for different age groups and we must do them according to our own health and age. Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune （免疫） system and protects us against diseases. 5. This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A. Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B. Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C. It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D. For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E. If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F. There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G. This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases. 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：G 解析：根据空格前两句“Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.”可知，因为各种压力，我们容易忽视自身健康；根据空格后一句“It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases.”可知，正是我们的身体健康水平帮助我们抵抗各种疾病。所以空格处应该与忽视健康对我们的影响有关。分析选项，G 项“This makes our body suffer and we will catch other diseases.（这使我们的身体遭受痛苦，感染其他疾病。）”承上启下，而且G 项中的 other diseases 与空格后的 these diseases 呼应，故选 G 项。 2．答案：B 解析：空格处的位置在段首，应是本段的主题句；根据空格后两句“We need to be fit to have a healthy body. Similarly, if we are healthy, we shall naturally be attracted towards maintaining the fitness of our body.”可知，身体的健康与健壮是密不可分的。分析选项，B 项“Health and fitness are interrelated to each other.（健康和健壮是相互关联的。）”概括了全段的主要内容，能够与下文自然衔接，故选 B 项。 3．答案：D 解析：根据空格前两句“Health is the state of our body at a given time. We may not have any disease but still have a weak body, which is ready to be targeted by viruses.”可知，我们虽没患病，但体质仍然弱，随时会受到病毒攻击；根据空格后一句“This does not definitely mean that we are not healthy.（但这并不一定意味着我们不健康。）”可知，生病并不一定表明我们是不健康的。所以空格处应该承上启下，D 项“For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.（例如，我们可能容易感冒。）”举例说明我们的身体会在虚弱的情况下生病，而且空格后的“This”指代D 项的“we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily”这种情况，故选 D 项。 4．答案：F 解析：根据空格前一句“It is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.”可知，我们应该花时间去健身，根据空格后一句“For instance, we must exercise daily regardless of our age and working style.”可知，我们应该每天坚持锻炼，分析选项，F 项“There are some activities which everyone should do in our life.（生活中有一些每个人都应该做的活动。）”承上启下，符合语境，故选 F 项。 5．答案：C 解析：根据空格前两句“We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune system and protects us against diseases.”可知，我们应该保障充足的睡眠，根据空格后一句“This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness.”可知，充足的睡眠会给我们新的健康和健壮目标，空格处应该继续讲睡眠充足的好处，C 项“It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind.（它也有助于让我们保持冷静，使我们精神放松。）”承上启下，符合语境，且选项中的 it 指代上文提到的“six to eight hours of sleep”，故选 C 项。 Passage 13 （河南郑州重点中学期末） I’m a hiker—“born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail （小路）, especially when I am alone and can let my mind wander where it will. 1.________. Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike. 2.________. 3.________. Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature. Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions. 4.________. Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking. Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world. Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. 5.________. For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection tonature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature—like hiking—can be mutually（相互地）beneficial, helping people and the earth. So, grab a water bottle, a backpack... and head out on the trail. You won’t be sorry you did that. A. Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy B. Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly C. Following are the benefits you can get from hiking D. In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail E. It’s easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone F. It not just makes me feel good, but also helps me keep the brain in top shape G. This all goes to show that hiking may be one of the best ways to move your body 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：C 解析：空格处位于第一段的段尾，上文讲述了作者是一个徒步旅行爱好者以及徒步旅行给作者带来了好处；结合第二、四、五段的首句可知，以下每段讲的都是徒步旅行的好处。C 项“Following are the benefits you can get from hiking（以下是你能从徒步旅行中得到的好处）”承上启下，概括了下文的主要内容，故选 C 项。 2. 答案：F 解析：第二段首句是该段的主题句，讲述的是徒步旅行对大脑有好处，F 项“It not just makes me feel good, but also helps me keep the brain in top shape（徒步旅行不仅让我感觉良好，还能帮助我让大脑处于最佳状态）”与本段的主题一致，且 brain 为原词复现提示，故选 F 项。 3. 答案：A 解析：空格处位于第三段的段首，第二、四、五段的首句都说的是徒步旅行的好处，并且都是段落主旨句。根据结构一致的原则可知，空格处也应说明徒步旅行的好处，并且也应是本段的主题句，又根据第三段中的 decrease stress 和 give you the happiness 可知，空格处应讲徒步旅行能够使人精神愉悦，A 项“Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy（徒步旅行帮助你保持平静和快乐）”符合语境，故选 A 项。 4. 答案：D 解析：根据第二段中的 As a professional writer 和空格前一句“I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.”可知，作者是职业作家，在大自然中散步可以让作者的思想自由地朝着创造性的方向漫游，由此可知，该空应讲与创作相关的内容，D 项“In fact, I’ve written many of my songs while hiking on a trail（事实上，我的很多歌曲都是在徒步旅行时写的）”符合语境，且 D 项中的 songs 与空格后的 music 相呼应，故选 D 项。 5. 答案：B 解析：空格前讲到徒步旅行有助于环境保护，空格后进行举例，讲到徒步旅行增加了我们与自然的联系，进而激发我们想要保护它的欲望，由此可知，空格处在文中起着承上启下的作用，且应该进一步讲到有关徒步旅行有助于保护自然的内容，B 项“Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly（除此之外，徒步旅行还间接地有益于我们的星球）”符合语境，故选 B 项。 Passage 14 （湖南长沙雅礼中学月考） Experts are always advocating the health benefits of biking. And while the barrier to entry is low-pretty much, all you need to know to start cycling is how to ride a bike itself—people often ask me if I have any tips for beginner bikers. Below are a few things I’ve learned along the way that help make for a safer and more joyful ride: Follow the rules of the road. Brake at yellow lights, stop for pedestrians and maintain a solid distance from cars. 1.________ Therefore, never fly through stop signs, approach too close to the front vehicles or shout at cars. 2.________ A British doctor recently made headlines when he claimed that wearing a bike helmet is actually more dangerous than traveling without one, but most research suggests otherwise. A full 98 percent of bikecommuters （上下班族） own a helmet, so you’ll be in good company, anyway. Make a playlist. Laws against riding with headphones vary from state to state, and it’s never proper to listen to music in more than one ear. But cruising around to a soundtrack can be an amazing feeling, so consider buying a wireless speaker you can fix on your frame. 3.________ Know your rights. If you do end up getting into a collision （碰撞）, stay on the scene until the police come. 4.________ Cyclists are too often taken advantage of in bad situations, especially if their injuries don’t seem to be apparent. Find some friends. As great as it can be to bike alone, zipping down the street in a big group is an equally satisfying experience. 5.________ Various bicycle trips are often organized, which provides opportunities to develop friendship among bikers. A. Get fully equipped. B. Be sure to get a helmet. C. Most cities have enough resources for the cycling community. D. It’s necessary that you give them an accurate report of the incident. E. Most of us will feel it obviously safer to ride on a bike than in a car. F. Then put together a list of your favorite tunes and get ready to enjoy them. G. Pushing to the limit not only gives bikers a bad reputation, but also a great danger. 主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：G 解析：根据空格后一句“Therefore, never fly throughstop signs, approach too close to the front vehicles or shout at cars.”可知，空格处应该会阐述不要飞速通过停车标志，不要离前方车辆太近或冲汽车大喊大叫的原因。分析选项，G 选项“Pushing to the limit not only gives bikers a bad reputation, but also a great danger.（挑战极限不仅给骑自行车的人带来坏名声，也会带来巨大的危险。）”符合语境，故选 G 项。 2．答案：B 解析：空格处位于段首，应为本段主题句。根据本段后面的内容可知，骑自行车应该戴头盔，98% 的自行车通勤者都有头盔，且词汇线索 helmet 在本段多次出现，由此可推知本段围绕戴头盔展开。B 项“Be sure to get a helmet.（一定要戴上头盔。）”可以概括本段主要内容，故选 B 项。 3．答案：F 解析：根据本段主题句“Make a playlist.”可知，作者建议读者制作一个播放列表。根据空格前内容可知，作者建议读者骑自行车时不要戴耳机听音乐，并且建议读者买一个无线扬声器。F 项“Then put together a list of your favorite tunes and get ready to enjoy them.（然后整理出一个你最喜欢的音乐列表，准备好欣赏它们吧。）”与该段的首句呼应，故选 F 项。 4．答案：D 解析：根据空格前一句“If you do end up getting into a collision, stay on the scene until the police come.”可知，当发生碰撞时，要等警察到现场。D 项“It’s necessary that you give them an accurate report of the incident.（你有必要向他们准确报告这个事件。）”自然衔接上文内容，解释了待在现场的必要性；同时 D 项中的“them”指代上文提到的“the police”，故选 D 项。 5．答案：C 解析：根据空格后一句“Various bicycle trips are often organized, which provides opportunities to develop friendship among bikers.”可知，人们经常组织各种各样的自行车旅行，这为骑自行车的人之间发展友谊提供了机会。C 项“Most cities have enough resources for the cycling community.（大多数城市都有足够的资源供骑行社群使用。）”可以承接下文，故选 C 项。 Passage 15 （2024 浙江 1 月真题） In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. 1. __________ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? 2. __________ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. 3. __________ “I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going. The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. 4. __________ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. 5. __________ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. B. Your motivation should be your main concern. C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. Passage 15 主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 学科素养：思维品质 1．答案：G 解析：根据空格前一句“In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience.”可知，在过去的几年里，在线学习已成为大学生活中的重要组成部分。G项“A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.（一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。）”为空格前的观点提供数据支撑，来说明在线学习在大学中的普及程度，故选G项。 2. 答案：F 解析：空格前连续用了两个疑问句；根据空格后一句“We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.”可知，作者采访了学生和教授，听取他们对在线课程的建议，F项“If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?（如果你选择了一门在线课程，你能做些什么来确保取得最好的成绩？）”与空格前的问句一起引出空格后的内容，符合语境，故选F项。 3. 答案：A 解析：根据空格前一句“The most obvious advantage of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime.（在线学习最明显的优点是可以随时随地学习。）”以及空格后一句“‘I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,’ says graduate student Amanda Bindman.（研究生Amanda Bindman说：‘我认为很多人都忽略了一点，那就是落后于计划是多么容易。’）”可知，前面为在线学习的优点，后面为在线学习的缺点，前后形成鲜明的对比，说明空格处语意发生转折。A项“But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.（但那并不意味着没有截止日期。）”与空格前you can study anywhere and anytime形成对比，并且呼应后面的“学习进度”，符合语境，故选A项。 4. 答案：D 解析：根据空格后一句“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.”可知，空格处会提供He的信息。D项“Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.（Alex Davidson教授在面授和在线的课程中教授相同的课程。）”中的Professor Alex Davidson即为空格后一句中He指代的人物，且符合下文语境，而其他选项都无法提供He的信息，故选D项。 5. 答案：E 解析：空格后的内容提到了社交关系往往是学习的重要组成部分，并针对如何增加在线课程中的人际互动提供了一些建议，由此可知本段内容围绕在线课程的人际互动展开。E项“The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.（对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人际互动。）”符合语境，其中human interaction与下文的social connection, taking online courses with a friend, find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group等都为同一范畴的内容，都与人际交往有关，故选E项。 Passage 16 （新高考Ⅰ经典真题） My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 1. ________ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing（水管）worked. 2.________ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 3.________ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. 4.________ On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency. You can tell this by café life. French cafés are always crowded. 5.________ When do these people work? The French take their 35-hour workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化 学科素养：文化意识 1．答案：F 解析：空格前一句，即段落首句交代了文章的背景——作者夫妇二人在巴黎待了一周；根据空格后一句的逻辑关联词 So 及下文内容可知，夫妇二人在巴黎租公寓，体验当地的饮食习惯，了解当地人对待生活的态度。由此可推断，空格处应该说明在巴黎体验生活的原因，F 项“我们的目的是看看我们是否在一定程度上可以像真正的巴黎人那样生活。”符合语境，故选 F 项。 2．答案：C 解析：根据空格后一句可知，下文介绍了公寓和电梯的情况；结合空格前一句中的 apartment 可知，本段主要介绍所租公寓的基本情况，此外，根据设空处后一句中的关键词 even 可知，设空句与下一句是递进关系，表示所租公寓的条件很好。分析选项，C 项中提到的“一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”属于公寓的配置，符合本段语境，故选 C 项。 3．答案：G 解析：空格前一句提到巴黎人的饮食习惯——吃精致 的食物而不长胖；空格后文提到法国的草莓美味多汁。由此可知，本段内容应与法国美食相关。分析选项，G 项“食物是如此美味，不需要吃太多就能使你快乐。”符合语境，故选 G 项。 4．答案：E 解析：通读空格后的内容可知，本段主要讲述作者夫妻二人购买水果的经历。根据本段最后两句可知，法国的水果虽然很好吃，但是也很贵。E 项“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因”既承接上一段关于法国人吃得少但是不胖的话题，同时又引起下文关于法国人吃得少的另一个原因——物价贵，故选 E 项。 5．答案：A 解析：本段首句提示本段主旨“在法国，生活质量比效率更重要”；空格前一句提到“法国当地的咖啡厅总是很拥挤”，空格后提到“这些人什么时候工作？”这个问题。分析选项，A 项“不是所有的顾客都是游客。”可以承上启下，此处 customers 符合咖啡馆的情境设定，解释说明上文咖啡厅拥挤的原因，并且呼应下一句的提问，也就是说，咖啡厅的顾客也有当地人，符合本段主题，说明法国人热爱生活，而相对而言对待工作不是很积极，故选 A 项。 Passage 17 （浙江经典真题） You’ve got mail... and it’s a postcard Paulo Magalhaes, a 34-year-old Portuguese computer engineer, loves to open his mailbox and find a brightly colored picture of Rome’s Colosseum. Or Africa’s Victoria Falls. Or China’s Great Wall. 1.________ “I often send postcards to family and friends,” he says to China Daily, “but you can imagine that after a while, you never receive as many as you send, and you realize that not everyone is into it. 2.________” Seeking other like-minded souls, however, Paulo started looking in a somewhat unlikely place: online. Many would say the Internet is a place for people who have given up on the traditional postal service, but Paulo’s hunch （直觉） paid off. Today his hobby has developed into the website postcrossing.com, a social network that has grown to 575,217 registered users in 214 countries and regions since he started it 10 years ago. 3.________ Running the website has almost turned into a full-time job. Language is certainly a barrier for many people. For postcrossing to work worldwide, a common communication language is needed so that everyone can understand each other. As cool as it may be to receive a postcard written in Chinese, the concept doesn’t work if one doesn’tunderstand it. 4.________ So a common language is required and in postcrossing that’s English since it’s widely spoken. “Many people in China have limited exposure to English. 5.________ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing,” Paulo says. A. And that’s totally fine. B. That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it. C. He likes to think of sending postcards as a family-friendly hobby. D. Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E. On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F. Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G. In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away. 主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通 学科素养：思维品质 1. 答案：G 解析：空格前列举了 Paulo Magalhaes 收到的各种主题的明信片；空格处后一段第一句指出 Paulo Magalhaes 在接受《中国日报 》采访时说自己经常给家人和朋友寄明信片。分析选项可知，G 项“In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand-written note from someone far away.”指出 Paulo Magalhaes 喜欢明信片，也喜欢收到明信片上来自远方的某个人的手写字条时的兴奋感。G 项能够起到承上启下的作用，故选 G 项。 2. 答案：A 解析：根据空格前的内容可知，Paulo Magalhaes 经常给家人和朋友寄明信片，但是在一段时间后他收到的明信片并不如寄的那样多，他意识到并不是每个人都喜欢明信片；而空格后的内容提到，他转而去互联网寻找与他志趣相投的灵魂，因此 Paulo Magalhaes 应当是坦然接受了“家人和身边的朋友并非都和他有相同爱好”这一事实，故选 A 项。 3. 答案：E 解析：空格处前面提到，Paulo Magalhaes 的爱好已经发展成了 postcrossing.com 这个社交网站，自从10 年前他创建这个网站以来，已经有来自 214 个国家和地区的 575217 名注册用户；空格后又强调网站运营的工作量很大，因此可推测，空格处应该也是在介绍网站的发展情况。分析选项可知，只有 E 项 “8 月 5 日，会员互赠的明信片数量超过了 3100 万 张。”符合文意，故选 E 项。 4. 答案：F 解析：空格处前面提到，收到中文的明信片可能很酷，但是如果不懂中文，这个概念就行不通；空格后提到需要一门共同使用的语言，由此可知，空格处的内容与语言造成的沟通障碍有关。分析选项可知，只有 F 项“同样，如果你只会说中文，收到瑞典语的卡片也会夺走一部分乐趣。”符合语境，故选 F 项。 5. 答案：B 解析：空格处前面提到，许多中国人很少能接触到英语，分析 B 项“那使得学习和练习它尤其困难。”，that 指代“许多中国人很少能接触英语”的事实，第二个 it 指代“英语”，符合语境；空格后指出，很多postcrossing 会员都通过使用 postcrossing 提高了自身的英语技能，是在说以英语为通用语言来互赠明信片的优势，B 项符合语境，故选 B 项。 Passage 18 （2023 浙江1月真题） With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing. Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible. Plan ahead. Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. 1.________ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. Use a travel agent. Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 2.________ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals. Bring a blanket. When you’re riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 3.________ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold. Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 4.________ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. Have fun. 5.________ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600（the number of seconds in an hour） by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile （the distance between two mileposts）. If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you’re going 67.92 mph. A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types. B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months. E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner. 主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化 学科素养：文化意识 1. 答案：D 解析：空格前一句提到大部分长途火车票，特别是卧铺车厢，很快就会售完，空格后一句提到“但是无论你什么时候旅行，最好至少提前 90 天预订你的车票”，D 项“That’s particularly true during busy summer months.（在繁忙的夏季尤其如此。）”承上启下，选项中的 summer months 与空格后 no matter when 相呼应，符合语境，故选 D 项。That 指代 sell out very quickly。 2. 答案：G 解析：根据本段首句“Use a travel agent.”以及整段内容可知 , 作者建议将旅行事务交给一位旅行代办人，他可以帮忙处理一些旅行中遇到的实际问题，例如一个好的旅行代办人可以帮忙买到打折票。G 项“He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.（他也可能帮你订到紧邻餐车的卧铺车厢。）”符合语境，且与空格后的“这样你就不必一天三次在行驶的火车上穿过几节车厢去吃饭了。”相呼应，故选 G 项。 3. 答案：C 解析：空格前一句提到建议乘客在乘坐火车时带一条毯子 , 因为火车上是不会免费提供的。空格后一句又提到夏天的时候，空调系统可能会导致车厢内很冷。由此可以推断，车厢内的温度忽高忽低，比较难控制，C 项“The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.”符合语境，故选 C 项。 4. 答案：E 解析：根据空格前的“大部分火车一天只运行一趟，还有一些火车一周只运行三趟，所以错过一趟车可能是一场灾难。”可知，如果你没赶上火车，你可能需要很久才能等到下一趟火车，E 项“You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.”符合语境，故选 E 项。 5. 答案：A 解析：根据整段内容可知，作者建议通过在火车上看书、做针织、玩填字游戏等消遣的方式来享受旅途，而能够静下心来做这些事情的，通常不会是那些缺乏耐心的人，A 项“Train trips aren’t for impatient types.”符合语境，故选 A 项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$