专题13 主从复合句（宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句）-备战2025年中考必考题型考前专项突破（名校最新模拟+真题演练）

备战2025年中考必考题型考前专项突破 专题13 主从复合句（宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句） 考点一 宾语从句 考向一: 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 考向二: 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 考向三: 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was. 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替； 特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。 主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。 that引导的宾语从句 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法 1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　 She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如： I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 【特别提醒】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如： The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。 【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略： That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。 4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略； We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如： He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如： I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如： We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。 6. 宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： ①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening. 【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now. 【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now. 【特别警示】 含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如： I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如： It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。 疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 主句 宾语从句 Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗? I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? → We want to know what has happened to him. if/whether引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。 【拓展】 一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。 1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。 I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。 I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。 Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。 Whether to go or stay is still a question. 3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。 It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。 Success depends on whether we make enough effort. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. 4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。 Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know. Whether this is true, I can’t say. 5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。 We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气） We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气） 6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。 He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。 考点二 状语从句 1.状语从句分类及引导词 分类 引导词 例句 时间 状语从句 when， while， as（当……时） before，after（在时间点前/后） since（自从） until（直到……为止） as soon as（一……就……） ①When I lived there， I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. ②Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away？ ③I’ll stay here before my mother comes back. ④After we finished tea， we all sat on the grass. ⑤It has been five years since I began to learn English. ⑥I’ll call you as soon as I get there. 条件 状语从句 if（如果） unless（如果不，除非） as long as（只要） If you don’t work hard， you’ll fall behind others. ＝Unless you work hard， you’ll fall behind others. 让步 状语从句 though/although（虽然，尽管，即使） even if/even though（即使） （though/although， even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，不能与but同时使用） whether...or not（不管……还是） whatever/wherever/whenever（无论什么/无论哪里/无论何时） Jeff still works hard though/although he has achieved great success. 杰夫虽然取得了很大的成功，但他仍然努力工作。 I’ll get there， even if I have to walk. 我就是走也要走到那儿去。 原因 状语从句 because， since， as （because，since，as均意为“因为”， 引导原因状语从句时放在句中，也可以放在句首，但是不可以和so连用；表示原因时as语气最弱） now that（既然） He didn’t attend the meeting because he was ill. 他没有参加会议，因为他病了。 Since everyone is here，let’s begin our meeting. 既然大家都到齐了，我们开始开会吧。 As rain has fallen，the air is cooler. 由于下了雨，空气比较凉爽。 How do you fill your day now that you’ve retired？既然你已经退休了，你如何打发你的日子？ 方式 状语从句 as（按照……方式） as if/though（似乎，好像） They did as I had asked. He looked around as if he was in search of something. 目的 状语从句 so that（以便；为了……） in order that（为了……） Tell me her address so that/in order that I can go and see her. 结果 状语从句 so...that...（如此……以至于……） （“so＋adj./adv.＋that从句”） such...that...（如此……以至于……） [“such（＋a/an）＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词（单）复数＋that从句”] It is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it. ＝It is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 2.状语从句的时态 （1）主将从现：在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。常用此类词（组）有：表时间的when， while， until， till， before， after， as soon as，以及表条件的if， unless， as long as等。如：When I am 18， I will learn to drive. （2）主祈/情从现：若主句是祈使句或含情态动词，从句用一般现在时表将来。如：If you work hard， you can pass the exam easily. （3）since引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：Twenty years has passed since I came here. 考点三 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词的用法； 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。 考向一: 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 考向二: 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 考向三: 关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。 The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。 【注意】1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 That is all that I want to say. 那就是我想要说的。 2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。 He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 This is the most wonderful film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最精彩的电影。 Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. 看这些苹果。你能看到你给我的那两个。 （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。 （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 （6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。 （7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。 3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 命题趋势： 定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。 中考考查重点： 关系代词的用法； 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系副词有when，where，why等 关系副词的基本用法 1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。 2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。 3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 【易错提醒】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where） 2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如： ☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。 ☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？ 【易错提醒】 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语） ☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语） 【速记口诀】 关系副词 关系副词when/where/why，从中作状莫懈怠； 时间用when原因why，地点where经常在； 关系副词可替换，介词加上关系代； 关系代，关系代，that与who要除外； 挑选介词要聪明，必看动词和先行； 聪明反被聪明误，只因乱用关系副； 关系副，关系副，定缺主宾它不住； 它不住，它不住，关系代词来玩酷。 三、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常必须有逗号隔开。 Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present. 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。 2、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。 That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。 3、除which外，还可用when， where， who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。 After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。 【注意】that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 4、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。 名校最新模拟 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—What did Li Hua say to you just now? —He asked me ________. A．how could he get to the National Museum by underground B．that he will get to the National Museum by underground C．whether he could get to the National Museum by underground D．how long can he get to the National Museum by underground 2．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Do you know ______ Hongmeng OS was first released? —In 2019, as an alternative to Android. A．when B．where C．why D．how 3．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ______? —Through strict training and perseverance. A．how Zhang Xiaoping achieved success B．why she chose boxing C．when her next match is D．where she received training 4．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）—The smart watches can tell parents ________. —So the children won’t get lost easily. A．how their children are B．what their children like C．where their children are D．whom their children like 5．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The famous saying “Many hands make light work” tells us _______. A．who can help people pull together B．how important teamwork is C．when should people pull together D．why people use hands to 6．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________, we won’t go hiking. A．will rain; rains B．will rain; will rain C．rains; rains D．rains; will rain 7．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—Could you tell me how long ________ the book? —For two weeks. A．I can borrow B．can I borrow C．I can keep D．can I keep 8．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—I’m not sure ________ he will come to my party tomorrow. —If he ________, I’ll be very happy. A．whether; comes B．if; will come C．whether; will come D．that; comes 9．（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）—I wonder _______. —I’m not sure. Maybe in a few months. A．how long will the high-speed railway be completed B．how soon will the high-speed railway be completed C．how long the high-speed railway will be completed D．how soon the high-speed railway will be completed 10．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—I’m planning to take a trip to Paris. Do you know ________? —It usually rains a lot. You’d better take an umbrella. A．what the weather is like there B．how the weather is like there C．what is the weather like there D．how is the weather there 11．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The idiom (成语) “Repair the house before it rains” tells us ________. A．who should repair the house B．what we can do before it rains C．how can we learn from our mistakes D．when we should prepare for a new project 12．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．is traveling 13．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________? —Sure, the quantum communication system ensures data security. A．how does the quantum technology work B．how the quantum technology works C．when was the technology developed D．when the technology was developed 14．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—I wonder ________. —Sure, Mr.Smith is bound to come. A．whether he will come B．how will he come C．when has he come D．why he will come 15．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）________ there is life, there is hope. A．When B．Which C．Where D．That 16．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）We should protect the environment ________ we can live a better life. A．so that B．even though C．as soon as D．as long as 17．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—When will we fly the kite? —As soon as your homework is finished, I ________ go there with you. A．go B．will go C．going 18．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）________ we do, we’ll be lost. A．If B．Thanks to C．Due to D．Unless 19．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）Time waits for no man, but some people will never realize the value of time ________ it’s gone. A．until B．since C．as long as D．as soon as 20．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）Remember to keep the kids ________ we can see them. A．which B．where C．when D．who 21．（2025·江西·模拟预测）I couldn’t wait to share it with my parents ______ I got the exciting news. A．until B．as soon as C．because D．though 22．（2025·江苏南通·一模）________ it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors. A．If B．When C．Because D．While 23．（2025·福建泉州·一模）_______ Cai Guoqiang has achieved great success, he still works very hard. A．If B．Though C．Because 24．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）Draw a line ________ you can pay attention to this word when you review the lessons. A．so that B．because of C．even though D．as if 25．（2025·福建泉州·一模）________ you keep English diaries as a habit, your writing skill will be developed. A．As long as B．Even though C．In order that 26．（2025·四川成都·一模）To make paper cutting, we need to fold the paper ________ it is cut with scissors. A．before B．so C．although 27．（2025·福建三明·一模）________ you get the news of the girl, please tell her parents as soon as possible. A．Once B．Until C．Although 28．（2025·广东江门·二模）Mother was so angry at all ________ I was doing ________ she walked out. A．that; that B．what; that C．what; as D．that; which 29．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）We may face serious problems _______ we take better care of the Earth. A．if B．unless C．though D．as 30．（24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末）We have seen much convenience ________ AI came into use. A．since B．until C．if 31．（2025·上海闵行·一模）Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping. A．because B．unless C．until D．though 32．（2024·江苏镇江·一模）—It is said that the famous snack smelly toufu in Changsha tastes strange! —________ we have been here, why not give it a try? A．Since B．When C．If D．Though 33．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The Hongmeng OS, ______ offers seamless connectivity between devices, is popular among tech enthusiasts. A．which B．who C．what D．where 34．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）The book ________ I read last night was really exciting. A．that B．who C．what D．whose 35．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）My favorite movie is Ne Zha (《哪吒》) by Jiao Zi ________ is one of the most famous film directors in China. A．which B．who C．whose 36．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The cultural heritage exhibition, ________ features Hui embroidery and bamboo carving, attracted thousands of visitors. A．which B．who C．where D．when 37．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 38．（2025·江西·模拟预测）If you want to improve your study grades. You must know two kinds of education. One is taught by others, and ________ is more important, ________ he learns by himself. A．other; that B．the other; which C．other; which D．the others; that 39．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 40．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The new expressway section in Anhui, ________ was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities. A．which B．who C．where D．when 真题演练 41．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 42．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 43．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 44．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 45．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 46．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 47．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________. A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad 48．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 49．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 50．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 51．（2024·四川·中考真题）—Why are you late for class? —________ my alarm clock didn’t go off this morning. A．So B．Because C．However D．Unless 52．（2024·海南·中考真题）—Betty, you will miss the school bus ________ you don’t get up early tomorrow morning. —I won’t, Dad. A．so that B．if C．though 53．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）— Lily, ________ you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father. —OK, Lucy. Tomorrow is Father’s birthday. I almost forgot it. A．until B．if C．unless 54．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 55．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Don’t forget you are a Chinese, ________ you go. A．no matter what B．no matter how C．no matter where D．no matter when 56．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 57．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 58．（2024·吉林·中考真题）Bob watches the news every night _________ he wonders what’s going on around the world. A．although B．because C．unless 59．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—How long have you been in Qiqihar? —________ my father came here to work five years ago. A．When B．While C．Since 60．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A．until B．if C．because D．unless 61．（2024·海南·中考真题）From the poster, we can know ________. A．who works in the school library B．when we can go to the Book Club C．how we can get to the school library 62．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Can you tell me ________? —She is a doctor. A．what your sister’s job is B．how your sister goes to work C．where your sister comes from 63．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive. A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill 64．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—I don’t know ________. —Let’s ask the locals here. A．when will the exam start B．if this is the right way to the station C．where is he going D．why you didn’t show up 65．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Sorry, I have no idea. A．that we will have to put off the meeting B．if we would put off the meeting C．whether we will put off the meeting D．where we will put off the meeting 66．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Miss Zhang wonders ________ next Monday. A．where she will go swimming B．where will she go swimming C．where she would go swimming D．where would she go swimming 67．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________. A．where can I buy one B．that it cost thirty-five yuan C．when you will finish reading it D．who you will borrow one from 68．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A．how will I go to Suqian Museum B．how I will go to Suqian Museum C．whether will I go to Suqian Museum D．whether I will go to Suqian Museum 69．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A．when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 70．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______? —Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first? A．where can I buy a home robot B．where I can buy a home robot C．how can I turn the home robot on D．how I can turn the home robot on 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 备战2025年中考必考题型考前专项突破 专题13 主从复合句（宾语从句、状语从句和定语从句） 考点一 宾语从句 考向一: 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。 He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。 Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is? I don’t know why the train is late. 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。if和whether在句中的意思是＂是否＂。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 考向二: 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 1. 陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。 He is an honest boy. The teacher said. → The teacher said(that) he was an honest boy. 2. 一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。 Does he work hard? I wonder. → I wonder if/whether he works hard. 考向三: 宾语从句主句与从句时态一致的问题。 1. 如果主句是现在的某种时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。 I remember he gave me a book yesterday. He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow. I don’t think (that) you are right. Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station? 2. 如果主句是过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时），那么宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。 He told me that he would take part in the high jump. He asked what time it was. 3. 如果宾语从句表示的是客观事实或真理，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时态。 Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否(if，whether)替； 特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。 主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。 that引导的宾语从句 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 一、that 引导的宾语从句的用法 1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　 She says that she will help me learn English this evening. 她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如： I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 【特别提醒】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如： The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 3. 引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。 【注意】有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略： That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。 4. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： that在引导宾语从句时，并不是在任何情况下都可以省略，在以下几种情况下，that不能省略。 ①从句的主语是that时，that不能省略； We know that is an interesting film. 我们知道那是一部有趣的电影。 ②and连接的两个表示陈述意义的宾语从句并列时，有时省去第一个从句的连词that，但第二个从句的连词that一般不可以省略。如： He told me (that) they could not decide what to do and that they asked my advice. 他告诉我他们决定不了去做什么并且问了我的意见。 ③that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如： I know nothing about him except that he is from the south. 对他我一无所知，只知道他是南方人。 5. 如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如： We thought it strange that Xiao Zhang did not come yesterday. 小张昨天没来，我们觉得很奇怪。 6. 宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： ①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening. 【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now. 【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now. 【特别警示】 含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如： I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 7. 如果宾语从句中含有否定意义的副词或形容词。如：hardly，never，seldom，no，few，little等，其反意疑问句要用肯定形式。如： We find that he seldom goes to visit his mother, does he? 我们发现他不常看望他的妈妈，是吗？ 8. that引导的宾语从句变成被动语态时，只变主句，不变从句。实际上，我们经常把It is said that ...（据说……）；It is known that ...（众所周知……）；It is reported that ...（据报告……）等当作固定句式来运用。如： It is said that he is from Canada. 据说他来自加拿大。 疑问词引导的宾语从句 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 主句 宾语从句 Do you know how old Liz is? 你知道兹几岁吗? I know how old Liz is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 I don’t know how old Liz is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Liz is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? → We want to know what has happened to him. if/whether引导的宾语从句 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Alice wants to know if/whether she has passed the exam. 爱丽丝想知道她是否考试及格了。 Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 I want to know if (whether) he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在这儿。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。 【拓展】 一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。 1. 与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。 I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。 I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. Let me know whether you can come or not. 2. 在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 He dosen’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。 Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。 Whether to go or stay is still a question. 3. 在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。 It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。 Success depends on whether we make enough effort. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. 4. 宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。 Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know. Whether this is true, I can’t say. 5. 在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。 We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气） We discussed whether we should go there by plane.（虚拟语气） 6. 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。 He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。 考点二 状语从句 1.状语从句分类及引导词 分类 引导词 例句 时间 状语从句 when， while， as（当……时） before，after（在时间点前/后） since（自从） until（直到……为止） as soon as（一……就……） ①When I lived there， I used to go to the seashore on Sundays. ②Can you look after my pet dog while I’m away？ ③I’ll stay here before my mother comes back. ④After we finished tea， we all sat on the grass. ⑤It has been five years since I began to learn English. ⑥I’ll call you as soon as I get there. 条件 状语从句 if（如果） unless（如果不，除非） as long as（只要） If you don’t work hard， you’ll fall behind others. ＝Unless you work hard， you’ll fall behind others. 让步 状语从句 though/although（虽然，尽管，即使） even if/even though（即使） （though/although， even if/even though引导让步状语从句时，不能与but同时使用） whether...or not（不管……还是） whatever/wherever/whenever（无论什么/无论哪里/无论何时） Jeff still works hard though/although he has achieved great success. 杰夫虽然取得了很大的成功，但他仍然努力工作。 I’ll get there， even if I have to walk. 我就是走也要走到那儿去。 原因 状语从句 because， since， as （because，since，as均意为“因为”， 引导原因状语从句时放在句中，也可以放在句首，但是不可以和so连用；表示原因时as语气最弱） now that（既然） He didn’t attend the meeting because he was ill. 他没有参加会议，因为他病了。 Since everyone is here，let’s begin our meeting. 既然大家都到齐了，我们开始开会吧。 As rain has fallen，the air is cooler. 由于下了雨，空气比较凉爽。 How do you fill your day now that you’ve retired？既然你已经退休了，你如何打发你的日子？ 方式 状语从句 as（按照……方式） as if/though（似乎，好像） They did as I had asked. He looked around as if he was in search of something. 目的 状语从句 so that（以便；为了……） in order that（为了……） Tell me her address so that/in order that I can go and see her. 结果 状语从句 so...that...（如此……以至于……） （“so＋adj./adv.＋that从句”） such...that...（如此……以至于……） [“such（＋a/an）＋adj.＋不可数名词/可数名词（单）复数＋that从句”] It is so interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it. ＝It is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it. 2.状语从句的时态 （1）主将从现：在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。常用此类词（组）有：表时间的when， while， until， till， before， after， as soon as，以及表条件的if， unless， as long as等。如：When I am 18， I will learn to drive. （2）主祈/情从现：若主句是祈使句或含情态动词，从句用一般现在时表将来。如：If you work hard， you can pass the exam easily. （3）since引导的时间状语从句，主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。如：Twenty years has passed since I came here. 考点三 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词的用法； 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。 考向一: 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 考向二: 定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 考向三: 关系代词的基本用法 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 who/that who/whom/that/省略 whose 指物 which/that which/that/省略 The man who/that spoke at the meeting is from Hong Kong. 会上发言的人来自香港。 The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。 【注意】1. 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致。 He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. 他是喜欢打篮球的男孩子之一。 He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball. 他就是那个喜欢打篮球的男孩子。 2. 通常在以下六种情况下只能用that而不能用which： （1）先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等代词时。 That is all that I want to say. 那就是我想要说的。 2）先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.。 He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 This is the most wonderful film that I have seen. 这是我看过的最精彩的电影。 Look at the apples. You can see the two that you gave me. 看这些苹果。你能看到你给我的那两个。 （3）以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that。 Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？ （4）先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which。 This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 Mr. Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。 （5）先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which。 We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited. 我们访问过的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。 I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 （6）先行词在主句中作表语，或关系代词在从句中作表语时。 It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你很有帮助的书。 （7）主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。 3. 关系词只能用which，而不用that的情况： （1）先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that。 What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？ （2）关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that。 This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 （3）引导非限制性定语从句，用which，而不用that。 Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 命题趋势： 定语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查定语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子。阅读理解和书面表达肯定也会考查到定语从句。因此学生要熟练掌握定语从句的用法。关系代词引导的定语从句最为常见和常考。 中考考查重点： 关系代词的用法； 在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 关系副词有when，where，why等 关系副词的基本用法 1. when在句中作状语，表示时间。 He remembers the day when he joined the League. 他记得他入团那天。 This was the time when he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。 2. where在句中作状语，表示地点。 This is the place where Lu Xun was born. 这就是鲁迅出生的地方。 This is the place where he works. 这是他工作的地点。 3. why在句中作状语，表示原因。 This is the reason why he is late today. 这就是他今天迟到的原因。 Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。 【易错提醒】 1. 当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago. 这是我爷爷在40年前建造的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以要用which/that，而不用where） 2. 当position，point，case，stage，situation，atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导。如： ☛It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently. 把孩子们放在一个能够让他们从不同角度看待自己的环境中对他们很有帮助。 3. 关系副词why指原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason。 ☛Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our help? 这是他拒绝我们帮助的理由吗？ 【易错提醒】 当先行词是时间名词时，既可以用when引导定语从句，也可以用that或which引导定语从句，关键要看关系词在从句中作何种成分。若关系词在定语从句中充当状语，用when引导；若关系词在从句中充当主语或宾语，则用that或which引导。如： ☛Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语） ☛Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that或which作spent的宾语） 【速记口诀】 关系副词 关系副词when/where/why，从中作状莫懈怠； 时间用when原因why，地点where经常在； 关系副词可替换，介词加上关系代； 关系代，关系代，that与who要除外； 挑选介词要聪明，必看动词和先行； 聪明反被聪明误，只因乱用关系副； 关系副，关系副，定缺主宾它不住； 它不住，它不住，关系代词来玩酷。 三、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常必须有逗号隔开。 Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam, which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present. 最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。 2、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。 That Peter will marry Alice, which has not been announced yet, has spread around. 彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。 3、除which外，还可用when， where， who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。 After graduation, I decided to stay in Chongqing, where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。 【注意】that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 4、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略；但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。 名校最新模拟 1．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—What did Li Hua say to you just now? —He asked me ________. A．how could he get to the National Museum by underground B．that he will get to the National Museum by underground C．whether he could get to the National Museum by underground D．how long can he get to the National Museum by underground 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——李华刚才对你说了什么？——他问我是否可以通过地铁到达国家博物馆。 考查宾语从句。句中缺少宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除ABD。此处用whether he could get to the National Museum by underground表示“是否可以通过地铁到达国家博物馆”。故选C。 2．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Do you know ______ Hongmeng OS was first released? —In 2019, as an alternative to Android. A．when B．where C．why D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你知道鸿蒙操作系统是什么时候首次发布的吗？——2019年，作为安卓的替代品。 考查宾语从句。when什么时候；where哪里；why为什么；how如何。根据回答“In 2019 as an alternative to Android”可知，问题询问的是时间。故选A。 3．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ______? —Through strict training and perseverance. A．how Zhang Xiaoping achieved success B．why she chose boxing C．when her next match is D．where she received training 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我张小平是如何取得成功的吗？——通过严格的训练和坚持不懈。    考查宾语从句。根据答句“Through strict training and perseverance”可知，问句询问的是“如何取得成功”的方式，因此正确答案应与成功的方式相关。A选项“how Zhang Xiaoping achieved success”符合题意，故选A。 4．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）—The smart watches can tell parents ________. —So the children won’t get lost easily. A．how their children are B．what their children like C．where their children are D．whom their children like 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——智能手表可以告诉父母他们的孩子在哪里。——所以孩子们不会轻易迷路。 考查宾语从句。how their children are他们的孩子怎么样；what their children like他们的孩子喜欢什么；where their children are他们的孩子在哪里；whom their children like他们的孩子喜欢谁。根据“So the children won’t get lost easily.”可知，此处是说智能手表可以告诉父母他们的孩子在哪里，所以应该用where their children are。故选C。 5．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The famous saying “Many hands make light work” tells us _______. A．who can help people pull together B．how important teamwork is C．when should people pull together D．why people use hands to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这句著名的谚语“众人拾柴火焰高”告诉我们什么团队合作的重要性。 考查宾语从句和谚语。宾语从句应用陈述语序，由此可先排除C项。“众人拾柴火焰高”这句话表示团队合作的重要性。故选B。 6．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）I don’t know if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________, we won’t go hiking. A．will rain; rains B．will rain; will rain C．rains; rains D．rains; will rain 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我不知道明天是否会下雨。如果下雨，我们就不去远足了。 考查动词的时态。第一句if引导宾语从句，根据“tomorrow”可知，句子是一般将来时；第二句if引导条件状语从句，符合“主将从现”原则，从句用一般现在时，主语是it，动词用三单形式。故选A。 7．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—Could you tell me how long ________ the book? —For two weeks. A．I can borrow B．can I borrow C．I can keep D．can I keep 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我我可以借这本书多长时间吗？——两周。 考查宾语从句。根据“Could you tell me...”可知，此处是一个宾语从句。在宾语从句中，需要使用陈述语序，即 “主语 + 谓语 + 其他” 的结构，排除选项B和D；根据答语“For two weeks.”可知，这是一个表示时间段的时间状语，borrow是短暂性动词，不能和how long连用；keep是延续性动词，可以和how long连用。故选C。 8．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—I’m not sure ________ he will come to my party tomorrow. —If he ________, I’ll be very happy. A．whether; comes B．if; will come C．whether; will come D．that; comes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我不确定他明天是否来我的派对。——如果他来，我将会很开心。 考查宾语从句的引导词辨析及动词时态。whether是否；comes来，一般现在时；if是否；will come将会来，一般将来时；that引导宾语从句，无实际意义。第一空：根据“I’m not sure...he will come to my party tomorrow.”可知，此处表示不确定他明天是否会来，用whether或if引导宾语从句，排除D项；第二空：根据“If he...I’ll be very happy.”可知，该句为if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用comes，排除B和C。故选A。 9．（2025·江苏连云港·模拟预测）—I wonder _______. —I’m not sure. Maybe in a few months. A．how long will the high-speed railway be completed B．how soon will the high-speed railway be completed C．how long the high-speed railway will be completed D．how soon the high-speed railway will be completed 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想知道这条高铁多久能建成。 ——我不确定。也许几个月后吧。 考查特殊疑问词及宾语从句的语序。how long多久，多长，询问时间或物品的长度；how soon多快，多久，询问某件事情需要多快或多久才能发生或完成，常用于一般将来时。结合“Maybe in a few months及语境可知，此处是对即将建成的高铁竣工时间提问，为一般将来时，应用“how soon”表示“多久”；且宾语从句为特殊疑问句时，其特殊疑问词后应用陈述句语序。故选D。 10．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）—I’m planning to take a trip to Paris. Do you know ________? —It usually rains a lot. You’d better take an umbrella. A．what the weather is like there B．how the weather is like there C．what is the weather like there D．how is the weather there 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我计划去巴黎旅行。你知道那里的天气怎么样吗？——那里经常下雨。你最好带把伞。 考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后，选项C和D均为疑问句，故排除；询问天气用What’s the weather like...?或How’s the weather...?，在宾语从句中，what the weather is like there语序正确。故选A。 11．（2025·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The idiom (成语) “Repair the house before it rains” tells us ________. A．who should repair the house B．what we can do before it rains C．how can we learn from our mistakes D．when we should prepare for a new project 【答案】D 【详解】句意：成语“未雨绸缪”告诉我们应该在什么时候为新项目做准备。 考查宾语从句。who should repair the house谁应该修理房子；what we can do before it rains下雨前我们能做什么；how can we learn from our mistakes我们如何从错误中学习；when we should prepare for a new project我们应该在什么时候为新项目做准备。根据“Repair the house before it rains”可知，成语“未雨绸缪”是告诉我们应该在什么时候为新项目做准备。故选D。 12．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）The teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound. A．travels B．traveled C．would travel D．is traveling 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。 考查动词时态。travel是动词，意为“旅行，传播”；宾语从句阐述的是科学事实，故用一般现在时。主语light是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故选A。 13．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Could you tell me ________? —Sure, the quantum communication system ensures data security. A．how does the quantum technology work B．how the quantum technology works C．when was the technology developed D．when the technology was developed 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我量子技术是如何工作的吗？——当然。量子通信系统确保了数据安全。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，排除AC；根据回答“the quantum communication system ensures data security.”可知回答是说量子技术是如何工作的，而不是回答时间。故选B。 14．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）—I wonder ________. —Sure, Mr.Smith is bound to come. A．whether he will come B．how will he come C．when has he come D．why he will come 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道他是否回来。——当然，史密斯先生一定会来的。 考查宾语从句。whether he will come他是否回来；how will he come他会怎样来；when has he come他什么时候来；why he will come他为什么会来。宾语从句遵循陈述语序原则，排除B、C；根据答语“Sure, Mr.Smith is bound to come.”可知，想知道“是否回来”，A项符合。故选A。 15．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）________ there is life, there is hope. A．When B．Which C．Where D．That 【答案】C 【详解】句意：有生命就有希望。 考查状语从句引导词。when当……时，引导时间状语从句；which用于疑问句或定语从句；where在……地方，引导地点状语从句；that通常引导名词性从句或强调句，无法连接状语从句。题目考查固定句型“Where there is…, there is…”，意为“哪里有……，哪里就有……”。where引导地点状语从句，表示在存在前者的地方就有后者。故选C。 16．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）We should protect the environment ________ we can live a better life. A．so that B．even though C．as soon as D．as long as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该保护环境，这样我们才能过上更好的生活。 考查连词辨析。so that为了，以便；even though尽管；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要。保护环境是为了过上更好的生活，应用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 17．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）—When will we fly the kite? —As soon as your homework is finished, I ________ go there with you. A．go B．will go C．going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们什么时候去放风筝呢？——你一完成作业，我就会和你一起去那儿放风筝。 考查时间状语从句。“as soon as”表示“一……就……”，当它引导时间状语从句时，若从句用一般现在时，主句要用一般将来时，遵循“主将从现”的原则，根据从句“your homework is finished”可知时态是一般现在时，故此处应用will go。故选B。 18．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）________ we do, we’ll be lost. A．If B．Thanks to C．Due to D．Unless 【答案】D 【详解】句意：除非我们做些什么，否则我们将会迷路。 考查连词辨析。if如果；thanks to多亏；due to由于；unless除非。根据“…we do, we’ll be lost.”可知，此处是指除非我们做些什么，否则我们将会迷路，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 19．（2025·安徽阜阳·一模）Time waits for no man, but some people will never realize the value of time ________ it’s gone. A．until B．since C．as long as D．as soon as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：时间不等人，但有些人直到时间逝去才意识到时间的价值。    考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；as long as只要；as soon as一……就……。根据“never realize the value of time...it’s gone”可知，此处表示“直到时间逝去才意识到时间的价值”，故选A。 20．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）Remember to keep the kids ________ we can see them. A．which B．where C．when D．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：记住要让孩子们待在我们能看到他们的地方。 考查从属连词辨析。which哪个，通常引导定语从句；where在……地方，引导地点状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；who谁，通常引导定语从句。根据“we can see them”可知，孩子们要在我们能看得到的地方，选择where引导地点状语从句。故选B。 21．（2025·江西·模拟预测）I couldn’t wait to share it with my parents ______ I got the exciting news. A．until B．as soon as C．because D．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我一得到这个令人兴奋的消息，就迫不及待地和父母分享了。 考查连词辨析和时间状语从句。until直到……为止；as soon as一……就……；because因为；though虽然，尽管。根据句意可知，此句是说一得到好消息就和父母分享。故选B。 22．（2025·江苏南通·一模）________ it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors. A．If B．When C．Because D．While 【答案】A 【详解】句意：如果明天下雨，我们将在室内举行聚会。 考查连词辨析。If如果；When当……时；Because因为；While然而。根据“it rains tomorrow, we will have the party indoors.”可知，此处应用if引导条件状语从句，表示如果下雨，就在室内举行聚会。故选A。 23．（2025·福建泉州·一模）_______ Cai Guoqiang has achieved great success, he still works very hard. A．If B．Though C．Because 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然蔡国强已经取得了巨大的成功，但他仍然非常努力地工作。 考查连词辨析。If如果；Though虽然；Because因为。根据“Cai Guoqiang has achieved great success, he still works very hard.”可知，是指虽然取得进步，但仍然努力工作，前后句是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选B。 24．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）Draw a line ________ you can pay attention to this word when you review the lessons. A．so that B．because of C．even though D．as if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：画一条线，以便你在复习时可以注意到这个词。考查连词辨析。so that以便；because of因为；even though尽管；as if好像。根据“Draw a line ... you can pay attention to this word when you review the lessons.”可知空后是画线的目的，用so that引导目的状语从句。故选A。 25．（2025·福建泉州·一模）________ you keep English diaries as a habit, your writing skill will be developed. A．As long as B．Even though C．In order that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：只要你养成写英语日记的习惯，你的写作技巧就会得到提高。 考查连词辨析。As long as只要；Even though虽然；In order that为了。根据“…you keep English diaries as a habit, your writing skill will be developed.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指只要某个条件被满足或特定的情况存在，就可以做某件事或达到某个目标，应用as long as引导条件状语从句。故选A。 26．（2025·四川成都·一模）To make paper cutting, we need to fold the paper ________ it is cut with scissors. A．before B．so C．although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：制作剪纸，在用剪刀剪开前，我们需要先将纸折叠。考查连词辨析。before在……之前；so所以；although尽管。根据“we need to fold the paper”和“it is cut with scissors”可知，剪纸是先折叠再用剪刀剪。故选A。 27．（2025·福建三明·一模）________ you get the news of the girl, please tell her parents as soon as possible. A．Once B．Until C．Although 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一旦你得到那个女孩的消息，请尽快告诉她的父母。 考查条件状语从句。Once一旦；Until直到；Although尽管。根据“... you get the news of the girl, please tell her parents as soon as possible.”可知，这句话是一个条件状语从句，表示“一旦得到消息”，故选A。 28．（2025·广东江门·二模）Mother was so angry at all ________ I was doing ________ she walked out. A．that; that B．what; that C．what; as D．that; which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：妈妈对我所做的一切都感到非常生气，以至于她气冲冲地走了。 考查定语从句和状语从句。分析句子可知，空格处到“doing”为定语从句，修饰先行词不定代词all，只能用that引导该定语从句，what不引导定语从句；第二个空是用在so…that…结构中，表示“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故选A。 29．（2025·上海浦东新·一模）We may face serious problems _______ we take better care of the Earth. A．if B．unless C．though D．as 【答案】B 【详解】句意：除非我们更好地保护地球，否则我们可能会面临严重的问题。 考查连词辨析。if如果；unless除非；though尽管；as因为，由于。分析句子结构可知，“we take better care of the Earth”是“We may face serious problems”的否定条件，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选B。 30．（24-25九年级上·福建福州·期末）We have seen much convenience ________ AI came into use. A．since B．until C．if 【答案】A 【详解】句意：自从AI投入使用，我们看到了很多便利。 考查连词辨析。since自从；until直到；if如果。根据“We have seen much convenience...AI came into use.”可知，since引导的句子，主句是现在完成时，从句是一般过去时，since“自从……”符合。故选A。 31．（2025·上海闵行·一模）Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us ________ he hates going shopping. A．because B．unless C．until D．though 【答案】D 【详解】句意：爸爸有时和我们一起去超市，尽管他讨厌去购物。 考查连词辨析。because因为；unless除非；until直到； though尽管。根据“Dad sometimes goes to the supermarket with us…he hates going shopping.”可知，空前和空后为让步关系，应用though表达“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。故选D。 32．（2024·江苏镇江·一模）—It is said that the famous snack smelly toufu in Changsha tastes strange! —________ we have been here, why not give it a try? A．Since B．When C．If D．Though 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——据说长沙有名的小吃臭豆腐吃起来怪怪的！——既然我们在这里，为什么不试试呢？ 考查连词辨析。Since既然；When当……时；If如果；Though虽然。根据“why not give it a try?”可知，此处是指既然我们在这里，为什么不去试试，用since引导原因状语从句。故选A。 33．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The Hongmeng OS, ______ offers seamless connectivity between devices, is popular among tech enthusiasts. A．which B．who C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：提供设备间无缝连接的鸿蒙操作系统深受科技爱好者的欢迎。考查定语从句。which指代物；who指代人；what不引导定语从句；where指代地点。根据“The Hongmeng OS…offers seamless connectivity between devices,”可知是描述鸿蒙操作系统的特性，鸿蒙操作系统是物，故选A。 34．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）The book ________ I read last night was really exciting. A．that B．who C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我昨晚读的书真的很令人兴奋。 考查定语从句。that引导从句，无实际意义；who谁；what什么，不引导定语从句；whose谁的。先行词是book，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词用that或which。故选A。 35．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）My favorite movie is Ne Zha (《哪吒》) by Jiao Zi ________ is one of the most famous film directors in China. A．which B．who C．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我最喜欢的电影是饺子导演的《哪吒》，他是中国最著名的电影导演之一。 考查定语从句关系词辨析。which一般用于指物的先行词；who一般用于指人的先行词；whose表示所属关系，意为“……的”。“Jiao Zi”是人名，在定语从句中作主语，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语时，关系词用who。故选B。 36．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The cultural heritage exhibition, ________ features Hui embroidery and bamboo carving, attracted thousands of visitors. A．which B．who C．where D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这场以徽绣和竹雕为特色的文化遗产展览吸引了成千上万的游客。 考查定语从句。which用于指代物或事；who用于指代人；where用于指代地点；when用于指代时间。此句为非限制性定语从句，句中需要填入一个关系代词，指代先行词The cultural heritage exhibition。先行词为事，用which。故选A。 37．（2025·甘肃·模拟预测）The teacher, ________ is well­-known for his kindness and patience, encourages us to be confident in solving problems. A．that B．who C．which D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个以亲切和耐心著称的老师，鼓励我们自信地解决问题。 考查who引导非限制性定语从句。that指代人或物，作主语或宾语；who代指人，作主语或宾语；which代指物，作主语或宾语；whom指代人，只能作宾语。分析句子可知，空白处需填入关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰“the teacher ”，指代“人”，作主语；而根据“is well-known for his kindness and patience”空前有逗号可知，该从句为非限制性定语从句，that不可引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。 38．（2025·江西·模拟预测）If you want to improve your study grades. You must know two kinds of education. One is taught by others, and ________ is more important, ________ he learns by himself. A．other; that B．the other; which C．other; which D．the others; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你想提高学习成绩，你必须了解两种教育。一种是由他人教授的，另一种更重要，是他自己学习的。考查不定代词和关系代词的用法。首先，句子中提到“two kinds of education”，因此第二种教育应使用the other“两者之中的另一个”来指代，one…the other…“一个……，另一个……”。其次，第二个空需要一个关系代词来引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the other，因此应使用which。故选B。 39．（2025·吉林·模拟预测）This is the most interesting book ________ I have ever read. A．which B．that C．what D．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这是我读过最有趣的书。 考查定语从句。先行词book被最高级the most interesting修饰，关系代词只能用that，不能用which，what不能引导定语从句，而who是指人，故选B。 40．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）The new expressway section in Anhui, ________ was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities. A．which B．who C．where D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：安徽上个月完工的新高速公路路段缩短了城市之间的旅行时间。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词为事物，作主语或宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，作主语或宾语；where哪里，表示地点，作状语；when什么时候，表示时间，作状语。根据句子结构“The new expressway section in Anhui, …was completed last month, has shortened the travel time between cities.”可知此空引导定语从句，先行词“The new expressway section”是事物，并且从句“…was completed last month”中缺少主语，应用“which”。故选A。 真题演练 41．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或那些成长在合适的家庭的人，而另一些人则认为成功主要取决于努力工作。 考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在句中作主语/宾语；whose谁的；which先行词是物，在句中作主语/宾语；whom先行词是人，在句中作宾语。本句是定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 42．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在困难时期，总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。 考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人，在从句中充当宾语；who先行词为人，在从句中充当主语；which先行词为物；whose先行词为人，在从句中充当定语。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，是人；根据先行词在从句中充当主语，所以用who引导。故选B。 43．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然我的祖父已经90多岁了，但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的那些人。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是“the people”，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用who引导定语从句。故选A。 44．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词dance performance指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，故选B。 45．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。 46．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。 考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。 47．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________. A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我感到很紧张，我该怎么办？——你最好听听能帮助你放松的音乐。 考查定语从句和情景交际。helps you relax帮你放松；you can dance你能跳舞；makes you sad让你伤心。分析句子可知，that后是定语从句，修饰名词music，B项语法上错误，应是you can dance to；结合“I feel so nervous, what should I do?”可知，空处给出的建议应是帮助对方消除紧张，所以A项符合语境，故选A。 48．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。 49．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达更喜欢能演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。 考查动词时态。根据“Linda prefers musicians who…”可知，时态为一般现在时；关系代词who代替先行词musicians，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应使用动词原形。故选A。 50．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。 51．（2024·四川·中考真题）—Why are you late for class? —________ my alarm clock didn’t go off this morning. A．So B．Because C．However D．Unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你为什么上课迟到？——因为我的闹钟今天早上没有响。 考查连词辨析。so所以；because因为；however然而；unless除非。根据“Why are you late for class?”可知此处回答原因，用because。故选B。 52．（2024·海南·中考真题）—Betty, you will miss the school bus ________ you don’t get up early tomorrow morning. —I won’t, Dad. A．so that B．if C．though 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——贝蒂，如果你明天早上不早点起床，你将错过校车。——不会的，爸爸。 考查条件状语从句。so that因此，通常引导目的状语从句；if如果，通常引导条件状语从句；though虽然，通常引导让步状语从句。根据句子时态和逻辑关系可知，事情并未发生，“you don’t get up early tomorrow morning”为“you will miss the school bus”假设条件。故选B。 53．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）— Lily, ________ you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father. —OK, Lucy. Tomorrow is Father’s birthday. I almost forgot it. A．until B．if C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——莉莉，如果你放学后有空，我们去商店给爸爸买份礼物吧。——好的，露西。明天是爸爸的生日，我差点忘了。考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；unless除非。根据“you are free after school, let’s go to the shop and buy a gift for Father.”可知，前句是后句的肯定条件，如果莉莉有时间，她们才能一起去买礼物，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。 54．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）If you are lazy in spring, you ________ nothing in autumn. A．harvested B．will harvest C．are harvesting D．have harvested 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你在春天懒惰，秋天你将一无所获。 考查动词时态。If引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，主句需用一般将来时，其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。 55．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Don’t forget you are a Chinese, ________ you go. A．no matter what B．no matter how C．no matter where D．no matter when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要忘记你是一个中国人，无论你去哪里。 考查让步状语从句。no matter what无论什么；no matter how无论如何；no matter where无论哪里；no matter when无论何时。根据“you go”可知，无论去哪里，不要忘记自己是中国人，故选C。 56．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ______ you often use them. A．when B．unless C．if D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：练习是非常重要的。如果你不经常使用生词，你就会忘记它们。 考查连词辨析。when当……时；unless除非；if如果；until直到。根据“You will forget the new words … you often use them.”可知，除非经常使用，否则会忘记的，故选B。 57．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Everyone loves my dog Coffee, ________ he often makes a mess at home. A．until B．since C．though D．whether 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每个人都喜欢我的狗Coffee，尽管它经常在家里弄得一团糟。 考查连词辨析。until直到；since自从；though尽管；whether是否。分析句子可知，虽然Coffee把家里弄得很乱，但是每个人都喜欢它，故用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 58．（2024·吉林·中考真题）Bob watches the news every night _________ he wonders what’s going on around the world. A．although B．because C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：鲍勃每天晚上都看新闻，因为他想知道世界各地发生了什么。 考查连词辨析。although尽管；because因为；unless除非。分析句子可知，鲍勃每天看新闻，是因为想知道世界各地发生了什么，后文表原因，用because连接。故选B。 59．（2024·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）—How long have you been in Qiqihar? —________ my father came here to work five years ago. A．When B．While C．Since 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你在齐齐哈尔多久了？——自从我父亲五年前来这里工作以来。 考查特殊疑问句及词汇辨析。When当……时；While当……时；Since自从。How long询问一段时间，可用“Since+一段时间+ago”回答。故选C。 60．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）Tom didn’t go to bed ________ his mother came back last night. A．until B．if C．because D．unless 【答案】A 【详解】句意：汤姆直到他妈妈昨晚回来才上床睡觉。 考查连词辨析。until直到；if如果；because因为；unless除非。分析句子可知，此处指汤姆直到妈妈回来才上床睡觉。not…until…“直到……才……”。故选A。 61．（2024·海南·中考真题）From the poster, we can know ________. A．who works in the school library B．when we can go to the Book Club C．how we can get to the school library 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从海报中，我们可以知道什么时候去读书俱乐部。 考查特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。根据“From the poster, we can know…”及海报中“Then come to Tuesday’s Book Club…5p.m.-6p.m.”可知，海报中涉及的信息是关于什么时间去读书俱乐部。选项B“我们什么时候可以去读书俱乐部”符合题意。故选B。 62．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Can you tell me ________? —She is a doctor. A．what your sister’s job is B．how your sister goes to work C．where your sister comes from 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你姐姐的工作是什么吗？——她是一名医生。 考查宾语从句。what your sister’s job is你姐姐的工作是什么；how your sister goes to work你妹妹是怎么去上班的；where your sister comes from你妹妹来自哪里。根据“She is a doctor.”可知，空处是询问职业。故选A。 63．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive. A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——林太太，我是新来的。你能告诉我南通博物馆是什么样子的吗？——当然。它有着悠久的历史，看起来很有吸引力。考查宾语从句和情景交际。what Nantong Museum is like南通博物馆是什么样子的；how far the Haohe River is浩河有多远；how I can get to Binjiang Park我怎么去滨江公园；what I can see in the Wolf Hill我在狼山看到了什么。根据“Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.”以及选项可知，此处应是询问南通博物馆是什么样子，选项A符合。故选A。 64．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—I don’t know ________. —Let’s ask the locals here. A．when will the exam start B．if this is the right way to the station C．where is he going D．why you didn’t show up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我不知道这是不是去车站的路。——让我们问问当地人。 考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“Let’s ask the locals here.”并结合选项可知，是不知道这是不是去车站的路。故选B。 65．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________? —Sorry, I have no idea. A．that we will have to put off the meeting B．if we would put off the meeting C．whether we will put off the meeting D．where we will put off the meeting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我是否推迟会议吗？——对不起，我不知道。 考查宾语从句。此处是宾语从句，宾语从句要用陈述语序。根据“could you tell me”可知，想知道是否推迟会议，引导词用if或whether表示“是否”，排除A和D选项。主句中的could表示委婉语气不表示过去时态，推迟会议发生在将来，故用一般将来时态（will +do），选项B是过去将来时（would +do），故排除B。故选C。 66．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Miss Zhang wonders ________ next Monday. A．where she will go swimming B．where will she go swimming C．where she would go swimming D．where would she go swimming 【答案】A 【详解】句意：张小姐想知道下周一她将去哪里游泳。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B/D选项。主句是一般现在时，宾语从句遵循“主现从不限”，从句中含有标志词“next Monday”，需用一般将来时。故选A。 67．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________. A．where can I buy one B．that it cost thirty-five yuan C．when you will finish reading it D．who you will borrow one from 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我知道你买了一本关于火星的书。我想知道你什么时候能看完。 考查宾语从句。where can I buy one我在哪里可以买到；that it cost thirty-five yuan它花了35元钱；when you will finish reading it你什么时候读完它；who you will borrow one from你要向谁借。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A；根据“wonder”可知，是想知道某事，B项不符合语境；根据“I know you’ve bought a book about Mars.”可知，是买的书，不是借的，D项语意不符。故选C。 68．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______. —I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city. A．how will I go to Suqian Museum B．how I will go to Suqian Museum C．whether will I go to Suqian Museum D．whether I will go to Suqian Museum 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——宋小姐，我还没决定是否去宿迁博物馆。——我真的希望你能去参观。这是了解我们城市历史的好机会。 考查宾语从句。how will I go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿迁博物馆，疑问语序；how I will go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿迁博物馆，陈述语序；whether will I go to Suqian Museum我是否会去宿迁博物馆，疑问语序；whether I will go to Suqian Museum我是否会去宿迁博物馆，陈述语序。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.”可知，还没决定是否去，故选D。 69．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Tim, do you know ________ the art festival? — Sure! Next Friday. A．when did we hold B．when we held C．when will we hold D．when we will hold 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Tim，你知道我们什么时候举办艺术节吗？——当然知道！下个星期五。 考查宾语从句。分析句子结构并结合选项可知，此处为宾语从句，应用陈述语序，排除选项A、C；根据答语中的“Next Friday.”可知，此处表示将来要发生的动作，时态应用一般将来时。故选D。 70．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______? —Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first? A．where can I buy a home robot B．where I can buy a home robot C．how can I turn the home robot on D．how I can turn the home robot on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样启动家用机器人吗？——对不起，我以前从来没有过家用机器人。为什么不先看看说明书呢？考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除AC选项；再根据“Why not read the instructions first?”可知，建议看说明书，说明问句是问如何启动家用机器人，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$