高效作业4 Unit 1 Period Ⅳ Writing-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

高效作业4 [Period Ⅳ　Writing](见学生用书P151) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Young people who are hooked on reading science fiction may be on to something. Contrary to a common misunderstanding that reading science fiction is an unworthy practice, reading science fiction may help young people cope, especially with the stress and anxiety of life while developing critical thinking skills and emotional intelligence for young readers. Historically, parents have considered literature “good” for young people if it provides moral guidance that reflects their own values. The question is how literature of science fiction performs its educational function. This is central to the conflict between parents and educators about what kids should read. Those who read it have been stigmatised as geeks who can’t cope with reality. A 2015 survey found that these science fiction readers were also major consumers of a wide range of other types of books. In fact, the study noted a close connection between reading varied literary forms and an ability to understand science. Rather than limiting readers’ capacity to deal with reality, reading science fiction may expand their ability to engage in reality. Science fiction does not need to provide real stories about serious social and political issues. Instead, it offers a distance between them. This distance gives readers an approach to coping with complexity and using their imagination to manage real­life challenges. It is why they are powerful and where their value lies. What better way to deal with the uncertainty in life than with science fiction, which explores uncertainty and depicts young people as brave characters, survivors and shapers of their own fates? Let them read science fiction. In it, young people can see themselves—coping, surviving and learning lessons—that may enable them to create their own strategies for life. But the critical thinking and wise habits of mind prompted by this type of literature may actually produce creativity that everyday life and reality typically do not. (　A　)1．Why is science fiction rejected by many parents as a proper type of reading? A．It lacks the educational functions they need. B．It agrees with the common belief in society. C．It seldom develops critical and creative thinking. D．It results in too many expectations from parents. (　C　)2．What is the author trying to convey with the findings of the 2015 survey? A．Literature has a negative effect on understanding science. B．More other types of reading are consumed than science fiction. C．Reading science fiction boosts the young people’s ability to cope with reality. D．Reading science fiction restricts readers’ capacity to deal with stress. (　C　)3．What does the underlined word “depicts” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Criticises. B．Employs. C．Describes. D．Suspects. (　D　)4．What’s the main idea of the passage? A．Why science fiction is so appealing to the young readers. B．How science fiction turns into the literature mainstream. C．What stories science fiction is bringing to the young people. D．How reading science fiction helps kids tackle reality. 【语篇解读】 文章主要说明了父母总是认为科幻小说缺乏他们所需要的教育功能，然而有研究发现阅读科幻小说可能会扩大读者接触现实的能力，而不是限制他们处理现实的能力。文章还介绍了科幻小说是如何帮助年轻人更好地应对现实的。 1．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The question is how literature of science fiction performs its educational function. This is central to the conflict between parents and educators about what kids should read.(问题是科幻文学是如何发挥其教育功能的？这是父母和教育者之间关于孩子应该读什么的冲突的中心。)”可知，很多父母拒绝把科幻小说作为一种合适的阅读类型，是因为科幻小说缺乏他们所需要的教育功能。故选A。 2．C　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，2015年的一项调查发现，这些科幻小说读者也是各种其他类型书籍的主要消费者。 事实上，该研究注意到阅读各种文学形式和理解科学的能力之间有着密切的联系。 阅读科幻小说可能会扩大读者接触现实的能力，而不是限制他们处理现实的能力，由此可知，作者试图通过2015年的调查结果所传达的信息是阅读科幻小说能提高年轻人应对现实的能力。故选C。 3．C　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“What better way to deal with the uncertainty in life than with science fiction, which explores uncertainty and”以及下文“young people as brave characters, survivors and shapers of their own fates？”可知，科幻小说探索不确定性，将年轻人描述成勇敢的人物、幸存者和自己命运的塑造者。由此可推测画线词的意思是“描述”。故选C。 4．D　主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“In fact, the study noted a close connection between reading varied literary forms and an ability to understand science. Rather than limiting readers’ capacity to deal with reality, reading science fiction may expand their ability to engage in reality.(事实上，该研究注意到阅读各种文学形式和理解科学的能力之间有着密切的联系。 阅读科幻小说可能会扩大读者接触现实的能力，而不是限制他们处理现实的能力。)”且结合文章主要说明了父母总是认为科幻小说缺乏他们所需要的教育功能，然而有研究发现阅读科幻小说可能会扩大读者接触现实的能力，而不是限制他们处理现实的能力。由此可知，本文主要介绍了阅读科幻小说如何帮助孩子应对现实。故选D。 Ⅱ.七选五 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Star Wars Changed Movie­making Forever “May the force be with you！” If you are a Star Wars fan, then you have probably heard this phrase many times. 1．__F__ So many characters, devices, and phrases from the movie have become well­known. But you might be surprised to find out how much this movie has changed how movies are made. “A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away．..” is how Star Wars begins. Its plot was not groundbreaking. 2．__B__ The story was typical science fiction with lots of drama, traditional characters and good battling evil, in space and in hand­to­hand fight. It was the special effects that made Star Wars stand out from other movies. People still talk about the light swords(剑) that could cut, burn and melt through most substances. Spaceships sped through space and landed on huge, realistic­looking space stations. 3．__C__ When Star Wars first came out in 1977, most movie theatres were stand­alone buildings, with just one movie screen. Using the money Star Wars had made for them, movie­theatre owners built more theatres, leading to the multiplexes(多放映厅电影院) that are common today. Theatres needed more movies to show on all the additional movie screens and in all the new multiplexes. So new movie companies sprang up, including small ones creating experimental movies. 4．__A__ Some of the methods became popular and others failed. But, thanks to Star Wars, people got to see new types of movies. 5．__E__ There had been movie continuations previously, but they were often just poor imitations of the first movie. The Star Wars movies were all popular. There have been two trilogies(三部曲) so far, with more planned. A．They tried out new techniques. B．In fact, it was quite old­fashioned. C．Moviegoers had never seen anything like it. D．Thus, the audience began to enjoy science fiction movies there. E．Star Wars was the first really successful movie trilogy in history. F．If you are not a fan, you are still likely familiar with these words. G．If you are a moviemaker, you may be inspired by this classic film. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了《星球大战》对电影制作的影响。 1．F　根据上文“If you are a Star Wars fan, then you have probably heard this phrase many times.”可知，上文给出一个假设，如果你是《星球大战》的粉丝，那么你可能已经听过很多次这个短语了；综合所给选项可知，F项“If you are not a fan, you are still likely familiar with these words.(如果你不是一个粉丝，你仍然可能熟悉这些词。)”符合语境，与空前一句句式一致，且假设了与空前一句相反的情况。故选F。 2．B　根据空前一句“Its plot was not groundbreaking.”可知，它的情节没有突破性，B项“In fact, it was quite old­fashioned.(事实上，它是相当老式的。)”符合语境，其中it指代上文中的plot，且与空前一句具有语义上的递进关系。故选B。 3．C　根据上文“People still talk about the light swords(剑) that could cut, burn and melt through most substances. Spaceships sped through space and landed on huge, realistic­looking space stations.”可知，人们仍然在谈论可以切割、燃烧和融化大多数物质的光剑。太空船在太空中飞驰，降落在巨大的、看起来逼真的空间站上，即人们从来没见过这样的大场面，与C项“Moviegoers had never seen anything like it.(电影观众从未见过这样的场面。)”符合语境。故选C。 4．A　根据下文“Some of the methods became popular and others failed. But, thanks to Star Wars, people got to see new types of movies.( 其中一些方法变得流行起来，另一些则失败了。但是，多亏了《星球大战》，人们看到了新类型的电影。)”可知，电影公司尝试了新的技术，A项“They tried out new techniques.(它们尝试了新技术。)”符合语境。故选A。 5．E　根据下文“There had been movie continuations previously, but they were often just poor imitations of the first movie. The Star Wars movies were all popular.(之前也有电影续集，但它们往往只是对第一部电影的拙劣模仿。《星球大战》的电影都很受欢迎)”可知，星球大战是历史上一部成功的电影，E项“Star Wars was the first really successful movie trilogy in history.(《星球大战》是历史上第一部真正成功的电影三部曲。)”符合语境，该选项中的trilogy 为关键信息，对应下文中的“There have been two trilogies(三部曲) so far, with more planned.”。故选E。 Ⅲ.完形填空 At the doctor’s office, first I log on to a computer to announce my presence. Then I wait until a robotic nurse __1__ me into the examination room. Soon, in steps the doctor, who also is a robot. He records my __2__， does a few calculations and then __3__ out a prescription(处方). Having swiped(刷) the credit card at a machine on the way out, I return home without having come across another human being. This scene is my horrible imagination of the future, which hasn’t come to pass—__4__ not yet now. I really do like many aspects of __5__. I’m a big fan of air conditioners in summer and heat in winter. But I don’t want machines to __6__. When I call my dentist’s office and on the line actually get a human being, I am pleased. When I call the airport and get the lady­computer who __7__ asking me to report myself, I want to scream. When I see the slow occupation of self­service check­out stations at the supermarket, I feel like shouting, “When it __8__ cashiers, make mine humans, please！” After all, a human cashier might __9__ a bag of flour leaking and get you a replacement. Real­life cashiers may have a __10__ word for an elderly person struggling to pay the bill. Even more than that, they often take an interest in particularly cute children, which can __11__ a young mother’s day. I don’t want to go back to the Stone Age, but I’m also __12__ about a completely computerised world, where face­to­face communication is replaced by swiping credit cards and feeding numbers. Self­service check­out stations can be efficient. But they lack a(n) __13__ so vital to everyday life. It is something that urges us to offer others a smile or a hug, which may be __14__ what they need at that moment. Call it the spirit, the soul or the heart. It is something that no __15__ will ever have. (　C　)1．A．follows B．wheels C．directs D．pushes (　D　)2．A．words B．questions C．requirements D．symptoms (　B　)3．A．stands B．prints C．finds D．calls (　D　)4．A．in short B．in fact C．beyond doubt D．at least (　C　)5．A．tradition B．civilisation C．technology D．culture (　B　)6．A．hand over B．take over C．turn over D．get over (　C　)7．A．risks B．escapes C．keeps D．delays (　A　)8．A．comes to B．goes to C．starts with D．compares with (　C　)9．A．scan B．expect C．spot D．remember (　B　)10．A．joyful B．sympathetic C．bitter D．regretful (　D　)11．A．shorten B．harden C．broaden D．brighten (　B　)12．A．unconcerned B．anxious C．curious D．crazy (　A　)13．A．element B．function C．role D．material (　C　)14．A．merely B．partly C．exactly D．necessarily (　D　)15．A．human B．cashier C．doctor D．machine 【语篇解读】 作者通过描述一个完全由机器人负责人类生活的场景来引出话题，提出了自己的观点：虽然机器给人类的生活带来了极大的便利，但人类不能过度依赖机器，人与人之间面对面的沟通与交流不能被冰冷的机器所取代。 1．C　然后作者等着直到机器人护士指引着作者进入检查室。A.follow跟随；B.wheel用轮椅运送；C.direct指路，引领；D.push推。故选C。 2．D　 机器人医生记录了作者的症状，做了一些计算，然后打印出处方。A.word 话语；B.question 问题；C.requirement需要；D.symptom症状。故选D。 3．B　机器人医生根据作者的症状打印出处方。A.stand站立；B.print打印；C.find发现；D.call打电话。故选B。 4．D　这个场景是作者对未来的可怕想象，它还没有发生——至少现在还没有。A.in short总之；B.in fact事实上；C.beyond doubt毋庸置疑；D.at least至少。故选D。 5．C　作者真的很喜欢科技的很多方面。A.tradition传统；B.civilisation文明；C.technology科技；D.culture文化。故选C。 6．B　但是作者不想让机器接管一切。A.hand over交出；B.take over接管，接任，接手；C.turn over移交；D.get over克服。故选B。 7．C　当作者给机场打电话的时候，那台电脑里的女服务员一直让作者报告自己的情况，作者真想尖叫。A.risk冒……的危险；B.escape逃离；C.keep保持；D.delay推迟。故选C。 8．A　当作者看到超市自助结账台被慢慢占据时，作者想大喊一声：“收银员方面，请把我的收银员变成真人！” A．come to变为，when it comes to．..为固定句型，意为“当谈到……的时候，在……方面”，符合语境；B.go to转到；C.start with从……开始；D.compare with与……相比。故选A。 9．C　毕竟，收银员可能会发现一袋面粉漏了，然后给你换一袋。A.scan扫描；B.expect期望；C.spot发现；D.remember记得。故选C。 10．B　真人收银员可能会同情那些艰难付钱的老人。A.joyful欢乐的，令人高兴的；B.sympathetic同情的；C.bitter充满怨恨的；D.regretful遗憾的。故选B。 11．D　不仅如此，他们常常对特别可爱的孩子感兴趣，这会让年轻的母亲开心一天。A.shorten缩短；B.harden变硬；C.broaden扩大；D.brighten使更开心。brighten one’s day为常见表达，意为“使某人开心一天”。故选D。 12．B　作者不想回到石器时代，但作者也担心一个完全计算机化的世界，在那里面对面的交流被刷信用卡和输入号码所取代。A.unconcerned不关心的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.curious好奇的；D.crazy疯狂的。be anxious about“对……感到担忧”。故选B。 13．A　但它们缺少一种对日常生活至关重要的元素。A.element元素；B.function功能；C.role角色；D.material材料。故选A。 14．C　它促使我们给别人一个微笑或一个拥抱，这可能正是他们当时需要的。A.merely仅仅，只不过；B.partly部分地，在一定程度上；C.exactly恰好地，正是；D.necessarily必要地。故选C。 15．D　这是任何机器都不会拥有的东西。A.human人类；B.cashier收银员；C.doctor医生；D.machine机器。根据语境及常识可知，情感是任何机器都不会拥有的东西。故选D。 Ⅳ.语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The restaurant Spyce is taking hungry locals to the future with its high­tech approach to fast­casual cuisine. The place is considered to be the world’s first restaurant that 1．__features__(feature) a robotic kitchen. The project is the brainchild of co­founders Michael Farid, Kale Rogers, Brady Knight and Luke Schlueter, 2．__who__ came up with the idea while studying at MIT. Spyce offers various 3．__choices__(choose) of food in Latin, Mediterranean and Asian styles. When customers enter Spyce, they are met by 4．__a__ human guide who shows them to a touch screen kiosk(自助服务终端) where they can place their order. This order is then sent to a visible kitchen where the food 5．__is_prepared__(prepare) by robots. Finally, it is handed over to a human employee 6．__to_add__(add) decorations like cilantro(香菜), before it’s being distributed 7．__to__ the customer. “Our robot cooks an 8．__amazing__(amaze) meal for you in about 2.5 minutes，” said Knight, lead electrical engineer of the restaurant. Most dishes cost less than $8. Don’t worry about the taste, though. The Spyce robots 9．__precisely__(precise) execute recipes created by chef Sam Benson. You can always trust the daily special 10．__on__ its advisory board. 【语篇解读】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上第一家以机器人厨房为特色的高科技餐厅。 1．features　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该餐厅被认为是世界上第一家以机器人厨房为特色的餐厅。分析句子结构可知，feature为that引导的定语从句的谓语，that指代先行词restaurant，因此定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式；句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填features。 2．who　考查定语从句。句意：该项目是联合创始人迈克尔·法里德、卡勒·罗杰斯、布雷迪·奈特和卢克·施鲁特的创意，他们在麻省理工学院学习时提出了这个想法。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰指人的先行词“Michael Farid, Kale Rogers, Brady Knight and Luke Schlueter”，且在从句中作主语。故填who。 3．choices　考查名词的数。句意：Spyce提供各种拉丁、地中海和亚洲风格的食物选择。 offers为动词，后接名词作宾语，choose是动词，意为“选择”，它的名词形式为choice；根据空前的various可知，此处用名词的复数形式。故填choices。 4．a　考查冠词。句意：当顾客进入Spyce时，他们会受到一个人工向导的接待，他会带他们到一个触摸屏自助机，在那里他们可以点餐。分析语境可知，guide此处为可数名词，意为“向导”，根据从句中的shows可知，此处指一位向导，human以辅音音素开头。故填a。 5．is prepared　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然后，该订单被发送到一个可见的厨房，在那里由机器人准备食物。分析句子结构可知，所给的提示词prepare为where引导的定语从句的谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；食物是被准备，因此用被动语态；主语food表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is prepared。 6．to add　考查非谓语动词。句意：最后，在把食物端给客人之前，它会被交给一名人类员工来添加像香菜这样的装饰。 “添加像香菜这样的装饰”是食物被交给一名人类员工的目的，故应用不定式作目的状语。故填to add。 7．to　考查介词。句意同上。distribute．..to．..为固定搭配，意为“向……分发……”。此处用的是该短语的被动语态。故填to。 8．amazing　考查形容词。句意：餐厅首席电气工程师奈特说：“我们的机器人能在大约2.5分钟内为您烹饪出一顿令人惊叹的饭菜。” 修饰meal应用amazing，意为“令人惊叹的”。故填amazing。 9．precisely　考查副词。句意：Spyce机器人精确执行厨师山姆·本森创作的食谱。 execute为动词，应用副词修饰，作状语，precise为形容词，其副词形式为precisely。故填precisely。 10．on　考查介词。句意：你可以一直信任公告牌上的每日特色菜。on its advisory board意为“在它的公告牌上”。故填on。 Ⅴ.应用文写作 假设你是李华，你校英文报将举办智能机器人设计征文大赛，你设计了一款智能英语学习助手。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1．设计目的； 2．功能介绍； 3．你的期望。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version： My Intelligent Robot for Learning English Aiming to improve students’ learning efficiency and help them tackle their problems timely, I designed an intelligent robot to assist students in learning English. With this English learning assistant, students can have someone make a conversation in English so that they can practise their oral English. Additionally, this intelligent robot can not only help students check their compositions by finding some grammar mistakes and spelling mistakes, but can also offer some inspiration to students to have new ideas for their writing assignments. What’s most impressive is that it is capable of providing students with some exercises according to the mistakes collected in their former exercises. I do hope students can benefit from my invention.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$