Unit 2 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

Unit 2　Iconic Attractions (见学生用书P31) The Great Barrier Reef 大堡礁 One of Australia’s most remarkable① natural gifts, the Great Barrier Reef, is blessed with the breathtaking beauty of the world’s largest coral reef. The reef contains an abundance② of marine life and comprises over 3，000 individual reef systems and literally③ hundreds of picturesque tropical islands with some of the world’s most beautiful sun­soaked, golden beaches.Because of its natural beauty, the Great Barrier Reef has become one of the world’s most sought­after tourist destinations. 大堡礁是澳大利亚最不寻常的自然恩赐之一，它拥有世界上最大的珊瑚礁的惊人之美。 大堡礁拥有丰富的海洋生物，包括3 000多个独立的珊瑚礁系统，还确实有数百个风景如画的热带岛屿，其中一些拥有世界上最美丽的阳光沐浴的金色海滩。由于其自然美景，大堡礁已成为世界上最受欢迎的旅游目的地之一。 The Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔 The Eiffel Tower has long been one of the world’s most recognisable landmarks, symbolising the romance and ingenuity of the City of Lights. It was built in 1887 to commemorate④ the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. It is named after its designer, Eiffel. The 324­metre­high tower is a hollow steel framed structure and shoots straight up to the clouds. It weighs 7，000 tons. It is one of the most visited monuments in the world. 埃菲尔铁塔一直是世界上最知名的地标之一，象征着这座光之城的浪漫和智慧。 它建于1887年，是为了纪念法国大革命100周年。 它以其设计师埃菲尔命名。 塔高324米，为空心钢架结构，直冲云霄。 它重达7 000吨。 它是世界上参观人数最多的纪念塔之一。 Buckingham Palace 白金汉宫 Buckingham Palace is the London home and the administrative centre of the British royal family. The enormous building and extensive gardens are an important site of ceremonial and political affairs in the United Kingdom, as well as a major tourist attraction. But for a monarchy that dates back almost a thousand years, Buckingham Palace is a relatively new home. 白金汉宫是英国王室在伦敦的住所和行政中心。 巨大的建筑和广阔的花园是英国重要的礼仪和政治事务场所，也是一个重要的旅游景点。 但对于一个可以追溯到近千年前的君主制国家来说，白金汉宫是一个相对新的家。 Taj Mahal 泰姬陵 Taj Mahal is a tomb built by an emperor in honour of his beloved wife. It has been called “a poem in marble” and it is said to be the most expensive compliment⑤ ever paid to a woman. Perfect in symmetry, its beauty has never been surpassed⑥. 泰姬陵是一位皇帝为纪念他心爱的妻子而建造的陵墓。它被称为“用大理石写成的诗”，据说这是对一个女人最昂贵的赞美。它整齐匀称、完美至极，从未有任何建筑比它更美。 [日积月累] ①remarkable /rɪ’mɑːkəbl/adj.不寻常的，非凡的；显著的 ②abundance /ə’bʌndəns/n. 充裕，丰富 ③literally /’lɪtərəli/adv. 的确，确实 ④commemorate /kə’meməreɪt/v.庆祝，为……举行纪念活动 ⑤compliment /’kɒmplɪmənt/n.赞美，称赞 ⑥surpass /sə’pɑːs/v. 超过；胜过；优于 Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking(见学生用书P32) To me, being Australian is about looking after your mates, taking care of the less fortunate, supporting the underdog and enhancing the spirit that makes all Australians unique. 对我来说，作为澳大利亚人就是要照顾好你的伙伴、照顾不幸的人、支持弱者，并增强使所有澳大利亚人都独一无二的精神。 Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵) 1．iconic adj.__符号的；图标的__ 2．__foundation__ n．创建；基础；地基 3．__political__ adj.政治的 4．located adj.__位于__ 5．__equator__n. 赤道 6．__barbecue__ n．户外烧烤；烤架 7．__bakery__ n．面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 8．__joint__ n．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节adj.联合的；共同的 9．__butcher__ n．肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 10．__premier__ adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的n.总理；首相 11．__herb__ n．药草；香草；草本 12．hollow adj.__中空的；空心的__ 13．vibrate vt. &vi.__(使)振动__ 14．horn n.__(乐器)号__ 15．pitch n.__音高__ 16．__straightforward__ adj.坦率的；简单的 17．slogan n.__标语；口号__ Ⅱ. 语块记诵关(先填后记诵) 1．do research __on/into__．.. 做关于……的研究 2．be __located/situated__in/at/on… 位于……；坐落于…… 3．__refer_to__．.. as．.. 把……称为…… ．.. __be_referred_to__ as．.. ……被称为…… 4．__iconic__ sites/features 标志性的景点/特征 5．can’t wait to do sth __迫不及待做某事__ 6．__major__ in 主修 7．lead to 导致；通向 8．be __native__ to 原产于…… 9．be in close __contact__ with 与……有紧密联系 10．breathe __in__ through one’s nose 用鼻子吸气 breathe __out__ through one’s mouth 用嘴呼气 11．be __convinced__ that… 坚信/确信…… 12．make __up__ 组成 13．have a __straightforward__ and free­and­easy attitude towards life 对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度 14．make sb feel __at_home__使某人宾至如归 Ⅲ. 佳句赏析关(先赏后译) 1．Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”． [赏析] ．..be referred to as．.. 意为“……被称为……”，为固定搭配，其主动形式为refer to．.. as．..。 [翻译]__(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为_“down_under”。__ 2．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. [赏析] 该句为复合句。主句是Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，为主系表结构；found on the ground为过去分词短语作定语，修饰sticks；among which there is．..为“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词musical instruments；定语从句里面又含有一个there be句型，其中，called the didgeridoo为过去分词短语作定语，修饰instrument。 [翻译]__他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。__ 3．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. [赏析] 该句为主从复合句。It为形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词parents。 [翻译]__据说，现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民要么是在海外出生的，要么他们的父母是在海外出生的。__ 4．Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. [赏析] 该句为复合句。what I like most about Australia为what引导的主语从句。 [翻译]__就我个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。__Ⅳ. 课文理解关 词汇助读 ①over the school holidays在学校放假期间 ②record one’s experiences记录某人的经历 ③do some research on做一些关于……的研究 ④located to the south of the equator位于赤道以南 ⑤．..be referred to as．.. ……被称为…… ⑥some iconic sites一些标志性景点 ⑦such as比如 ⑧cute adj. 可爱的 ⑨major in主修 ⑩experience their culture体验他们的文化 ⑪open­air barbecue露天烧烤 ⑫yummy meals美味的饭菜 ⑬the Sunday roast周日烤肉 ⑭bakery n．面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 ⑮fast­food joints快餐店 ⑯butcher shops肉店 ⑰the premier food experiences顶级的美食体验 ⑱on the other hand另一方面 ⑲lead to导致 ⑳Asian herbs亚洲药草 ㉑dim sim(特指澳大利亚的)点心 ㉒learn about了解 ㉓be native to原产于 ㉔an Aboriginal word一个土著词 ㉕break over吞没；淹没 ㉖in close contact with nature与大自然保持密切联系 ㉗the spiritual world精神世界 ㉘musical instruments乐器 ㉙be made from由……制成 ㉚hollow adj.中空的；空心的 ㉛vibrate one’s lips振动嘴唇 ㉜unlike prep.不像 ㉝change pitch改变音高 ㉞breathe in吸气 ㉟breathe out呼气 ㊱be convinced that确信…… ㊲make a musical sound发出乐声 ㊳say goodbye to和……说再见 ㊴for a while一段时间 ㊵make up组成 ㊶minority cultures少数民族文化 ㊷play a part in在……中起作用 ㊸shape the unique Australian culture塑造独特的澳大利亚文化 ㊹half of all Australian citizens一半的澳大利亚公民 ㊺be born overseas在海外出生 ㊻personally speaking就个人而言 ㊼have a straightforward and free­and­easy attitude towards life对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度 ㊽feel at home舒适自在，不拘束 ㊾tourism slogan旅游口号 ㊿there’s nothing like什么都比不上 原文 25 Sep Next week I’m travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays①. I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences② and what I learn. I have already done some research on③ the country. Located to the south of the equator④， below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as⑤ “down under”． I have also read about some iconic sites⑥， such as⑦ the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road, and animals like the cute⑧ koalas and kangaroos. I can’t wait to see all of them! However, as I major in⑨ social studies, I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture⑩， food, and way of life. 1 Oct I’m here in Sydney! Since I arrived, my friend has brought me to my first open­air barbecue⑪ and has also shared many different but yummy meals⑫ with me, so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! A lot of typical Australian food, such as the Sunday roast⑬， is originally British. Bakeries⑭， fast­food joints⑮， butcher shops⑯， cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences⑰ in the world. The influence of Asian cultures, on the other hand⑱， led to⑲ the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs⑳， along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese­inspired dim sim㉑. 3 Oct My friend and I have arrived in Katherine, a town in Australia’s Northern Territory. We’re here to learn about㉒ the life and customs of the Aborigines, who are native to㉓ Australia. The Aboriginal population might be small, but its influence is still visible. For example, “Bondi” in “Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word㉔ meaning “water breaking over㉕ rocks”． To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature㉖. This shows in their music, too, which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world㉗ around them. Most of their musical instruments㉘ are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. The didgeridoo is made from㉙ a tree branch which is hollow㉚. To play the didgeridoo, you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating your lips㉛. Unlike㉜ a horn, there are no finger holes. The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch㉝. A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. He does this by continually breathing in㉞ through his nose while breathing out㉟ through his mouth and into the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that㊱ I could never make a musical sound㊲ with this instrument! 6 Oct It’s almost time for me to say goodbye to㊳ Australia. I’ve enjoyed my time here very much. After being here for a while㊴， my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up㊵ the nation. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture, minority cultures㊶ have also played a part in㊷ shaping the unique Australian culture㊸， with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens㊹ were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas㊺. Personally speaking㊻， what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. They have a straightforward and free­and­easy attitude towards life㊼， and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home㊽ wherever I went. After experiencing Australia, I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan㊾： “There’s nothing like㊿ Australia.” 译文 　9月25日 下周趁学校放假我将去澳大利亚旅行，去拜访那里的一个朋友。我打算用这个博客来记录我的经历和学到的东西。我已经对澳大利亚做了一些研究。(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为 “down under”。 我也读过关于(澳大利亚的)一些标志性景点，比如悉尼歌剧院和大洋路，还有像可爱的考拉和袋鼠这样的动物。我迫不及待地要看到所有这些东西！ 然而，由于我的专业是社会研究，所以我更感兴趣的是认识澳大利亚人，并体验他们的文化、食物和生活方式。 10月1日 现在我在悉尼！自从我来到这里，我的朋友就带我参加了我人生中的第一次露天烧烤，也和我分享了许多不同但美味的饭菜，因此我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的！ 很多典型的澳大利亚食物，比如周日烤肉，都起源于英国。随处可见的面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供了世界上一些顶级的美食体验。另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲药草。 10月3日 我和我的朋友来到了凯瑟琳，澳大利亚北部地区的一个小镇。我们来这里是为了了解澳大利亚土著居民的生活和习俗。土著居民人口可能很少，但其影响仍然可见。例如：“邦迪海滩”中的“邦迪”是一个土著词，意思是“水淹没岩石”。 为了在海洋中的这片广阔的陆地上生存，土著人必须与大自然保持密切联系。这也体现在他们的音乐中，他们的音乐歌颂他们周围的自然世界和精神世界。他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 迪吉里杜管是用一根中空的树枝制成的。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，你要把嘴放在一端，一边吹，一边振动嘴唇。不像号，它没有指孔。迪吉里杜管演奏者必须改变嘴巴的形状才能改变音高。一个熟练的演奏者可以演奏很长时间，而不需要停下来吸气。他通过不断地用鼻子吸气，同时用嘴巴呼气，让气流进入迪吉里杜管。我努力学习如何演奏它，但尝试了几个小时后，我确信我永远无法用这个乐器发出乐声！ 10月6日 我差不多要和澳大利亚说再见了。我在这里过得很愉快。在这里待了一段时间后，组成这个国家的复杂的民族和文化给我留下了最深刻的印象。虽然自1788年以来，主要的文化影响是西方文化，但少数民族文化也在塑造独特的澳大利亚文化方面发挥了作用，其中许多新的文化影响来自移民。据说，现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民要么是在海外出生的，要么他们的父母是在海外出生的。 就我个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。他们对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度，无论我走到哪里，他们的友好和热情都让我感到舒适自在。 在体验了澳大利亚后，我不得不说我同意这个旅游口号：“澳大利亚，尽是不同。” Step 1　Pre­reading How much do you know about Australia’s iconic attractions, people, traditions or wildlife? __答案不唯一，合理即可。__ Step 2　While­reading Task 1：Fast reading (　C　)1．What’s the main idea of the text? A．The author’s impression of the food and music of Australia. B．The author’s impression of the people and culture of Australia. C．The author’s experiences in Australia. D．The author’s impression of the iconic attractions of Australia. 2．Read the text quickly and fill in the blanks. Para.1 The (1)__location__ of Australia Para.2 (2)__Iconic__ sites and animals of Australia Para.3 (3)__Food__ of Australia Para.4 Life and customs of the Aborigines Para.5 Music of the Aborigines Para.6 Musical instruments of the Aborigines Para.7 The biggest (4)__impression__ of Australia Para.8 (5)__People__ of Australia Para.9 The comment on Australia Task 2：Intensive reading 1．Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks according to the text. Australia Location Located to the south of the equator，it’s often informally referred to as “down under”. Iconic sites and animals ◆The Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road. ◆The cute (1)__koalas__ and kangaroos. Diverse but yummy global meals ◆The typical Australian Sunday (2)__roast__． ◆Australian versions of foods like the Chinese­inspired dim sim. The Aborigines ◆The (3)__native__ Australians who live in Katherine. ◆The population might be small, but its influence is still 4)__visible__． ◆They are in close contact with (5)__nature__． The didgeridoo ◆It is made from a tree branch which is (6)__hollow__． ◆Unlike a horn，there are no (7)__finger_holes__． ◆The didgeridoo player has to change the (8)__shape__ of his mouth in order to change pitch. The biggest impression ◆The complicated (9) __mix__ of peoples and cultures. ◆Cultural influences contributed by Western culture and (10)minoritycultures. The people ◆Straightforward, free­and­easy, friendly and warm. 2．Read the text and choose the best answer. (　C　)(1)What can we learn about the didgeridoo? A．It is easy to learn and fun to play. B．It is made from metal. C．It is demanding for the players to master some skills. D．It is a kind of common instrument popular with everyone. (　A　)(2)What impressed the author most about this Australian trip? A．The mix of peoples and cultures. B．Diverse food and the didgeridoo. C．Aborigines and multiculturalism. D．Iconic sites and rich local life. (　B　)(3)How does the author develop the text? A．By following the guide. B．By following the time order. C．By comparing the order of importance. D．By following comments from brochures. Step 3　Post­reading—Critical Thinking Task 1：Answer the question What’s the main theme of the Aboriginal music? List the reason. __Nature._To_survive_in_this_vast_land_on_the_ocean，the_Aborigines_had_to_be_in_close_contact_with_nature.__ Task 2：理文化 悉尼歌剧院(Sydney Opera House) 悉尼歌剧院位于澳大利亚新南威尔士州悉尼市区北部悉尼港的便利朗角(Bennelong Point)，1959年3月动工建造，于1973年10月20日正式投入使用，是澳大利亚地标式建筑。在1956年，丹麦37岁的年轻建筑设计师约恩·乌松看到了澳大利亚政府向海外征集悉尼歌剧院设计方案的广告。虽然对远在天边的悉尼一无所知，但是凭着从小生活在海滨渔村的生活积累所迸发的灵感，他完成了这一设计方案，按他后来的解释，他的设计理念既非风帆，也不是贝壳，而是切开的橘子瓣，但是他对前两个比喻也非常满意。 Task 3：学技能 读后续写微技能——关于地点的描写 1．Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe，it’s often informally referred to as “down under”． 2．Bakeries, fast­food joints, butcher shops, cafes, and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. 3．My friend and I have arrived in Katherine, a town in Australia’s Northern Territory. 4．I have also read about some iconic sites, such as the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road. 5．To survive in this vast land on the ocean, the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. Part 1　核心词汇解读 1．Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”．(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南， 并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。(教材P14) located adj.位于 (1)be located/situated in/at/on/to/near 位于……；位于……附近 (2)locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……设置(在)；使……坐落(于) (3)location n．地点，位置 the location of ……的方位 【活学活用】 (1)The company located its branch office in the suburbs. 这家公司在郊区设立了分公司。 (2)Archeologists have located an ancient temple. 考古学家找到了一座古庙。 (3)The latest navigational aids can make the location of the airport quite easily. 最新的导航设备可以很容易地确定机场的方位。 (4)__Located__(locate) in the west end of Singapore, the park has a lot of room for visitors to walk around. 这个公园位于新加坡的西端， 有很大的空间供游客漫步。 (5)The Louvre, one of the world’s largest art galleries, __is_located__(locate) in Paris. 世界上最大的艺术博物馆之一的卢浮宫坐落在巴黎。 (6)单句语法填空。 ①Mark Twain was four years old when his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri，__located__(locate) on the west bank of the Mississippi. ②Rescue planes are trying their best __to_locate__(locate) the missing sailors. ③What is the exact __location__(locate) of the sunken ship? 【写作佳句】 Letting out a scream of thrill, Mum located a clearing and immediately guided us to pitch the tent. 妈妈激动地尖叫一声，找了一块空地，马上领着我们去搭帐篷。 2．Bakeries，fast­food joints，butcher shops，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world. 随处可见的面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆提供了世界上一些顶级的美食体验。(教材P14) joint n．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；(a place where two bones are joined together in the body in a way that enables them to bend and move)关节；接合处adj.(involving two or more people together)联合的；共同的 (1)out of joint 脱位；脱臼；杂乱无章；混乱 put sth out of joint使脱臼 (2)a joint declaration/statement一份联合声明 a joint effort共同的努力 【活学活用】 (1)Are you sure this joint is completely tight? 你确定这个连接处很牢固吗？ (2)I put my shoulder __out_of_joint__ last weekend when lifting heavy boxes. 上周末我搬重箱子时肩膀脱臼了。 (3)She and Frank have never got around to opening a __joint__ account. 她和弗兰克还没有抽出时间去开联名账户。 (4)Construction of the new high school was__jointly__(joint) funded by the city and the state. 新高中的建设是市和州共同出资的。 (5)写出下列各句中joint的词性和中文意思。 ①Her knee joints ache when she exercises. __n.关节__ ②The two Russian ice skaters came joint second in the world championships. __adj._共同的，共有的__ ③The project was a joint effort between the two schools. __adj.共同的__ ④We had lunch at a hamburger joint and then went to see a movie. __n._饮食场所__ ⑤We arrived at the club just before midnight and the joint was already busy. __n.娱乐场所__ 【写作佳句】 We are convinced that with the joint efforts of the three countries, the visit will be a complete success. 我们坚信，在三方共同努力下，这次访问一定能够取得成功。 premier adj.(most important, famous or successful)最著名的；最好的；最重要的；第一的；首要的 n．总理；首相 take the premier place占第一位，占首席 be of premier importance 最重要 【活学活用】 (1)The former premier called for orderly development. 前总理呼吁有序发展。 (2)Storytelling has been a __premier__tool in influencing people across cultures and eras. 要想影响那些不同文化或不同时代的人，讲故事是首要的办法。 (3)Safety __takes_the_premier_place__ during the manufacturing. 安全在生产过程中占第一位。 (4)Tu Youyou’s work on the cause of diseases is of __premier_importance__ to the health of people around the world. 屠呦呦在病因方面的工作对全世界人民的健康至关重要。 【写作佳句】 He is widely regarded as one of the world’s premier authorities on heart disease. 他被广泛认为是世界上最重要的心脏病专家之一。 3．They have a straightforward and free­and­easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.他们对生活有一种直率、洒脱的态度， 无论我走到哪里， 他们的友好和热情都让我感到舒适自在。(教材P15) straightforward adj.(honest and open；not trying to trick sb or hide sth)坦率的；(easy to do or understand；not complicated)简单的 【活学活用】 (1)There is no straightforward equivalence between economic progress and social well­being. 经济进步与社会福利之间绝非简单等同。 (2)It is her __straightforward_character__ and optimistic attitude towards the future that deserve our respect. 她直率的性格和对未来乐观的态度值得我们尊敬。 (3)In order to make yourself understood, you’d better write it __in_a_straightforward_way__． 为了让别人能明白你的意思， 你最好用浅显易懂的方式来写。 【写作佳句】 As you can see, he is a straightforward, likeable guy with a profound knowledge of football and huge enthusiasm. 正如你所看到的，他是一个直率、讨人喜欢的家伙，对足球有着深刻的了解，并且有着巨大的热情。 4．After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.在这里待了一段时间后，组成这个国家的复杂的民族和文化给我留下了最深刻的印象。(教材P15) make up 组成，构成；化妆；补上；和解；编造，虚构；准备；布置 【归纳拓展】 (1)make up a team组建一个队 (2)make up for sth弥补…… (3)be made up of由……构成 (4)make out理解；听出；看出；辨认出 (5)make for sth朝……走去；使可能；促成 【活学活用】 (1)North Africans make up the largest and poorest immigrant group in the country. 北非人构成了该国最大的且最贫困的移民群。 (2)After all the delays, we were anxious to __make_up_for__ the lost time. 耽搁了这么久之后，我们急于把失去的时间补回来。 (3)I could just __make_out__ a figure in the dark. 在黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。 (4)Constant arguing doesn’t __make_for__ a happy marriage. 不断争吵不可能使婚姻幸福。 (5)写出下列各句中make up的中文意思。 ①Twelve doctors made up the medical team. __组成；构成__ ②Today it is common that women and girls make up in public. __化妆__ ③After they quarrelled so many times, it was hard for them to make up. __和解__ ④Many stories about UFO are said to be made up. __编造__ ⑤They told the servants to make up a bed for the princess. __准备；布置__ 【写作佳句】 She tried to make up for her shabby treatment of him. 她先前待他不好，她想尽力弥补。 Part 2　核心句型剖析 1．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。(教材P15) 【句型公式】 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句 【句型解读】 当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果先行词指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果先行词指“物”，用“介词＋which”。 (1)most of which是“代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构，也可以引导定语从句。 (2)“the＋名词＋of which/whom”相当于“whose＋名词”。 【活学活用】 (1)Many traditional handicrafts are losing nowadays，__some_of_which__ are being replaced by modern products. 如今，许多传统手工艺品正在消失，它们中的一些正被现代产品所取代。 (2)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, __most_of_which__ are beyond our control. 植物的生长速度受到许多因素的影响，其中大多数是我们无法控制的。 (3)In order to have some impressive memories before graduation, we decided to make a video, the theme __of_which__ is “Thank our mother school”. ＝In order to have some impressive memories before graduation, we decided to make a video, __whose_theme__ is “Thank our mother school”. (whose引导定语从句) 为了在毕业前拥有一些难忘的记忆，我们决定制作一个视频，它的主题是“感谢我们的母校”。 (4)September and October are the months of the year __during_which__ most English people take their holidays. 九月和十月是一年中大多数英国人度假的月份。 【写作佳句】 Our special thanks go to thousands of volunteers, without whose tireless work, we wouldn’t have achieved so much. 我们特别感谢成千上万的志愿者，没有他们孜孜不倦的工作，我们不可能取得这么大的成就。 2．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.据说，现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民要么是在海外出生的，要么他们的父母是在海外出生的。(教材P15) 【句型公式】 【句型解读】 (1)It为形式主语，真正的主语为that 引导的从句。 该结构还可以变为“Sb is said to do．..”结构。使用时应注意不定式的一般时、进行时及完成时在句子中的变化。 (2)It is believed/reported/thought/supposed/hoped/expected that．..据信/报道/认为/推断/希望/预计……(＝People believe/report/think/suppose/hope/expect that．..人们相信/报道/认为/推断/希望/预计……) 【活学活用】 (1)__It_is_said_that__ body language accounts for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just accounts for 7 percent. 据说第一印象的55%来自肢体语言，而你说话的内容只占7%。 (2)He is thought__to_have_acted__(act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. 大家认为他表现得太愚蠢了。现在失去工作他也只能怪自己。 (3)__It_was_reported_that__ more than 180 people had been killed in the fire.＝ More than 180 people were reported __to_have_been_killed__in the fire. 据报道，180多人在那场火灾中丧生。 (4)Tom is thought to __be_writing__(write) a new novel upstairs now, which is expected to __be_finished__ (finish) in two months. 据信汤姆正在楼上写一部新小说， 预计将在两个月内完成。 【写作佳句】 It is widely believed that through constant efforts, one can distinguish himself in a certain field in the end. 人们普遍认为，通过不断的努力，一个人最终可以在某一领域脱颖而出。 3．Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves.就我个人而言，关于澳大利亚我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人。(教材P15) 【句型公式】 what引导主语从句 【句型解读】 (1)what相当于the thing that，这里的thing可以根据具体的语境指代不同的内容：指代时间，相当于the time that；指“……的人”，相当于the person that/who；指“……的地方”，相当于the place that等。 (2)what引导宾语从句时，在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的东西或事情”。 【活学活用】 (1)__What_I_want_to_stress__ is that you should make it a rule to practise speaking Mandarin. 我想强调的是，你应该把练习说普通话作为一个习惯。 (2)__What__ has made the story gain great popularity is its beautiful language. 让这个故事广受欢迎的是它优美的语言。 (3)The new shopping mall will be located in__what__ (＝the place that) used to be a wasteland and a huge garden will be constructed __where__ there were a number of tombs. 新的购物中心将位于曾经是荒地的地方，在原来有许多坟墓的地方将建一个巨大的花园。 (4)—What a mess! You are always so lazy！真是一团糟！你总是这么懒！ —I’m not to blame, Mum. I am__what__(＝the person that) you have made. 这不能怪我，妈妈。 我就是你造就的我。 (5)单句语法填空。 ①Some people believe__what__ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future. ②He sold out all the stamps at__what__ he thought was a reasonable price. ③__What__ we can’t get seems better than what we have had. ④The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for__what__ seemed like hours. 【写作佳句】 What was more exciting was that she was chosen to be the leading singer, striking happiness and excitement into her heart. 更令人兴奋的是，她被选为主唱，这使她心生幸福和兴奋。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$