高效作业1 Unit 1 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Unit 1　Science Fiction 高效作业1 [Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking](见学生用书P145) [语言基础巩固] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Owing to the big snowstorm, the students were dismissed__ early today. 2．He would not accept this job for such a small salary__， for he had a big family to support. 3．Time and time again, we have declared__ that we will never be the first to use nuclear weapons. 4．It’s difficult to preserve your __dignity__(尊严) when you have no job and no home. 5．__Integrity__(诚实正直), modesty, loyalty, courage and patience are words that spring to our mind when we talk of the minister. 6．The actor’s __absurd/ridiculous__(荒谬的) behaviour put an end to the last traces of affection his fans had for him. 7．Production has been __suspended__(暂停) while safety checks are carried out. 8．He works slowly and precisely__whereas__(然而) I tend to rush things and make mistakes. 9．Good weather is an added __bonus__(额外的好处) but the real appeal of the area is the fantastic variety of landscapes. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．People are allowed to visit the newly­built museum by __appointment__(appoint) online. 2．The manager felt __guilty__(guilt) about not applying himself to finding a solution to the problem. 3．The defending lawyer demanded that the charge against his client __(should)_be_dismissed__(dismiss). 4．He made a silly mistake in his job and now he’s become an object of __ridicule__(ridiculous). 5．Tom put all the precious belongings inside and __nailed__(nail) the box shut. 6．Walking into the hall, you can see a lamp __suspended__(suspend) from the ceiling. 7．Once __appointed__(appoint) to be manager of the company, he took the strict measures expected of him. 8．I don’t have much sympathy __for__ her—I think she’s brought her troubles on herself. Ⅲ.短语填空 1．The new product which will be __tested_out__(测试) next month is a combination of modern technology and artificial intelligence. 2．In some ways, he’s__more_like__(更像是) a friend than a teacher. 3．Something urgent came up, so he had to run, __or_rather__(更确切地说), dash to the scene of the accident. 4．Women deserve to be treated __with_dignity__(有尊严地) and they should make their voices heard. 5．I have two tickets for the show on Saturday evening. Would you like to __accompany_me_to__(陪我去) the theatre? 6．He heard someone calling his name, but when he __turned_around__(转身), he found nobody in sight. 7．They gazed __in_wonder__(惊奇地) at the bright patterns of lightning in storm clouds. 8．When they asked him for his opinion, he __declared__ strongly __against__(声明反对) the policy, adding that it wasn’t practical. 9．To make the classes more effective and attractive, the school is __experimenting_with__(用……进行试验) new teaching methods. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．当她的小儿子再次对她说谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。(more…than…) She was __more_sad_than_angry__ when her little son lied to her again. 2．很显然，人工智能正在重塑我们工作的方方面面。(It is＋adj.＋that…) __It_is_obvious_that__ artificial intelligence is reshaping every way in which we work. 3．在小溪的一边有一棵硕果累累的大树。(there stand的完全倒装) __There_stands_a_big_tree__ full of fruit on one side of the stream. Ⅴ.课文语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A household robot named Tony was going to 1．__be_tested__(test) out by Claire. Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed at last. At first sight of Tony, Claire was 2．__alarmed__(alarm), for the robot seemed more like a human 3．__than__ a machine, handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice. Claire complained that she wasn’t clever so Tony showed sympathy for her, 4．__which__ she thought was ridiculous. 5．__Gradually__(gradual), Tony began to win Claire’s trust. As a favour，Tony helped Claire make her smarter and her home 6．__more_elegant__(elegant). In an expensive clothes shop, when the saleswoman was rude to Claire，she 7．__rang__(ring) Tony up for help. Tony made the saleswoman change her attitude and Claire thanked Tony, 8．__saying__(say) that he was a “dear”. The scene was discovered by Gladys Claffern so Claire felt 9．__guilty__(guilt). Claire wept after arriving home. To comfort her, Tony suggested she 10．__(should)_invite__(invite) Gladys and her friends to the house. [话题语篇提升] Ⅵ.阅读理解 A Robot science fiction has long been a favourite for readers. If you want to check out any of these titles for free, you can do so with Audible’s one­month free trial. Click here to download Audible’s app to try for $0.00. I, Robot The author of I, Robot, Isaac Asimov, is an indisputable giant within the world of robot science fiction due to his creation of the three laws of robotics. I, Robot is a landmark work of robot sci­fi which explores every facet of robots and their place in the world of humans, from their conception to their possible replacement of humanity. Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? is an absolute landmark work of robot science fiction and has gained even greater recognition due to being made into the classic motion picture Blade Runner. The story’s hero is tasked with hunting down sentient robots that have gone immoral. The Night Sessions The Night Sessions by Ken MacLeod envisions a world in which religions and those who believe in them have been pushed to the edge of society. This is also a world populated by sentient robots that sometimes help humanity but are often shunned by their very creators. Sea of Rust Sea of Rust is set in a future world in which humanity has been totally wiped out by an unimaginably powerful artificial intelligence system and the robots it has at its command. In this world without mankind, the two most powerful artificial intelligence systems fight for control. It is both a tight story of survival and an optimistic adventure. (　D　)1．Which book has become more popular after being made into a movie? A．I, Robot. B．Sea of Rust. C．The Night Sessions. D．Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (　B　)2．What can we learn about Sea of Rust? A．It is a story of human survival. B．It is set in a world full of robots. C．It is about a harmonious world without mankind. D．It’s about robots and humans fighting for control. (　A　)3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A website. B．A newspaper. C．A book review. D．A journal of literary criticism. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了四部受读者喜爱的关于机器人的科幻小说。 1．D　细节理解题。根据Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? 部分中的“has gained even greater recognition due to being made into the classic motion picture Blade Runner(由于被拍成了经典电影《银翼杀手》而获得了更大的认可)”可知，《仿生人会梦见电子羊吗？》被改编成电影后变得更受欢迎。故选D。 2．B　细节理解题。根据Sea of Rust部分中的“In this world without mankind, the two most powerful artificial intelligence systems fight for control.(在这个没有人类的世界里，两个最强大的人工智能系统在争夺控制权。)”可知，这部小说的故事背景是一个满是机器人而没有人类的世界。故选B。 3．A　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Click here to download Audible’s app to try for $0.00.”可推知，这篇文章可能出自一个网站。故选A。 B If there is one thing we can conclusively say about Isaac Asimov, it’s that he could write. His body of work extends to over 500 books. To add to that, he was never bound to a specific field. Although most famous as a science fiction writer, he also published books on many more topics. Part of this related to his gifted mind, but a bigger part was that he was well­educated. Many tend to think of being educated as the degrees we earn. Asimov did have a good degree, but his real education was broader than that. It was deeper than what he learned from instruction. It was his curiosity and his drive to push himself that took him from a young immigrant to maybe one of the most beloved US authors. As a young kid, he spent his days lost in his mind asking questions and creating imaginary worlds. He read books, and he loved knowledge. In his autobiography(自传) It’s Been a Good Life, Asimov tells a story about an encounter he had as a child when his father asked him a question: “How did you learn all this, Isaac？” “From you, Papa，” Asimov said. “From me? I don’t know any of this.” “You didn’t have to, Papa，” he said. “You valued learning and you taught me to value it. Once I learned to value it, the rest came without trouble.” The mark of educated minds has nothing to do with how much they know. It has everything to do with the way they know and the way they go about knowing. Also, one thing that many people don’t know about Isaac Asimov is that he actually wasn’t a full­time writer for most of his life. By personal choice, his day­job was as a chemist. One of the things that many polymaths(博学者) naturally do is explore a broad range of non­fiction topics. But something they tend to overlook is the knowledge they can obtain from fiction. Before Asimov fell in love with science, he was already attracted by fiction. It was his love of Greek myth and his reading of 18th­ and 19th­century classics that led him to become a great writer. (　C　)4．According to the passage, Isaac Asimov is a ________. A．beloved US chemist B．full­time fiction author C．productive sci­fi writer D．knowledgeable educator (　D　)5．From the childhood encounter, we can learn that Asimov’s father ________． A．loved teaching Asimov knowledge B．explored unknown fields with Asimov C．rescued Asimov from trouble D．taught Asimov to value learning (　C　)6．Which of the following might the author agree with? A．A good degree reflects one’s real education level. B．Polymaths tend to look down upon Greek myth. C．The way to learn is more important than knowledge itself. D．Non­fiction is not worth reading if one is to become a writer. (　A　)7．What is the purpose of this passage? A．To analyse the reasons behind Asimov’s success as a writer. B．To introduce Asimov’s childhood and his achievements. C．To emphasise the contributions Asimov has made. D．To call on the readers to buy Asimov’s books. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了艾萨克·阿西莫夫成为一名著名的科幻作家的原因。 4．C　细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，对于艾萨克·阿西莫夫，我们唯一可以总结的就是他的写作能力。他的作品超过500本。更重要的是，他从未被绑定到特定的领域。虽然他作为科幻小说作家而出名，但他也发表了许多其他主题的作品。由此可知，艾萨克·阿西莫夫是一位多产的科幻作家。故选C。 5．D　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“’How did you learn all this, Isaac？’’From you, Papa，’ Asimov said.”以及 “You valued learning and you taught me to value it. Once I learned to value it, the rest came without trouble.”可知，他的爸爸教会了他重视学习。故选D。 6．C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的 “The mark of educated minds has nothing to do with how much they know. It has everything to do with the way they know and the way they go about knowing.(受过教育的人的标志与他们知道的多少无关。这一切都与他们知道的方式和他们了解的方式有关。)”可知，作者认为学习方法比知识本身更重要。故选C 7．A　推理判断题。第二段中的 “Part of this related to his gifted mind, but a bigger part was that he was well­educated.(这一方面与他的天才头脑有关，但更重要的原因是他受过良好的教育。)”讲述的是艾萨克·阿西莫夫成功的原因之一；第三段中的 “You valued learning and you taught me to value it. Once I learned to value it, the rest came without trouble. (你重视学习，也教会我重视它。一旦我学会重视它，剩下的就不会有麻烦了。)”是艾萨克·阿西莫夫成功的第二个原因。最后一段中的“It was his love of Greek myth and his reading of 18th­ and 19th­century classics that led him to become a great writer.(正是他对希腊神话的热爱，以及他对18、19世纪经典著作的阅读，使他成为一位伟大的作家。)”是艾萨克·阿西莫夫成功的另外一个原因。由此可推断出，本文主要分析了艾萨克·阿西莫夫作为一名科幻作家成功的原因。故选A。 Ⅶ.七选五 阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 In recent years, science fiction is becoming increasingly popular. Science fiction writers using their magical imagination create imaginary worlds that attract a great number of readers especially teenagers. But how can they make it so believable? 1．__F__ The way things work in your imaginary worlds will be based on actual science. So you must be familiar with the scientific laws related to your creation. If you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body. 2．__D__ Only in this way can you gain the readers’ trust. Then the rules in your creation can be different from our daily life, so you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds. 3．__A__ For example, if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your characters can’t drown in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3. 4．__G__ You should decide the following issues: the history of the world, the geography, what possibilities it offers, how everything works in this new reality, as well as how all of these factors affect the way your characters think, feel, and react. You don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on. When you are writing, remember to make it feel real. You are creating a new real world for the readers. 5．__B__ They are able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it’s like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’re actually there. A．And you have to follow them. B．You are inviting them to visit the new world. C．You have to get rich imagination to create science fiction. D．Make sure what you are writing is not against basic science. E．Characters in the imaginary worlds always have super power. F．Here you will find the answer if you are longing to create one. G．Your preparation work also involves planning everything in great detail. 【语篇解读】 本文主要就如何使自己创作的科幻小说可信且吸引读者给出了一些建议。 1．F　空前一句“But how can they make it so believable？”提出一个问题，即他们是如何让它(科幻小说)如此可信的呢？ 选项F“Here you will find the answer if you are longing to create one.(如果你想创作一个，在这里你会找到答案。)”承接上文且引出下文关于这个问题的答案，其中answer为关键信息。故选F。 2．D　根据上文“If you’re writing about humans living on a planet with zero gravity, then you need to know the effects of zero gravity on the human body.”可知，如果你写的是人类生活在失重状态的星球上，那么你需要知道失重状态对人体的影响。空后一句“Only in this way can you gain the readers’ trust.”提到只有这样，你才能获得读者的信任。因此空处要提到this way的具体内容。选项D“Make sure what you are writing is not against basic science.(确保你写的东西不违反基础科学。)”符合语境，只有确保你写的东西不违反基础科学，你才能获得读者的信任。故选D。 3．A　根据空前一句中的关键信息“you have to figure out the exact rules of your imaginary worlds(你必须弄清楚你的想象世界中的准确规则)”且结合空后给的例子“For example, if humans in your creation are able to breathe underwater in Chapter 1, your characters can’t drown in a swimming pool or river in Chapter 3.(例如：如果你的作品中的人类在第一章中能够在水下呼吸，那么在第三章中你的角色就不能在游泳池或河里淹死。)”可知，此处主要讲述你作品中的规则或许和现实中的不同，但你在写作时要遵守自己拟定的规则。因此选项A “And you have to follow them.(你必须遵守它们。)”符合语境，其中them指代上文中的“exact rules of your imaginary worlds”。故选A。 4．G　空处位于段首，应为本段的主题句。根据本段中的“You should decide the following issues．..don’t have to tell your readers all the rules in the first chapter. But you have to let readers know enough to understand what’s going on.”可知，你应该决定很多问题，你不必在第一章就告诉你的读者所有的规则。但你必须让读者知道足够的信息，以便理解发生了什么。可知，本段主要介绍了你的创作中的一些细节问题，因此选项G“Your preparation work also involves planning everything in great detail.(你的准备工作还包括非常详细地计划每一件事。)”符合语境。故选G。 5．B　根据空后“They are able to see, hear, feel, smell, and even taste what it’s like in the new world. Whether your novel is about a world without disease or an undiscovered planet, help your readers feel like they’re actually there.(他们能够看到、听到、感觉到、闻到，甚至尝到新世界的味道。无论你的小说是关于一个没有疾病的世界还是一个未被发现的星球，都要让你的读者感觉他们就在那里。)”可知，你所塑造的这个世界要能够让读者感觉自己就在其中。因此选项B“You are inviting them to visit the new world.(你在邀请他们参观新世界。)”符合语境，建议你在创作时要真实，要让读者有身临其境的感觉。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$