内容正文:
Section3 GrammarinUse
宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种.在主从
复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复
合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句.
因此,有人把宾语从句分为动词后的宾语从
句、介词后的宾语从句和形容词后的宾语从
句.如:
动词后:Idontknowwhenhecameback.
我不知道他什么时间回来.
介词后:Imthinkingaboutwhoistheright
personfortheposition.我在考虑谁是这个职
位适合的人选.
形容词后:Hessureshewil winthegame.
他确信她将赢得比赛.
引导宾语从句的引导词主要有:
that;if/whether;who/whom/whose/which及
其疑 问 词Gever结 构;how/why/when/where
及其疑问词Gever结构.
(一)that引导的宾语从句
that引导宾语从句时,就是起着连接作用,
不在从句中作成分,此时的that经常被省
略.如:Ithinkthatitsveryinterestingto
experienceadifferentculture.我认为体验
不同的文化很有趣.
HedidntknowthathehadbeentothelecG
turelastnight.他不知道昨天晚上他去听报
告了.
需要注意的是,也有that不可省略的情况,
常见的有:
1.that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonG
der,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的
宾语时.如:SheexplainsthatJackdiddo
thejobbyhimselfyesterday.她解释昨天
Jack的确自己做了这个工作.
2.一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,
第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以
省略.如:Shethinks(that)wedidagood
jobandthatthingswilgetbettersoon.她
认为我们做了一个很好的工作,情况不久会
变得更好.
3.宾语从句中的主语是指示代词this/that/
those/these作 主 语 的 定 语 时.如:Were
gladthatthisbookhelpsyoualotinyour
research.我们很高兴这本书对你的研究帮
助很大.
4.宾语从句是双宾(直接引语和间接引语)中
的直 接 宾 语 时.如:Hetold methathe
realylikedmylessons.他告诉我他真得喜
欢我的课.
5.当宾语从句前置时.如:Thatheissureto
help,Ibelieve.我相信他一定会帮忙的.
6.当it作形式宾语时.如:Shemadeitclear
thathewastheonewhowasinchargeof
thecompany.她 明 确 表 示 他 是 公 司 的 负
责人.
(二)if/whether引导的宾语从句
当宾语从句要表达“是否”的含义时,连接词
就用if/whether,其主句的谓语动词往往是
know,ask,care,wonder,findout等词.如:
Hedidntknowif/whethershewouldatG
tendthemeetingtomorrow.他不知道她是
否出席明天的会议.
注意以下情况一般都用 whether,不用if:
1.介词后的宾语从句一般不用if.如:Shes
verycuriousaboutwhetherheisateacher.
她很好奇他是否是一位老师.
01
2.在具有选择意义,又有or或ornot时,尤其
是直接与 ornot连用时,往往用 whether
(if...ornot 也 可 以 使 用).如:Idont
knowwhether/ifhecomesfromEnglandor
not.我不知道他是否来自英国.
3.宾 语 从 句 置 于 句 首 时,不 能 用 if.如:
Whetherthebookishersornot,hesnot
sure.他 不 确 信 这 本 书 是 否 是 她 的 或 者
不是.
(三)宾语从句否定的转移
当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,supG
pose,consider,expect,guess等,并且主句
的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时时,从
句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义
疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.如:Idont
thinkthatitsagoodideatogoforapicnic
onsuchawindyday,isit? 我认为在这样
一个 多 风 的 日 子 去 野 餐 不 是 个 好 主 意,
是吗?
Wedidntexpectthathewouldcomehere
soearlyinthemorning,wouldhe? 我们原
以为他不会这么早就来这的,是吗?
(四)宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法
这类用法一般是指当主句的谓语动词是表
建议、要求、命令等的动词(如suggest,orG
der,require,advise等)时,宾语从句的谓语
动词要采用“should+do”的虚拟语气用法,
should可以省略.如:
Hesuggestedthatwe(should)startearly
tomorrow.
他建议我们明天早点出发.
Theoficerorderedthatthesoldiers(should)
nevergiveintotheenemy.
军官命令士兵们决不向敌人投降.
Ⅰ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.—Couldyoutel mewhen we
(hand)inourbookreport?
—NextMondaymorning.
2.Theteacheriswonderingwhat
(happen)tothelittlegirl.Sheiscrying
sadly.
3.Mygrandfathertoldusthattheearlybird
(catch)theworm.
4.Theradiosaysthere (be)showG
ersnextweek.
5.Canyoutel mewherethosechildren
(play)hideGandGseekatthistimeyesG
terday?
6.Couldyoutel mehowsoonthevisitors
fromtheUSA (arrive)here?
Ⅱ.句型转换
1.Couldyoutel mehowIshouldstartthe
computer? (改为同义句)
Couldyou me
thecomputer?
2.Heaskedme,“Areyousatisfiedwithyour
recentcase?”(改为复合句)
Heaskedme I satisfied
withmyrecentcase.
3.IshefromEngland?Couldyoutelme? (改
为复合句)
Couldyoutel me he
fromEngland?
4.Couldyoutel me? Whyareyoulatefor
suchanimportantconference? (改 为 复
合句)
Couldyoutel mewhy
lateforsuchanimportantconference?
学习至此,请完成配套训练 Unit1Section3
11
Unit1 ASmalChangeCanSolvetheProblemsofMany
参 考 答 案
Unit1
Section1
课前新知预览
Ⅰ.1.solve solution 2.creative create creativity
3.design designer 4.curious curiosity 5.dustbin
6.unlikely likely 7.briliant briliantly 8.organise
organiser organisation 9.broaden broad 10.applicaG
tion apply applicant
Ⅱ.1.datacable 2.transitcard 3.keychain 4.theme
party 5.applicationform 6.falout 7.takeout
8.tie...to... 9.setup 10.filout
Ⅲ.1-5 BACED
课堂要点精析
核心词汇 即学活用
1.①about ②tolearn ③curiously ④curiosity
2.①tocause ②that ③Manyarelikelytohave
3.①for ②tocarry ③by ④ithappensbydesign
4.①todetermine ②doing ③off ④aside ⑤was
setup
重点句型 即学活用
①hasfalen ②hadseen ③shehadcometothismounG
tainvilage
Section2
课前新知预览
Ⅰ.1.value valuable 2.profession professional
3.imaginative imagination 4.permission permit
5.neat neatly 6.influence influential 7.surroundings
surrounding surround 8.inventive invention invent
9.institute 10.luxury luxurious 11.donate donation
12.opinion
Ⅱ.1.bynature 2.notonly...butalso... 3.trytodo
sth. 4.makeup 5.byaccident 6.comeupwith 7.pay
attentionto 8.startwith
Ⅲ.1.F 2.F 3.T 4.T 5.F 6.T
Ⅳ.1.when 2.Creativity 3.but 4.engineers 5.by
6.permission 7.togo 8.actualy 9.areinfluenced
10.surroundings
课堂要点精析
核心词汇 即学活用
1.①permission ②tocross ③askforpermissionfrom
2.①out ②up ③makeittoourdinner
3.①comedown ②comefrom ③comeout ④comeover
⑤comeup
4.①surroundings ②surrounding ③issurroundedbya
highfence
重点句型 即学活用
①is ②notonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench ③Notonly
canMaryspeakFrench
写作表达升格
典题示例 重点词汇
1.hold/haveaparty 2.besides 3.beinvitedtodosth.
4.takepartin
重点句型
1.WearegoingtoholdanEnglishpartyinourschoolsnew
gym.
2.TheEnglishpartywilstartfrom7p.m.to9p.m.next
Friday.
3.Besides,ourforeignteacherSusanwilbeinvitedtotake
partinourparty.
连句成篇
[参考范文]
Poster
InordertolearnEnglishconfidently,wearegoingto
holdanEnglishpartyinourschoolsnewgym.TheEnglish
partywilstartfrom7p.m.to9p.m.nextFriday.Youwil
enjoyEnglishstories,songsattheparty.Besides,ourforG
eignteacherSusanwilbeinvitedtotakepartinourparty.
Shewilgiveuswonderfulperformances.
Ourteachersandstudentsarewelcometoattendthe
Englishparty.
TheStudentsUnion
March9th
学以致用
[参考范文]
Howtosurviveafire
Ifafirehappens,whatshouldwedotosurvive? The
folowingtipsmaybeofhelptoyou.
First,keepcalm.Itisveryimportant.
Second,coveryournosewithawetclothing,oryou
mayhavedifficultyinbreathing.
Third,goawayfromthedangerousplaceimmediately.
Youshouldloweryourbodyandmovealongwalstowards
exits.
Finaly,whenyoucantfindanywayout,gotothe
toiletandwetitsdoorsandwindows.Atthesametime,try
togethelpfromoutside.
Section3
语法探究突破
学以致用
Ⅰ.1.wilhand 2.hashappened 3.catches 4.wilbe
5.wereplaying 6.wilarrive
Ⅱ.1.tel;howtostart 2.whether/if;was 3.whether/
if;is 4.youare
Section4
课前新知预览
Ⅰ.1.underline 2.calculator 3.seal 4.envelope 5.pioG
neer 6.leak 7.waterproof 8.insert 9.sink 10.conG
venience convenient 11.economic economy 12.conG
flict 13.moreover 14.switch 15.port
Ⅱ.1.becuriousabout 2.insertinto 3.thanksto
4.aboveal 5.switchoff 6.inaddition 7.take...for
granted 8.beusedtodo 9.believeitornot 10.comeup
with 11.byaccident
Ⅲ.1-5 EDCBA
711
参考答案