Unit 1 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册课程探究与巩固Word教参（人教版2019）

[] Unit 1　Science Fiction (见学生用书P1) Avatar: The Way of Water 《阿凡达：水之道》 (1)For our sins① in our past life, we have been brought back in the form of our enemy. 由于我们前世的罪恶，我们以敌人的形式复活了。 (2)Sullys stick together. That was our greatest weakness and our greatest strength. Sully总是团结在一起。那既是我们的软肋，也是我们的盔甲！ (3)Water connects all things. The way of water has no beginning and no end. The sea is around you and in you. Life to death. Darkness to light. 水连接万物。水之道无始无终。大海就在你身边，也在你心中。生死相随，从黑暗到光明。 The Wandering Earth Ⅱ 《流浪地球2》 (1)Roaming the space isn’t really important. Giving flowers to someone you like is. 遨游太空其实并不重要。给喜欢的人一束花很重要。 (2)Hope is, in our time, as precious as diamonds.在我们这个时代，希望像钻石一样珍贵。 (3)At this very moment, there are people shielding② us with their own bodies. They are sacrificing their lives in exchange for the continuation of ours. 就在此刻，依然有人挡在我们前面。用他们的生命换取我们活下来的机会。 (4)Looking through human history, the fates of civilisations have always been dictated③ by the choice men make. 纵观人类历史，文明的命运取决于人类的选择。 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.3 《银河护卫队3》 (1)Earth would be a fabulous place except for the bigotry④ and ignorance. 如果没有偏执和无知，地球将是一个美妙的地方。 (2)It’s not a trap; it’s a face­off. 这不是陷阱，这是对峙。 (3)Quite a novice escape plan. Jumping headfirst into an exploding planet. 相当新颖的逃跑计划。一头扎进一个爆炸的星球。 (4)You didn’t want to make things perfect. You just hated things the way they were. 你不是想让事物变完美，而是看不惯它们原本的样子。 Transformers: Rise of the Beasts 《变形金刚：超能勇士崛起》 (1)All I see is a big brother protecting his family. There is more to them than meets the eye. They’re worth saving. You fought for yours. I fought for mine. When we should have been fighting the darkness together. 我只看到一个大哥哥在保护他的家人。它们的价值远不止于此。他们值得拯救。你为你的而战，我为我的而战，我们本该一起对抗黑暗。 (2)No offence, but I’m not trusting my home to a guy who couldn’t even protect his. 无意冒犯，但我不会把我的家园托付给一个连自己的世界都保护不了的人。 (3)Don’t be a problem. Don’t go looking for problems, or we gonna have a problem. 别成为麻烦。别找麻烦，不然我们会有麻烦的。 (4)If we are going to die, then we die fighting all as one. 如果我们要死，那我们就团结起来战斗而死。 (5)Your sacrifice becomes our oath⑤. 你的牺牲成了我们的誓言。 Ant­Man and the Wasp: Quantumania 《蚁人与黄蜂女：量子狂潮》 (1)Time isn’t what you think. 时间不是你想的那样。 (2)He took his prison and made it his empire. 他把他的监狱变成了他的帝国。 (3)I don’t live in a straight line. And with time, it’s hard not to skip to the end. 我不是生活在一条直线上，随着时间的推移，很难不跳到最后。 [日积月累] ①sin/sIn/n.罪，罪恶；过错，罪过 ②shield/ʃiːld/v.保护，保卫 ③dictate/dIk’teIt/v.影响，决定 ④bigotry/’bIɡətri/n.偏执的行为/信念 ⑤oath/əʊθ/n.誓言，誓约 Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking(见学生用书P2) The progress of science and technology power and future direction will come from the evolution of the human spirit and imagination. 科技力量的进步与未来的方向将来自人类精神与想象力的进化。 Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵) 1．__fiction__ n. 小说；虚构的事 2．__bonus__ n. 意外收获；奖金；红利 3．ridiculous adj.__愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的__ 4．__integrity__ n. 诚实正直；完整；完好 5．__dignity__ n. 庄重；庄严；尊严 6．__salary__ n. 薪水；薪金 7．absurd adj.__荒谬的；荒唐的__ 8．__appointment__ n. 预约；约会；委任 9．__nail__ n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子　vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定 10．saleswoman n.__女售货员；女推销员__ 11．__guilty__ adj. 内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 12．__suspend__ vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 13．ladder n. __梯子；阶梯__ 14．__dismiss__ vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 15．__declare__ vt. 表明；宣称；公布 16．whereas conj.__然而；但是；尽管__ Ⅱ. 语块记诵关(先填后记诵) 1．__science_fiction__ 科幻小说(或影片等) 2．__experiment__ with 用……进行实验 3．__test_out__ 检验；测试 4．be away on a __business__trip 出差 5．__more_like__ 更像是；更接近 6．offer __sympathy__(to sb)__for__…因……(向某人)表示同情 7．admire one’s __wisdom__and __integrity__ 欣赏某人的智慧和正直 a man of integrity 一个诚实正直的人 8．treat sb with__dignity__ 有尊严地对待某人 maintain/lose dignity 保持/失去尊严 9．improve one’s __social_position__ 提升某人的社会地位 10．__as_a_favour__ 作为恩惠，当是帮助 11．__or_rather__ 更确切地说，倒不如说 12．__accompany__sb to… 陪某人去…… 13．have/make an__appointment__with 与……有约/与……预约 keep/break one’s appointment 守约/违约 14．be in a__relationship__with sb 与某人谈恋爱 15．be__guilty__about… 对……感到内疚 a sense of guilt 内疚感 16．__dismiss__sb from sb’s job 解雇某人 dismiss a class 下课 dismiss the thought/one’s fears 打消念头/排除某人的恐惧 17．__declare__for 声明支持；表示赞成 declare__against__ 声明反对；表示不赞成 18．in comparison(to) 与……相比 in contrast(to/with) 与……相比 Ⅲ. 佳句赏析关(先赏后译) 1．He seemed more like a human than a machine. [赏析] more．..than．..为固定表达，意为“与其说……倒不如说……”；more like 意为“更像是”。 [翻译]__他看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。__ 2．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. [赏析] 该句为并列复合句。but连接表示转折关系的并列分句；but前的分句含有省略了that的宾语从句，主句为Claire thought，宾语从句中，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句。 [翻译]__克莱尔认为被一个机器人同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐钦佩他的智慧和诚实正直，并开始信任他。__ 3．As she turned around，there stood Gladys Claffern. [赏析] 此句是复合句。句中As引导时间状语从句；there stood Gladys Claffern是主句，为完全倒装句。 [翻译]__当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那儿。__　 4．Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. [赏析] 过去分词suspended表示“被悬挂的”，作后置定语，a light suspended from the ceiling表示“一盏被悬挂在天花板上的灯”。 [翻译]__克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但她却从梯子上摔了下来。__ 5．She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. [赏析] 本句中and连接两个that引导的宾语从句；第二个宾语从句中的that不能省略。 [翻译]__她听到他说他不想第二天离开她，并且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。__ Ⅳ. 课文理解关 词汇助读 ①experiment with用……进行实验 ②a household robot一个家用机器人 ③test out检验；测试 ④be away on a business trip出差 ⑤allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 ⑥bonus n．意外收获；奖金；红利 ⑦feel alarmed感到恐慌 ⑧more like更像是；更接近 ⑨smooth hair头发平整 ⑩facial expression面部表情 ⑪help dressing帮忙穿衣 ⑫feel embarrassed感到尴尬 ⑬look after照顾 ⑭look so human看起来这么像人类 ⑮ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 ⑯offer sympathy表示同情 ⑰wisdom and integrity智慧和诚实正直 ⑱with dignity有尊严地 ⑲elegant adj.高雅的 ⑳improve one’s social position提高某人的社会地位 ㉑with a bigger salary以更高的薪水 ㉒promise to do sth答应做某事 ㉓make oneself more beautiful使某人自己更漂亮 ㉔or rather更确切地说 ㉕with wonder惊奇地 ㉖absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 ㉗a new hairstyle一个新发型 ㉘improve one’s makeup改善某人的化妆风格 ㉙accompany sb to…陪某人去…… ㉚write out a list of things写出一份清单 ㉛go downtown去市区 ㉜have an appointment to do sth约定做某事 ㉝nail n. 指甲 ㉞saleswoman n．女售货员 ㉟be rude to sb 对某人粗鲁 ㊱turn around转身 ㊲be in a relationship谈恋爱 ㊳be completely innocent完全无辜 ㊴feel guilty感到内疚 ㊵sensitive adj.敏感的 ㊶as good as像……一样好 ㊷be to leave将要离开 ㊸by that time到那时 ㊺suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 ㊻fall off 从……上摔下来 ㊼in time及时 ㊽push sb away把某人推开 ㊾dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开 ㊿take sb in one’s arms搂着某人 close to靠近；贴近 declare vt. 表明；宣称；公布 more than超过；不仅仅 原文 SATISFACTION GUARANTEED (Adapted) Larry Belmont worked for a company that made robots. Recently it had begun experimenting with① a household robot②. It was going to be tested out③ by Larry’s wife, Claire. 　 Claire didn’t want the robot in her house, especially as her husband would be away on a business trip④ for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be⑤ harmed. It would be a bonus⑥. However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed⑦. His name was Tony. He seemed more like⑧ a human than a machine. He was tall and handsome with smooth hair⑨ and a deep voice, although his facial expression⑩ never changed. On the second morning, Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing⑪. She felt embarrassed⑫ and quickly told him to go. Now she was being looked after⑬ by a robot that looked so human⑭， and it was disturbing. One day, Claire mentioned that she didn’t think she was clever. Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. Claire thought it was ridiculous⑮ that she was being offered sympathy⑯ by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity⑰ and began to trust him. He always treated her with dignity⑱. She told him how she was unhappy that her home wasn’t elegant⑲ enough for Larry, who wanted to improve his social position⑳ with a bigger salary㉑. She wasn’t like Gladys Claffern, one of the richest and most powerful women around. As a favour, Tony promised to help㉒ Claire make herself more beautiful㉓ and her home more elegant. So Claire borrowed some library books for him to read, or rather㉔， scan. She looked at his fingers with wonder㉕ as they turned each page. How absurd㉖， she thought. He was just a machine. Tony gave Claire a new hairstyle㉗ and improved her makeup㉘. As he was not allowed to accompany her to㉙ the shops, he wrote out a list of things㉚ that he would need for his work on the house. Claire went downtown㉛ and bought these things. She had an appointment to paint㉜ her nails㉝， then she went into an expensive clothes shop. The saleswoman㉞ there was rude to㉟ her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. He spoke to the woman, who immediately changed her attitude. Claire thanked Tony, telling him that he was a “dear”. As she turned around㊱， there stood Gladys Claffern. How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. By the look on her face, Claire knew that Gladys thought they were in a relationship㊲. After all, she knew Claire’s husband’s name was Larry, not Tony. Although it was completely innocent㊳， Claire felt guilty㊴. When Claire got home, she wept.Gladys was everything Claire wished to be. Tony told her she was being sensitive㊵ and was just as good as㊶ Gladys. He suggested that she invite Gladys and her friends to the house the night before he was to leave㊷ and Larry was to return. By that time㊸， Tony expected that the house, which was being completely transformed, would be ready. Tony worked steadily on㊹ the improvements. Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended㊺ from the ceiling, but she fell off㊻the ladder. Even though Tony had been in the next room, he managed to catch her in time㊼. As he held her, she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed, pushed him away㊽， and ran to her room. The night of the party arrived. The clock struck eight. The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed㊾ Tony for the rest of the night. At that moment, Tony took her in his arms㊿， bringing his face close to hers. She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her. Then the front door bell rang. 译文 《包你满意》 (改编) 拉里·贝尔蒙特在一家生产机器人的公司工作。最近，该公司开始对一款家用机器人进行实验。它将由拉里的夫人克莱尔进行测试。 克莱尔不想把机器人留在家里，特别是她丈夫将出差三个星期，但是拉里说服她说，这个机器人不会伤害她，也不会允许别人来伤害她。这个将是个意外的收获。然而当她初次见到这个机器人的时候就感到有点恐慌。他的名字叫托尼。他看上去更像一个人，而不像一台机器。他虽然面部表情始终如一，但是他个子高大，相貌英俊，头发平整，声音低沉浑厚。 第二天早晨，托尼给她端来了早餐，然后问她是否需要帮忙穿衣服。她感到尴尬，很快就打发他走了。现在她被一个看起来很像人的机器人照顾着，这让她觉得很不安。 有一天，克莱尔提到，她觉得她自己并不聪明。托尼说，她一定是很不高兴，才会说出这样的话来。克莱尔认为被一个机器人同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐钦佩他的智慧和诚实正直，并开始信任他。他总是很体面地对待她。她告诉托尼她很不高兴，对于想要提高社会地位且拥有更高薪水的拉里来说，她的家也不够高雅。她跟格拉迪丝·克拉芬不一样，格拉迪丝是远近闻名的有钱有势的女人。 作为恩惠，托尼答应帮克莱尔一个忙，让她变得更漂亮，让她的家变得更高雅。于是克莱尔从图书馆借来一些书给托尼阅读，更确切地说是扫描。她惊奇地看着他的手指翻动着书页。她在想，这是多么荒谬。他只不过是一台机器。 托尼给克莱尔换了个新发型，又改善了她的化妆风格。因为托尼不被允许陪克莱尔去商店，所以托尼就写了一份购物清单，上面列出了装饰房子需要用到的东西。克莱尔去市区买这些东西。她按预约去美甲，然后走进了一家昂贵的服装店。女店员对她很粗鲁，她就打电话给托尼，并告诉他自己受到了不好的对待。托尼同女店员通了电话，女店员马上改变了态度。克莱尔对托尼表示感谢，并说他是个“亲爱的人”。当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那儿。克莱尔想，被格拉迪丝发现了，这多么糟糕。从格拉迪丝脸上的表情来看，克莱尔知道，格拉迪丝认为他们在谈恋爱。毕竟，格拉迪丝知道她的丈夫是拉里，而不是托尼。虽然完全无辜，克莱尔还是感到内疚。 克莱尔回到家里，她哭了起来。格拉迪丝的一举一动都是克莱尔想模仿的。托尼对克莱尔说，她这样想有点敏感，其实她就像格拉迪丝一样好。他建议克莱尔邀请格拉迪丝和她的朋友到家里来玩，时间就定在托尼离开和拉里回家之前的那个晚上。到那时，托尼希望正在被彻底改造的房子能够准备就绪。 托尼有条不紊地进行改进。克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但她却从梯子上摔了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间里，他还是及时赶过来把她接住了。他抱着她的时候，她感受到了他身体的热度。她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回了她的房间。 聚会的那天晚上来到了。时钟在八点敲响。客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。就在那一瞬间，托尼搂着她，把脸贴近她的脸。她听到他说他不想第二天离开她，并且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。就在这时，前门的门铃响了。 托尼有条不紊地进行改进。克莱尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但她却从梯子上摔了下来。尽管托尼当时在隔壁房间里，他还是及时赶过来把她接住了。他抱着她的时候，她感受到了他身体的热度。她尖叫了起来，把他推开，跑回了她的房间。 聚会的那天晚上来到了。时钟在八点敲响。客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。就在那一瞬间，托尼搂着她，把脸贴近她的脸。她听到他说他不想第二天离开她，并且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。就在这时，前门的门铃响了。 Step 1　Pre­reading 1．(1)Do you know any science fiction about robots? Yes._There_is_some_science_fiction_about_robots,_such_as_I,_Robot,_The_Diamond_Age_and_Klara_and_the_Sun.__ (2)How have robots changed our lives? One possible version： First_of_all,_robots_are_performing_tasks_that_are_too_dangerous_or_laborious_for_humans._Furthermore,_robots_can_help_to_search_for_human_survivors_in_insecure_ruins._Additionally,_they_can_help_discover_mines.__ 2．Do you think it is possible for a robot to think for itself, have feelings, have its own needs and desires, or look and feel like a human being? __答案不唯一，合理即可。__ Step 2　While­reading Task 1: Fast reading 1．Read the text and get the main idea of the text. The text mainly tells us how Claire became more confident with the help of Tony, a household robot, and gradually __fell_in_love__ with him. 2．Work out the structure of the text. 3．Describe Claire’s feelings towards Tony throughout the text. ★When she first saw Tony, she was (1)alarmed__. ★When Tony offered to help with dressing, she was (2)embarrassed__． ★When Claire was offered sympathy by Tony, she thought it (3)ridiculous__． ★When Tony was scanning the books, she was (4)amazed at his fingers but she thought it was (5)absurd for Tony was just a machine. ★When Tony helped her deal with the rude clerk, she was (6)__thankful__． ★When Claire found out that her telephone conversation happened to be heard by Gladys, she thought it was (7)__awful__ and felt (8)__guilty__． ★When Claire fell off a ladder and Tony caught her in time, she felt (9)__strange__． 4．In what way do you think Tony is satisfying? ★Tony’s (1)__appearance__ is satisfying because he seemed more like a handsome human. ★Tony’s daily service is satisfying because he always treated Claire with dignity. ★Tony’s effective solution is satisfying because he made the saleswoman apologise. ★Tony’s (2)__timely_protection__ is satisfying because he caught Claire when she fell. ★Tony’s (3)__help/ability__ is satisfying because he figured out a way to help Claire impress her guests. Task 2: Intensive reading Read the text and then choose the best answer according to the text. (　D　)1．The robot Tony helped Claire to realise her dream by ________． A．making her home more elegant B．giving her a new haircut and changing the makeup she wore C．giving her advice on her dresses D．all of the above (　C　)2．Why did Claire buy the items from the shop? A．Because Tony thought it was his job to follow his owner. B．Because her husband Larry was to return. C．Because Tony wanted to help her get the house transformed. D．Because she thought she just needed them. (　A　)3．Why did Claire weep when she got home? A．Because she thought she was not as good as Gladys. B．Because she was at a loss not knowing what to do. C．Because her secret was found. D．Because she didn’t want Tony to leave. Step 3　Post­reading—Critical Thinking Task 1：Answer the questions Do you think it is possible for a person to love a robot? What relationship do you think will develop between humans and robots in the future? __答案不唯一，合理即可。__ Task 2：理文化 艾萨克·阿西莫夫(Isaac Asimov)，俄裔美国人，是科幻小说作家、科普作家、文学评论家以及美国科幻小说黄金时代的代表人物之一， 与罗伯特·海因莱因和亚瑟·克拉克并列为科幻小说的三巨头。其作品中的《基地》系列、《银河帝国三部曲》和《机器人》系列被誉为“科幻圣经”。曾获代表科幻界最高荣誉的雨果奖和星云终身成就大师奖。小行星5020、《阿西莫夫科幻小说》杂志和两项阿西莫夫奖都是以他的名字命名。他提出的“机器人三定律”被称为“现代机器人学的基石”。 Task 3：学技能 读后续写微技能——情感描写 课文中，Claire对Tony的情感发生了一系列的变化。一开始见机器人Tony如此逼真，Claire很恐惧(alarmed)；Tony要帮她穿衣服，她感到很尴尬(embarrassed)；Tony对她表示同情，她觉得十分荒唐(ridiculous)；Claire出去买东西，Tony为她换新发型时，她感到开心(delighted/satisfied); 最后Tony要离开，Claire感到伤心(sad)。 1．However, when she first saw the robot, she felt alarmed. 2．On the second morning，Tony brought her breakfast and then asked her whether she needed help dressing. She felt embarrassed. 3．Tony said that she must feel very unhappy to say that. 4．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot. 5．Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. 6．She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page. How absurd，she thought. He was just a machine. Part 1　核心词汇解读 1．It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire.它将由拉里的夫人克莱尔来测试。(教材P2) test out检验；测试；测验，考查 (1)test sb on sth测试/考查某人某方面的知识 test sth on sb/sth在某人/某物身上做关于……的试验 test sb for sth为某人做……检查 (2)stand the test of time经得起时间的考验 【活学活用】 (1)Opening stores in different regions is a good way to __test_out__ the market. 在不同地区开商店是检验市场情况的一个好办法。 (2)The long race __tests_out__ a man’s endurance. 长跑比赛考验一个人的耐力。 (3)It may be five or six years before the new medicine is __tested__ on human beings. 这种新药可能还要五六年才能在人体上进行试验。 (4)Beauty dies as time passes by, but knowledge can__stand_the_test_of_time__． 美貌会随着时间的流逝而消逝，但知识却能经得起时间的考验。 (5)We will be tested __on__grammar tomorrow.我们明天测试语法。 (6)写出下列各句中test out的中文意思。 ①He wished to test out the item before selling it in the market. __测试__ ②The experiments test out new ideas, behaviours, or approaches.__检验__ ③The long climb tested out our power of perseverance.__考验__ 【写作佳句】 Climbing the Great Wall is a great way to test out and develop your will as well as your strength. 爬长城是考验和发展你的意志和力量的好方法。 2．She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop.她按预约去美甲，然后走进了一家昂贵的服装店。(教材P2) appointment n．(a formal arrangement to meet or visit sb at a particular time) 预约；约会；约定； (the act of choosing a person for a job or position of responsibility) 任命；委任 (1)make/have an appointment with sb与某人预约/有约 keep/break an appointment守约/违约 (2)appoint vt. 任命，委派；约定；确定 appoint sb as/to be/n.… 任命某人为…… appoint sb to do sth委派/任命某人去做某事 appoint a time/date/place for．.. 为……约定时间/日期/地点 (3)appointed adj.指定的，约定的 【巧学助记】 Tom made an appointment with the manager and arrived at the appointed time. Later, he was appointed as sales director. 汤姆和经理约好了见面并且在约定的时间到达。后来，他被任命为销售总监。 【活学活用】 (1)She made __an__ appointment for her son to see the doctor. 她为儿子预约了看医生。 (2)After due consideration, we have decided to appoint Mr Davis __to_do__ (do) the job. 经过适当考虑，我们决定委派戴维斯先生做这项工作。 (3)I __was_appointed__ to take charge of arranging all the activities that day. 我被任命负责安排那天的所有活动。 (4)单句语法填空。 ①I am busy preparing for my final exam, which is vital to me, so I cannot keep the__appointment__(appoint). ②He__was_appointed__(appoint) as general manager for his great leadership and management skills last week. ③Tom, disabled, is attended throughout the day by a nurse__appointed__(appoint) to take care of him. ④Ten minutes before the __appointed__ (appoint) time, he sat nervously outside her office. 【写作佳句】 It’s a great pity that I have to cancel the Sunday bookstore appointment with you. 很遗憾我不得不取消我们周日一块儿逛书店的约定。 3．Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty. 虽然完全无辜，克莱尔还是感到内疚。(教材P2) guilty adj.(feeling ashamed because you have done sth that you know is wrong) 内疚的；惭愧的；(having done sth illegal) 有罪的；(responsible for behaviour that’s morally or socially unacceptable)有过失的 (1)be guilty of…　犯了……罪的；有……过失的；有罪的 be/feel guilty about…　对/为……感到内疚/惭愧 (2)a guilty secret　见不得人的秘密 have a guilty conscience　问心有愧 (3)guilt n．内疚，自责 a sense of guilt　内疚/自责感 (4)(反) innocent adj.清白的；无罪的 【巧学助记】 She must have done something wrong, because she was looking so guilty. Actually, she couldn’t sleep well these days, for she had a guilty conscience. She suffered such feelings of guilt that she decided to do something to make up for it. 她一定做错了什么事，因为她看上去很内疚。事实上，她这些天都睡不好觉，因为她问心有愧。她感到如此内疚以至于决定做点什么来弥补。 【活学活用】 (1)The jury has to decide whether a person is guilty or innocent of a crime. 陪审团必须就一个人是否有罪作出裁决。 (2)We’ve all been guilty __of__ selfishness at some time in our lives. 我们的一生中都有过自私自利的过失。 (3)Feeling guilty __about__ all the lies, she wrote a letter of apology to her classmate, asking for her forgiveness. 对所有的谎言感到内疚，她给她的同学写了一封道歉信，请求她的原谅。 (4)He wrestled with __a_guilty_conscience__ after his cheating in the exam. 他在考试作弊后， 良心一直纠结着，问心有愧。 (5)He was suffering from overpowering feelings of __guilt__， for he had scolded his child wrongly. 他因错骂了自己的孩子而深感内疚。 【写作佳句】 (1)“I have been guilty of cheating my beloved grandmother，” she murmured，tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks. 她低声说：“我已经犯下欺骗我亲爱的奶奶的错误。” 内疚的泪水顺着她的脸颊流下来。 (2) Alan got released and a kind of new calm settled over him, yet soon he felt somewhat guilty and absurd about what he just reacted now. 艾伦感觉轻松了，一种新的平静笼罩了他，但很快他就对自己刚才的反应感到有些内疚和荒谬。 4．Claire tried to help by working on a light suspended from the ceiling, but she fell off the ladder. 克菜尔试图帮忙安装天花板上的吊灯，但她却从梯子上摔了下来。(教材P3) suspend vt. (to hang sth from sth else)悬；挂 (to officially stop sth from continuing, especially for a short time) 暂停；暂缓 (1)suspend．.. from．..把……悬挂在……上 be suspended from the ceiling吊在天花板上 be suspended from school/club/job 被勒令停学/退出俱乐部/停职 (2)suspense n. 悬念；焦虑 in suspense悬而未决；处于焦急等待状态 【活学活用】 (1)If you exceed your credit limit, we have the right to suspend or cancel your account. 如果你超过你的信用额度，我们有权暂停或取消你的账户。 (2)The ferry service has been suspended for the day because of bad weather. 由于天气恶劣，渡轮服务当天暂停。 (3)Julie was __suspended_from__ her job shortly after the incident. 该事件发生后不久，朱莉被停职了。 (4)Kepler kept all his men in __suspense__(suspend) until that morning before announcing which two would be going. 开普勒让所有的下属都焦急地等待着，直到那天上午才宣布哪两个人要去。 (5)He __was_suspended__ for four games after arguing with the referee. 他跟裁判发生争执之后，被停赛四场。 (6)单句语法填空。 ①Two students __were_suspended__(suspend) from school for damaging school property last month. ②Sales of the drug __will_be_suspended__(suspend) until more tests are completed. ③Don’t keep us in __suspense__(suspend). Tell us what happened! ④It was very uncomfortable lying on the hospital bed with my legs __suspended__(suspend) in the air. ⑤For lack of funds, we have no alternative but __to_suspend__(suspend) the project. 【写作佳句】 Jane urged Jack to weigh pros and cons. Otherwise, his job would be suspended. 简敦促杰克权衡利弊，否则他将被停职。 5．The guests would be arriving soon，so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。(教材P3) dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；(to remove someone from their job) 解雇；消除；拒绝考虑；否定 (1)dismiss sth as．.. 因……拒绝考虑(观点、意见) dismiss sb from sth 把某人从某职位上解雇/开除 dismiss sb for sth因某事开除/解雇某人 dismiss sth from．../one’s mind从……中/某人脑海中消除某事 (2) dismissal n．开除，解雇；否定，轻视 【活学活用】 (1)He just laughed and dismissed my proposal as unrealistic. 他只是笑了笑，认为我的建议不切实际，拒绝考虑。 (2)Let’s not just __dismiss__ the idea before we’ve even thought about it. 我们不要在还没想过这个想法之前就把它否定了。 (3)It was not easy to dismiss the matter __from__ his mind, for it was deeply rooted. 要把这件事从他的脑海里消除掉是不容易的，因为它根深蒂固。 (4)The lady claimed that she could climb higher and walk farther after __dismissing__ (dismiss) her fears. 这位女士声称消除了恐惧后，她可以爬得更高，走得更远了。 (5)单句语法填空。 ①He has been dismissed __from__ his job for incompetence. ②The professor __dismissed__(dismiss) the class early because she had a meeting. ③Finally his boss found an excuse and had him __dismissed__ (dismiss) from the factory. ④Let us dismiss these bad feelings __from__ our lives and replace them with love and positivity. ⑤Wilson was claiming compensation(赔偿金) for unfair __dismissal__(dismiss). 【写作佳句】 If you violate the rules here, we shall have to dismiss you from the post. 如果你违反了这里的规定，我们将不得不开除你。 6．She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听到他说他不想第二天离开她，并且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。(教材P3) declare vt.(to state sth firmly and clearly)表明；宣称；公布 (1)declare war on．.. 对……宣战 declare for/against 声明赞成/反对 declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束 declare sb/sth to be 宣布某人/某物为…… declare＋that从句　宣布/宣告…… It is declared＋that 从句　据宣布…… (2)declaration n. 公告；宣告；声明(书)；宣言 【易混辨析】 declare指在庄严场合，官方的权威人士公开、郑重地宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度。 announce指对公众或特定人群进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事、商品信息等。 【活学活用】 (1)When the teacher declared me to be the winner of the English Speech Contest, I was surprised and pleased. 当老师宣布我是这次英语演讲比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。 (2)Li Ping, my best friend, should __declare_against__ my advice at the class meeting. 李萍，我最好的朋友，竟然在班会上声明反对我的建议。 (3)The police have now __declared_war_on__ drug dealers in the area. 警方现在已经向这一地区的毒贩宣战。 (4)There being no further business, the chairman declared the meeting__closed__(close). 由于没有其他的事情，主席宣布散会。 (5)单句语法填空。 ①A state of emergency __has_been_declared/was_declared__ (declare) because of severe flooding. ②It __is_declared__(declare) that both sides agree to stop fighting. They must obey the declaration forever. ③All the residents declared __for__ garbage sorting in an effort to better protect the environment. 【写作佳句】 Hearing the sports meeting declared open, all the students in our school burst into cheers. 听到运动会被宣布开幕，我们学校的所有学生都欢呼起来。 Part 2　核心句型剖析 1．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot，but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him. 克莱尔认为被一个机器人同情是荒谬的，但她逐渐钦佩他的智慧和诚实正直，并开始信任他。(教材P2) 【句型公式】 “it be＋adj.＋that从句”是固定句型，其中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 【句型解读】 在英语中，把真正的主语后置，同时把形式主语It放在主语位置的常见句型有： (1)It is＋过去分词(reported，believed，said，expected，thought，announced等)＋that从句. (该句型可与“Sb/Sth ＋be＋过去分词＋to do．..”句型相互转换。) (2)It＋不及物动词(短语)(seem，happen，turn out, appear等)＋that从句． (3)It is＋名词(a pity, a fact, a wonder, a shame, an honour, no wonder等)＋that从句． (4)It is＋形容词(clear，natural，obvious，possible, likely等)＋that从句． 【活学活用】 (1)__It’s_obvious_that__ the ageing population in China will cause heavy pressure on the whole society in the future. 显而易见，中国的人口老龄化将在未来对整个社会造成巨大的压力。 (2)__It_is_a_pity/shame__ that you should miss such a good opportunity to broaden your horizons. 真遗憾，你竟然错过了这么一个开阔眼界的好机会。 (3)__It_is_said_that__ he has studied abroad, but we don’t know which country he studied in. ＝He __is_said_to_have_studied__ abroad, but we don’t know which country he studied in. 据说他在国外学习过，但是我们不知道他是在哪个国家学习的。 【写作佳句】 It’s important that you should set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. 重要的是，你应该每天留出一些时间做运动，这样你才能保持精力充沛。 2．As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern. 当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那儿。(教材P2) 【句型公式】 “there＋谓语＋主语”构成的倒装句，表示“某处存在……”。 【句型解读】 在英语中常见的倒装句有以下几种情况： (1)将here, there, now, then, in，out，away, off，up，down等副词置于句首， 谓语动词是be, come, go, lie, run等，且主语为名词时，通常要使用完全倒装。此处的there stood Gladys Claffern就是这种情况的完全倒装句。 (2)there引出的完全倒装结构，除 there be 句型外，还有there live/stand/lie/exist/appear/remain＋主语等。 (3)介词短语作地点状语放在句首， 谓语动词为不及物动词。 (4)“表语/状语(adj./doing/done/介词短语)＋be＋主语”倒装结构。 【活学活用】 (1)The Public Square is an eye­catching sight of the city. There __stands__ (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure. 公共广场是这个城市的一个引人注目的景点。 一位著名历史人物的石雕矗立在那儿。 (2)Out __rushed__ (rush) the policeman as soon as he heard the terrible noise. 一听到可怕的噪声，那个警察就冲了出去。 (3)20 miles east of our school __lies_a_modern_swimming_pool__， which is newly­built and has become a popular place for kids in summer. 在我们学校以东20英里处有一个现代化的游泳池，它是新建的，已经成为孩子们夏天的好去处。 (4)Present at the meeting __were__ Professor Smith and many other well­known scientists. 出席会议的有史密斯教授和许多其他著名的科学家。 【写作佳句】 Into the complete silence of the class came the teacher’s sweet voice, “Hi, boys and girls.” 教室里一片寂静，这时传来了老师甜美的声音：“嗨，同学们。” 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$