Unit 1 Art Reading and Thinking 课后练习-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

A short history of western painting 1． 课文语法填空 Art is influenced by the customs and 1.________ (faith) of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. During the Middle Ages (5th to 15th century AD), the main aim of painters was 2.________ (represent) religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people 3.________ they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, 4.________ created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident 5.________ ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. During the Renaissance (15th to 16th century), people began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a 6.________ (much) humanistic attitude to life. At the same time, painters returned 7.________ classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature 8.________ accurately as they could. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and 9.________ (possess) as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they 10.________ (convince) that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective 11.________ (not discover), no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colors used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces 12.________ this period is famous for. In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There 13.________ (be) many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters 14.________ (break) away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters 15.________ (work) outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as 16.________ of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they 17.________ (accept) as the beginning of what we call “modern art”. This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt 18.________ (paint) objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates 19.________ certain qualities of the object, using color, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic 20.________ they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future? 二.写出重点短语或词块 1.____________________受……影响 2. ____________________多次改变 3. ____________________在中世纪期间 4. ____________________的主要目的 5. ____________________宗教主题 6. ____________________对……感兴趣 7. ____________________一幅典型的画作 8.____________________宗教象征 9. ____________________营造一种……的感觉 10.____________________以更现实的方式 11. ____________________：在文艺复兴时期 12. ____________________专注于 13. ____________________采取一种……的态度对待 14. ____________________经典的罗马和希腊思想 15. ____________________努力做某事 16. ____________________尽可能准确地 17. ____________________拥有自己的画作 18. ____________________装饰某人的宫殿和房屋 19. ____________________用透视法画物体 20. ____________________巧合地 21. ____________________油画颜料 22.____________________看起来更丰富和深沉 23. ____________________这个时期的杰作 24. ____________________变化很大 25. ____________________从……到…… 26. ____________________导致 27.____________________摆脱 28. ____________________渴望做某事 29. ____________________看待；看 30. ____________________许多 三.翻译句子 1. 艺术受一个民族的习俗和信仰的影响。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.  这个时期的传统艺术家对如实展现自然和人不感兴趣。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. 但很明显，在13世纪观念在发生变化，当时像乔托·迪·邦多纳这样的画家开始以更写实的方式描绘宗教场景。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 4. 当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们深信自己是透过墙上的一个洞在看一个真实的场景。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.  如果没有新的颜料和新的绘画技巧，我们就无法看到这个时期闻名于世的许多伟大杰作。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.  一方面，一些现代艺术是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不试图画出我们用眼睛看到的物体，而是专注于物体的某些特质，用色彩、线条和形状来表现它们。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： 1. 语法填空 1. faiths 2. to represent 3. as 4. which 5. that 6. more 7. to 8. as 9. possessions 10. were convinced 11. had not been discovered 12. that/which 13. were 14. breaking 15. to work 16. those 17. are accepted 18. to paint 19. on 20. that 二.写出重点短语或词块 1. be influenced by：受……影响 2. change many times：多次改变 3. during the Middle Ages：在中世纪期间 4. the main aim of：……的主要目的 5. religious themes：宗教主题 6. be interested in：对……感兴趣 7. a typical picture：一幅典型的画作 8. religious symbols：宗教象征 9. create a feeling of：营造一种……的感觉 10. in a more realistic way：以更现实的方式 11. during the Renaissance：在文艺复兴时期 12. concentrate on：专注于 13. adopt a... attitude to：采取一种……的态度对待 14. classical Roman and Greek ideas：经典的罗马和希腊思想 15. try to do sth.：努力做某事 16. as accurately as：尽可能准确地 17. possess one's own paintings：拥有自己的画作 18. decorate one's palaces and houses：装饰某人的宫殿和房屋 19. draw things in perspective：用透视法画物体 20. by coincidence：巧合地 21. oil paints：油画颜料 22. look richer and deeper：看起来更丰富和深沉 23. masterpieces of this period：这个时期的杰作 24. change a great deal：变化很大 25. from... to...：从……到…… 26. lead to：导致 27. break away from：摆脱 28. be eager to do sth.：渴望做某事 29. look at：看待；看 30. scores of：许多 三.翻译句子 1. Art is influenced by the customs and faiths of a people. 艺术受一个民族的习俗和信仰的影响。 2. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. 这个时期的传统艺术家对如实展现自然和人不感兴趣。 3. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. 但很明显，在13世纪观念在发生变化，当时像乔托·迪·邦多纳这样的画家开始以更写实的方式描绘宗教场景。 4. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 当人们第一次看到他的画时，他们深信自己是透过墙上的一个洞在看一个真实的场景。 5. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces that this period is famous for. 如果没有新的颜料和新的绘画技巧，我们就无法看到这个时期闻名于世的许多伟大杰作。 6. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using color, line and shape to represent them. 一方面，一些现代艺术是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不试图画出我们用眼睛看到的物体，而是专注于物体的某些特质，用色彩、线条和形状来表现它们。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$