Unit 3 Section Ⅰ Starting out&Understanding ideas-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas 速读明大意 Ⅰ.Skim the text and fill in the blanks. Topic Interviewer Richard Greetings Tonight I will 1.be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst.Welcome！ It is a 2.pleasure to be here. The age of invention Is it over or just new and great？ There have been 3.golden ages of invention in Ancient China and West. The new great inventions Are most of them 4.based on technology？ A lot.Many 5．advances in different fields have been made 6.thanks to technology and computer power. Technological advancement of medicine and environmental science Can you give us some examples？ Body parts made by 3D printers and an intelligent 7.walking house using GPS technology to travel. What's more, advances in solar energy are 8.eco­friendly． The inspiration for inventions What is it？ Most inventions 9．start with recognising a problem that needs a solution. For the future Will anybody invent a time machine？ Not 10.at the moment, but never say never！ Ⅱ.What is the main idea of the text? The main idea of the text is the new changes in invention today． 精读知细节 Choose the best answer according to the text. 1．Why does Richard mention the four great inventions in Ancient China? A．To prove the golden ages of invention in history. B．To tell us the importance of the four great inventions. C．To share his knowledge about the four great inventions. D．To compare them with the great Western inventions. 2．What do we know about the new great inventions today? A．All of them are based on technology. B．Computing technology helps them a lot. C．The solar technology is always eco­friendly. D．A way of solving a problem is an invention. 3．How does Richard prove we are in the great new age of technology? A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By giving definition. D．By time order. 4．What does Dr Richard Fairhurst think inspires people to invent things? A．Solving a problem. B．Enjoying the life. C．Winning a prize. D．Building up the confidence. 5．What can you infer from Richard's attitude to the future development of invention? A．He thinks it is promising. B．He thinks it will be slow. C．He thinks it is hard to predict. D．He thinks it is difficult to invent new things. 答案：1～5　ABAAA 读后悟考点 Ⅰ.扫词汇障碍 构 词 法 papermaking paper(纸)＋make(制造)＋­ing→n.造纸术 tech­based tech (technology的缩写)＋based(以……为基础的)→adj.以技术为基础的 environmental environment (环境)＋­al(形容词后缀)→adj.有关环境的 eco­friendly eco­(生态)＋friendly(友好的)→adj.环保的 Ⅱ.破译长难句 [教材1]　This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car. [分析]　句中which much later developed into the car是which引导的非限制性定语从句。 [翻译]　这无疑是在古代人们发明车轮的原因，后来车轮发展成为汽车。 [教材2]　But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create，and that's the real spirit of invention. [分析]　本句为and连接的并列复合句。第二个and前的分句是主系表结构，句中what remains important是what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句；第二个and后的分句中that指代we have an incredible desire to think and create。 [翻译]　不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精神。 [教材3]　It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions，but many people might think that the great age of invention is over. [分析]　本句为but连接的并列复合句。but前后两个句子都是复合句，前后两个句子中that引导的都是宾语从句；句中suggest意为“表明，暗示”，其后从句中用陈述语气；若suggest意为“建议”时，其后从句接虚拟语气，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可省略。 [翻译]　书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。 Ⅲ.学表达技巧 高 级 句 式 [教材1]　It's a pleasure to be here. [分析]　这是演讲以及访谈的常用句式，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语。类似句式还有“It is my honour to speak here.” “I feel really honoured to speak here.”等。 [仿写]　尝试用高级句式补全句子 和你们这样出色的学生组成一队真是件愉快的事。 It's a pleasure to team up with such excellent students as you. 过 渡 衔 接 [教材2]　In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power. [分析]　句中In addition相当于副词，表示递进关系，后面跟逗号，句与句、段与段之间恰当地使用衔接过渡词汇不仅可以起到承上启下的作用，也可以使文章脉络走向更为清晰明朗。 [仿写]　尝试用过渡衔接词汇补全句子 此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。 In addition，what's vital is that you (should) mind your table manners in China when you attend a dinner party. 表 达 观 点 [教材3]　Nothing like this has been invented yet and I'd say we're a long way from an invention like that at the moment! [分析]　句中I'd say用于表达个人观点看法，类似的表达还有：in my view, as far as I'm concerned, in my opinion, I believe等。 [仿写]　尝试用观点表达补全句子 根据以往的经验，我想他可能把时间忘了。 From past experience, I'd say he'd probably forgotten the time． 高频词汇练全 advance n．前进；进步；事先 v．(使)进步；提前 adj.预先的，在前的 (1)in advance (of...) 在……前面；预先，提前 make great advances in... 在……取得很大进展 (2)advance to/towards 走向……，向……前进 (3)advanced adj.先进的，高级的， 高等的 【练透】　单句语法填空/词汇升级/完成句子 ①I'm a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced (advance) course. (选自人教B1U1) ②After working day and night, we finished the work ahead of time. →After working day and night, we finished the work in advance． ③他转过身来，对我坚定地笑了笑，向起跑线走去。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) Turning around, he gave me a determined smile and advanced towards the starting line.(动作与神情描写) capable adj.有能力的 (1)be capable of doing sth.＝ be able to do sth. 有能力做某事 (2)capability n．能力，水平 have the capability to do sth./of doing sth. 有能力做某事 【练透】　单句语法填空/一句多译 ①There is also no better way to know yourself and to see what you are capable of．(选自北师B1U2) ②不可否认，我有能力帮助外国人更好地了解中国文化。(申请信) ②－1 There is no denying that I am capable of helping foreigners learn about Chinese culture better.(capable) ②－2 There is no denying that I have the capability to help/of helping foreigners learn about Chinese culture better.(capability) desire n．渴望，欲望；愿望 v．渴望；希望 (1)have a desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 (2)desire to do sth. 渴望做某事 desire sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do sth. 渴望……做某事 (虚拟语气) 【练透】　完成句子 ①如果你想挑战自己，那就不要在乎别人的想法。(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) If you desire/have a desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others' thoughts. ②我父母希望我成为一名律师，而我想在乐队里当一名乐手。你能给我一些建议吗？(求助信) My parents desire me to be a lawyer while I want to be a player in a band.Can you give me some suggestions? ③把遥控装置引进该系统是理想的。 It's desired that remote control (should) be introduced in this system. in addition 除此之外，另外 (1)in addition (to...)表示“除……外(还)”，相当于besides，furthermore，what's more，moreover，as well as等。 (2)except 表示“除……外(都)”相当于but等。 (3)apart from 表示“除……之外(还/都)。” 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In addition to her research, she has been whole­heartedly committed to environmental protection.(选自北师B3U8) ②除了在灾后提供援助，该项目还培训人们在灾难来临前做准备。 In addition to providing aid after disaster，this project is training people to prepare before a disaster strikes. ③熬夜学习对你的健康有害。此外，你还会因为精力不足而影响第二天的学习。(建议信) Staying up to study does harm to your health.In addition, it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy. in terms of 就……而言；在……方面 in the long/short term 长期/短期而言 be on good/bad terms with sb. 与某人关系好/不好 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①You are at a good age in terms of your memory.(选自北师B3U9) ②我和李岩关系一直很好，我把他当作我最亲密的朋友。(人物描写) I have been on good terms with Li Yan and I look on him as my closest friend. ③事实上，从长远来看，我们所做的对环境是有益的。(环境保护) In reality，what we have done is good for the environment in the long term． lead to 引起；导致 (1)lead sb.to do sth. 使某人做某事 lead sb.to/into... 领着某人去/进入…… lead/live a happy life 过着幸福的生活 (2)in the lead 带头，处于领先地位 take the lead 带头 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Each statue has a different face, leading researchers to believe (believe) that each one is a copy of a real soldier.(选自人教B1U2) ②糖分摄入过量易引起健康问题。(身体健康) Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems． ③她叫他跟她来，并把他带到了经理的办公室。(动作描写) She called him to follow her, and led him into the manager's office. 中频词汇练会 Ⅰ.一词多义 1．根据语境选出press的含义 A．n.出版社；印刷所　B．n.新闻界，媒体　C．v.按，压　D．vt.敦促；逼迫 ①Just press the button to see your favourite character in action. C ②They are pressing us to make a quick decision. D ③The dictionary was published by the Oxford University Press. A ④Do the press have the right to invade her privacy in this way？ B 2．根据语境选出shoot的含义 A．vi.快速移动； 飞速通过　B．vi.射门　C．vt.发射(子弹等)　D．vt.突然把……投向 E．vt.拍摄 ①This is just a toy gun which doesn't shoot real bullets. C ②A plane shot across the sky. A ③She shot an angry glance at him. D ④Our striker got into a good position to shoot, but then missed his kick. B ⑤The movie was shot entirely on location in Italy. E Ⅱ.熟词生义——猜测句中加黑词汇的词性及含义 ①He married a virtual stranger, which surprised us a lot.adj.几乎……的 ②Classrooms are flexible learning spaces that support and adapt to student needs.adj.灵活的 ③He faced a battery of questions which are hard to answer.n.一系列 ④I stuffed everything into a suitcase before leaving.vt.把……塞进 重点句式练透 句型公式：with 复合结构 (教材原文)It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”．利用计算技术控制“双腿”，它能够使用GPS技术抵达不同的地方。 句中的with computing technology controlling its “legs”属于with复合结构，在句中作状语，非谓语动词短语controlling its “legs”作宾补。with复合结构常作原因、条件、时间、方式或伴随状语，也可作后置定语。with复合结构常见形式： 注意：上述结构中，确定非谓语动词和其逻辑主语之间的关系以及非谓语动词所表示的时间概念十分重要。 【练透】　单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with business taking (take) advantage of the celebrations.(选自人教B3U1) ②有这么多的书要读，我没有时间跟你闲聊。 With so many books to read，I have no time to chat with you. ③那个男孩坐在屋里，眼睛盯着天花板。(动作描写) The boy sat in the room，with his eyes fixed on the ceiling． ④随着时间的推移，教练越来越满足于过简朴的生活。 ④－1 As time went on/by，the coach increasingly contented himself with living a simple life.(as) ④－2 With time going on/by，the coach increasingly contented himself with living a simple life. 句型公式：强调句型的特殊疑问句形式 (教材原文)So what is it that inspires us to invent things? 该句为强调句型的特殊疑问句形式，被强调的部分是特殊疑问词what。强调句型的用法： (1)句型： ①陈述句形式：“It＋is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他”。 ②一般疑问句形式：Is/Was it...that/who...? ③特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that/who...? ④not...until...句型的强调句型：It is/was not until...that...。 (2)该句型不用来强调句子的谓语和定语。若被强调的部分是人，that可以替换为who。 (3)被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It后的be动词均用单数形式，即is或was。用is还是was要根据原句的时态来确定。 (4)判断一个句子是否是强调句的方法：把句子中的“It is/was”和“that/who”去掉后，如果剩余部分结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句；否则就不是强调句。那是什么激励我们发明东西呢？ 【练透】　单句语法填空/句式升级 ①It's a small change that can make a big difference in your day.(2024·浙江1月卷) ②It was not until then that she realized that Maya was so intelligent that she was capable of fetching random items, for her extra treat.(2024·九省联考) ③The culture made it hard for him to adjust to the new environment abroad. →It was the culture that made it hard for him to adjust to the new environment abroad.(强调主语) ④I didn't realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness until I experienced the event.(主旨升华) ④－1 Not until I experienced the event did I realize a small act of care can melt people's loneliness.(倒装句) ④－2 It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt people's loneliness.(强调句) (时间：45分钟　满分：100分) Ⅰ.单词拼写(每题1.5分，共12分) 1．Press (按下) the button and you will hear some beautiful songs. 2．The website allows you to take a virtual (虚拟的) tour of the art gallery. 3．Our plans need to be flexible (灵活的) enough to cater for the needs of everyone. 4．When the red light comes on, you should recharge the battery (电池). 5．Alice looked out of the window, worrying whether she was capable (有能力的) of doing the new job. 6．If you want to desire (渴望) to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others' thoughts. 7．The young soldier missed a good chance to shoot (射击) at goal. 8．I didn't think guys paid attention to stuff (东西) like that. Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每题1.5分，共15分) 1．He felt he could really start looking for the day when he could turn his dream into a reality (real). 2．The first students will work on projects related to wearable (wear) technology and the Internet of Things. 3．Dogs seem to understand our needs and have a desire to help (help) us out. 4．It is believed that it is his ability to work under pressure (press) that leads to his great success. 5．Technological advances mean more information can be delivered online rapidly and flexibly (flexible). 6．Experts suggest that parents should let their children do tasks that they are capable of by themselves, which will help children to build confidence. 7．You need money and time; in addition, you also need diligence. 8．With his mind concentrated (concentrate)on his homework，he didn't notice his mother come in. 9．Many people believe technological changes will lead to unemployment. 10．In terms of size and population, how big is the EU compared with China? Ⅲ.完成句子/词汇句式升级/一句多译(每空3分，共18分) 1．较大的公司能够提供一系列更好的服务。 The larger firm was capable of offering a better range of services. 2．公园里充满了春日的清新和美丽，阳光明媚，鸟儿歌唱。(with复合结构) The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with the sun shining and birds singing． 3．If you plan your shopping for warm clothes before winter, you can save lots of money. →If you plan your shopping for warm clothes in advance of winter, you can save lots of money. 4．He didn't realize his mistakes until yesterday. →It was not until yesterday that he realized his mistakes.(强调句型) 5．她对乡下单调的生活感到厌倦，渴望走出去。 ①She was tired of the boring life in the countryside and desired to go out． ②She was tired of the boring life in the countryside and had a desire to go out． Ⅳ.课文语法填空(每题1分，共10分) Dr Richard Fairhurst，1.whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published，is being interviewed. The four great 2.inventions (invention) in Ancient China：gunpowder，papermaking，printing and the compass—changed the world forever.Then there were the great Western inventions：the steam engine，the telephone and the radio.And now，we find 3.ourselves (we) in the great new age of technology. Dr Richard says most of the new great inventions are tech­based.In addition，important advances 4.have been made (make) in medicine and 5.environmental (environment) science thanks to increasing computer power.For example，new inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.In terms of the environment, 6.it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.It is capable 7.of using GPS technology to travel to different places，with computing technology 8.controlling (control) its “legs”．What's more，huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco­friendly，too.But 9.what remains important is that we have an incredible desire 10.to think (think) and create. Ⅰ.阅读理解(每题5分，共35分) A When searching for something fun and educational to do in Maryland，why not visit the Maryland Science Center? It is located at 601 Light Street，Baltimore.The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.Click here for more information. Introduction The Maryland Science Center is basically a museum，but it gives everyone a chance to learn through experience and play，rather than just glance at an exhibit. Activities You can learn about various topics，including outer space，the human body，dinosaurs，electricity，marine (海洋的) biology，energy，and much more.You can also take part in the interactive activities，such as racing bubbles，digging for dinosaur fossils，using puzzle pieces to construct cars，and so much more. The Davis Planetarium At the Davis Planetarium，you can be back in a chair and look at the stars while still inside the Science Center.The stars will appear on the ceiling of the theatre as you watch them. There are different shows to catch at the Davis Planetarium.You can learn about the galaxy and astronomy during the Dark Matters Show.Learn about the stars and planets during the Sky Live Show.The One World One Sky Show allows children to explore the stars.The Live from the Sun Show will teach you all about the hot sun. The Kids Room For children，they can't miss the Kids Room.They will be able to play in a water area，construct dams and water towers，push buttons，ring doorbells，build with blocks，and more，and definitely they will learn a lot.In addition，there is also an area for kids of two years old and under，where they can crawl，walk and explore safely with soft toys. [语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了集娱乐和教育功能于一体的旅游胜地——马里兰科学中心。 1．What do we know about the Maryland Science Center? A．It charges different prices for adults and kids. B．It is regarded as the most popular museum in Maryland. C．It is a museum where there are many famous exhibitions. D．It is mainly designed for children and their families to play together. 解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“The ticket prices vary depending on ages，groups and the exhibits you choose.”可知，马里兰科学中心对成人和儿童收取不同的费用。故选A。 2．If you want to know why the sun shines，which show should you choose? A．The Dark Matters Show. B．The Sky Live Show. C．The Live from the Sun Show. D．The One World One Sky Show. 解析：选C。细节理解题。根据The Davis Planetarium中“The Live from the Sun show will teach you all about the hot sun.”可知，如果你想知道为什么太阳会发光，可以选择The Live from the Sun show，故选C。 3．Where is the text probably taken from? A．A travel website. B．An academic column. C．An educational magazine. D．An online advertisement. 解析：选A。文章出处题。阅读全文并根据第一段“Click here for more information.”可知，本文主要介绍了既可以娱乐又有教育意义的旅游胜地——马里兰科学中心。由此可知，文章可能出自一个旅游网站。故选A。 B Science museums are amazing.You can learn so much at a science museum if you live close enough to one to visit on family outings or school trips.In fact，12 of the 20 most visited museums in the U．S.are science museums according to USA Today. “If you don't live in or near a large city，you may not get a chance to visit a science museum or any museum.So，while the content is vitally important，their impact is limited.There just aren't enough science museums，” said Charles Philipp，one of the founders of MICRO，“and with the high costs required to run conventional museums，it's unlikely that we'll be seeing a bunch of new traditional science museums appearing all over the country anytime soon.” Philipp and his partner Amanda Schochet decided to reinvent science museums by micro­sizing them.They launched MICRO，a non­profit organization that builds tiny six­foot­tall—about the size of a typical vending machine (自动售卖机)—science museums that are portable and replicable (可复制的).The plan is to engage people of all ages with science and to do it completely free in places where people are，such as waiting rooms of hospitals，libraries，airports，and even shopping malls. To make the museums a reality，they gathered a team of engineers，storytellers，and designers.MICRO's museums are site­tested and lasting.Each of the micro museums explores a scientific topic.For example，the Smallest Mollusk (软体动物) Museum explores the world of mollusks and is actually the only museum devoted only to mollusks；the Perpetual Motion Museum focuses on physics and engineering.New museums are planned to explore fun topics in the science. “Our goal is that within five years，we will actually be the most visited museums in the country，” Schochet said，“Our museums are very small，but our dreams for this are huge.” Hopefully one will come to a neighborhood near you soon. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了查尔斯·菲利普计划创建更多微型科学博物馆，使人们更容易接触到科学博物馆并学习科学知识。 4．What did Charles Philipp say about traditional science museums? A．They are limited in content. B．They are expensive to manage. C．They are located far from urban areas. D．They are springing up all over the U．S. 解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...and with the high costs required to run conventional museums...”可知，查尔斯·菲利普认为维持传统科学博物馆很昂贵。故选B。 5．What is MICRO aimed at? A．Helping the public get access to mollusks. B．Making visits to science museums affordable. C．Building vending machines in science museums. D．Making science museums easily accessible to more people. 解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，MICRO的目标是让更多的人可以很容易接触到科学博物馆。故选D。 6．Why are the two museums mentioned in Paragraph 4? A．To explain every micro museum has a different theme. B．To show they are the most visited museums in the U．S. C．To stress they are the wisdom of people from all walks of life. D．To indicate every micro museum tends to have a different size. 解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Each of the micro museums explores a scientific topic.”及下文的举例可推断，本段提到这两个博物馆是为了说明每个微型博物馆都有不同的主题。故选A。 7．What would be the best title for this text? A．Traditional Museums Remain Irreplaceable B．Science Museums Regain Their Popularity C．Micro Science Museums Have Big Ideas D．Popular Science Museums Meet a Big Challenge 解析：选C。标题归纳题。根据最后一段中Schochet说的话及全文可知，文章主要介绍了查尔斯·菲利普计划创建更多微型科学博物馆，使人们更容易接触到科学博物馆并学习科学知识。所以C项(微型科学博物馆有大想法)作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每题2分，共10分) As people around me know，I love science very much.Some people don't quite understand why and they find it strange that some people love science so much.1. Schoolchildren are not encouraged to think about and explore the science world，and many children don't love science because they are given boring homework. There is a part of science that isn't often provided at school.It is to get schoolchildren to think why something works in a certain way.2. What science means to me is not only explaining why things work in a certain way or providing answers for rather simple things，but also it allows my mind to wander (漫游)，which helps me a lot.3. It is as if a flood of images about all sorts of possibilities come into my mind and I finally choose the right one.Sometimes，when I have truly understood something，the hair on the back of my neck stands up. I often educate myself on many matters of science，and the beauty of it is that I understand how so much of it all works.4. I am able to really understand the explanation behind things，as well. 5． There are so many opportunities，so many things unknown，and I want to be a part of it all.It is what makes me happy.To understand it all，to look at something and know how it works in detail and to get a better picture of the workings of the world—it is truly exciting. A．Interest is the best teacher. B．For me，science is how I understand the world. C．I do not only remember the existing knowledge. D．I think that a large part of it comes with how science is taught at school. E．If students do this often，they may become interested in science step by step. F．It is quite difficult for us to imagine what the world will be like in the future. G．One of the greatest benefits is when I learn about a complex theory and understand it. [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者对科学的喜爱以及科学对作者的意义和影响。 1．解析：选D。下文“Schoolchildren are not encouraged to think about and explore the science world，and many children don't love science because they are given boring homework.”说明学生是否喜欢科学与学校的鼓励和教学方式存在较大关联。D选项符合文意。故选D。 2．解析：选E。上文“It is to get schoolchildren to think why something works in a certain way.”说明经常让学生们思考事物运作的原因会慢慢地培养出他们对科学的兴趣。E选项中的this指代上文中的“思考事物运作的原因”这件事，符合文意。故选E。 3．解析：选G。本空上文说明科学对作者有积极影响，下文“Sometimes，when I have truly understood something，the hair on the back of my neck stands up.”说明科学可以让作者真正地理解一件事。G选项中“benefits”与上文呼应，“understand”与下文呼应，符合文意。故选G。 4．解析：选C。上文“I often educate myself on many matters of science，and the beauty of it is that I understand how so much of it all works.”说明作者可以学到知识，下文“I am able to really understand the explanation behind things，as well.”说明作者不仅仅可以学到知识，还可以理解事物背后的原因。C选项符合文意，not only呼应下文的as well。故选C。 5．解析：选B。下文“To understand it all，to look at something and know how it works in detail and to get a better picture of the workings of the world—it is truly exciting.”说明学习科学是作者了解世界运行的一种方式。B选项“对我来说，科学是我理解世界的方式”符合文意并能引出下文，understand是关键词。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$