高效作业5 Unit 1 Science Fiction 单元小测-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业5　单元小测(见学生用书P153) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．__Rumour__(传闻) has it that you’re going to be the next managing director. Is it true? 2．It is not an __overstatement__(夸张) to say that you have changed my life. 3．She said it in a whisper so I __presumed__(假定) it wasn’t common knowledge. 4．Some of the students had great fun, __whereas__(然而) others did not. 5．If the camera is not brought into the focus, the photo will be __blurred__(模糊不清的). 6．He was driving so fast that his car tyre __exploded__(爆炸). 7．I love the job, and it’s an added __bonus__(额外的好处) that it’s so close to my home. 8．I __gripped__(抓紧) the rail(栏杆) and tried not to look down. 9．They are struggling to keep up with the __pace__(步伐) of change in the industry. 10．The car parts themselves are not expensive. It’s the __labour__(劳动) that costs the money. 11．He felt what he was being asked to do took away his __dignity__(尊严) and self­respect. 12．I have always regarded him as a man of __integrity__(诚实正直) and he is definitely trustworthy. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．The minister __was_dismissed__(dismiss) from his office in disgrace last week. 2．Your doctors can help a great deal and you need to talk about it with them as a matter of __urgency__(urgent). 3．My __calculation__(calculate) is based on notional(理论上的) figures, since the actual figures are not yet available. 4．The photos __suspended__(suspend) on the wall reminded me of the scenes in the science fiction. 5．It’s wrong of us to judge a person on the __basis__(base) of his appearance. 6．He had no sense of shame and never felt __guilty__(guilt). 7．He was __appointed__ as manager of the company. But to everyone’s surprise, he didn’t accept the __appointment__．(appoint) 8．In the __declaration__(declare), they declared for the government’s decision to strengthen traditional Chinese festivals. 9．The candies were __divided__ among all the kids, but they could not agree on the __division__ of them.(divide) 10．The frightening __explosion__(explode) has left a hole more than forty miles across. 11．I am __stunned__(stun) by the news that my athletic colleague was admitted to hospital because of a sudden heart attack. 12．As is stated here, the __maximum__(maximise) load for this elevator is eight persons. Ⅲ.短语填空 1．It is necessary that we weigh up the __pros_and_cons__(事物的利与弊) of including English words in Chinese dictionaries. 2．Some reporters and invited guests were permitted to __test_out__(检验) the new system. 3．Miss Smith has asked for sick leave, and I have to __take_over__(接手) her work for a couple of days. 4．She remained positive when she found herself __in_conflict_with__(与……冲突) her parents. 5．Though influenced by popular culture and trends, the young generation treats buying __more_like__(更像是) a process of researching. 6．We had a good many worries but everything __turned_out__(结果是) all right in the end. 7．I __have_an_urge_to__(有强烈的欲望做某事) help people out when they’re in trouble. 8．An hour out of London, the rows of houses started to __fall_away__(消失) and we were surrounded by the beautiful countryside. 9．__It’s_calculated__(据估算) that the cost of the damage caused by the recent storms has reached over ￡500 million. 10．There is no question that the new method is __superior_to__(比……更好) the old one. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．任何被指控犯罪的人在被证明有罪之前应被推定为无罪。(“疑问词＋ever”引导的让步状语从句) __Whoever_is_charged_with_a_crime__ should be presumed innocent until proven otherwise. 2．和汤姆争吵没用，因为他绝不会改变他的想法。(It’s no use doing sth) __It’s_no_use_arguing_with_Tom__ because he will never change his mind. 3．这个曾经被毁的地方现在变成了一所美丽的学校，真是令人惊讶。(It is ＋adj.＋that…) __It’s_amazing_that__ the once­ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school. 4．我们将会发现赶上变化的需求越来越难了。(find＋it＋adj.＋to do sth) We will __find_it_more_and_more_difficult_to_keep_up_with__the demand for change. 5．音乐可以让你笑、哭或者大喊。它也是一个很好的灵感来源。(make＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Music can __make_you_laugh,_cry_or_shout__. It’s also a great source of inspiration. [话题语篇提升] Ⅴ.阅读理解 This month, science fiction magazine Lightspeed changed its normal publishing schedule to bring readers a special issue: “Women Destroy Science Fiction！” It’s more than just a collection of stories entirely edited and written by women. It’s an exhibition of all the ways in which women are writing—and have written. Many of the stories will be considered the best hard science fiction even by the pickiest critics(评论家). For example, Tananarive Due’s Like Daughter deals with what happens when humans have easy access to cloning. The Unfathomable Sisterhood of Ick by Charlie Jane Anders takes place in a future where changing brain chemistry is as common as taking vitamins now. However, it is also true that the authors are more focused on the relations between people, or between people and society, or changing cultural and gender roles. There are stories that refuse to stay firmly within science fiction borders. For example, James Tiptree Jr.’s Love Is the Plan and the Plan Is Death is a mixture of horror, mystery and even love, something not commonly seen in science fiction. So are women destroying science fiction? If your idea of science fiction is limited to the concept formed by works like Isaac Asimov’s Nightfall and Arthur Charles Clarke’s Childhood’s End, then many of the stories within these pages may well seem like devastation． “But the stories we read and the stories we tell shape who we are，” Pat Murphy once said in a famous speech back in 1991. “They also shape the culture they’re born into. Thus, if women keep writing such kind of science fiction, and keep calling it science fiction, the room for science fiction will expand. They will exist nicely beside other kinds of science fiction.” I cannot agree more. Women have the right to create a space for themselves within science fiction—one filled with their dreams, experiences and realities. (　A　)1．What is special about the latest edition of Lightspeed? A．All the stories are written by female novelists. B．It is a collection of the published love stories. C．It has been well received by most of the critics. D．Every story in it belongs to hard science fiction. (　D　)2．Which of the following can be considered non­science­fiction in a strict sense? A．Like Daughter. B．The Unfathomable Sisterhood of Ick. C．Childhood’s End. D．Love Is the Plan and the Plan Is Death. (　A　)3．What does the underlined word “devastation” in Paragraph 6 mean? A．Destruction. B．Progress. C．Contribution. D．Reward. (　C　)4．What did Pat Murphy mean in his speech? A．Science fiction is an important part of our life. B．Women are unsuitable to write science fiction. C．The definition of science fiction should be expanded. D．Science fiction should focus mainly on future technologies. 【语篇解读】 文章主要探讨了女性写的感性十足的科幻小说能否被称为科幻小说。 1．A　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It’s more than just a collection of stories entirely edited and written by women.(它不仅仅是由女性编辑和撰写的故事集。)”可知，所有的故事都是由女性小说家写的。故选A。 2．D　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“There are stories that refuse to stay firmly within science fiction borders. For example, James Tiptree Jr.’s Love Is the Plan and the Plan Is Death is a mixture of horror, mystery and even love, something not commonly seen in science fiction.(有些故事拒绝严格遵守科幻小说的界限。例如，小詹姆斯·提普垂里的《爱是计划，计划是死亡》是科幻小说中不常见的恐怖、神秘甚至爱情的混合体。)”可知，严格意义上讲，《爱是计划，计划是死亡》不能算科幻小说。故选D。 3．A　词义猜测题。根据第五段“So are women destroying science fiction? (女性在摧毁科幻小说吗？)”和第六段“If your idea of science fiction is limited to the concept formed by works like Isaac Asimov’s Nightfall and Arthur Charles Clarke’s Childhood’s End, then many of the stories within these pages may well seem like devastation.(如果你对科幻小说的理解仅限于艾萨克·阿西莫夫的《日暮》和亚瑟·查尔斯·克拉克的《童年的终结》等作品所形成的概念，那么这些书页中的许多故事可能看起来像是devastation。)”可知，画线句上文谈及女性也许在摧毁科幻小说，如果你对科幻小说的理解仅限正统科幻小说，那么女性写的科幻故事就是一种对科幻的毁灭，因此画线词与 destruction 为同义词。故选A。 4．C　推理判断题。根据第七段中Pat Murphy说的话中“Thus, if women keep writing such kind of science fiction, and keep calling it science fiction, the room for science fiction will expand. They will exist nicely beside other kinds of science fiction.(因此，如果女性继续写这样的科幻小说，并继续称其为科幻小说，科幻小说的空间就会扩大。它们将与其他类型的科幻小说完美地并存。)”可推断出，Pat Murphy 认为我们应该拓宽科幻小说的定义。故选C。 Ⅵ.完形填空 ChatGPT has been everywhere for the last few months. It raises __1__ about their impact on everything happening in our society. ChatGPT is a natural language processing tool __2__ by AI technology that allows you to have human­like __3__ and much more. The language model can answer questions and __4__ you with tasks, such as composing emails, essays, and code. The __5__ to produce frequently accurate responses to a vast range of questions is why it became the fastest­growing app of all time, __6__ 100 million users in only two months. The fact that it can also __7__ essays, articles, and poetry has only __8__ its appeal. It is also equally __9__ at coding and productivity tasks. For the former, its ability to __10__ code from natural speech makes it a powerful partner for both new and __11__ coders. Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has __12__. Such restrictions include the inability to answer questions that are worded in a __13__ way, as it requires rewording to understand the input question. A bigger limitation is a lack of quality in the __14__ it delivers. Another major limitation is that its data is limited up to 2021. The chat robot does not have any __15__ of events or news that have occurred since then. Lastly, ChatGPT does not provide sources of its responses. (　B　)1．A．requests B．concerns C．emotions D．doubts (　A　)2．A．driven B．followed C．inspired D．entertained (　D　)3．A．conflicts B．challenges C．interests D．conversations (　C　)4．A．manage B．control C．assist D．accompany (　A　)5．A．ability B．chance C．responsibility D．purpose (　B　)6．A．consulting B．reaching C．introducing D．counting (　D　)7．A．cause B．return C．exist D．generate (　A　)8．A．added to B．connected to C．devoted to D．owed to (　C　)9．A．determined B．equipped C．talented D．alarmed (　B　)10．A．save B．create C．choose D．describe (　D　)11．A．cautious B．untrained C．familiar D．experienced (　A　)12．A．limitations B．possibilities C．requirements D．advantages (　C　)13．A．right B．suitable C．specific D．natural (　B　)14．A．approaches B．responses C．contributions D．sensitivity (　D　)15．A．notice B．question C．feeling D．awareness 【语篇解读】 文章介绍了ChatGPT拥有强大的语言处理能力，可以与我们开展对话，协助我们处理很多事务，但它在理解特定方式的问题、回复质量和数据更新等方面存在局限性。 1．B　这引起了人们对它们会影响我们社会中发生的一切的担忧。A.request请求；B.concern担忧；C.emotion情绪；D.doubt怀疑。故选B。 2．A　ChatGPT是一款由人工智能技术驱动的自然语言处理工具。A.drive驱动；B.follow跟随；C.inspire激励；D.entertain娱乐。故选A。 3．D　ChatGPT是一款由人工智能技术驱动的自然语言处理工具，允许你进行类似人类的对话等。A.conflict冲突；B.challenge挑战；C.interest利益；D.conversation对话。故选D。 4．C　语言模式可以回答问题并帮助你完成任务，例如编写电子邮件、论文和代码。A.manage管理；B.control控制；C.assist协助；D.accompany陪伴。故选C。 5．A　它能够对各种各样的问题给出准确的回答，这就是为什么它成为有史以来增长最快的应用程序。A.ability能力；B.chance机会；C.responsibility责任；D.purpose目的。故选A。 6．B　它能够对各种各样的问题给出准确的回答，在短短两个月内就达到了1亿用户。A.consult咨询；B.reach达到；C.introduce介绍；D.count计数。故选B。 7．D　它还可以生成论文、散文和诗歌的事实增加了它的吸引力。A.cause引起；B.return返回；C.exist存在；D.generate生成。故选D。 8．A　它还可以生成论文、散文和诗歌的事实增加了它的吸引力。A.add to增加；B.connect to连接；C.devote to致力于；D.owe to归功于。故选A。 9．C　它在写代码和生产力任务方面也同样表现出色。A.determined坚定的；B.equipped装备齐全的；C.talented有才能的；D.alarmed惊慌的。故选C。 10．B　对于前者，它从自然语音中创建代码的能力使其成为新手和经验丰富的程序员的强大合作伙伴。A.save保存；B.create创造；C.choose选择；D.describe描述。故选B。 11．D　它从自然语音中创建代码的能力使其成为新手和经验丰富的程序员的强大合作伙伴。A.cautious谨慎的；B.untrained未经训练的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.experienced有经验的。故选D。 12．A　尽管看起来非常令人印象深刻，但ChatGPT仍然有局限性。A.limitation局限性，不足之处；B.possibility可能性；C.requirement要求；D.advantage优势。故选A。 13．C　这些局限包括无法回答以特定方式措辞的问题，因为需要重新措辞它才能理解输入的问题。A.right正确的；B.suitable合适的；C.specific特定的；D.natural自然的。故选C。 14．B　一个更大的限制是它提供的回复没有质量。A.approach方法；B.response回应；C.contribution贡献；D.sensitivity敏感性。故选B。 15．D　聊天机器人不了解此后发生的事件或新闻。A.notice通知；B.question问题；C.feeling感觉；D.awareness意识，have awareness of sth意为“了解……”，符合语境。故选D。 Ⅶ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the past few years, scientists 1．__have_developed__(develop) a new artificial intelligence technology that can detect whether someone is lying through analysing the muscles in his face. Patches(贴片) placed on a person’s face detect muscle activity and then machine learning technology is used. The machine is able 2．__to_calculate__(calculate) whether or not the person has been telling lies. 3．__Invented__(invent) by Yael Hanein at Tel Aviv University in Israel, the machine showed success rate of 73 percent, implying it can catch liars with ease. How would our facial expressions give 4．__away__ our lies? According to researchers from the University of British Columbia, Canada, some of the muscles in our faces change “behaviour” when we are lying. Liars 5．__usually__(usual) raise their eyebrows. They also blink a lot and hold 6．__their__(they) eyes closed longer. 7．__Closing__(close) the eyes is a way to buy time for the liar so that they can better perfect their story. Liars often blush(脸红). Blood flows into the cheeks as they become nervous about the 8．__truth__(true) possibly being revealed. Liars also have fake smiles. 9．__A__ real smile often causes the eyes to light up or become smaller. This is because more muscles are used 10．__when__ we are happy. A fake smile is often accompanied by “dead” eyes instead. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了科学家们开发了一种新的人工智能机器，它可以通过分析人脸上的肌肉来判断他是否在说谎。 1．have developed　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，科学家们开发了一种新的人工智能技术，可以通过分析某人脸上的肌肉来判断他是否在说谎。结合时间状语“Over the past few years”可知，时态用现在完成时；主语为复数可数名词scientists，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have developed。 2．to calculate　考查非谓语动词。句意：这台机器能够计算出这个人是否一直在说谎。固定搭配be able to do sth，意为“能够做某事”。故填to calculate。 3．Invented　考查非谓语动词。句意：该机器由以色列特拉维夫大学的Yael Hanein发明，成功率为73%，这意味着它可以轻松地抓到说谎者。分析句子结构可知，主句的谓语动词为“showed”，因此invent需用非谓语动词形式，invent和其逻辑主语“the machine”之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。位于句首，invented的首字母需大写。故填Invented。 4．away　考查副词。句意：我们的面部表情如何暴露我们的谎言？固定搭配give away意为“泄露；暴露”。故填away。 5．usually　考查副词。句意：说谎者通常会扬起眉毛。修饰动词raise，需用副词形式作状语。故填usually。 6．their　考查代词。句意：他们还经常眨眼，而且闭上他们眼睛的时间更长。空后为名词“eyes”，故空处应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。 7．Closing　考查非谓语动词。句意：闭上眼睛是为说谎者争取时间的一种方式，这样他们就可以更好地完善他们的故事。空处为动名词短语作主语，表示一般性的行为；位于句首，closing的首字母需大写。故填Closing。 8．truth　考查名词。句意：当他们对真相可能被揭露感到紧张时，血液就会流入脸颊。根据空前的定冠词“the”可知，空处应用名词，true的名词形式为truth，为不可数名词。故填truth。 9．A　考查冠词。句意：真正的微笑通常会使眼睛发亮或变小。此处泛指一个真正的微笑，real 以辅音音素开头，且位于句首。故填A。 10．when　考查状语从句。句意：这是因为当我们快乐的时候会用到更多的肌肉。空处应填连词，引导时间状语从句。故填when。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$