高效作业8 Unit 2 Period Ⅲ Using Language-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业8 [Period Ⅲ　Using Language](见学生用书P159) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It’s my recommendation that you book the __grand__(宏大的) hotel commanding(俯瞰) the whole wonderful view of the city. 2．Most people have little __capacity__(能力) for creativity in solving problems at work. 3．The 21­year­old runner twisted his ankle in a training __session__(一段时间) last Friday. 4．Mary worked here as a __temporary__(暂时的) secretary at first but ended up getting a full­time job at the company. 5．The project is only in its initial __phase__(阶段) as yet, but it looks quite promising. 6．Treated as the national treasure, the giant panda is a rare species of __mammal__(哺乳动物). 7．It appears that these huge palm leaves and __trunks__(树干) fell into the ocean a long time ago. 8．He squeezed through a narrow opening in the __fence__(栅栏). 9．The swallows are building a __nest__(巢穴) under the roof of our house. 10．She claims that __violent__(暴力的) films are polluting the minds of children. 11．He is an environmentalist with a passion for the __biology__(生物学) and geography of the region. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Do you think it’s within his capacity __to_do__(do) the job without making a mess of it? 2．The escaped __prisoner__(prison)got arrested immediately he turned up at the railway station and was sent to prison again. 3．The best way to reduce the number of traffic accidents is to make all young drivers complete a safe driving education course before being __licensed__(license) to drive. 4．Prices of goods are governed by the cost of the raw materials, as well as by the cost of production and __distribution__(distribute). 5．She will live here __temporarily__(temporary) before moving into her new house. 6．I picked up a __handful__(hand) of letters and began to open them. 7．The young man was charged with robbery with __violence__(violent). 8．The female must find a warm place __to_hatch__(hatch) her eggs. 9．__While/Although__ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. 10．Bamboo grows best in places __where__ it is warm and rains often. Ⅲ.用方框中所给词或短语的适当形式填空 frequent；hang onto；have a wide distribution；license；mammal；pick．..up；hatch；find；a small handful of；among which Australia has lots of unique animals，1．__among_which__ kangaroo is a symbol of the country as it 2．__has_a_wide_distribution__ throughout the country. Koalas which spend quite a lot of time 3．__hanging_onto__ tree trunks are very cute but sensitive. So you shouldn’t approach it to 4．__pick__ it __up__ or even touch it unless in certain 5．__licensed__ zoos for only a limited time and on a limited 6．__frequency__ of occasions. Australia also has a unique animal called the duck­billed platypus. Its eggs 7．__hatch__ after about ten days，and then the baby platypus is nursed by its mother like all other 8．__mammals__. It has a capacity 9．__to_find__ food in the water by using electrical sensors in its bill. There are only 10．__a_small_handful_of__ animals in the world that can do that! [话题语篇提升] Ⅳ.阅读理解 A Thorny devils, Namib desert beetles, desert rattlesnakes, kangaroo rats and more have developed smart ways of surviving in water­scarce(缺水的) environments. Thorny devils In Australian deserts live some animals known as thorny devils. These animals specialise in eating ants, which are also where they get their water. But when ants are scarce, or conditions are even drier than normal, they have a backup. They will collect moisture in their extremely dry habitat by the condensation(凝结的水珠) of dew collected on their bodies at night. The dew takes form on their skin. Then they let the network of tiny canals on their skin catch small amounts of water and guide the liquid directly to their mouths. Namib desert beetles An ocean away in southwestern Africa, the Namib desert beetles pull a similar trick. They use their backs as a cooler to catch water trapped in the morning fog. As the droplets grow in size, they run down the insects’ backs towards their mouths. Desert rattlesnakes Desert rattlesnakes of the western US are able to live on just one hearty meal a year. But without a drink of water now and then, the snakes would dry up and breathe their last in a few days. So how do they survive in the Rocky Mountains, where water is scarce? Easy. They turn their bodies into bowls in the evening to collect the dew. With their cold bodies flattened into a bowl, the dew gathers on their skin. Kangaroo rats These pocket­size animals in the US Midwest plains never drink water. They spend 75 percent of their time in underground holes to avoid the heat in the desert. They survive on a diet of dry grass seeds, which they first bury underground. Because the underground soil is wetter than the surface soil, stored seeds may absorb as much as 30 percent more water than the ones above the ground. So when the rats eat their seeds, they get both food and water. (　C　)1．Where do Namib desert beetles live? A．In Australian deserts. B．In the US Midwest plains. C．In southwestern Africa. D．In Canada’s Rocky Mountains. (　D　)2．What is unique about kangaroo rats? A．They drink underground water. B．They bury their backs to get water. C．They don’t need water to survive. D．They just use their food to gather water. (　B　)3．Which of the following may have a better chance of surviving in food­scarce environments? A．Thorny devils. B．Desert rattlesnakes. C．Kangaroo rats. D．Namib desert beetles. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了棘蜥、响尾蛇等动物如何以独特的方式在缺水的环境中存活。 1．C　细节理解题。根据Namib desert beetles部分中的“An ocean away in southwestern Africa, the Namib desert beetles pull a similar trick.(在大洋彼岸的非洲西南部，纳米布沙漠甲虫也玩着类似的把戏。)”可知，这种甲虫生活在非洲西南部。故选C。 2．D　细节理解题。根据Kangaroo rats部分中的“These pocket­size animals in the US Midwest plains never drink water.(位于美国中西部平原的这些口袋大小的动物从不喝水。)”和“So when the rats eat their seeds, they get both food and water.(所以当更格卢鼠吃它们的种子，它们得到了食物和水分。)”可知，更格卢鼠独特的一点在于它们不喝水，靠食物获取水分。故选D。 3．B　细节理解题。根据Desert rattlesnakes部分中的“Desert rattlesnakes of the western US are able to live on just one hearty meal a year.(美国西部的沙漠响尾蛇仅凭每年吃一次大餐就能存活。)”可知，响尾蛇对食物的依赖度是最低的，更适合在食物短缺的环境下生存。故选B。 B Australia officially listed koalas across its eastern coast as “endangered” on Friday. Conservationists said koala populations had crashed in much of eastern Australia over the past two decades, warning that they were now sliding towards extinction. The koala, a globally recognised symbol of Australia’s unique wildlife, had been listed as “vulnerable(易危)” on the eastern coast just a decade earlier. “We are taking unprecedented action to protect the koala，” the Minister of Environment, Sussan Ley said, highlighting a recent government promise of A$50 million to protect and recover koala habitats. Environmentalists welcomed the koalas’ new status but blamed Australia’s failure to protect the species so far. “Koalas have gone from no­listing to vulnerable to endangered within a decade. That is a shockingly fast decline，” said WWF­Australia conservation scientist Stuart Blanch. “Today’s decision is welcome, but it won’t stop koalas from sliding towards extinction unless it’s accompanied by stronger laws to protect their forest homes.” Alexia Wellbelove of the Humane Society International said east coast koalas could be extinct by 2050 if no action was taken. “We_can’t_afford_any_more_clearing，” she said. “The extinction of koalas does not have to happen，” she added. “We must stop allowing their homes to be cleared for mines, new houses, agricultural projects and industrial logging.” Australia’s koalas had been living on a “knife edge” even before the “Black Summer” bush fires of 2019—2020 because of land­clearing, drought, disease, car strikes and dog attacks, said Josey Sharrad, wildlife campaign manager at the International Fund for Animal Welfare. “We should never have allowed things to get to the point where we are at risk of losing a national icon，” said Sharrad. “The bush fires were the final straw. This must be a wake­up call to Australia and the government to move much faster to protect critical habitat from development and land­clearing, and seriously deal with the impacts of climate change.” (　B　)4．Why did environmentalists welcome the koala’s new status? A．This would stop koalas from extinction. B．This could lead to action to protect koalas. C．They could blame the government’s failure. D．They may have time to recover koala habitats. (　C　)5．What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4? A．Land­clearing costs a lot of money. B．Homes for koalas should be offered. C．Land­clearing can cause koalas to die out. D．No money can be spent on wildlife protection. (　A　)6．How does Sharrad feel about the present state of Koalas? A．Concerned. B．Disappointed. C．Frightened. D．Satisfied. (　C　)7．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Koalas: Australia’s National Icon B．Koalas Will Live on a Knife Edge C．Australia Lists Koalas as Endangered D．Bushfires: Koala Killers in Australia 【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述澳大利亚将考拉列为濒危物种以及这样做的原因，并介绍了环保人士以及相关人员对此做法的反应。 4．B　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Environmentalists welcomed the koalas’ new status but blamed Australia’s failure to protect the species so far.”可知，环境保护主义者对考拉的新地位表示欢迎，但指责澳大利亚迄今为止未能保护好这一物种；根据本段世界自然基金会澳大利亚保护科学家Stuart Blanch说的话中“Today’s decision is welcome, but it won’t stop koalas from sliding towards extinction unless it’s accompanied by stronger laws to protect their forest homes.”可知，科学家Stuart Blanch认为今天的决定值得欢迎，但这并不能阻止考拉走向灭绝，除非同时制定更强有力的法律来保护它们的森林家园。由此可推断出，环境保护主义者欢迎考拉的新地位是因为政府的这一决定可能会导致保护考拉的行为。故选B。 5．C　句意猜测题。根据画线句下文“’The extinction of koalas does not have to happen，’ she added. ’We must stop allowing their homes to be cleared for mines, new houses, agricultural projects and industrial logging.’ (她补充说：’考拉的灭绝不一定会发生，我们必须停止允许它们的家园被开垦，被用于矿山，新房子，农业项目和工业伐木。’)”可知，考拉的灭绝不一定会发生，但继续开垦考拉的栖息地会使考拉灭绝，所以必须停止对考拉家园的开垦。由此可推知画线句子表示“对考拉家园的开垦会导致考拉灭绝”。故选C。 6．A　推理判断题。根据最后一段Sharrad说的话“We should never have allowed things to get to the point where we are at risk of losing a national icon(我们不应该让事情发展到我们有可能失去一个国家标志的地步)”和“The bush fires were the final straw. This must be a wake­up call to Australia and the government to move much faster to protect critical habitat from development and land­clearing, and seriously deal with the impacts of climate change.(丛林大火是最后一根稻草。这必须给澳大利亚和政府敲响警钟，加快保护重要栖息地免受开发和开垦土地的步伐，并认真应对气候变化的影响。)”可知，Sharrad认为应该加快行动，保护考拉及其栖息地。由此推知Sharrad对考拉的现状是担心的。故选A。 7．C　主旨大意题。根据文章内容，尤其第一段中的“Australia officially listed koalas across its eastern coast as ’endangered’ on Friday. (周五，澳大利亚正式将东海岸的考拉列为’濒危物种’。)”可知，文章主要介绍澳大利亚将考拉列为“濒危物种”、分析了原因，同时列出了各界人士对这个决定的反应。因此C项“Australia Lists Koalas as Endangered(澳大利亚将考拉列为濒危物种)”为文章的最佳标题。故选C。 Ⅴ.七选五 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The cicada(蝉) has an interesting life cycle, but most of us only become aware of these insects in summer when they reach adulthood and begin their calls. 1．__A__ Some, like the Golden Emperor, have complicated songs. The summertime calls of the cicada are made by adult males to attract females. Their eggs are usually laid in scratches cut through the skin of the tree. Once it has been completed, the adults die. When the eggs hatch, the larvae(幼虫) drop to the ground and live under the soil. 2．__C__ They spend as little as several months for some species or as long as several years for other species buried under ground, shedding(蜕) their skin as they grow. They shed their skin for the last time to become adult cicadas with their wings. 3．__D__ A few days after coming out of the soil, the males call for mates and the life cycle begins again. The Golden Emperor, whose call is quite different from others, is one of Australia’s biggest and prettiest cicadas. 4．__G__ The Golden Emperor calls in groups, but getting to see one up close is very difficult as they fly away when approached. Also, as their breeding season progresses, they gradually move higher up the tree trunks. 5．__B__ The Golden Emperor is a delight just to listen to if you can’t see the insect itself. A．Not all cicadas have simple, loud noise. B．This act makes their calls the only sign that they are still around. C．The larvae attach themselves to tree roots and feed on their liquid. D．When they have become mature, they come out of the soil as a group. E．Their songs call on female to fly to them and fight for next generation. F．If that happens, they will fly away and go to some place that they really love. G．Their call starts with two notes and then rises sharply before it suddenly drops down. 【语篇解读】 文章主要介绍了蝉的一生，在文章最后一段专门介绍了澳大利亚金帝蝉和其他蝉的不同之处。 1．A　根据空后一句“Some, like the Golden Emperor, have complicated songs.”可知，有些蝉可以发出复杂的声音，例如金帝蝉。因此A项“Not all cicadas have simple, loud noise.(并非所有的蝉都发出简单、吵闹的声音。)”符合语境，选项中的simple对应空后一句中的complicated。故选A。 2．C　根据空前一句“When the eggs hatch, the larvae(幼虫) drop to the ground and live under the soil.”可知，蝉的幼虫由卵孵化后，就会生活在地下。因此C项“The larvae attach themselves to tree roots and feed on their liquid.(这些幼虫附着在树根上，并吸食树根的液体。)”符合语境，讲述了幼虫在地下生活的状态，larvae是关键词。故选C。 3．D　根据空前一句“They shed their skin for the last time to become adult cicadas with their wings.”可知，它们最后一次蜕皮，变成有翅膀的成年蝉。因此D项“When they have become mature, they come out of the soil as a group.(当它们成年时，它们成群结队从土壤里出来。)”符合语境，选项中的mature与空前的adult相对应。故选D。 4．G　空前一句中的关键信息为The Golden Emperor, whose call is quite different from others，说明金帝蝉的声音与别的蝉不同，因此推测空处应该介绍金帝蝉的叫声，G项“Their call starts with two notes and then rises sharply before it suddenly drops down.(它们的叫声以两个音符开始，然后急剧上升，再突然下降。)”符合语境，介绍金帝蝉的叫声是如何跟其他的蝉不同的。故选G。 5．B　根据空前一句“Also, as their breeding season progresses, they gradually move higher up the tree trunks.”可知，随着繁殖季节的推进，它们会逐渐爬到树干的高处。B项“This act makes their calls the only sign that they are still around.(这种行为让它们的叫声成为它们还在的唯一标志。)”符合语境，选项中的This act指代空前一句中的“move higher up the tree trunks”。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$