课文助读(7) Reading and Thinking-【正禾一本通】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义晨背晚默（人教版2019）

课文助读(七) Reading for Writing 教材原文助读 ◎ ①look up 仰望 ②vehicle n．交通工具；车辆 ③carry...into space 携带……进入太空 ④come true 实现，(愿望、梦想等)成真 ⑤determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 determine vt.查明；确定；决定 be determined to do sth 决意要做某事 ⑥satellite n．人造卫星；卫星 ⑦launch n．& vt.发射；发起；上市 ⑧orbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vi.& vt.沿轨 道运行、环绕……运行 ⑨focus on 专注于 ⑩giant adj.巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人 ⑪leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变 vi.& vt.跳过；跃过 ⑫mankind n．人类 ⑬agency n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 ⑭transmit vi.& vt.传输；发送 ⑮data n．[pl.]资料；数据 ⑯make sure 确保 ⑰go wrong 出毛病；弄错；发生故障 ⑱disappointment n．失望；沮丧 disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的 ⑲desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 the desire to do sth 做某事的欲望 ⑳carry on 继续做，坚持干 ㉑make great progress 取得巨大进步 ㉒independent adj.独立的；自立的 independently adv.独立地；自立地 ㉓spacecraft n．航天器；宇宙飞船 ㉔spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间 ㉕jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器 ㉖signal vi.& vt.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志 ◎ SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIER “Are we alone? What's out there？” People have always looked up① at the stars and wondered about space.Today, scientists design vehicles② to carry astronauts into space③ to make important discoveries④.[1]Space exploration has come a long way, and we now hope to discover other planets that are suitable enough to support life. [1]句中 that 引导定语从句。 [2]Before the mid­20th century, most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true④. However, some scientists were determined⑤ to help humans realise that dream.[3]After many experiments, they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite⑥ was launched⑦ by the USSR and successfully orbited⑧ around Earth.Afterwards, the USSR focused on⑨ sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon, famously saying, “That's one small step for [a] man, one giant⑩ leap⑪ for mankind⑫.” Following this, there were many more important space achievements.For example, on 5 September 1977, America's NASA space agency⑬ launched Voyager 1 to study deep space, and it still transmits⑭ data⑮ to this day.And the International space station (1988) has provided a continuous human presence in space, with astronauts from many different countries on board. [2] felt后是省略了that的宾语从句，其中travelling into space为宾语从句的主语。 [3]句中that引导定语从句。 [4]Although scientists try to make sure⑯ nothing goes wrong⑰， accidents can still happen. For example, all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11, Challenger and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions.However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment⑱， the desire⑲ to explore the universe did not die.[5]This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on⑳ space exploration despite the huge risks. [4]although引导让步状语从句，其中make sure后是省略了that的宾语从句。 [5]句中because引导表语从句。 China's space programme started later than those of Russia and the US, but it has made great progress㉑ in a short time.[6]China became the third country in the world to independently㉒ send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft㉓. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk㉔， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information.And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station.In 2022, the launch of the Mengtain module signalledB26 the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe. [6]句中to independently send humans into space in 2003作the third country的后置定语，when引导非限制性定语从句。 The future of space exploration remains bright.Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.[7]Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. [7]句中 that 引导定语从句。 ◎ 太空：最后的边境 “我们是孤独的吗？外面还有什么？”人们总是仰望星空对太空充满疑惑，如今，科学家们研制出飞行器将宇航员送入太空，去做出重大发现。太空探索已经取得重大进展，我们现在希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。 在20世纪中叶之前，大多数人都认为进入太空是不可能实现的梦想。然而，一些科学家决意要帮助人类实现探索太空的梦想。经过多次实验，他们成功制造出能逃脱地球引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，苏联发射了人造卫星“旅伴一号”，并成功环绕地球运行。此后，苏联将重点放在载人太空飞行，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。八年后的1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，他说过一句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对于人类来说，这是一次巨大飞跃。”此后，还有许多更重要的太空成就。例如，美国国家航空与航天局于1977年9月5日发射了“旅行者一号”，用于研究外太空，如今它仍在传输数据。国际空间站(1998年)搭载着来自不同国家的宇航员，为人类在太空持续驻留提供支持。 尽管科学家努力确保万无一失，但是意外还是时有发生。苏联“联盟11号”、美国“挑战者”号和“哥伦比亚号”航天飞机上的所有宇航员都在执行任务时死亡。这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的渴望却从未停止过。是因为哪怕面临巨大的风险，人们依然坚信太空探索的重要性。 中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但中国在短时间内取得了巨大进展。2003年，杨利伟乘坐“神舟五号”宇宙飞船成功绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个实现载人航天的国家。此后，神舟六号和七号分别完成了第二次载人飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，随后，“玉兔”号月球车被送上月球，开展地球表面研究。2020年7月23日，中国发射“天问一号”进行火星探索。它于2021年2月成功着陆火星，并带回许多宝贵信息。2021年至2022年，中国完成了多次火箭发射任务，建立了自己的空间站。2022年，“梦天”实验舱成功发射，标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。这个现代化的空间站将允许宇航员进行许多重要实验，大大加深了我们对宇宙的了解。 太空探索的未来依然光明。许多国家都计划进一步研究和探索火星和木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望可以做出更有价值的发现，能帮助人类更好地在未来生存。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$